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Wiki source code of Armbian OS instruction

Version 102.1 by Xiaoye on 2023/07/12 20:25
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1 **Table of Contents：**
2
3 {{toc/}}
4
5
6
7
8 = 1.  Overview =
9
10
11 This is a general instruction for the use of Armbian base OS of Dragino devices. Current models include:
12
13 * HP0A
14 * HP0C
15 * LPS8v2
16 * MS20
17
18 (% style="display:none" %)
19
20
21 = 2.  Development Guide =
22
23
24 For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
25
26
27 == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
28
29
30 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
31
32
33 **Requirements:**
34
35 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev(%%)**
36
37 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev(%%)**
38
39
40 **Run command clone dragino-fwd package: (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git(%%)**
41
42
43 [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
44
45
46 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
47
48
49 **After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
50
51 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd:  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c**
52
53
54 The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
55
56 [[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
57
58
59
60 When the compilation is complete a** (% style="color:blue" %)draginofwd-*.deb(%%) **package is generated.
61
62 [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
63
64
65 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
66
67
68 **Run command:**
69
70 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb **
71
72
73 [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
74
75
76 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
77
78
79 **Check the dragino_fwd log:**
80
81 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**journalctl -u draginofwd -f**
82
83
84 [[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
85
86
87 **Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:**
88
89 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl start draginofwd**
90
91 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
92
93
94 == 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111 == 2.3  How to flash a new image(OS) to the gateway(LPS8V2) ==
112
113
114 Since the gateway has a large system, you need to use the sd card to reflash the system for the gateway
115
116
117 //2.3.1: Making an SD card with the new image//
118
119 //2.3.2: Instal the SD card to the gateway//
120
121 //2.3.3: Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card//
122
123 //2.3.4: Finished the process of flash and power cycle the gateway//
124
125
126 ==== (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//Preparations~://**(%%) ====
127
128 1. Prepare an SD card
129 1. Prepare a card reader device
130 1. Download the OS image from the [[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]: ( File format dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img )
131 1. A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )
132 1. SD Card [[format>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]] tool
133
134
135 === **2.3.1 Making an SD Card with the new image** ===
136
137
138 ==== Step 1.  Formatting the SD Card ====
139
140 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
141
142
143 ==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
144
145 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
146
147
148 ==== Step 3. Select the target ====
149
150 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
151
152 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
153
154
155 ==== Step 4. Flash start ====
156
157 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
158
159 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
160
161
162
163 === **2.3.2 Instal the SD card to the gateway** ===
164
165 1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot
166
167 [[image:image-20230712201032-1.png]]
168
169
170 2. Power the gateway with 5V2A, and access the gateway's Ethernet port to your PC
171
172 [[image:image-20230712201458-3.png||height="649" width="832"]]
173
174
175 Note: The PWR LED on red
176
177 The  LAN LED blink
178
179 The SYS LED on red
180
181
182
183 === **3.2.3 Flash the image to the gateway's built memory from the SD card** ===
184
185
186 Access the gateway Linux CLI to flash the image to the gateway's built memory
187
188
189 * **Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
190
191 Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
192
193
194 IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
195
196 Port:  22
197
198 User Name:      (% style="color:blue" %)**root**
199
200 Password:         (% style="color:blue" %)**dragino**(%%) (default)
201
202 //After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
203
204
205 [[image:image-20230508155357-1.png||height="225" width="634"]]
206
207
208 **Run command:**
209
210 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
211
212
213 [[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
214
215
216
217 Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
218
219 [[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
220
221
222 [[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
223
224
225
226 Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
227
228 [[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
229
230
231
232 It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
233
234 [[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
235
236
237 [[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
238
239
240 [[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
241
242
243 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
244
245
246 == 2.4 Default Built Version ==
247
248
249 [[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
250
251
252 == 2.5 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
253
254
255 By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
256
257 [[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
258
259 **If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
260
261
262 #install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
263
264 [[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
265
266 (% class="box infomessage" %)
267 (((
268 **npm install -g n**
269 )))
270
271
272 #Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
273
274 [[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
275
276 (% class="box infomessage" %)
277 (((
278 **n lts**
279 )))
280
281
282 #Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
283
284 [[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
285
286 (% class="box infomessage" %)
287 (((
288 **n prune**
289 )))
290
291
292 (% class="box infomessage" %)
293 (((
294 **apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
295 )))
296
297
298 Check the current version
299
300 [[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
301
302 (% class="box infomessage" %)
303 (((
304 **node -v**
305 )))
306
307
308 == 2.6 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
309
310
311 === **Grafana:** ===
312
313
314 (% class="box infomessage" %)
315 (((
316 curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
317 echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
318 apt update && apt install grafana
319 )))
320
321
322 Check the running status:
323
324
325 (% class="box infomessage" %)
326 (((
327 systemctl status grafana-server
328 )))
329
330
331 configuration path:
332
333
334 (% class="box infomessage" %)
335 (((
336 /etc/grafana/grafana.ini
337 )))
338
339
340 === **Influxdb:** ===
341
342
343 (% class="box infomessage" %)
344 (((
345 curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdb.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
346 echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
347 apt update && apt install influxdb
348 )))
349
350
351 Check the running status:
352
353
354 (% class="box infomessage" %)
355 (((
356 systemctl status influxdb
357 )))
358
359
360 configuration path:
361
362
363 (% class="box infomessage" %)
364 (((
365 /etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
366 )))
367
368
369 = 3.  Package Management =
370
371 == 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
372
373 === 3.1.1  How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
374
375
376 By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
377
378
379 (% style="color:blue" %)**When devices will check for updates**?
