Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
<
From version < 77.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2022/11/12 14:50
To version < 117.1 >
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2024/11/05 16:25
>
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoye
1 +XWiki.Kilight
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15 15  * LPS8v2
16 16  * MS20
17 17  
18 +(% style="display:none" %)
19 +
20 +
18 18  = 2.  Development Guide =
19 19  
20 20  
... ... @@ -21,11 +21,9 @@
21 21  For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
22 22  
23 23  
24 -
25 25  == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
26 26  
27 27  
28 -
29 29  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
30 30  
31 31  
... ... @@ -42,7 +42,6 @@
42 42  [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
43 43  
44 44  
45 -
46 46  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
47 47  
48 48  
... ... @@ -62,7 +62,6 @@
62 62  [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
63 63  
64 64  
65 -
66 66  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
67 67  
68 68  
... ... @@ -74,7 +74,6 @@
74 74  [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
75 75  
76 76  
77 -
78 78  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
79 79  
80 80  
... ... @@ -93,93 +93,370 @@
93 93  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
94 94  
95 95  
96 -
97 97  == 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
98 98  
99 99  
100 -== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
97 +**2.2.1 Prepare a USB flash drive/SD card and plug it into the USB port of the gateway.**
101 101  
102 102  
103 -=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
104 104  
105 105  
106 - (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
102 +**2.2.2 Mounting a USB Flash Drive/SD Card in the Linux CLI**
107 107  
108 -~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
109 109  
110 -2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
111 111  
112 -3. //Download the OS image from the **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
113 113  
114 -4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
107 +**2.2.3 Using the dd command, copy Emmc as an img file**
115 115  
116 116  
110 +dd if=/etc/sidmem of=/dev/mmcblk2p2 bs=1M count=1
117 117  
118 -=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
119 119  
120 120  
121 -//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
114 +**2.2.4 Export the img file and follow the steps in 2.3 for burning**
122 122  
123 -//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
124 124  
125 -//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
117 +== 2.3  How to flash a new image(OS) to the gateway(LPS8V2) ==
126 126  
127 127  
120 +Since the gateway has a large system, you need to use the sd card to reflash the system for the gateway
121 +
122 +
123 +//2.3.1: Making an SD card with the new image//
124 +
125 +//2.3.2: Instal the SD card to the gateway//
126 +
127 +//2.3.3: Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card//
128 +
129 +//2.3.4: Finished the process of flash and power cycle the gateway//
130 +
131 +
132 +==== (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//Preparations~://**(%%) ====
133 +
134 +1. Prepare an SD card
135 +1. Prepare a card reader device
136 +1. Download the OS image from the release.image~: **[[draginolps8v2-release-v1.7>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**
137 +1. A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )
138 +1. SD Card [[format>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]] tool
139 +
140 +=== **2.3.1 Making an SD Card with the new image** ===
141 +
142 +
143 +==== Step 1.  Formatting the SD Card ====
144 +
145 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
146 +
147 +
148 +==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
149 +
150 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
151 +
152 +
153 +==== Step 3. Select the target ====
154 +
155 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
156 +
157 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
158 +
159 +
160 +==== Step 4. Flash start ====
161 +
162 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
163 +
164 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
165 +
166 +
167 +
168 +=== **2.3.2 Instal the SD card to the gateway** ===
169 +
170 +1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot
171 +
172 +[[image:image-20230712201032-1.png]]
173 +
174 +
175 +2. Power the gateway with 5V2A, and access the gateway's Ethernet port to your PC
176 +
177 +[[image:image-20230712201458-3.png||height="649" width="832"]]
178 +
179 +
180 +Note: The PWR LED on red
181 +
182 + The  LAN LED blink
183 +
184 + The SYS LED on red
185 +
186 +
187 +
188 +=== **3.2.3 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card(LPS8v2)** ===
189 +
190 +
191 +Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
192 +
193 +
194 +* **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
195 +
196 +Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
197 +
198 +
199 +IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
200 +
201 +Port:  22
202 +
203 +User Name:      (% style="color:blue" %)**root**
204 +
205 +Password:         (% style="color:blue" %)**dragino**(%%) (default)
206 +
207 +//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
208 +
