SE0X-LB -- LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor Transmitter User Manual
Table of Contents :
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Configure SE0X-LB to connect to LoRaWAN network
- 3. Configure SE0X-LB
- 4. Battery & Power Consumption
- 5. OTA Firmware update
- 6. FAQ
- 7. Order Info
- 8. Packing Info
- 9. Support
1. Introduction
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor
The Dragino SE0X-LB is a LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor for Agri-IoT with up to 4 sensor probes. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
It detects Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature and Soil Conductivity, and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
The LoRa wireless technology used in SE0X-LB allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
SE0X-LB supports BLE configure and wireless OTA update which make user easy to use.
SE0X-LB is powered by 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery , it is designed for long term use up to 5 years.
Each SE0X-LB is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
1.2 Features
- LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
- Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
- Ultra-low power consumption
- Up to 4 external sensor probes, probe length: 2.5 meters
- Monitor Soil Moisture
- Monitor Soil Temperature
- Monitor Soil Conductivity
- Support Bluetooth v5.1 and LoRaWAN remote configure
- Support wireless OTA update firmware
- AT Commands to change parameters
- Downlink to change configure
- IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
- 8500mAh Li/SOCl2 Battery
1.3 Specification
Common DC Characteristics:
- Supply Voltage: Built-in Battery , 2.5v ~ 3.6v
- Operating Temperature: -40 ~ 85°C
Soil Moisture:
- Range: 0-100.00 V/V %
- Resolution: 0.01 V/V %
- Accuracy: ±3% (0-53%)V/V %, ±5% (>53%) V/V %
- Measure Method: FDR , with temperature &EC compensate
Soil Temperature
- Range: -40.00℃～85.00℃
- Resolution: 0.01℃
- Accuracy: -10℃～50℃:<0.3℃ ,All other: <0.6℃
- Measure Method: RTD, and calibrate
Soil Conductivity
- Range: 0-20000 uS/cm(25℃)(0-20.0EC)
- Resolution: 1 uS/cm
- Accuracy: 2%FS
- Measure Method: Conductivity , with temperature compensate
LoRa Spec:
- Frequency Range, Band 1 (HF): 862 ~ 1020 Mhz
- Max +22 dBm constant RF output vs.
- RX sensitivity: down to -139 dBm.
- Excellent blocking immunity
Battery:
- Li/SOCI2 un-chargeable battery
- Capacity: 8500mAh
- Self-Discharge: <1% / Year @ 25°C
- Max continuously current: 130mA
- Max boost current: 2A, 1 second
Power Consumption
- Sleep Mode: 5uA @ 3.3v
- LoRa Transmit Mode: 125mA @ 20dBm, 82mA @ 14dBm
1.4 Applications
- Smart Agriculture
1.5 Sleep mode and working mode
Deep Sleep Mode: Sensor doesn't have any LoRaWAN activate. This mode is used for storage and shipping to save battery life.
Working Mode: In this mode, Sensor will work as LoRaWAN Sensor to Join LoRaWAN network and send out sensor data to server. Between each sampling/tx/rx periodically, sensor will be in IDLE mode), in IDLE mode, sensor has the same power consumption as Deep Sleep mode.
1.6 Button & LEDs
| Behavior on ACT | Function | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Pressing ACT between 1s < time < 3s | Send an uplink | If sensor is already Joined to LoRaWAN network, sensor will send an uplink packet, blue led will blink once. |
| Pressing ACT for more than 3s | Active Device | Green led will fast blink 5 times, device will enter OTA mode for 3 seconds. And then start to JOIN LoRaWAN network. |
| Fast press ACT 5 times. | Deactivate Device | Red led will solid on for 5 seconds. Means device is in Deep Sleep Mode. |
1.7 BLE connection
SE0X-LB support BLE remote configure.
BLE can be used to configure the parameter of sensor or see the console output from sensor. BLE will be only activate on below case:
- Press button to send an uplink
- Press button to active device.
- Device Power on or reset.
If there is no activity connection on BLE in 60 seconds, sensor will shut down BLE module to enter low power mode.
1.8 Pin Definitions
1.9 Mechanical
1.9.1 for LB version
Main Device Dimension:
Probe Dimension:
2. Configure SE0X-LB to connect to LoRaWAN network
2.1 How it works
The SE0X-LB is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and press the button to activate the SE0X-LB. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value. The default uplink interval is 20 minutes.
2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA)
Following is an example for how to join the TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network. Below is the network structure; we use the LPS8v2 as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
The LPS8v2 is already set to connected to TTN network , so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
Step 1: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from SE0X-LB.
Each SE0X-LB is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
Register the device （Enter end device specifics manually):
Add APP EUI, DEV EUI and AppKey:
Step 2: Activate on SE0X-LB
Press the button for 5 seconds to activate the SE0X-LB.
