Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
<
From version < 50.1 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/14 11:04
To version < 84.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/11/21 15:10
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13 13  * HP0A
14 14  * HP0C
15 15  * LPS8v2
16 +* MS20
16 16  
17 17  
18 18  
19 -
20 20  = 2.  Development Guide =
21 21  
22 22  
23 -For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc
23 +For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
24 24  
25 25  
26 26  == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
... ... @@ -29,123 +29,525 @@
29 29  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
30 30  
31 31  
32 -(% style="color:red" %)**Requirements:**
32 +**Requirements:**
33 33  
34 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev(%%)**
35 +
36 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev(%%)**
37 +
38 +
39 +**Run command clone dragino-fwd package: (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git(%%)**
40 +
41 +
42 +[[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
43 +
44 +
45 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
46 +
47 +
48 +**After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
49 +
50 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd:  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c**
51 +
52 +
53 +The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
54 +
55 +[[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
56 +
57 +
58 +
59 +When the compilation is complete a** (% style="color:blue" %)draginofwd-*.deb(%%) **package is generated.
60 +
61 +[[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
62 +
63 +
64 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
65 +
66 +
67 +**Run command:**
68 +
69 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb **
70 +
71 +
72 +[[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
73 +
74 +
75 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
76 +
77 +
78 +**Check the dragino_fwd log:**
79 +
80 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**journalctl -u draginofwd -f**
81 +
82 +
83 +[[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
84 +
85 +
86 +**Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:**
87 +
88 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl start draginofwd**
89 +
90 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
91 +
92 +
93 +== 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
94 +
95 +== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
96 +
97 +=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
98 +
99 +
100 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
101 +
102 +~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
103 +
104 +2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
105 +
106 +3. //Download the OS image from the **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
107 +
108 +4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
109 +
110 +
111 +
112 +=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
113 +
114 +
115 +//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
116 +
117 +//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
118 +
119 +//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
120 +
121 +
122 +**Run command:**
123 +
124 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
125 +
126 +
127 +[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
128 +
129 +
130 +
131 +Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
132 +
133 +[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
134 +
135 +
136 +[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
137 +
138 +
139 +
140 +Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
141 +
142 +[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
143 +
144 +
145 +
146 +It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
147 +
148 +[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
149 +
150 +
151 +[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
152 +
153 +
154 +[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
155 +
156 +
157 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
158 +
159 +
160 +== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
161 +
162 +
163 +[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
164 +
165 +
166 +== 2.5 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
167 +
168 +
169 +By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
170 +
171 +[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
172 +
173 +**If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
174 +
175 +
176 +#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
177 +
178 +[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
179 +
34 34  (% class="box infomessage" %)
35 35  (((
36 -sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev
37 -sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev
182 +**npm install -g n**
38 38  )))
39 39  
40 40  
41 -(% style="color:red" %)**Run command clone dragino-fwd package:**
186 +#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
42 42  
188 +[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
189 +
43 43  (% class="box infomessage" %)
44 44  (((
45 -git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git
192 +**n lts**
46 46  )))
47 47  
48 -[[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
49 49  
196 +#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
50 50  
198 +[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
51 51  
52 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
200 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
201 +(((
202 +**n prune**
203 +)))
53 53  
54 54  
55 -(% style="color:red" %)**After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
56 -
57 57  (% class="box infomessage" %)
58 58  (((
59 -Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd：  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c
208 +**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
60 60  )))
61 61  
62 -The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
63 63  
64 -[[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
212 +Check the current version
65 65  
214 +[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
66 66  
67 -**When the compilation is complete a draginofwd-*.deb package is generated.**
216 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
217 +(((
218 +**node -v**
219 +)))
68 68  
69 -[[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
70 70  
222 +== 2.6 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
71 71  
72 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
73 73  
225 +=== **Grafana:** ===
74 74  
75 -(% style="color:red" %)**Run command:**
76 76  
77 77  (% class="box infomessage" %)
78 78  (((
79 -dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb
230 +curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
231 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
232 +apt update && apt install grafana
80 80  )))
81 81  
82 -[[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
83 83  
236 +Check the running status:
84 84  
85 85  
86 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
239 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
240 +(((
241 +systemctl status grafana-server
242 +)))
87 87  
88 88  
89 -Check the dragino_fwd log:
245 +configuration path:
90 90  
247 +
91 91  (% class="box infomessage" %)
92 92  (((
93 -journalctl -u draginofwd -f
250 +/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
94 94  )))
95 95  
96 -[[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
97 97  
254 +=== **Influxdb:** ===
98 98  
99 -Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:
100 100  
101 101  (% class="box infomessage" %)
102 102  (((
103 -systemctl start draginofwd
104 -systemctl stop draginofwd
259 +curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdb.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
260 +echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
261 +apt update && apt install influxdb
105 105  )))
106 106  
107 107  
265 +Check the running status:
108 108  
109 -== 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
110 110  
268 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
269 +(((
270 +systemctl status influxdb
271 +)))
111 111  
112 112  
113 -== 2.3  How to flash SD card to eMMC ==
274 +configuration path:
114 114  
115 115  
116 -(% style="color:red" %)**Run command:**
117 -
118 118  (% class="box infomessage" %)
119 119  (((
120 -nand-sata-install
279 +/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
121 121  )))
122 122  
123 -[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
124 124  
283 += 3. Package Maintain Note =
125 125  
126 -Select the "Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC"
285 +== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
127 127  
128 -[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
287 +=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
129 129  
130 -[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
131 131  
290 +By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
132 132  
133 -Select the "1  ext4"
134 134  
135 -[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
293 +(% style="color:blue" %)**When devices will check for updates**?
