Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
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From version < 55.1 >
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2022/08/15 10:48
To version < 85.1 >
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2023/01/13 11:49
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1 -XWiki.Edwin
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16 16  * MS20
17 17  
18 18  
19 -
20 20  = 2.  Development Guide =
21 21  
22 22  
23 -For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc
22 +For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
24 24  
25 25  
26 -
27 27  == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
28 28  
29 29  
30 -
31 31  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
32 32  
33 33  
34 -(% style="color:red" %)**Requirements:**
31 +**Requirements:**
35 35  
33 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev(%%)**
34 +
35 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev(%%)**
36 +
37 +
38 +**Run command clone dragino-fwd package: (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git(%%)**
39 +
40 +
41 +[[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
42 +
43 +
44 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
45 +
46 +
47 +**After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
48 +
49 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd:  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c**
50 +
51 +
52 +The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
53 +
54 +[[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
55 +
56 +
57 +
58 +When the compilation is complete a** (% style="color:blue" %)draginofwd-*.deb(%%) **package is generated.
59 +
60 +[[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
61 +
62 +
63 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
64 +
65 +
66 +**Run command:**
67 +
68 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb **
69 +
70 +
71 +[[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
72 +
73 +
74 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
75 +
76 +
77 +**Check the dragino_fwd log:**
78 +
79 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**journalctl -u draginofwd -f**
80 +
81 +
82 +[[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
83 +
84 +
85 +**Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:**
86 +
87 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl start draginofwd**
88 +
89 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
90 +
91 +
92 +== 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
93 +
94 +== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
95 +
96 +=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
97 +
98 +
99 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
100 +
101 +~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
102 +
103 +2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
104 +
105 +3. //Download the OS image from the **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
106 +
107 +4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
108 +
109 +
110 +
111 +=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
112 +
113 +
114 +//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
115 +
116 +//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
117 +
118 +//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
119 +
120 +
121 +**Run command:**
122 +
123 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
124 +
125 +
126 +[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
127 +
128 +
129 +
130 +Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
131 +
132 +[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
133 +
134 +
135 +[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
136 +
137 +
138 +
139 +Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
140 +
141 +[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
142 +
143 +
144 +
145 +It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
146 +
147 +[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
148 +
149 +
150 +[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
151 +
152 +
153 +[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
154 +
155 +
156 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
157 +
158 +
159 +== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
160 +
161 +
162 +[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
163 +
164 +
165 +== 2.5 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
166 +
167 +
168 +By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
169 +
170 +[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
171 +
172 +**If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
173 +
174 +
175 +#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
176 +
177 +[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
178 +
36 36  (% class="box infomessage" %)
37 37  (((
38 -sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev
39 -sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev
181 +**npm install -g n**
40 40  )))
41 41  
42 42  
43 -(% style="color:red" %)**Run command clone dragino-fwd package:**
185 +#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
44 44  
187 +[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
188 +
45 45  (% class="box infomessage" %)
46 46  (((
47 -git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git
191 +**n lts**
48 48  )))
49 49  
50 -[[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
51 51  
195 +#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
52 52  
197 +[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
53 53  
54 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
199 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
200 +(((
201 +**n prune**
202 +)))
55 55  
56 56  
57 -(% style="color:red" %)**After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
205 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
206 +(((
207 +**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
208 +)))
58 58  
210 +
211 +Check the current version
212 +
213 +[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
214 +
59 59  (% class="box infomessage" %)
60 60  (((
61 -Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd：  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c
217 +**node -v**
62 62  )))
63 63  
64 -The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
65 65  
66 -[[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
221 +== 2.6 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
67 67  
68 68  
69 -**When the compilation is complete a draginofwd-*.deb package is generated.**
224 +=== **Grafana:** ===
70 70  
71 -[[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
72 72  
227 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
228 +(((
229 +curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
230 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
231 +apt update && apt install grafana
232 +)))
73 73  
74 74  
75 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
235 +Check the running status:
76 76  
77 77  
78 -(% style="color:red" %)**Run command:**
238 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
239 +(((
240 +systemctl status grafana-server
241 +)))
79 79  
243 +
244 +configuration path:
245 +
246 +
80 80  (% class="box infomessage" %)
81 81  (((
82 -dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb
249 +/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
83 83  )))
84 84  
85 -[[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
86 86  
253 +=== **Influxdb:** ===
87 87  
88 88  
89 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
256 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
257 +(((
258 +curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdb.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
259 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
260 +apt update && apt install influxdb
261 +)))
90 90  
91 91  
92 -Check the dragino_fwd log:
264 +Check the running status:
93 93  
266 +
94 94  (% class="box infomessage" %)
95 95  (((
96 -journalctl -u draginofwd -f
269 +systemctl status influxdb
97 97  )))
98 98  
99 -[[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
100 100  
273 +configuration path:
101 101  
102 -Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:
103 103  
104 104  (% class="box infomessage" %)
105 105  (((
106 -systemctl start draginofwd
107 -systemctl stop draginofwd
278 +/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
108 108  )))
109 109  
281 += 3. How to install ChirpStack =
110 110  
111 111  
112 -== 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
284 += 4. Package Maintain Note =
113 113  
286 +== 4.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
114 114  
288 +=== 4.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
115 115  
116 -== 2.3  How to flash SD card to eMMC ==
117 117  
291 +By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
118 118  
119 - //**Preparations:**//
120 120  
121 -~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
294 +(% style="color:blue" %)**When devices will check for updates**?
122 122  
123 -2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
296 +* Devices will check for updates for every boot.
297 +* Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
124 124  
125 -3. //Download the OS image~: ( Such as **[[dragino-lps8v2-1.5img>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/dragino-lps8v2-1.5.img]]** )//
299 +(% style="color:blue" %)**What packages will be checked for updates**?
