Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
<
From version < 72.1 >
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2022/09/02 15:56
To version < 114.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2024/10/31 14:19
>
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1 -XWiki.Edwin
1 +XWiki.Xiaoye
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15 15  * LPS8v2
16 16  * MS20
17 17  
18 +(% style="display:none" %)
18 18  
19 19  
20 20  = 2.  Development Guide =
... ... @@ -23,11 +23,9 @@
23 23  For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
24 24  
25 25  
26 -
27 27  == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
28 28  
29 29  
30 -
31 31  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
32 32  
33 33  
... ... @@ -44,7 +44,6 @@
44 44  [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
45 45  
46 46  
47 -
48 48  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
49 49  
50 50  
... ... @@ -64,7 +64,6 @@
64 64  [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
65 65  
66 66  
67 -
68 68  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
69 69  
70 70  
... ... @@ -76,7 +76,6 @@
76 76  [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
77 77  
78 78  
79 -
80 80  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
81 81  
82 82  
... ... @@ -95,87 +95,319 @@
95 95  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
96 96  
97 97  
98 -
99 99  == 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
100 100  
101 101  
102 -== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
97 +**2.2.1 Prepare a USB flash drive/SD card and plug it into the USB port of the gateway.**
103 103  
104 104  
105 -=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
106 106  
107 107  
108 - (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
102 +**2.2.2 Mounting a USB Flash Drive/SD Card in the Linux CLI**
109 109  
110 -~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
111 111  
112 -2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
113 113  
114 -3. //Download the OS image from **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
115 115  
116 -4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
107 +**2.2.3 Using the dd command, copy Emmc as an img file**
117 117  
118 118  
110 +dd if=/etc/sidmem of=/dev/mmcblk2p2 bs=1M count=1
119 119  
120 -=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
121 121  
122 122  
123 -//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
114 +**2.2.4 Export the img file and follow the steps in 2.3 for burning**
124 124  
125 -//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
126 126  
127 -//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
117 +== 2.3  How to flash a new image(OS) to the gateway(LPS8V2) ==
128 128  
129 129  
120 +Since the gateway has a large system, you need to use the sd card to reflash the system for the gateway
121 +
122 +
123 +//2.3.1: Making an SD card with the new image//
124 +
125 +//2.3.2: Instal the SD card to the gateway//
126 +
127 +//2.3.3: Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card//
128 +
129 +//2.3.4: Finished the process of flash and power cycle the gateway//
130 +
131 +
132 +==== (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//Preparations~://**(%%) ====
133 +
134 +1. Prepare an SD card
135 +1. Prepare a card reader device
136 +1. Download the OS image from the release.image~: **[[draginolps8v2-release-v1.7>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**
137 +1. A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )
138 +1. SD Card [[format>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]] tool
139 +
140 +=== **2.3.1 Making an SD Card with the new image** ===
141 +
142 +
143 +==== Step 1.  Formatting the SD Card ====
144 +
145 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
146 +
147 +
148 +==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
149 +
150 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
151 +
152 +
153 +==== Step 3. Select the target ====
154 +
155 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
156 +
157 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
158 +
159 +
160 +==== Step 4. Flash start ====
161 +
162 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
163 +
164 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
165 +
166 +
167 +
168 +=== **2.3.2 Instal the SD card to the gateway** ===
169 +
170 +1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot
171 +
172 +[[image:image-20230712201032-1.png]]
173 +
174 +
175 +2. Power the gateway with 5V2A, and access the gateway's Ethernet port to your PC
176 +
177 +[[image:image-20230712201458-3.png||height="649" width="832"]]
178 +
179 +
180 +Note: The PWR LED on red
181 +
182 + The  LAN LED blink
183 +
184 + The SYS LED on red
185 +
186 +
187 +
188 +=== **3.2.3 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card** ===
189 +
190 +
191 +Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
192 +
193 +
194 +* **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
195 +
196 +Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
197 +
198 +
199 +IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
200 +
201 +Port:  22
202 +
203 +User Name:      (% style="color:blue" %)**root**
204 +
205 +Password:         (% style="color:blue" %)**dragino**(%%) (default)
206 +
207 +//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
208 +
209 +
210 +[[image:image-20230508155357-1.png||height="225" width="634"]]
211 +
212 +
130 130  **Run command:**
131 131  
132 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
215 +draginolps8v2-release-chirpsrtack-v1.7-240725 image :
133 133  
217 +(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-ChirpStack-240725-1.img **
134 134  
135 -[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
219 +draginolps8v2-release-ttnstack-v1.7-240712 image :
136 136  
221 +(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-TTN-231124.img**
137 137  
223 +[[image:image-20241008091850-2.png]]
138 138  
139 -Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
225 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Note: After the flash is completed, please power off the device (run the command halt) and disconnect the power supply, and then unplug the SD card.**
140 140  
141 -[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
142 142  
143 -[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
228 +== 2.4 How to extend the gateway size of memory with SD card ==
144 144  
145 145  
146 -Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
231 +Users can use the SD card slot to expand the gateway memory size by following the steps below
147 147  
148 -[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
149 149  
234 +=== 2.4.1 View SD card information ===
150 150  
236 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
237 +(((
238 +fdisk -l
239 +)))
151 151  
152 -It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
241 +[[image:image-20230831150518-3.png]]
153 153  
154 -[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
155 155  
156 -[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
244 +=== 2.4.2 Displays the current file system disk usage statistics on Linux systems ===
157 157  
158 -[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
