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Changes for page Armbian OS instruction

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/02/26 08:18
From version 114.1
edited by Xiaoye
on 2024/10/31 14:19
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 70.6
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/08/24 10:35
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoye
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Content
... ... @@ -15,9 +15,7 @@
15 15  * LPS8v2
16 16  * MS20
17 17  
18 -(% style="display:none" %)
19 19  
20 -
21 21  = 2.  Development Guide =
22 22  
23 23  
... ... @@ -24,9 +24,11 @@
24 24  For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
25 25  
26 26  
25 +
27 27  == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
28 28  
29 29  
29 +
30 30  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
31 31  
32 32  
... ... @@ -43,11 +43,13 @@
43 43  [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
44 44  
45 45  
46 +
46 46  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
47 47  
48 48  
49 49  **After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
50 50  
52 +
51 51  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd:  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c**
52 52  
53 53  
... ... @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
62 62  [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
63 63  
64 64  
67 +
65 65  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
66 66  
67 67  
... ... @@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
73 73  [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
74 74  
75 75  
79 +
76 76  === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
77 77  
78 78  
... ... @@ -91,319 +91,80 @@
91 91  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
92 92  
93 93  
98 +
94 94  == 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
95 95  
96 96  
97 -**2.2.1 Prepare a USB flash drive/SD card and plug it into the USB port of the gateway.**
102 +== 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
98 98  
99 99  
105 +=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
100 100  
101 101  
102 -**2.2.2 Mounting a USB Flash Drive/SD Card in the Linux CLI**
108 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
103 103  
110 +~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
104 104  
112 +2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
105 105  
114 +3. //Download the OS image from **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
106 106  
107 -**2.2.3 Using the dd command, copy Emmc as an img file**
116 +4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
108 108  
109 109  
110 -dd if=/etc/sidmem of=/dev/mmcblk2p2 bs=1M count=1
111 111  
120 +=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
112 112  
113 113  
114 -**2.2.4 Export the img file and follow the steps in 2.3 for burning**
123 +//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
115 115  
125 +//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
116 116  
117 -== 2.3  How to flash a new image(OS) to the gateway(LPS8V2) ==
127 +//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
118 118  
119 119  
120 -Since the gateway has a large system, you need to use the sd card to reflash the system for the gateway
121 -
122 -
123 -//2.3.1: Making an SD card with the new image//
124 -
125 -//2.3.2: Instal the SD card to the gateway//
126 -
127 -//2.3.3: Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card//
128 -
129 -//2.3.4: Finished the process of flash and power cycle the gateway//
130 -
131 -
132 -==== (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//Preparations~://**(%%) ====
133 -
134 -1. Prepare an SD card
135 -1. Prepare a card reader device
136 -1. Download the OS image from the release.image~: **[[draginolps8v2-release-v1.7>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**
137 -1. A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )
138 -1. SD Card [[format>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]] tool
139 -
140 -=== **2.3.1 Making an SD Card with the new image** ===
141 -
142 -
143 -==== Step 1.  Formatting the SD Card ====
144 -
145 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
146 -
147 -
148 -==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
149 -
150 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
151 -
152 -
153 -==== Step 3. Select the target ====
154 -
155 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
156 -
157 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
158 -
159 -
160 -==== Step 4. Flash start ====
161 -
162 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
163 -
164 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
165 -
166 -
167 -
168 -=== **2.3.2 Instal the SD card to the gateway** ===
169 -
170 -1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot
171 -
172 -[[image:image-20230712201032-1.png]]
173 -
174 -
175 -2. Power the gateway with 5V2A, and access the gateway's Ethernet port to your PC
176 -
177 -[[image:image-20230712201458-3.png||height="649" width="832"]]
178 -
179 -
180 -Note: The PWR LED on red
181 -
182 - The  LAN LED blink
183 -
184 - The SYS LED on red
185 -
186 -
187 -
188 -=== **3.2.3 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card** ===
189 -
190 -
191 -Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
192 -
193 -
194 -* **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
195 -
196 -Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
197 -
198 -
199 -IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
200 -
201 -Port:  22
202 -
203 -User Name:      (% style="color:blue" %)**root**
204 -
205 -Password:         (% style="color:blue" %)**dragino**(%%) (default)
206 -
207 -//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
208 -
209 -
210 -[[image:image-20230508155357-1.png||height="225" width="634"]]
211 -
212 -
213 213  **Run command:**
214 214  
215 -draginolps8v2-release-chirpsrtack-v1.7-240725 image :
132 +(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
216 216  
217 -(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-ChirpStack-240725-1.img **
218 218  
