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Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
From version 70.6
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/08/24 10:35
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 114.1
edited by Xiaoye
on 2024/10/31 14:19
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Xiaoye
Content
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15 15  * LPS8v2
16 16  * MS20
17 17  
18 +(% style="display:none" %)
18 18  
20 +
19 19  = 2.  Development Guide =
20 20  
21 21  
... ... @@ -22,11 +22,9 @@
22 22  For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
23 23  
24 24  
25 -
26 26  == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
27 27  
28 28  
29 -
30 30  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
31 31  
32 32  
... ... @@ -43,13 +43,11 @@
43 43  [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
44 44  
45 45  
46 -
47 47  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
48 48  
49 49  
50 50  **After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
51 51  
52 -
53 53  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd:  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c**
54 54  
55 55  
... ... @@ -64,7 +64,6 @@
64 64  [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
65 65  
66 66  
67 -
68 68  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
69 69  
70 70  
... ... @@ -76,7 +76,6 @@
76 76  [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
77 77  
78 78  
79 -
80 80  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
81 81  
82 82  
... ... @@ -95,80 +95,319 @@
95 95  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
96 96  
97 97  
98 -
99 99  == 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
100 100  
101 101  
102 -== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
97 +**2.2.1 Prepare a USB flash drive/SD card and plug it into the USB port of the gateway.**
103 103  
104 104  
105 -=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
106 106  
107 107  
108 - (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
102 +**2.2.2 Mounting a USB Flash Drive/SD Card in the Linux CLI**
109 109  
110 -~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
111 111  
112 -2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
113 113  
114 -3. //Download the OS image from **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
115 115  
116 -4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
107 +**2.2.3 Using the dd command, copy Emmc as an img file**
117 117  
118 118  
110 +dd if=/etc/sidmem of=/dev/mmcblk2p2 bs=1M count=1
119 119  
120 -=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
121 121  
122 122  
123 -//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
114 +**2.2.4 Export the img file and follow the steps in 2.3 for burning**
124 124  
125 -//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
126 126  
127 -//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
117 +== 2.3  How to flash a new image(OS) to the gateway(LPS8V2) ==
128 128  
129 129  
120 +Since the gateway has a large system, you need to use the sd card to reflash the system for the gateway
121 +
122 +
123 +//2.3.1: Making an SD card with the new image//
124 +
125 +//2.3.2: Instal the SD card to the gateway//
126 +
127 +//2.3.3: Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card//
128 +
129 +//2.3.4: Finished the process of flash and power cycle the gateway//
130 +
131 +
132 +==== (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//Preparations~://**(%%) ====
133 +
134 +1. Prepare an SD card
135 +1. Prepare a card reader device
136 +1. Download the OS image from the release.image~: **[[draginolps8v2-release-v1.7>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**
137 +1. A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )
138 +1. SD Card [[format>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]] tool
139 +
140 +=== **2.3.1 Making an SD Card with the new image** ===
141 +
142 +
143 +==== Step 1.  Formatting the SD Card ====
144 +
145 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
146 +
147 +
148 +==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
149 +
150 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
151 +
152 +
153 +==== Step 3. Select the target ====
154 +
155 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
156 +
157 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
158 +
159 +
160 +==== Step 4. Flash start ====
161 +
162 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
163 +
164 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
165 +
166 +
167 +
168 +=== **2.3.2 Instal the SD card to the gateway** ===
169 +
170 +1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot
171 +
172 +[[image:image-20230712201032-1.png]]
173 +
174 +
175 +2. Power the gateway with 5V2A, and access the gateway's Ethernet port to your PC
176 +
177 +[[image:image-20230712201458-3.png||height="649" width="832"]]
178 +
179 +
180 +Note: The PWR LED on red
181 +
182 + The  LAN LED blink
183 +
184 + The SYS LED on red
185 +
186 +
187 +
188 +=== **3.2.3 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card** ===
189 +
190 +
191 +Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
192 +
193 +
194 +* **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
195 +
196 +Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
197 +
198 +
199 +IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
200 +
201 +Port:  22
202 +
203 +User Name:      (% style="color:blue" %)**root**
204 +
205 +Password:         (% style="color:blue" %)**dragino**(%%) (default)
206 +
207 +//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
208 +
209 +
210 +[[image:image-20230508155357-1.png||height="225" width="634"]]
211 +
212 +
130 130  **Run command:**
131 131  
132 -(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
215 +draginolps8v2-release-chirpsrtack-v1.7-240725 image :
133 133  
217 +(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-ChirpStack-240725-1.img **
134 134  
135 -[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
219 +draginolps8v2-release-ttnstack-v1.7-240712 image :
136 136  
