Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
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From version < 26.1 >
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2022/06/02 11:59
To version < 67.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/08/24 09:53
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2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 -= Overview =
6 6  
6 +
7 +
8 += 1.  Overview =
9 +
10 +
7 7  This is a general instruction for the use of Armbian base OS of Dragino devices. Current models include:
8 8  
9 9  * HP0A
10 10  * HP0C
11 11  * LPS8v2
16 +* MS20
12 12  
13 -= Development Guide =
18 += 2.  Development Guide =
14 14  
20 +
15 15  For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc
16 16  
17 17  
18 -= Advance =
19 19  
20 -== SSH Access for Linux console ==
25 +== 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
21 21  
22 -Connect the HP0C Ethernet port to your router and HP0C will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the HP0C. You can use this IP to connect the SSH access of HP0C.
23 23  
24 -IP address:  IP address of HP0C
25 25  
26 -Port:         22
29 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
27 27  
28 -User Name:      **root**
29 29  
30 -Password:  **draginohp** (default)
32 +(% style="color:red" %)**Requirements:**
31 31  
32 -After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
33 -
34 -
35 -== How to flash SD card to eMMC ==
36 -
37 -
38 -Run command:
39 -
40 40  (% class="box infomessage" %)
41 41  (((
42 -nand-sata-install
36 +sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev
37 +sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev
43 43  )))
44 44  
45 -[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
46 46  
47 -**Select the "Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC"**
41 +(% style="color:red" %)**Run command clone dragino-fwd package:**
48 48  
49 -[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
50 -
51 -[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
52 -
53 -
54 -**Select the "1  ext4"**
55 -
56 -[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
57 -
58 -
59 -**It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC**
60 -
61 -[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
62 -
63 -[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
64 -
65 -[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
66 -
67 -
68 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card**
69 -
70 -== How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
71 -
72 -=== Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package ===
73 -
74 -
75 -Run command clone dragino-fwd package:
76 -
77 77  (% class="box infomessage" %)
78 78  (((
79 79  git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git
... ... @@ -82,14 +82,14 @@
82 82  [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
83 83  
84 84  
85 -=== Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd ===
86 86  
52 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
87 87  
88 -After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:
89 89  
55 +(% style="color:red" %)**After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
56 +
90 90  (% class="box infomessage" %)
91 91  (((
92 -Compile HP0D/rasspberrypi fwd：  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh d
93 93  Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd：  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c
94 94  )))
95 95  
... ... @@ -103,11 +103,12 @@
103 103  [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
104 104  
105 105  
106 -=== Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd ===
107 107  
73 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
108 108  
109 -Run command:
110 110  
76 +(% style="color:red" %)**Run command:**
77 +
111 111  (% class="box infomessage" %)
112 112  (((
113 113  dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb
... ... @@ -116,9 +116,10 @@
116 116  [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
117 117  
118 118  
119 -=== Step 4. Test ===
120 120  
87 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
121 121  
89 +
122 122  Check the dragino_fwd log:
123 123  
124 124  (% class="box infomessage" %)
... ... @@ -128,6 +128,7 @@
128 128  
129 129  [[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
130 130  
99 +
131 131  Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:
132 132  
133 133  (% class="box infomessage" %)
... ... @@ -137,4 +137,334 @@
137 137  )))
138 138  
139 139  
109 +
110 +== 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
111 +
112 +
113 +
114 +== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
115 +
116 +
117 +=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
118 +
119 +
120 + //**Preparations:**//
121 +
122 +~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
123 +
124 +2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
125 +
126 +3. //Download the OS image from **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
127 +
128 +4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
129 +
130 +
131 +
132 +=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
133 +
134 +
135 +//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
136 +
137 +//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
138 +
139 +//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
140 +
141 +
142 +(% style="color:red" %)**Run command:**
143 +
144 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
145 +(((
146 +nand-sata-install
147 +)))
148 +
149 +[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
150 +
151 +
152 +Select the "Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC"
153 +
154 +[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
155 +
156 +[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
157 +
158 +
159 +Select the "1  ext4"
160 +
161 +[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
162 +
163 +
164 +It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
165 +
166 +[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
167 +
168 +[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
169 +
170 +[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
171 +
172 +
173 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
174 +
175 +
176 +
177 += 3. Package Maintain Note =
178 +
179 +
180 +== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
181 +
182 +
183 +=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
184 +
185 +
186 +By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
187 +
188 +
189 +(% style="color:blue" %)**When devices will check for updates**?
190 +
191 +* Devices will check for updates for every boot.
192 +* Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
193 +
194 +(% style="color:blue" %)**What packages will be checked for updates**?