209 +
210 +[[image:image-20230508155357-1.png||height="225" width="634"]]
211 +
212 +
128 128  **Run command:**
129 129  
130 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
215 +draginolps8v2-release-chirpsrtack-v1.7-240725 image :
131 131  
217 +(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-ChirpStack-240725-1.img **
132 132  
133 -[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
219 +draginolps8v2-release-ttnstack-v1.7-240712 image :
134 134  
221 +(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-TTN-231124.img**
135 135  
223 +[[image:image-20241008091850-2.png]]
136 136  
137 -Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
225 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Note: After the flash is completed, please power off the device (run the command halt) and disconnect the power supply, and then unplug the SD card.**
138 138  
139 -[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
140 140  
228 +=== **3.2.4 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card(MS48-LR)** ===
141 141  
142 -[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
143 143  
231 +Download the OS image from the release.image~: **[[MS48-LR-image>>https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/ug25bbwyk6gnqjnsee2m1/dragino-MS48-LR-231124.rar?rlkey=bqva7hkeft0m3haiui5uj12sv&st=ii6mp2g7&dl=0]]**
144 144  
145 145  
146 -Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
234 +Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
147 147  
148 -[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
236 +* **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
149 149  
238 +Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
150 150  
240 +IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
151 151  
242 +Port:  22
243 +
244 +User Name:      **root**
245 +
246 +Password:         **dragino** (default)
247 +
248 +//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
249 +
250 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20230508155357-1.png?rev=1.1&width=634&height=225||alt="image-20230508155357-1.png" height="225" width="634"]]
251 +
252 +**Run command:**
253 +
254 +**nand-sata-install**
255 +
256 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112051-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602112051-1.png"]]
257 +
258 +Select the **"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
259 +
260 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112058-2.png?rev=1.1&width=646&height=292||alt="image-20220602112058-2.png" height="292" width="646"]]
261 +
262 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112106-3.png?rev=1.1&width=643&height=301||alt="image-20220602112106-3.png" height="301" width="643"]]
263 +
264 +Select the **"1  ext4"**
265 +
266 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112113-4.png?rev=1.1&width=642&height=271||alt="image-20220602112113-4.png" height="271" width="642"]]
267 +
152 152  It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
153 153  
154 -[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
270 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112119-5.png?rev=1.1&width=641&height=309||alt="image-20220602112119-5.png" height="309" width="641"]]
155 155  
272 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112125-6.png?rev=1.1&width=640&height=281||alt="image-20220602112125-6.png" height="281" width="640"]]
156 156  
157 -[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
274 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112131-7.png?rev=1.1&width=638&height=241||alt="image-20220602112131-7.png" height="241" width="638"]]
158 158  
276 +**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
159 159  
160 -[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
161 161  
279 +== 2.4 How to extend the gateway size of memory with SD card ==
162 162  
163 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
164 164  
282 +Users can use the SD card slot to expand the gateway memory size by following the steps below
165 165  
166 166  
167 -== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
285 +=== 2.4.1 View SD card information ===
168 168  
287 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
288 +(((
289 +fdisk -l
290 +)))
169 169  
292 +[[image:image-20230831150518-3.png]]
293 +
294 +
295 +=== 2.4.2 Displays the current file system disk usage statistics on Linux systems ===
296 +
297 +
298 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
299 +(((
300 +df -h
301 +)))
302 +
303 +[[image:image-20230831150341-2.png]]
304 +
305 +
306 +=== 2.4.3 Mount SD card ===
307 +
308 +
309 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
310 +(((
311 +mkdir /mnt/sd
312 +
313 +mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/sd
314 +)))
315 +
316 +After the mount is successful to check the file system disk usage on the Linux system again:
317 +
318 +[[image:image-20230831151432-4.png]]
319 +
320 +
321 +If the mount fails, you can format the file system and try the mount again
322 +
323 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
324 +(((
325 +mkfs.ext4 /dev/mmcblk0p1
326 +)))
327 +
328 +== 2.5 Default Built Version ==
329 +
330 +
170 170  [[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
171 171  
172 172  
334 +== 2.6 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
173 173  
174 -= 3. Package Maintain Note =
175 175  
337 +By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
