Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
<
From version < 120.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2024/11/07 10:11
To version < 84.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2022/11/21 11:22
>
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... ... @@ -15,9 +15,6 @@
15 15  * LPS8v2
16 16  * MS20
17 17  
18 -(% style="display:none" %)
19 -
20 -
21 21  = 2.  Development Guide =
22 22  
23 23  
... ... @@ -24,9 +24,11 @@
24 24  For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
25 25  
26 26  
24 +
27 27  == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
28 28  
29 29  
28 +
30 30  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
31 31  
32 32  
... ... @@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
43 43  [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
44 44  
45 45  
45 +
46 46  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
47 47  
48 48  
... ... @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
62 62  [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
63 63  
64 64  
65 +
65 65  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
66 66  
67 67  
... ... @@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
73 73  [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
74 74  
75 75  
77 +
76 76  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
77 77  
78 78  
... ... @@ -91,253 +91,87 @@
91 91  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
92 92  
93 93  
96 +
94 94  == 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
95 95  
96 96  
97 -**2.2.1 Prepare a USB flash drive/SD card and plug it into the USB port of the gateway.**
100 +== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
98 98  
99 99  
100 -**2.2.2 Mounting a USB Flash Drive/SD Card in the Linux CLI**
103 +=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
101 101  
102 102  
103 -(% id="cke_bm_13244S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20241107100929-2.png||height="208" width="669"]]
106 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
104 104  
105 -mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/
108 +~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
106 106  
110 +2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
107 107  
108 -**2.2.3 Using the dd command, copy Emmc as an img file**
112 +3. //Download the OS image from the **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
109 109  
114 +4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
110 110  
111 -[[image:image-20241107100901-1.png||height="269" width="994"]]
112 112  
113 113  
114 -dd if=/dev/mmcblk2 of=/mnt/custom.img bs=1M count=3686 status=progress
118 +=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
115 115  
116 116  
117 -**2.2.4 Export the img file and follow the steps in 2.3 for burning**
121 +//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
118 118  
123 +//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
119 119  
125 +//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
120 120  
121 -== 2.3  How to flash a new image(OS) to the gateway(LPS8V2) ==
122 122  
123 -
124 -Since the gateway has a large system, you need to use the sd card to reflash the system for the gateway
125 -
126 -
127 -//2.3.1: Making an SD card with the new image//
128 -
129 -//2.3.2: Instal the SD card to the gateway//
130 -
131 -//2.3.3: Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card//
132 -
133 -//2.3.4: Finished the process of flash and power cycle the gateway//
134 -
135 -
136 -==== (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//Preparations~://**(%%) ====
137 -
138 -1. Prepare an SD card
139 -1. Prepare a card reader device
140 -1. Download the OS image from the release.image~: **[[draginolps8v2-release-v1.7>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**
141 -1. A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )
142 -1. SD Card [[format>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]] tool
143 -
144 -=== **2.3.1 Making an SD Card with the new image** ===
145 -
146 -
147 -==== Step 1.  Formatting the SD Card ====
148 -
149 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
150 -
151 -
152 -==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
153 -
154 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
155 -
156 -
157 -==== Step 3. Select the target ====
158 -
159 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
160 -
161 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
162 -
163 -
164 -==== Step 4. Flash start ====
165 -
166 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
167 -
168 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
169 -
170 -
171 -
172 -=== **2.3.2 Instal the SD card to the gateway** ===
173 -
174 -1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot
175 -
176 -[[image:image-20230712201032-1.png]]
177 -
178 -
179 -2. Power the gateway with 5V2A, and access the gateway's Ethernet port to your PC
180 -
181 -[[image:image-20230712201458-3.png||height="649" width="832"]]
182 -
183 -
184 -Note: The PWR LED on red
185 -
186 - The  LAN LED blink
187 -
188 - The SYS LED on red
189 -
190 -
191 -
192 -=== **3.2.3 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card(LPS8v2)** ===
193 -
194 -
195 -Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
196 -
197 -
198 -* **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
199 -
200 -Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
201 -
202 -
203 -IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
204 -
205 -Port:  22
206 -
207 -User Name:      (% style="color:blue" %)**root**
208 -
209 -Password:         (% style="color:blue" %)**dragino**(%%) (default)
210 -
211 -//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
212 -
213 -
214 -[[image:image-20230508155357-1.png||height="225" width="634"]]
215 -
216 -
217 217  **Run command:**
218 218  
219 -draginolps8v2-release-chirpsrtack-v1.7-240725 image :
130 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
220 220  
221 -(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-ChirpStack-240725-1.img **
222 222  
223 -draginolps8v2-release-ttnstack-v1.7-240712 image :
133 +[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
224 224  
225 -(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-TTN-231124.img**
226 226  
227 -[[image:image-20241008091850-2.png]]
228 228  
229 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Note: After the flash is completed, please power off the device (run the command halt) and disconnect the power supply, and then unplug the SD card.**
137 +Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
230 230  
139 +[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
231 231  
232 -=== **3.2.4 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card(MS48-LR)** ===
233 233  
142 +[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
234 234  
235 -Download the OS image from the release.image~: **[[MS48-LR-image>>https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/ug25bbwyk6gnqjnsee2m1/dragino-MS48-LR-231124.rar?rlkey=bqva7hkeft0m3haiui5uj12sv&st=ii6mp2g7&dl=0]]**
236 236  
237 237  
238 -Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
146 +Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
239 239  
240 -* **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
148 +[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
241 241  
242 -Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
243 243  