Green led will fast blink 5 times, device will enter OTA mode for 3 seconds. And then start to JOIN LoRaWAN network. Green led will solidly turn on for 5 seconds after joined in network.
After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
2.3 Uplink Payload
2.3.1 MOD=0(Default Mode), FPORT=2
SE0X-LB will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
(Note: When 4 sensors are recognized, the number of bytes in the uplink is 29;
When 3 sensors are recognized, the number of uplink bytes is 23;
When 2 sensors are recognized, the number of bytes in the upper row is 17;
When 1 sensor is recognized, the number of bytes in the uplink is 11;)
Uplink payload to recognize 4 sensors 29 bytes as an example.
Example in TTN:
2.3.2 MOD=1(Original value), FPORT=2
This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
Example in TTN:
2.3.3 Device Status, FPORT=5
Users can use the downlink command(0x26 01) to ask SE0X-LB to send device configure detail, include device configure status. SE0X-LB will uplink a payload via FPort=5 to server.
The Payload format is as below.
| Device Status (FPORT=5) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size(bytes) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Value | Sensor Model | Firmware Version | Frequency Band | Sub-band | BAT |
- Sensor Model: For SE0X-LB, this value is 0xF9
- Firmware Version: 0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version
- Frequency Band:
0x01: EU868
0x02: US915
0x03: IN865
0x04: AU915
0x05: KZ865
0x06: RU864
0x07: AS923
0x08: AS923-1
0x09: AS923-2
0x0a: AS923-3
0x0b: CN470
0x0c: EU433
0x0d: KR920
0x0e: MA869
- Sub-Band:
- AU915 and US915: value 0x00 ~ 0x08
- CN470: value 0x0B ~ 0x0C
- Other Bands: Always 0x00
- Battery Info:
Check the battery voltage.
Ex1: 0x0C8A = 3210mV
Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
2.3.4 Battery Info
Check the battery voltage for SE0X-LB.
Ex1: 0x0C8A = 3210mV
Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
2.3.5 Soil Moisture
Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x05 0xDC, the moisture content in the soil is 05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.
2.3.6 Soil Temperature
Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
Example:
If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
2.3.7 Soil Conductivity (EC)
Obtain soluble salt concentration in soil or soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer or planting medium. The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
2.3.8 MOD
SE0X-LB supports changing mode.
For example, bytes[4]=0x0F
mod=(bytes[4]>>7)&0x01=0.
Downlink Command:
If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
If payload = 0x0A01, workmode=1
2.3.9 Interrupt_flag
Displays whether upstream packets are generated by interrupt.
0: Normal uplink packet.
1: Interrupt Uplink Packet.
For example, bytes[4]=10
Interrupt_flag=bytes[4] &0x01=0.
2.3.10 Sensor_flag
Displays whether sensors are connected.
0: Sensor connection not detected.
1: Sensor connection detected.
For example, s_flag=1111,.Represents recognition to four sensors.
Counting from left to right,
The first number represents the 01 address sensor,
The second number represents the 02 address sensor;
The third number represents the 03 address sensor;
The fourth number represents the 04 address sensor.
2.3.11 Decode payload in The Things Network
While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
SE0X-LB TTN Payload Decoder: https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder
2.4 Uplink Interval
The SE0X-LB by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: Change Uplink Interval
2.5 Downlink Payload
By default, SE0X-LB prints the downlink payload to console port.
| Downlink Control Type | FPort | Type Code | Downlink payload size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
| TDC (Transmit Time Interval) | Any | 01 | 4 |
| RESET | Any | 04 | 2 |
| AT+CFM | Any | 05 | 4 |
| INTMOD | Any | 06 | 4 |
| MOD | Any | 0A | 2 |
Examples:
Set TDC
If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S
Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S
Reset
If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the SE0X-LB
- CFM
Downlink Payload: 05010101, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=1,1,1
2.6 Set Device Time
User need to set SYNCMOD=1 to enable sync time via MAC command.
Once SE0X-LB Joined LoRaWAN network, it will send the MAC command (DeviceTimeReq) and the server will reply with (DeviceTimeAns) to send the current time to SE0X-LB. If SE01-LB fails to get the time from the server, SE0X-LB will use the internal time and wait for next time request (AT+SYNCTDC to set the time request period, default is 10 days).
Note: LoRaWAN Server need to support LoRaWAN v1.0.3(MAC v1.0.3) or higher to support this MAC command feature, Chirpstack,TTN V3 v3 and loriot support but TTN V3 v2 doesn't support. If server doesn't support this command, it will through away uplink packet with this command, so user will lose the packet with time request for TTN V3 v2 if SYNCMOD=1.
2.7 Frequency Plans
The SE0X-LB uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. Each frequency band use different firmware, user update the firmware to the corresponding band for their country.
http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20Frequency%20Band/
2.8 Installation in Soil
Measurement the soil surface
Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
3. Configure SE0X-LB
3.1 Configure Methods
SE0X-LB supports below configure method:
- AT Command via Bluetooth Connection (Recommended): BLE Configure Instruction.