126 126  
127 -4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
301 +dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
128 128  
129 -5. //Open the LPS8-V2 shell, and put the SD card into the card slot//
303 +dragino-sid  ~-~- SN write and read tool
130 130  
131 -6. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.
305 +dragino-ui  ~-~- Gateway Web UI package
132 132  
133 -7. Login and run the below command to flash.
307 +draginofwd   ~-~- UDP packet forwarder, LoRa Base Station
134 134  
309 +draginoups   ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
135 135  
136 -(% style="color:red" %)**Run command:**
137 137  
138 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
139 -(((
140 -nand-sata-install
141 -)))
142 142  
143 -[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
313 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Location and changelog for packages**:
144 144  
315 +* Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
316 +* Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
145 145  
146 -Select the "Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC"
318 +(% style="color:blue" %)**How to view auto-updated log**
147 147  
148 -[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
320 +You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)**System ~-~-> Package Management.**
149 149  
150 -[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
151 151  
323 +[[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
152 152  
153 -Select the "1  ext4"
154 154  
155 -[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
156 156  
327 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Can I disable package-auto-update?**
157 157  
158 -It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
329 +You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
159 159  
160 -[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
161 161  
162 -[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
332 +[[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
163 163  
164 -[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
165 165  
166 166  
167 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
336 +=== 4.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
168 168  
169 169  
170 -Init the new Os
339 +You can click the (% style="color:red" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
171 171  
172 172  
173 -Run the command
342 +[[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
174 174  
175 175  
176 -wget -P /tmp/ http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/lps8v2_init.sh && chmod +x /tmp/lps8v2_init.sh && /tmp/lps8v2_init.sh
177 177  
346 +=== 4.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
178 178  
179 -
348 +
349 +For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
350 +
351 +
352 +
353 +== 4.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
354 +
355 +=== 4.2.1 Overview ===
356 +
357 +
358 +Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
359 +
360 +
361 +=== 4.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
362 +
363 +
364 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
365 +
366 +
367 +=== 4.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
368 +
369 +
370 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/(%%)**
371 +
372 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/ -p(%%)**
373 +
374 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/ -p(%%)**
375 +
376 +
377 +**Tree Structure:**
378 +
379 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: If you are not familiar with updating servers, most directory names are not recommended to be changed.**
380 +
381 +
382 +└── debian
383 +
384 + └── release
385 +
386 + ├── dists
387 +
388 + │   └── stable
389 +
390 + │       └── main
391 +
392 + │           └── binary-armhf
393 +
394 + └── pool
395 +
396 + └── main
397 +
398 + └── d
399 +
400 + └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
401 +
402 +
403 +=== 4.2.4 Get deb packages ===
404 +
405 +
406 +The deb packages for auto-update can be placed in** (% style="color:blue" %)/var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
407 +
408 +Below is an example package(testing-0808.deb) for test purpose:
409 +
410 +
411 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/testing-0808.deb(%%)**
412 +
413 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
414 +
415 +
416 +=== 4.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
417 +
418 +
419 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/**
420 +
421 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg-scanpackages pool/ > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages**
422 +
423 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cat dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages | gzip -9 > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages.gz**
424 +
425 +
426 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
427 +
428 +
429 +=== 4.2.6 Generate Release file ===
430 +
431 +
432 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Create the generated script:**(%%) ====
433 +
434 +
435 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
436 +
437 +
438 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh]]**
439 +
440 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**chmod + x ./generate-release.sh**
441 +
442 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
443 +
444 +
445 +=== 4.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
446 +
447 +
448 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
449 +
450 +
451 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install gnupg**
452 +
453 +
454 +
455 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**generate gpg key**(%%) ====
456 +
457 +
458 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg -gen-key**
459 +
460 +
461 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.**
462 +
463 +
464 +
465 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Check the gen-key**(%%) ====
466 +
467 +
468 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gen -list-key**
469 +
470 +
471 +
472 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the release.gpg**(%%) ====
473 +
474 +
475 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
476 +
477 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-detach-sign -o Release.gpg Release**
478 +
479 +
480 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-clearsign -o InRelease Release**
481 +
482 +
483 +
484 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the public key**(%%) ====
485 +
486 +
487 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>**
488 +
489 +
490 +**example: gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output xiao.asc ~-~-export **[[xiaoye@dragino.cc>>mailto:xiaoye@dragino.cc]]
491 +
492 +
493 +
494 +=== 4.2.8 Add url as apt source in LPS8v2 / MS20 ===
495 +
496 +
497 +
498 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the public key**(%%) ====
499 +
500 +
501 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/**
502 +
503 +
504 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.**
505 +
506 +
507 +
508 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the apt source list**(%%) ====
509 +
510 +
511 +Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
512 +
513 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**echo "deb http:~/~/<IP_address or hostname>/debian/release stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/test_server.list**
514 +
515 +
516 +
517 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Validate the apt repository**(%%) ====
518 +
519 +
520 +Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
521 +
522 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt update && apt install testing**
523 +
524 +
525 +Example output:
526 +
527 +[[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
528 +
529 +
530 +=== 4.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
531 +
532 +
533 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Remove dragino apt source**(%%) ====
534 +
535 +
536 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**/etc/apt/sources.list**
537 +
538 +
539 +[[image:1661306460134-112.png]]
540 +
541 +
542 +
543 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set up automatic updates**(%%) ====
544 +
545 +
546 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates**
547 +
548 +
549 +The device performs automatic updates from this script,
550 +
551 +But it will now only look for dragino as a keyword, so you need to replace the keyword dragino with your own keyword.
552 +
553 +
554 +[[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
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