176 176  
177 -== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
339 +[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
178 178  
341 +**If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
179 179  
180 -=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
181 181  
344 +#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
182 182  
346 +[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
347 +
348 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
349 +(((
350 +**npm install -g n**
351 +)))
352 +
353 +
354 +#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
355 +
356 +[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
357 +
358 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
359 +(((
360 +**n lts**
361 +)))
362 +
363 +
364 +#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
365 +
366 +[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
367 +
368 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
369 +(((
370 +**n prune**
371 +)))
372 +
373 +
374 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
375 +(((
376 +**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
377 +)))
378 +
379 +
380 +Check the current version
381 +
382 +[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
383 +
384 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
385 +(((
386 +**node -v**
387 +)))
388 +
389 +
390 +== 2.7 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
391 +
392 +
393 +=== **Grafana:** ===
394 +
395 +
396 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
397 +(((
398 +curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
399 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
400 +apt update && apt install grafana
401 +)))
402 +
403 +
404 +Check the running status:
405 +
406 +
407 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
408 +(((
409 +systemctl status grafana-server
410 +)))
411 +
412 +
413 +configuration path:
414 +
415 +
416 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
417 +(((
418 +/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
419 +)))
420 +
421 +
422 +=== **Influxdb:** ===
423 +
424 +
425 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
426 +(((
427 +curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdata-archive_compat.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
428 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
429 +apt update && apt install influxdb
430 +)))
431 +
432 +
433 +Check the running status:
434 +
435 +
436 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
437 +(((
438 +systemctl status influxdb
439 +)))
440 +
441 +
442 +configuration path:
443 +
444 +
445 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
446 +(((
447 +/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
448 +)))
449 +
450 +
451 += 3.  Package Management =
452 +
453 +== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
454 +
455 +=== 3.1.1  How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
456 +
457 +
183 183  By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
184 184  
185 185  
... ... @@ -224,7 +224,6 @@
224 224  [[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
225 225  
226 226  
227 -
228 228  === 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
229 229  
230 230  
... ... @@ -234,7 +234,6 @@
234 234  [[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
235 235  
236 236  
237 -
238 238  === 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
239 239  
240 240  
... ... @@ -241,10 +241,8 @@
241 241  For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
242 242  
243 243  
244 -
245 245  == 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
246 246  
247 -
248 248  === 3.2.1 Overview ===
249 249  
250 250  
... ... @@ -251,7 +251,6 @@
251 251  Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
252 252  
253 253  
254 -
255 255  === 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
256 256  
257 257  
... ... @@ -258,7 +258,6 @@
258 258  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
259 259  
260 260  
261 -
262 262  === 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
263 263  
264 264  
... ... @@ -295,7 +295,6 @@
295 295   └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
296 296  
297 297  
298 -
299 299  === 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
300 300  
301 301  
... ... @@ -309,7 +309,6 @@
309 309  **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
310 310  
311 311  
312 -
313 313  === 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
314 314  
315 315  
... ... @@ -323,7 +323,6 @@
323 323  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
324 324  
325 325  
326 -
327 327  === 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
328 328  
329 329  
... ... @@ -340,11 +340,9 @@
340 340  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
341 341  
342 342  
343 -
344 344  === 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
345 345  
346 346  
347 -
348 348  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
349 349  
350 350  
... ... @@ -427,7 +427,6 @@
427 427  [[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
428 428  
429 429  
430 -
431 431  === 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
432 432  
433 433  
... ... @@ -453,3 +453,6 @@
453 453  
454 454  
455 455  [[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
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