- AT Command via UART Connection : See UART Connection.
- LoRaWAN Downlink. Instruction for different platforms: See IoT LoRaWAN Server section.
3.2 General Commands
These commands are to configure:
- General system settings like: uplink interval.
- LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.
They are same for all Dragino Devices which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack. These commands can be found on the wiki:
http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/
3.3 Commands special design for SE0X-LB
These commands only valid for SE0X-LB, as below:
3.3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time
Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.
AT Command: AT+TDC
| Command Example | Function | Response |
|---|---|---|
| AT+TDC=? | Show current transmit Interval | 30000 |
| AT+TDC=60000 | Set Transmit Interval | OK |
Downlink Command: 0x01
Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.
If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E // Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C // Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds
3.3.2 Quit AT Command
Feature: Quit AT Command mode, so user needs to input the password again before using AT Commands.
AT Command: AT+DISAT
| Command Example | Function | Response |
|---|---|---|
| AT+DISAT | Quit AT Commands mode | OK |
Downlink Command:
No downlink command for this feature.
3.3.3 Set Interrupt Mode
Feature, Set Interrupt mode for GPIO_EXTI of pin.
When AT+INTMOD=0 is set, GPIO_EXTI is used as a digital input port.
AT Command: AT+INTMOD
| Command Example | Function | Response |
|---|---|---|
| AT+INTMOD=? | Show current interrupt mode | 0 |
| AT+INTMOD=2 | Set Transmit Interval | OK |
Downlink Command: 0x06
Format: Command Code (0x06) followed by 3 bytes.
This means that the interrupt mode of the end node is set to 0x000003=3 (rising edge trigger), and the type code is 06.
- Example 1: Downlink Payload: 06000000 // Turn off interrupt mode
- Example 2: Downlink Payload: 06000003 // Set the interrupt mode to rising edge trigger
3.3.4 Set Power Output Duration
Control the output duration 5V . Before each sampling, device will
1. first enable the power output to external sensor,
2. keep it on as per duration, read sensor value and construct uplink payload
3. final, close the power output.
AT Command: AT+5VT
| Command Example | Function | Response |
|---|---|---|
| AT+5VT=? | Show 5V open time. | 0 (default) OK |
| AT+5VT=500 | Close after a delay of 1000 milliseconds. | OK |
Downlink Command: 0x07
Format: Command Code (0x07) followed by 2 bytes.
The first and second bytes are the time to turn on.
- Example 1: Downlink Payload: 070000 ---> AT+5VT=0
- Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0701F4 ---> AT+5VT=500
3.3.5 Setting the sensor address
Function:Change the sensor address to 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04
(Note:When setting the address of the sensor, you need to connect the device individually for each one, and when modifying the address, you can't connect more than one sensor at the same time, otherwise it will be impossible to modify it, and when modifying it, you need to connect the yellow wire to VDD, and after modifying it, you need to disconnect it.)
AT Command: AT+MADD
| Command Example | Function | Response |
|---|---|---|
| AT+MADD=1 | Set sensor address to 01 | Successfully modified sensor address to 0x01 OK |
| AT+MADD=2 | Set sensor address to 02 | Successfully modified sensor address to 0x02 OK |
Downlink Command:
No downlink command for this feature.
4. Battery & Power Consumption
SE0X-LB use ER26500 + SPC1520 battery pack. See below link for detail information about the battery info and how to replace.
Battery Info & Power Consumption Analyze .
5. OTA Firmware update
User can change firmware SE0X-LB to:
- Change Frequency band/ region.
- Update with new features.
- Fix bugs.
Firmware and changelog can be downloaded from : Firmware download link
Methods to Update Firmware:
- (Recommanded way) OTA firmware update via wireless: http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/
- Update through UART TTL interface. Instruction.
6. FAQ
6.1 AT Commands input doesn't work
In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the ENTER while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send ENTER while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
6.2 Can I calibrate SE0X-LB to different soil types?
SE0X-LB can be used to measure EC/Moisture in different type of soil event concrete.
SE0X-LB is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at this link.
6.3 Why I can't join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands?
It is due to channel mapping. Please see the Eight Channel Mode section above for details.
7. Order Info
Part Number: SE0X-LB-XX
XX: The default frequency band
- AS923: LoRaWAN AS923 band
- AU915: LoRaWAN AU915 band
- EU433: LoRaWAN EU433 band
- EU868: LoRaWAN EU868 band
- KR920: LoRaWAN KR920 band
- US915: LoRaWAN US915 band
- IN865: LoRaWAN IN865 band
- CN470: LoRaWAN CN470 band
8. Packing Info
Package Includes:
- SE0X-LB LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor Transmitter
Dimension and weight:
- Device Size: cm
- Device Weight: g
- Package Size / pcs : cm
- Weight / pcs : g
9. Support
- Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
- Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to Support@dragino.cc.