219 -draginolps8v2-release-ttnstack-v1.7-240712 image :
135 +[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
220 220  
221 -(% style="background-color:#ffff00; color:#008000" %)** flash_emmc /usr/local/image/dragino-LPS8V2-TTN-231124.img**
222 222  
223 -[[image:image-20241008091850-2.png]]
138 +Select the "Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC"
224 224  
225 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Note: After the flash is completed, please power off the device (run the command halt) and disconnect the power supply, and then unplug the SD card.**
140 +[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
226 226  
142 +[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
227 227  
228 -== 2.4 How to extend the gateway size of memory with SD card ==
229 229  
145 +Select the "1  ext4"
230 230  
231 -Users can use the SD card slot to expand the gateway memory size by following the steps below
147 +[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
232 232  
233 233  
234 -=== 2.4.1 View SD card information ===
150 +It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
235 235  
236 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
237 -(((
238 -fdisk -l
239 -)))
152 +[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
240 240  
241 -[[image:image-20230831150518-3.png]]
154 +[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
242 242  
156 +[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
243 243  
244 -=== 2.4.2 Displays the current file system disk usage statistics on Linux systems ===
245 245  
159 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
246 246  
247 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
248 -(((
249 -df -h
250 -)))
251 251  
252 -[[image:image-20230831150341-2.png]]
253 253  
163 += 3. Package Maintain Note =
254 254  
255 -=== 2.4.3 Mount SD card ===
256 256  
257 -
258 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
259 -(((
260 -mkdir /mnt/sd
261 -
262 -mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/sd
263 -)))
264 -
265 -After the mount is successful to check the file system disk usage on the Linux system again:
266 -
267 -[[image:image-20230831151432-4.png]]
268 -
269 -
270 -If the mount fails, you can format the file system and try the mount again
271 -
272 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
273 -(((
274 -mkfs.ext4 /dev/mmcblk0p1
275 -)))
276 -
277 -== 2.5 Default Built Version ==
278 -
279 -
280 -[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
281 -
282 -
283 -== 2.6 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
284 -
285 -
286 -By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
287 -
288 -[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
289 -
290 -**If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
291 -
292 -
293 -#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
294 -
295 -[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
296 -
297 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
298 -(((
299 -**npm install -g n**
300 -)))
301 -
302 -
303 -#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
304 -
305 -[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
306 -
307 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
308 -(((
309 -**n lts**
310 -)))
311 -
312 -
313 -#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
314 -
315 -[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
316 -
317 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
318 -(((
319 -**n prune**
320 -)))
321 -
322 -
323 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
324 -(((
325 -**apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
326 -)))
327 -
328 -
329 -Check the current version
330 -
331 -[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
332 -
333 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
334 -(((
335 -**node -v**
336 -)))
337 -
338 -
339 -== 2.7 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
340 -
341 -
342 -=== **Grafana:** ===
343 -
344 -
345 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
346 -(((
347 -curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
348 -echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
349 -apt update && apt install grafana
350 -)))
351 -
352 -
353 -Check the running status:
354 -
355 -
356 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
357 -(((
358 -systemctl status grafana-server
359 -)))
360 -
361 -
362 -configuration path:
363 -
364 -
365 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
366 -(((
367 -/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
368 -)))
369 -
370 -
371 -=== **Influxdb:** ===
372 -
373 -
374 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
375 -(((
376 -curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdata-archive_compat.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
377 -echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
378 -apt update && apt install influxdb
379 -)))
380 -
381 -
382 -Check the running status:
383 -
384 -
385 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
386 -(((
387 -systemctl status influxdb
388 -)))
389 -
390 -
391 -configuration path:
392 -
393 -
394 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
395 -(((
396 -/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
397 -)))
398 -
399 -
400 -= 3.  Package Management =
401 -
402 402  == 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
403 403  
404 -=== 3.1.1  How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
405 405  
169 +=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
406 406  
171 +
407 407  By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
408 408  
409 409  
... ... @@ -425,7 +425,6 @@
425 425  draginoups   ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
426 426  
427 427  
428 -
429 429  (% style="color:blue" %)**Location and changelog for packages**:
430 430  
431 431  * Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
... ... @@ -439,24 +439,25 @@
439 439  [[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
440 440  
441 441  
442 -
443 443  (% style="color:blue" %)**Can I disable package-auto-update?**
444 444  
445 -You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