221 +(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-TTN-231124.img**
137 137  
138 -Select the "Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC"
223 +[[image:image-20241008091850-2.png]]
139 139  
140 -[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
225 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Note: After the flash is completed, please power off the device (run the command halt) and disconnect the power supply, and then unplug the SD card.**
141 141  
142 -[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
143 143  
228 +== 2.4 How to extend the gateway size of memory with SD card ==
144 144  
145 -Select the "1  ext4"
146 146  
147 -[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
231 +Users can use the SD card slot to expand the gateway memory size by following the steps below
148 148  
149 149  
150 -It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
234 +=== 2.4.1 View SD card information ===
151 151  
152 -[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
236 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
237 +(((
238 +fdisk -l
239 +)))
153 153  
154 -[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
241 +[[image:image-20230831150518-3.png]]
155 155  
156 -[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
157 157  
244 +=== 2.4.2 Displays the current file system disk usage statistics on Linux systems ===
158 158  
159 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
160 160  
247 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
248 +(((
249 +df -h
250 +)))
161 161  
252 +[[image:image-20230831150341-2.png]]
162 162  
163 -= 3. Package Maintain Note =
164 164  
255 +=== 2.4.3 Mount SD card ===
165 165  
166 -== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
167 167  
258 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
259 +(((
260 +mkdir /mnt/sd
168 168  
169 -=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
262 +mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/sd
263 +)))
170 170  
265 +After the mount is successful to check the file system disk usage on the Linux system again:
171 171  
267 +[[image:image-20230831151432-4.png]]
268 +
269 +
270 +If the mount fails, you can format the file system and try the mount again
271 +
272 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
273 +(((
274 +mkfs.ext4 /dev/mmcblk0p1
275 +)))
276 +
277 +== 2.5 Default Built Version ==
278 +
279 +
280 +[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
281 +
282 +
283 +== 2.6 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
284 +
285 +
286 +By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
287 +
288 +[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
289 +
290 +**If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
291 +
292 +
293 +#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
294 +
295 +[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
296 +
297 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
298 +(((
299 +**npm install -g n**
300 +)))
301 +
302 +
303 +#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
304 +
305 +[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
306 +
307 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
308 +(((
309 +**n lts**
310 +)))
311 +
312 +
313 +#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
314 +
315 +[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
316 +
317 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
318 +(((
319 +**n prune**
320 +)))
321 +
322 +
323 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
324 +(((
325 +**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
326 +)))
327 +
328 +
329 +Check the current version
330 +
331 +[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
332 +
333 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
334 +(((
335 +**node -v**
336 +)))
337 +
338 +
339 +== 2.7 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
340 +
341 +
342 +=== **Grafana:** ===
343 +
344 +
345 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
346 +(((
347 +curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
348 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
349 +apt update && apt install grafana
350 +)))
351 +
352 +
353 +Check the running status:
354 +
355 +
356 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
357 +(((
358 +systemctl status grafana-server
359 +)))
360 +
361 +
362 +configuration path:
363 +
364 +
365 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
366 +(((
367 +/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
368 +)))
369 +
370 +
371 +=== **Influxdb:** ===
372 +
373 +
374 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
375 +(((
376 +curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdata-archive_compat.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
377 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
378 +apt update && apt install influxdb
379 +)))
380 +
381 +
382 +Check the running status:
383 +
384 +
385 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
386 +(((
387 +systemctl status influxdb
388 +)))
389 +
390 +
391 +configuration path:
392 +
393 +
394 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
395 +(((
396 +/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
397 +)))
398 +
399 +
400 += 3.  Package Management =
401 +
402 +== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
403 +
404 +=== 3.1.1  How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
405 +
406 +
172 172  By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
173 173  
174 174  
... ... @@ -190,6 +190,7 @@
190 190  draginoups   ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
191 191  
192 192  
428 +
193 193  (% style="color:blue" %)**Location and changelog for packages**:
194 194  
195 195  * Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
... ... @@ -203,25 +203,24 @@
203 203  [[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
204 204  
205 205  
442 +
206 206  (% style="color:blue" %)**Can I disable package-auto-update?**
207 207  
208 -You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:#037691" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