380
381 * Devices will check for updates for every boot.
382 * Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
383
384 (% style="color:blue" %)**What packages will be checked for updates**?
385
386 dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
387
388 dragino-sid  ~-~- SN write and read tool
389
390 dragino-ui  ~-~- Gateway Web UI package
391
392 draginofwd   ~-~- UDP packet forwarder, LoRa Base Station
393
394 draginoups   ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
395
396
397
398 (% style="color:blue" %)**Location and changelog for packages**:
399
400 * Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
401 * Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
402
403 (% style="color:blue" %)**How to view auto-updated log**
404
405 You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)**System ~-~-> Package Management.**
406
407
408 [[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
409
410
411
412 (% style="color:blue" %)**Can I disable package-auto-update?**
413
414 You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
415
416
417 [[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
418
419
420 === 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
421
422
423 You can click the (% style="color:red" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
424
425
426 [[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
427
428
429 === 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
430
431
432 For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
433
434
435 == 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
436
437 === 3.2.1 Overview ===
438
439
440 Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
441
442
443 === 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
444
445
446 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
447
448
449 === 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
450
451
452 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/(%%)**
453
454 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/ -p(%%)**
455
456 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/ -p(%%)**
457
458
459 **Tree Structure:**
460
461 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: If you are not familiar with updating servers, most directory names are not recommended to be changed.**
462
463
464 └── debian
465
466 └── release
467
468 ├── dists
469
470 │   └── stable
471
472 │       └── main
473
474 │           └── binary-armhf
475
476 └── pool
477
478 └── main
479
480 └── d
481
482 └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
483
484
485 === 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
486
487
488 The deb packages for auto-update can be placed in** (% style="color:blue" %)/var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
489
490 Below is an example package(testing-0808.deb) for test purpose:
491
492
493 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/testing-0808.deb(%%)**
494
495 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
496
497
498 === 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
499
500
501 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/**
502
503 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg-scanpackages pool/ > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages**
504
505 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cat dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages | gzip -9 > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages.gz**
506
507
508 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
509
510
511 === 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
512
513
514 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Create the generated script:**(%%) ====
515
516
517 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
518
519
520 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh]]**
521
522 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**chmod + x ./generate-release.sh**
523
524 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
525
526
527 === 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
528
529
530 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
531
532
533 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install gnupg**
534
535
536
537 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**generate gpg key**(%%) ====
538
539
540 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg -gen-key**
541
542
543 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.**
544
545
546
547 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Check the gen-key**(%%) ====
548
549
550 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gen -list-key**
551
552
553
554 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the release.gpg**(%%) ====
555
556
557 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
558
559 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-detach-sign -o Release.gpg Release**
560
561
562 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-clearsign -o InRelease Release**
563
564
565
566 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the public key**(%%) ====
567
568
569 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>**
570
571
572 **example: gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output xiao.asc ~-~-export **[[xiaoye@dragino.cc>>mailto:xiaoye@dragino.cc]]
573
574
575
576 === 3.2.8 Add url as apt source in LPS8v2 / MS20 ===
577
578
579
580 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the public key**(%%) ====
581
582
583 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/**
584
585
586 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.**
587
588
589
590 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the apt source list**(%%) ====
591
592
593 Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
594
595 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**echo "deb http:~/~/<IP_address or hostname>/debian/release stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/test_server.list**
596
597
598
599 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Validate the apt repository**(%%) ====
600
601
602 Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
603
604 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt update && apt install testing**
605
606
607 Example output:
608
609 [[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
610
611
612 === 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
613
614
615 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Remove dragino apt source**(%%) ====
616
617
618 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**/etc/apt/sources.list**
619
620
621 [[image:1661306460134-112.png]]
622
623
624
625 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set up automatic updates**(%%) ====
626
627
628 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates**
629
630
631 The device performs automatic updates from this script,
632
633 But it will now only look for dragino as a keyword, so you need to replace the keyword dragino with your own keyword.
634
635
636 [[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
637
638
639