208 +You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:#037691" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
446 446  
447 447  
448 448  [[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
449 449  
450 450  
214 +
451 451  === 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
452 452  
453 453  
454 -You can click the (% style="color:red" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
218 +You can click the (% style="color:#037691" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
455 455  
456 456  
457 457  [[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
458 458  
459 459  
224 +
460 460  === 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
461 461  
462 462  
... ... @@ -463,8 +463,10 @@
463 463  For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
464 464  
465 465  
231 +
466 466  == 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
467 467  
234 +
468 468  === 3.2.1 Overview ===
469 469  
470 470  
... ... @@ -471,6 +471,7 @@
471 471  Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
472 472  
473 473  
241 +
474 474  === 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
475 475  
476 476  
... ... @@ -477,6 +477,7 @@
477 477  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
478 478  
479 479  
248 +
480 480  === 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
481 481  
482 482  
... ... @@ -513,6 +513,7 @@
513 513   └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
514 514  
515 515  
285 +
516 516  === 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
517 517  
518 518  
... ... @@ -526,6 +526,7 @@
526 526  **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
527 527  
528 528  
299 +
529 529  === 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
530 530  
531 531  
... ... @@ -539,10 +539,11 @@
539 539  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
540 540  
541 541  
313 +
542 542  === 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
543 543  
544 544  
545 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Create the generated script:**(%%) ====
317 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Create the generated script:(%%) ====
546 546  
547 547  
548 548  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
... ... @@ -555,27 +555,29 @@
555 555  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
556 556  
557 557  
330 +
558 558  === 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
559 559  
560 560  
561 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
562 562  
335 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Make sure auto-update server has gnupg(%%) ====
563 563  
337 +
564 564  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install gnupg**
565 565  
566 566  
567 567  
568 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**generate gpg key**(%%) ====
342 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)generate gpg key(%%) ====
569 569  
570 570  
571 571  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg -gen-key**
572 572  
573 573  
574 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.**
348 +**((% style="color:red" %)Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address)(%%)**
575 575  
576 576  
577 577  
578 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Check the gen-key**(%%) ====
352 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Check the gen-key(%%) ====
579 579  
580 580  
581 581  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gen -list-key**
... ... @@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
582 582  
583 583  
584 584  
585 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the release.gpg**(%%) ====
359 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Generate the release.gpg(%%) ====
586 586  
587 587  
588 588  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
... ... @@ -594,7 +594,7 @@
594 594  
595 595  
596 596  
597 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the public key**(%%) ====
371 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Generate the public key(%%) ====
598 598  
599 599  
600 600  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>**
... ... @@ -608,17 +608,16 @@
608 608  
609 609  
610 610  
611 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the public key**(%%) ====
385 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Add the public key(%%) ====
612 612  
613 613  
614 614  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/**
615 615  
616 -
617 617  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.**
618 618  
619 619  
620 620  
621 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the apt source list**(%%) ====
394 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Add the apt source list(%%) ====
622 622  
623 623  
624 624  Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
... ... @@ -627,7 +627,7 @@
627 627  
628 628  
629 629  
630 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Validate the apt repository**(%%) ====
403 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Validate the apt repository(%%) ====
631 631  
632 632  
633 633  Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
... ... @@ -640,10 +640,11 @@
640 640  [[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
641 641  
642 642  
416 +
643 643  === 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
644 644  
645 645  
646 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Remove dragino apt source**(%%) ====
420 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Remove dragino apt source(%%) ====
647 647  
648 648  
649 649  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**/etc/apt/sources.list**
... ... @@ -653,7 +653,7 @@
653 653  
654 654  
655 655  
656 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set up automatic updates**(%%) ====
430 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)Set up automatic updates(%%) ====
657 657  
658 658  
659 659  (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates**
... ... @@ -666,5 +666,4 @@
666 666  
667 667  [[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
668 668  
669 -
670 670  
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