136 136  
295 +* Devices will check for updates for every boot.
296 +* Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
137 137  
138 -It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
298 +(% style="color:blue" %)**What packages will be checked for updates**?
139 139  
140 -[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
300 +dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
141 141  
142 -[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
302 +dragino-sid  ~-~- SN write and read tool
143 143  
144 -[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
304 +dragino-ui  ~-~- Gateway Web UI package
145 145  
306 +draginofwd   ~-~- UDP packet forwarder, LoRa Base Station
146 146  
147 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
308 +draginoups   ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
148 148  
149 149  
150 150  
151 -
312 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Location and changelog for packages**:
313 +
314 +* Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
315 +* Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
316 +
317 +(% style="color:blue" %)**How to view auto-updated log**
318 +
319 +You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)**System ~-~-> Package Management.**
320 +
321 +
322 +[[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
323 +
324 +
325 +
326 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Can I disable package-auto-update?**
327 +
328 +You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
329 +
330 +
331 +[[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
332 +
333 +
334 +
335 +=== 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
336 +
337 +
338 +You can click the (% style="color:red" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
339 +
340 +
341 +[[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
342 +
343 +
344 +
345 +=== 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
346 +
347 +
348 +For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
349 +
350 +
351 +
352 +== 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
353 +
354 +=== 3.2.1 Overview ===
355 +
356 +
357 +Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
358 +
359 +
360 +=== 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
361 +
362 +
363 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
364 +
365 +
366 +=== 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
367 +
368 +
369 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/(%%)**
370 +
371 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/ -p(%%)**
372 +
373 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/ -p(%%)**
374 +
375 +
376 +**Tree Structure:**
377 +
378 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: If you are not familiar with updating servers, most directory names are not recommended to be changed.**
379 +
380 +
381 +└── debian
382 +
383 + └── release
384 +
385 + ├── dists
386 +
387 + │   └── stable
388 +
389 + │       └── main
390 +
391 + │           └── binary-armhf
392 +
393 + └── pool
394 +
395 + └── main
396 +
397 + └── d
398 +
399 + └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
400 +
401 +
402 +=== 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
403 +
404 +
405 +The deb packages for auto-update can be placed in** (% style="color:blue" %)/var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
406 +
407 +Below is an example package(testing-0808.deb) for test purpose:
408 +
409 +
410 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/testing-0808.deb(%%)**
411 +
412 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
413 +
414 +
415 +=== 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
416 +
417 +
418 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/**
419 +
420 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg-scanpackages pool/ > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages**
421 +
422 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cat dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages | gzip -9 > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages.gz**
423 +
424 +
425 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
426 +
427 +
428 +=== 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
429 +
430 +
431 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Create the generated script:**(%%) ====
432 +
433 +
434 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
435 +
436 +
437 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh]]**
438 +
439 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**chmod + x ./generate-release.sh**
440 +
441 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
442 +
443 +
444 +=== 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
445 +
446 +
447 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
448 +
449 +
450 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install gnupg**
451 +
452 +
453 +
454 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**generate gpg key**(%%) ====
455 +
456 +
457 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg -gen-key**
458 +
459 +
460 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.**
461 +
462 +
463 +
464 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Check the gen-key**(%%) ====
465 +
466 +
467 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gen -list-key**
468 +
469 +
470 +
471 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the release.gpg**(%%) ====
472 +
473 +
474 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
475 +
476 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-detach-sign -o Release.gpg Release**
477 +
478 +
479 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-clearsign -o InRelease Release**
480 +
481 +
482 +
483 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the public key**(%%) ====
484 +
485 +
486 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>**
487 +
488 +
489 +**example: gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output xiao.asc ~-~-export **[[xiaoye@dragino.cc>>mailto:xiaoye@dragino.cc]]
490 +
491 +
492 +
493 +=== 3.2.8 Add url as apt source in LPS8v2 / MS20 ===
494 +
495 +
496 +
497 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the public key**(%%) ====
498 +
499 +
500 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/**
501 +
502 +
503 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.**
504 +
505 +
506 +
507 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the apt source list**(%%) ====
508 +
509 +
510 +Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
511 +
512 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**echo "deb http:~/~/<IP_address or hostname>/debian/release stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/test_server.list**
513 +
514 +
515 +
516 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Validate the apt repository**(%%) ====
517 +
518 +
519 +Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
520 +
521 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt update && apt install testing**
522 +
523 +
524 +Example output:
525 +
526 +[[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
527 +
528 +
529 +=== 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
530 +
531 +
532 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Remove dragino apt source**(%%) ====
533 +
534 +
535 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**/etc/apt/sources.list**
536 +
537 +
538 +[[image:1661306460134-112.png]]
539 +
540 +
541 +
542 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set up automatic updates**(%%) ====
543 +
544 +
545 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates**
546 +
547 +
548 +The device performs automatic updates from this script,
549 +
550 +But it will now only look for dragino as a keyword, so you need to replace the keyword dragino with your own keyword.
551 +
552 +
553 +[[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
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