159 159  
247 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
248 +(((
249 +df -h
250 +)))
160 160  
161 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
252 +[[image:image-20230831150341-2.png]]
162 162  
163 163  
164 -== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
255 +=== 2.4.3 Mount SD card ===
165 165  
257 +
258 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
259 +(((
260 +mkdir /mnt/sd
261 +
262 +mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/sd
263 +)))
264 +
265 +After the mount is successful to check the file system disk usage on the Linux system again:
266 +
267 +[[image:image-20230831151432-4.png]]
268 +
269 +
270 +If the mount fails, you can format the file system and try the mount again
271 +
272 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
273 +(((
274 +mkfs.ext4 /dev/mmcblk0p1
275 +)))
276 +
277 +== 2.5 Default Built Version ==
278 +
279 +
166 166  [[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
167 167  
168 168  
283 +== 2.6 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
169 169  
170 -= 3. Package Maintain Note =
171 171  
286 +By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
172 172  
173 -== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
288 +[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
174 174  
290 +**If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
175 175  
176 -=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
177 177  
293 +#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
178 178  
295 +[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
296 +
297 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
298 +(((
299 +**npm install -g n**
300 +)))
301 +
302 +
303 +#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
304 +
305 +[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
306 +
307 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
308 +(((
309 +**n lts**
310 +)))
311 +
312 +
313 +#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
314 +
315 +[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
316 +
317 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
318 +(((
319 +**n prune**
320 +)))
321 +
322 +
323 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
324 +(((
325 +**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
326 +)))
327 +
328 +
329 +Check the current version
330 +
331 +[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
332 +
333 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
334 +(((
335 +**node -v**
336 +)))
337 +
338 +
339 +== 2.7 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
340 +
341 +
342 +=== **Grafana:** ===
343 +
344 +
345 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
346 +(((
347 +curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
348 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
349 +apt update && apt install grafana
350 +)))
351 +
352 +
353 +Check the running status:
354 +
355 +
356 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
357 +(((
358 +systemctl status grafana-server
359 +)))
360 +
361 +
362 +configuration path:
363 +
364 +
365 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
366 +(((
367 +/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
368 +)))
369 +
370 +
371 +=== **Influxdb:** ===
372 +
373 +
374 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
375 +(((
376 +curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdata-archive_compat.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
377 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
378 +apt update && apt install influxdb
379 +)))
380 +
381 +
382 +Check the running status:
383 +
384 +
385 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
386 +(((
387 +systemctl status influxdb
388 +)))
389 +
390 +
391 +configuration path:
392 +
393 +
394 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
395 +(((
396 +/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
397 +)))
398 +
399 +
400 += 3.  Package Management =
401 +
402 +== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
403 +
404 +=== 3.1.1  How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
405 +
406 +
179 179  By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
180 180  
181 181  
... ... @@ -184,7 +184,6 @@
184 184  * Devices will check for updates for every boot.
185 185  * Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
186 186  
187 -
188 188  (% style="color:blue" %)**What packages will be checked for updates**?
189 189  
190 190  dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
... ... @@ -204,7 +204,6 @@
204 204  * Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
205 205  * Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
206 206  
207 -
208 208  (% style="color:blue" %)**How to view auto-updated log**
209 209  
210 210  You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)**System ~-~-> Package Management.**
... ... @@ -222,7 +222,6 @@
222 222  [[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
223 223  
224 224  
225 -
226 226  === 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
227 227  
228 228  
... ... @@ -232,7 +232,6 @@
232 232  [[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
233 233  
234 234  
235 -
236 236  === 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
237 237  
238 238  
... ... @@ -239,10 +239,8 @@
239 239  For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
240 240  
241 241  
242 -
243 243  == 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
244 244  
245 -
246 246  === 3.2.1 Overview ===
247 247  
248 248  
... ... @@ -249,7 +249,6 @@
249 249  Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
250 250  
251 251  
252 -
253 253  === 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
254 254  
255 255  
... ... @@ -256,7 +256,6 @@
256 256  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
257 257  
258 258  
259 -
260 260  === 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
261 261  
262 262  
... ... @@ -293,7 +293,6 @@
293 293   └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
294 294  
295 295  
296 -
297 297  === 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
298 298  
299 299  
... ... @@ -307,7 +307,6 @@
307 307  **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
308 308  
309 309  
310 -
311 311  === 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
312 312  
313 313  
... ... @@ -321,7 +321,6 @@
321 321  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
322 322  
323 323  
324 -
325 325  === 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
326 326  
327 327  
... ... @@ -338,11 +338,9 @@
338 338  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
339 339  
340 340  
341 -
342 342  === 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
343 343  
344 344  
345 -
346 346  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
347 347  
348 348  
... ... @@ -425,7 +425,6 @@
425 425  [[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
426 426  
427 427  
428 -
429 429  === 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
430 430  
431 431  
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452 452  
453 453  [[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
454 454  
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