244 -IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
245 245  
246 -Port:  22
247 -
248 -User Name:      **root**
249 -
250 -Password:         **dragino** (default)
251 -
252 -//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
253 -
254 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20230508155357-1.png?rev=1.1&width=634&height=225||alt="image-20230508155357-1.png" height="225" width="634"]]
255 -
256 -**Run command:**
257 -
258 -**nand-sata-install**
259 -
260 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112051-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602112051-1.png"]]
261 -
262 -Select the **"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
263 -
264 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112058-2.png?rev=1.1&width=646&height=292||alt="image-20220602112058-2.png" height="292" width="646"]]
265 -
266 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112106-3.png?rev=1.1&width=643&height=301||alt="image-20220602112106-3.png" height="301" width="643"]]
267 -
268 -Select the **"1  ext4"**
269 -
270 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112113-4.png?rev=1.1&width=642&height=271||alt="image-20220602112113-4.png" height="271" width="642"]]
271 -
272 272  It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
273 273  
274 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112119-5.png?rev=1.1&width=641&height=309||alt="image-20220602112119-5.png" height="309" width="641"]]
154 +[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
275 275  
276 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112125-6.png?rev=1.1&width=640&height=281||alt="image-20220602112125-6.png" height="281" width="640"]]
277 277  
278 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/downloadrev/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/WebHome/image-20220602112131-7.png?rev=1.1&width=638&height=241||alt="image-20220602112131-7.png" height="241" width="638"]]
157 +[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
279 279  
280 -**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
281 281  
160 +[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
282 282  
283 -== 2.4 How to extend the gateway size of memory with SD card ==
284 284  
163 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
285 285  
286 -Users can use the SD card slot to expand the gateway memory size by following the steps below
287 287  
288 288  
289 -=== 2.4.1 View SD card information ===
167 +== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
290 290  
291 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
292 -(((
293 -fdisk -l
294 -)))
295 295  
296 -[[image:image-20230831150518-3.png]]
297 -
298 -
299 -=== 2.4.2 Displays the current file system disk usage statistics on Linux systems ===
300 -
301 -
302 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
303 -(((
304 -df -h
305 -)))
306 -
307 -[[image:image-20230831150341-2.png]]
308 -
309 -
310 -=== 2.4.3 Mount SD card ===
311 -
312 -
313 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
314 -(((
315 -mkdir /mnt/sd
316 -
317 -mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/sd
318 -)))
319 -
320 -After the mount is successful to check the file system disk usage on the Linux system again:
321 -
322 -[[image:image-20230831151432-4.png]]
323 -
324 -
325 -If the mount fails, you can format the file system and try the mount again
326 -
327 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
328 -(((
329 -mkfs.ext4 /dev/mmcblk0p1
330 -)))
331 -
332 -== 2.5 Default Built Version ==
333 -
334 -
335 335  [[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
336 336  
337 337  
338 -== 2.6 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
339 339  
174 +== 2.5: How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
340 340  
176 +
341 341  By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
342 342  
343 343  [[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
... ... @@ -391,9 +391,10 @@
391 391  )))
392 392  
393 393  
394 -== 2.7 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
395 395  
231 +== 2.6 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
396 396  
233 +
397 397  === **Grafana:** ===
398 398  
399 399  
... ... @@ -428,7 +428,7 @@
428 428  
429 429  (% class="box infomessage" %)
430 430  (((
431 -curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdata-archive_compat.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
268 +curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdb.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
432 432  echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
433 433  apt update && apt install influxdb
434 434  )))
... ... @@ -452,13 +452,15 @@
452 452  )))
453 453  
454 454  
455 -= 3.  Package Management =
292 += 3. Package Maintain Note =
456 456  
294 +
457 457  == 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
458 458  
459 -=== 3.1.1  How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
460 460  
298 +=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
461 461  
300 +
462 462  By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
463 463  
464 464  
... ... @@ -503,6 +503,7 @@
503 503  [[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
504 504  
505 505  
345 +
506 506  === 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
507 507  
508 508  
... ... @@ -512,6 +512,7 @@
512 512  [[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
513 513  
514 514  
355 +
515 515  === 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
516 516  
517 517  
... ... @@ -518,8 +518,10 @@
518 518  For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
519 519  
520 520  
362 +
521 521  == 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
522 522  
365 +
523 523  === 3.2.1 Overview ===
524 524  
525 525  
... ... @@ -526,6 +526,7 @@
526 526  Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
527 527  
528 528  
372 +
529 529  === 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
530 530  
531 531  
... ... @@ -532,6 +532,7 @@
532 532  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
533 533  
534 534  
379 +
535 535  === 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
536 536  
537 537  
... ... @@ -568,6 +568,7 @@
568 568   └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
569 569  
570 570  
416 +
571 571  === 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
572 572  
573 573  
... ... @@ -581,6 +581,7 @@
581 581  **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
582 582  
583 583  
430 +
584 584  === 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
585 585  
586 586  
... ... @@ -594,6 +594,7 @@
594 594  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
595 595  
596 596  
444 +
597 597  === 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
598 598  
599 599  
... ... @@ -610,9 +610,11 @@
610 610  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
611 611  
612 612  
461 +
613 613  === 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
614 614  
615 615  
465 +
616 616  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
617 617  
618 618  
... ... @@ -695,6 +695,7 @@
695 695  [[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
696 696  
697 697  
548 +
698 698  === 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
699 699  
700 700  
... ... @@ -720,6 +720,3 @@
720 720  
721 721  
722 722  [[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
723 -
724 -
725 -
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