195 +
196 +dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
197 +
198 +dragino-sid  ~-~- SN write and read tool
199 +
200 +dragino-ui  ~-~- Gateway Web UI package
201 +
202 +draginofwd   ~-~- UDP packet forwarder, LoRa Base Station
203 +
204 +draginoups   ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
205 +
206 +
207 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Location and changelog for packages**:
208 +
209 +* Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
210 +* Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
211 +
212 +(% style="color:blue" %)**How to view auto-updated log**
213 +
214 +You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)**System ~-~-> Package Management.**
215 +
216 +
217 +[[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
218 +
219 +
220 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Can I disable package-auto-update?**
221 +
222 +You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:#037691" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
223 +
224 +
225 +[[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
226 +
227 +
228 +
229 +=== 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
230 +
231 +
232 +You can click the (% style="color:#037691" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
233 +
234 +
235 +[[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
236 +
237 +
238 +
239 +=== 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
240 +
241 +
242 +For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
243 +
244 +
245 +
246 +== 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
247 +
248 +
249 +=== 3.2.1 Overview ===
250 +
251 +
252 +Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
253 +
254 +
255 +
256 +=== 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
257 +
258 +
259 +(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**apt install apache2**
260 +
261 +
262 +
263 +=== 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
264 +
265 +
266 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow" %)cd /var/www/html/(%%)**
267 +
268 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow" %)mkdir debian/release/dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/ -p(%%)**
269 +
270 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow" %)mkdir debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/ -p(%%)**
271 +
272 +
273 +**Tree Structure:**
274 +
275 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: If you are not familiar with updating servers, most directory names are not recommended to be changed.**
276 +
277 +
278 +└── debian
279 +
280 + └── release
281 +
282 + ├── dists
283 +
284 + │   └── stable
285 +
286 + │       └── main
287 +
288 + │           └── binary-armhf
289 +
290 + └── pool
291 +
292 + └── main
293 +
294 + └── d
295 +
296 + └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
297 +
298 +
299 +
300 +=== 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
301 +
302 +
303 +The deb packages for auto-update can be placed in** (% style="color:blue" %)/var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
304 +
305 +Below is an example package(testing-0808.deb) for test purpose:
306 +
307 +
308 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow" %)wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/testing-0808.deb(%%)**
309 +
310 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
311 +
312 +
313 +
314 +=== 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
315 +
316 +
317 +(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/**
318 +
319 +(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**dpkg-scanpackages pool/ > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages**
320 +
321 +(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**cat dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages | gzip -9 > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages.gz**
322 +
323 +
324 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
325 +
326 +
327 +
328 +=== 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
329 +
330 +
331 +==== Create the generated script: ====
332 +
333 +
334 +cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable
335 +
336 +
337 +wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh]]
338 +
339 +chmod + x ./generate-release.sh
340 +
341 +./generate-release.sh > Release
342 +
343 +
344 +
345 +=== 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
346 +
347 +
348 +==== Make sure auto-update server has gnupg ====
349 +
350 +apt install gnupg
351 +
352 +==== generate gpg key ====
353 +
354 +gpg -gen-key
355 +
356 +
357 +**((% style="color:red" %)Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address)(%%)**
358 +
359 +
360 +==== Check the gen-key ====
361 +
362 +gen -list-key
363 +
364 +
365 +==== Generate the release.gpg ====
366 +
367 +cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable
368 +
369 +gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-detach-sign -o Release.gpg Release
370 +
371 +
372 +gpg ~-~-clearsign -o InRelease Release
373 +
374 +
375 +
376 +
377 +==== Generate the public key ====
378 +
379 +
380 +gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>
381 +
382 +**example: gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output xiao.asc ~-~-export **[[xiaoye@dragino.cc>>mailto:xiaoye@dragino.cc]]
383 +
384 +
385 +
386 +
387 +=== 3.2.8 Add url as apt source in LPS8v2 / MS20 ===
388 +
389 +==== Add the public key ====
390 +
391 +cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/
392 +
393 +(% style="color:red" %)Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.
394 +
395 +
396 +==== Add the apt source list ====
397 +
398 +Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
399 +
400 +echo "deb http:~/~/<IP_address or hostname>/debian/release stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/test_server.list
401 +
402 +
403 +==== Validate the apt repository ====
404 +
405 +Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
406 +
407 +apt update && apt install testing
408 +
409 +Example output:
410 +
411 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.jpg]]
412 +
413 +
414 +
415 +
416 +=== 3.2.9 Configure the gateway‘s auto-upgrade rules ===
417 +
418 +==== Remove dragino apt source ====
419 +
420 +/etc/apt/sources.list
421 +
422 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.jpg]]
423 +
424 +
425 +
426 +
427 +
428 +==== Set up automatic updates ====
429 +
430 +Path :/usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates
431 +
432 +
433 +The device performs automatic updates from this script,
434 +
435 +But it will now only look for dragino as a keyword, so you need to replace the keyword dragino with your own keyword.
436 +
437 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.jpg]]
438 +
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