Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
<
From version < 82.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2022/11/12 15:47
To version < 114.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2024/10/31 14:19
>
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... ... @@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
15 15  * LPS8v2
16 16  * MS20
17 17  
18 +(% style="display:none" %)
19 +
20 +
18 18  = 2.  Development Guide =
19 19  
20 20  
... ... @@ -21,11 +21,9 @@
21 21  For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
22 22  
23 23  
24 -
25 25  == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
26 26  
27 27  
28 -
29 29  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
30 30  
31 31  
... ... @@ -42,7 +42,6 @@
42 42  [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
43 43  
44 44  
45 -
46 46  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
47 47  
48 48  
... ... @@ -62,7 +62,6 @@
62 62  [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
63 63  
64 64  
65 -
66 66  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
67 67  
68 68  
... ... @@ -74,7 +74,6 @@
74 74  [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
75 75  
76 76  
77 -
78 78  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
79 79  
80 80  
... ... @@ -93,87 +93,198 @@
93 93  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
94 94  
95 95  
96 -
97 97  == 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
98 98  
99 99  
100 -== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
97 +**2.2.1 Prepare a USB flash drive/SD card and plug it into the USB port of the gateway.**
101 101  
102 102  
103 -=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
104 104  
105 105  
106 - (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
102 +**2.2.2 Mounting a USB Flash Drive/SD Card in the Linux CLI**
107 107  
108 -~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
109 109  
110 -2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
111 111  
112 -3. //Download the OS image from the **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
113 113  
114 -4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
107 +**2.2.3 Using the dd command, copy Emmc as an img file**
115 115  
116 116  
110 +dd if=/etc/sidmem of=/dev/mmcblk2p2 bs=1M count=1
117 117  
118 -=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
119 119  
120 120  
121 -//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
114 +**2.2.4 Export the img file and follow the steps in 2.3 for burning**
122 122  
123 -//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
124 124  
125 -//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
117 +== 2.3  How to flash a new image(OS) to the gateway(LPS8V2) ==
126 126  
127 127  
120 +Since the gateway has a large system, you need to use the sd card to reflash the system for the gateway
121 +
122 +
123 +//2.3.1: Making an SD card with the new image//
124 +
125 +//2.3.2: Instal the SD card to the gateway//
126 +
127 +//2.3.3: Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card//
128 +
129 +//2.3.4: Finished the process of flash and power cycle the gateway//
130 +
131 +
132 +==== (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//Preparations~://**(%%) ====
133 +
134 +1. Prepare an SD card
135 +1. Prepare a card reader device
136 +1. Download the OS image from the release.image~: **[[draginolps8v2-release-v1.7>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**
137 +1. A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )
138 +1. SD Card [[format>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]] tool
139 +
140 +=== **2.3.1 Making an SD Card with the new image** ===
141 +
142 +
143 +==== Step 1.  Formatting the SD Card ====
144 +
145 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
146 +
147 +
148 +==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
149 +
150 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
151 +
152 +
153 +==== Step 3. Select the target ====
154 +
155 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
156 +
157 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
158 +
159 +
160 +==== Step 4. Flash start ====
161 +
162 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
163 +
164 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
165 +
166 +
167 +
168 +=== **2.3.2 Instal the SD card to the gateway** ===
169 +
170 +1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot
171 +
172 +[[image:image-20230712201032-1.png]]
173 +
174 +
175 +2. Power the gateway with 5V2A, and access the gateway's Ethernet port to your PC
176 +
177 +[[image:image-20230712201458-3.png||height="649" width="832"]]
178 +
179 +
180 +Note: The PWR LED on red
181 +
182 + The  LAN LED blink
183 +
184 + The SYS LED on red
185 +
186 +
187 +
188 +=== **3.2.3 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card** ===
189 +
190 +
191 +Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
192 +
193 +
194 +* **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
195 +
196 +Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
197 +
198 +
199 +IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
200 +
201 +Port:  22
202 +
203 +User Name:      (% style="color:blue" %)**root**
204 +
205 +Password:         (% style="color:blue" %)**dragino**(%%) (default)
206 +
207 +//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
208 +
209 +
210 +[[image:image-20230508155357-1.png||height="225" width="634"]]
211 +
212 +
128 128  **Run command:**
129 129  
130 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
215 +draginolps8v2-release-chirpsrtack-v1.7-240725 image :
131 131  
217 +(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-ChirpStack-240725-1.img **
132 132  
133 -[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
219 +draginolps8v2-release-ttnstack-v1.7-240712 image :
134 134  
221 +(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-TTN-231124.img**
135 135  
223 +[[image:image-20241008091850-2.png]]
136 136  
137 -Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
225 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Note: After the flash is completed, please power off the device (run the command halt) and disconnect the power supply, and then unplug the SD card.**
138 138  
139 -[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
140 140  
228 +== 2.4 How to extend the gateway size of memory with SD card ==
141 141  
142 -[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
143 143  
231 +Users can use the SD card slot to expand the gateway memory size by following the steps below
144 144  
145 145  
146 -Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
234 +=== 2.4.1 View SD card information ===
147 147  
148 -[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
236 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
237 +(((
238 +fdisk -l
239 +)))
149 149  
241 +[[image:image-20230831150518-3.png]]
150 150  
151 151  
152 -It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
