Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Kilight Cao on 2023/09/25 09:20
<
From version < 85.1 >
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2023/01/13 11:49
To version < 26.1 >
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2022/06/02 11:59
>
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2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 += Overview =
5 5  
6 -
7 -
8 -= 1.  Overview =
9 -
10 -
11 11  This is a general instruction for the use of Armbian base OS of Dragino devices. Current models include:
12 12  
13 13  * HP0A
14 14  * HP0C
15 15  * LPS8v2
16 -* MS20
17 17  
13 += Development Guide =
18 18  
19 -= 2.  Development Guide =
15 +For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc
20 20  
21 21  
22 -For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
18 += Advance =
23 23  
20 +== SSH Access for Linux console ==
24 24  
25 -== 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
22 +Connect the HP0C Ethernet port to your router and HP0C will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the HP0C. You can use this IP to connect the SSH access of HP0C.
26 26  
24 +IP address:  IP address of HP0C
27 27  
28 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
26 +Port:         22
29 29  
28 +User Name:      **root**
30 30  
31 -**Requirements:**
30 +Password:  **draginohp** (default)
32 32  
33 -**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev(%%)**
32 +After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
34 34  
35 -**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev(%%)**
36 36  
35 +== How to flash SD card to eMMC ==
37 37  
38 -**Run command clone dragino-fwd package: (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git(%%)**
39 39  
38 +Run command:
40 40  
41 -[[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
40 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
41 +(((
42 +nand-sata-install
43 +)))
42 42  
43 -
44 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
45 -
46 -
47 -**After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
48 -
49 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd:  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c**
50 -
51 -
52 -The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
53 -
54 -[[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
55 -
56 -
57 -
58 -When the compilation is complete a** (% style="color:blue" %)draginofwd-*.deb(%%) **package is generated.
59 -
60 -[[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
61 -
62 -
63 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
64 -
65 -
66 -**Run command:**
67 -
68 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb **
69 -
70 -
71 -[[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
72 -
73 -
74 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
75 -
76 -
77 -**Check the dragino_fwd log:**
78 -
79 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**journalctl -u draginofwd -f**
80 -
81 -
82 -[[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
83 -
84 -
85 -**Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:**
86 -
87 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl start draginofwd**
88 -
89 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
90 -
91 -
92 -== 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
93 -
94 -== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
95 -
96 -=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
97 -
98 -
99 - (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
100 -
101 -~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
102 -
103 -2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
104 -
105 -3. //Download the OS image from the **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
106 -
107 -4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
108 -
109 -
110 -
111 -=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
112 -
113 -
114 -//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
115 -
116 -//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
117 -
118 -//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
119 -
120 -
121 -**Run command:**
122 -
123 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
124 -
125 -
126 126  [[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
127 127  
47 +**Select the "Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC"**
128 128  
129 -
130 -Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
131 -
132 132  [[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
133 133  
134 -
135 135  [[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
136 136  
137 137  
54 +**Select the "1  ext4"**
138 138  
139 -Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
140 -
141 141  [[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
142 142  
143 143  
59 +**It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC**
144 144  
145 -It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
146 -
147 147  [[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
148 148  
149 -
150 150  [[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
151 151  
152 -
153 153  [[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
154 154  
155 155  
156 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
68 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card**
157 157  
70 +== How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
158 158  
159 -== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
72 +=== Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package ===
160 160  
161 161  
162 -[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
75 +Run command clone dragino-fwd package:
163 163  
164 -
165 -== 2.5 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
166 -
167 -
168 -By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
169 -
170 -[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
171 -
172 -**If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
173 -
174 -
175 -#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
176 -
177 -[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
178 -
179 179  (% class="box infomessage" %)
180 180  (((
181 -**npm install -g n**
79 +git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git
182 182  )))
183 183  
82 +[[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
184 184  
185 -#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
186 186  
187 -[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
85 +=== Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd ===
188 188  
189 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
190 -(((
191 -**n lts**
192 -)))
193 193  
88 +After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:
194 194  
195 -#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
196 -
197 -[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
198 -
199 199  (% class="box infomessage" %)
200 200  (((
201 -**n prune**
92 +Compile HP0D/rasspberrypi fwd：  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh d
93 +Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd：  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c
202 202  )))
203 203  
96 +The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
204 204  
205 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
206 -(((
207 -**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
208 -)))
98 +[[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
209 209  
210 210  
211 -Check the current version
101 +**When the compilation is complete a draginofwd-*.deb package is generated.**
212 212  
213 -[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
103 +[[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
214 214  
215 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
216 -(((
217 -**node -v**
218 -)))
219 219  
106 +=== Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd ===
220 220  
221 -== 2.6 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
222 222  
109 +Run command:
223 223  
224 -=== **Grafana:** ===
225 -
226 -
227 227  (% class="box infomessage" %)
228 228  (((
229 -curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
230 -echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
231 -apt update && apt install grafana
113 +dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb
232 232  )))
233 233  
116 +[[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
234 234  
235 -Check the running status:
236 236  
119 +=== Step 4. Test ===
237 237  
238 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
239 -(((
240 -systemctl status grafana-server
241 -)))
242 242  
122 +Check the dragino_fwd log:
243 243  
244 -configuration path:
245 -
246 -
247 247  (% class="box infomessage" %)
248 248  (((
249 -/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
126 +journalctl -u draginofwd -f
250 250  )))
251 251  
129 +[[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
252 252  
253 -=== **Influxdb:** ===
131 +Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:
254 254  
255 -
256 256  (% class="box infomessage" %)
257 257  (((
258 -curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdb.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
259 -echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
260 -apt update && apt install influxdb
135 +systemctl start draginofwd
136 +systemctl stop draginofwd
261 261  )))
262 262  
263 263  
264 -Check the running status:
265 -
266 -
267 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
268 -(((
269 -systemctl status influxdb
270 -)))
271 -
272 -
273 -configuration path:
274 -
275 -
276 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
277 -(((
278 -/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
279 -)))
280 -
281 -= 3. How to install ChirpStack =
282 -
283 -
284 -= 4. Package Maintain Note =
285 -
286 -== 4.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
287 -
288 -=== 4.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
289 -
290 -
291 -By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
292 -
293 -
294 -(% style="color:blue" %)**When devices will check for updates**?