445 +You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
209 209  
210 210  
211 211  [[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
212 212  
213 213  
214 -
215 215  === 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
216 216  
217 217  
218 -You can click the (% style="color:#037691" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
454 +You can click the (% style="color:red" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
219 219  
220 220  
221 221  [[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
222 222  
223 223  
224 -
225 225  === 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
226 226  
227 227  
... ... @@ -228,10 +228,8 @@
228 228  For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
229 229  
230 230  
231 -
232 232  == 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
233 233  
234 -
235 235  === 3.2.1 Overview ===
236 236  
237 237  
... ... @@ -238,7 +238,6 @@
238 238  Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
239 239  
240 240  
241 -
242 242  === 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
243 243  
244 244  
... ... @@ -245,7 +245,6 @@
245 245  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
246 246  
247 247  
248 -
249 249  === 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
250 250  
251 251  
... ... @@ -282,7 +282,6 @@
282 282   └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
283 283  
284 284  
285 -
286 286  === 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
287 287  
288 288  
... ... @@ -296,7 +296,6 @@
296 296  **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
297 297  
298 298  
299 -
300 300  === 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
301 301  
302 302  
... ... @@ -310,11 +310,10 @@
310 310  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
311 311  
312 312  
313 -
314 314  === 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
315 315  
316 316  
317 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Create the generated script:(%%) ====
545 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Create the generated script:**(%%) ====
318 318  
319 319  
320 320  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
... ... @@ -327,29 +327,27 @@
327 327  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
328 328  
329 329  
330 -
331 331  === 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
332 332  
333 333  
561 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
334 334  
335 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Make sure auto-update server has gnupg(%%) ====
336 336  
337 -
338 338  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install gnupg**
339 339  
340 340  
341 341  
342 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)generate gpg key(%%) ====
568 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**generate gpg key**(%%) ====
343 343  
344 344  
345 345  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg -gen-key**
346 346  
347 347  
348 -**((% style="color:red" %)Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address)(%%)**
574 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.**
349 349  
350 350  
351 351  
352 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Check the gen-key(%%) ====
578 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Check the gen-key**(%%) ====
353 353  
354 354  
355 355  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gen -list-key**
... ... @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@
356 356  
357 357  
358 358  
359 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Generate the release.gpg(%%) ====
585 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the release.gpg**(%%) ====
360 360  
361 361  
362 362  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
... ... @@ -368,7 +368,7 @@
368 368  
369 369  
370 370  
371 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Generate the public key(%%) ====
597 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the public key**(%%) ====
372 372  
373 373  
374 374  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>**
... ... @@ -382,16 +382,17 @@
382 382  
383 383  
384 384  
385 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Add the public key(%%) ====
611 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the public key**(%%) ====
386 386  
387 387  
388 388  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/**
389 389  
616 +
390 390  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.**
391 391  
392 392  
393 393  
394 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Add the apt source list(%%) ====
621 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the apt source list**(%%) ====
395 395  
396 396  
397 397  Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
... ... @@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
400 400  
401 401  
402 402  
403 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Validate the apt repository(%%) ====
630 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Validate the apt repository**(%%) ====
404 404  
405 405  
406 406  Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
... ... @@ -413,11 +413,10 @@
413 413  [[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
414 414  
415 415  
416 -
417 417  === 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
418 418  
419 419  
420 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Remove dragino apt source(%%) ====
646 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Remove dragino apt source**(%%) ====
421 421  
422 422  
423 423  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**/etc/apt/sources.list**
... ... @@ -427,7 +427,7 @@
427 427  
428 428  
429 429  
430 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)Set up automatic updates(%%) ====
656 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set up automatic updates**(%%) ====
431 431  
432 432  
433 433  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates**
... ... @@ -440,4 +440,5 @@
440 440  
441 441  [[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
442 442  
669 +
443 443  
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