244 +=== 2.4.2 Displays the current file system disk usage statistics on Linux systems ===
153 153  
154 -[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
155 155  
247 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
248 +(((
249 +df -h
250 +)))
156 156  
157 -[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
252 +[[image:image-20230831150341-2.png]]
158 158  
159 159  
160 -[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
255 +=== 2.4.3 Mount SD card ===
161 161  
162 162  
163 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
258 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
259 +(((
260 +mkdir /mnt/sd
164 164  
262 +mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/sd
263 +)))
165 165  
265 +After the mount is successful to check the file system disk usage on the Linux system again:
166 166  
167 -== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
267 +[[image:image-20230831151432-4.png]]
168 168  
169 169  
170 -[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
270 +If the mount fails, you can format the file system and try the mount again
171 171  
272 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
273 +(((
274 +mkfs.ext4 /dev/mmcblk0p1
275 +)))
172 172  
277 +== 2.5 Default Built Version ==
173 173  
174 -== 2.5: How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
175 175  
280 +[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
176 176  
282 +
283 +== 2.6 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
284 +
285 +
177 177  By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
178 178  
179 179  [[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
... ... @@ -183,6 +183,7 @@
183 183  
184 184  #install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
185 185  
295 +[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
186 186  
187 187  (% class="box infomessage" %)
188 188  (((
... ... @@ -192,6 +192,8 @@
192 192  
193 193  #Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
194 194  
305 +[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
306 +
195 195  (% class="box infomessage" %)
196 196  (((
197 197  **n lts**
... ... @@ -200,6 +200,7 @@
200 200  
201 201  #Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
202 202  
315 +[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
203 203  
204 204  (% class="box infomessage" %)
205 205  (((
... ... @@ -209,12 +209,13 @@
209 209  
210 210  (% class="box infomessage" %)
211 211  (((
212 -**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y**
325 +**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
213 213  )))
214 214  
215 215  
216 216  Check the current version
217 217  
331 +[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
218 218  
219 219  (% class="box infomessage" %)
220 220  (((
... ... @@ -222,15 +222,74 @@
222 222  )))
223 223  
224 224  
225 -= 3. Package Maintain Note =
339 +== 2.7 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
226 226  
227 227  
228 -== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
342 +=== **Grafana:** ===
229 229  
230 230  
231 -=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
345 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
346 +(((
347 +curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
348 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
349 +apt update && apt install grafana
350 +)))
232 232  
233 233  
353 +Check the running status:
354 +
355 +
356 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
357 +(((
358 +systemctl status grafana-server
359 +)))
360 +
361 +
362 +configuration path:
363 +
364 +
365 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
366 +(((
367 +/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
368 +)))
369 +
370 +
371 +=== **Influxdb:** ===
372 +
373 +
374 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
375 +(((
376 +curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdata-archive_compat.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
377 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
378 +apt update && apt install influxdb
379 +)))
380 +
381 +
382 +Check the running status:
383 +
384 +
385 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
386 +(((
387 +systemctl status influxdb
388 +)))
389 +
390 +
391 +configuration path:
392 +
393 +
394 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
395 +(((
396 +/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
397 +)))
398 +
399 +
400 += 3.  Package Management =
401 +
402 +== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
403 +
404 +=== 3.1.1  How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
405 +
406 +
234 234  By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
235 235  
236 236  
... ... @@ -275,7 +275,6 @@
275 275  [[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
276 276  
277 277  
278 -
279 279  === 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
280 280  
281 281  
... ... @@ -285,7 +285,6 @@
285 285  [[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
286 286  
287 287  
288 -
289 289  === 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
290 290  
291 291  
... ... @@ -292,10 +292,8 @@
292 292  For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
293 293  
294 294  
295 -
296 296  == 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
297 297  
298 -
299 299  === 3.2.1 Overview ===
300 300  
301 301  
... ... @@ -302,7 +302,6 @@
302 302  Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
303 303  
304 304  
305 -
306 306  === 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
307 307  
308 308  
... ... @@ -309,7 +309,6 @@
309 309  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
310 310  
311 311  
312 -
313 313  === 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
314 314  
315 315  
... ... @@ -346,7 +346,6 @@
346 346   └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
347 347  
348 348  
349 -
350 350  === 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
351 351  
352 352  
... ... @@ -360,7 +360,6 @@
360 360  **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
361 361  
362 362  
363 -
364 364  === 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
365 365  
366 366  
... ... @@ -374,7 +374,6 @@
374 374  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
375 375  
376 376  
377 -
378 378  === 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
379 379  
380 380  
... ... @@ -391,11 +391,9 @@
391 391  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
392 392  
393 393  
394 -
395 395  === 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
396 396  
397 397  
398 -
399 399  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
400 400  
401 401  
... ... @@ -478,7 +478,6 @@
478 478  [[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
479 479  
480 480  
481 -
482 482  === 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
483 483  
484 484  
... ... @@ -504,3 +504,6 @@
504 504  
505 505  
506 506  [[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
668 +
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