295 -
296 -* Devices will check for updates for every boot.
297 -* Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
298 -
299 -(% style="color:blue" %)**What packages will be checked for updates**?
300 -
301 -dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
302 -
303 -dragino-sid  ~-~- SN write and read tool
304 -
305 -dragino-ui  ~-~- Gateway Web UI package
306 -
307 -draginofwd   ~-~- UDP packet forwarder, LoRa Base Station
308 -
309 -draginoups   ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
310 -
311 -
312 -
313 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Location and changelog for packages**:
314 -
315 -* Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
316 -* Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
317 -
318 -(% style="color:blue" %)**How to view auto-updated log**
319 -
320 -You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)**System ~-~-> Package Management.**
321 -
322 -
323 -[[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
324 -
325 -
326 -
327 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Can I disable package-auto-update?**
328 -
329 -You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
330 -
331 -
332 -[[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
333 -
334 -
335 -
336 -=== 4.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
337 -
338 -
339 -You can click the (% style="color:red" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
340 -
341 -
342 -[[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
343 -
344 -
345 -
346 -=== 4.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
347 -
348 -
349 -For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
350 -
351 -
352 -
353 -== 4.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
354 -
355 -=== 4.2.1 Overview ===
356 -
357 -
358 -Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
359 -
360 -
361 -=== 4.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
362 -
363 -
364 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
365 -
366 -
367 -=== 4.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
368 -
369 -
370 -**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/(%%)**
371 -
372 -**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/ -p(%%)**
373 -
374 -**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/ -p(%%)**
375 -
376 -
377 -**Tree Structure:**
378 -
379 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: If you are not familiar with updating servers, most directory names are not recommended to be changed.**
380 -
381 -
382 -└── debian
383 -
384 - └── release
385 -
386 - ├── dists
387 -
388 - │   └── stable
389 -
390 - │       └── main
391 -
392 - │           └── binary-armhf
393 -
394 - └── pool
395 -
396 - └── main
397 -
398 - └── d
399 -
400 - └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
401 -
402 -
403 -=== 4.2.4 Get deb packages ===
404 -
405 -
406 -The deb packages for auto-update can be placed in** (% style="color:blue" %)/var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
407 -
408 -Below is an example package(testing-0808.deb) for test purpose:
409 -
410 -
411 -**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/testing-0808.deb(%%)**
412 -
413 -**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
414 -
415 -
416 -=== 4.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
417 -
418 -
419 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/**
420 -
421 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg-scanpackages pool/ > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages**
422 -
423 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cat dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages | gzip -9 > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages.gz**
424 -
425 -
426 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
427 -
428 -
429 -=== 4.2.6 Generate Release file ===
430 -
431 -
432 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Create the generated script:**(%%) ====
433 -
434 -
435 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
436 -
437 -
438 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh]]**
439 -
440 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**chmod + x ./generate-release.sh**
441 -
442 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
443 -
444 -
445 -=== 4.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
446 -
447 -
448 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
449 -
450 -
451 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install gnupg**
452 -
453 -
454 -
455 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**generate gpg key**(%%) ====
456 -
457 -
458 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg -gen-key**
459 -
460 -
461 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.**
462 -
463 -
464 -
465 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Check the gen-key**(%%) ====
466 -
467 -
468 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gen -list-key**
469 -
470 -
471 -
472 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the release.gpg**(%%) ====
473 -
474 -
475 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
476 -
477 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-detach-sign -o Release.gpg Release**
478 -
479 -
480 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-clearsign -o InRelease Release**
481 -
482 -
483 -
484 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the public key**(%%) ====
485 -
486 -
487 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>**
488 -
489 -
490 -**example: gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output xiao.asc ~-~-export **[[xiaoye@dragino.cc>>mailto:xiaoye@dragino.cc]]
491 -
492 -
493 -
494 -=== 4.2.8 Add url as apt source in LPS8v2 / MS20 ===
495 -
496 -
497 -
498 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the public key**(%%) ====
499 -
500 -
501 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/**
502 -
503 -
504 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.**
505 -
506 -
507 -
508 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the apt source list**(%%) ====
509 -
510 -
511 -Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
512 -
513 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**echo "deb http:~/~/<IP_address or hostname>/debian/release stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/test_server.list**
514 -
515 -
516 -
517 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Validate the apt repository**(%%) ====
518 -
519 -
520 -Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
521 -
522 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt update && apt install testing**
523 -
524 -
525 -Example output:
526 -
527 -[[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
528 -
529 -
530 -=== 4.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
531 -
532 -
533 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Remove dragino apt source**(%%) ====
534 -
535 -
536 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**/etc/apt/sources.list**
537 -
538 -
539 -[[image:1661306460134-112.png]]
540 -
541 -
542 -
543 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set up automatic updates**(%%) ====
544 -
545 -
546 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates**
547 -
548 -
549 -The device performs automatic updates from this script,
550 -
551 -But it will now only look for dragino as a keyword, so you need to replace the keyword dragino with your own keyword.
552 -
553 -
554 -[[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
140 +
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