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1 {{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="**Contents**"}}
2 {{toc/}}
3 {{/box}}
4
5
6 [[image:image-20220530000243-1.png||height="332" width="531"]]
7
8
9 = Introduction =
10
11 == What is GroPoint Air ==
12
13 The Dragino GroPoint is a (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN Multi Soil Segment Converter**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to connect to [[GroPoint Profile Multi-depth Soil moisture and temperature profile Sensor>>url:https://www.gropoint.com/products/soil-sensors/gropoint-profile]] and get GroPoint Profile’s reading and send it to IoT server via LoRaWAN wireless network.
14
15 (% style="color:blue" %)**GroPoint Profile is plug-and-play with GroPoint Air**(%%) to get soil moisture and send via wireless. GroPoint Profile is powered by GroPoint Air, (% style="color:blue" %)**no need external power source**(%%).
16
17 The LoRa wireless technology used in GroPoint Air allows devices to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
18
19 GroPoint Air is powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**an 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), it is designed for long-term use for up to 5 years.
20
21 Each GroPoint Air is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to the local LoRaWAN server and it will auto-connect after power on.
22
23 [[image:image-20220530002019-2.png||height="295" width="655"]]
24
25
26 == Features ==
27
28
29 * LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
30 * Ultra-low power consumption
31 * Supports GroPoint Profile
32 * Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
33 * AT Commands to change parameters
34 * Uplink on periodically
35 * Downlink to change configure
36 * IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
37 * 8500mAh Battery for long term use
38
39 == Probe Specification ==
40
41 GroPoint Air includes an M12 5-pin connector, the pins definition matches GroPoint Profile M12 version probes. Users can connect this connector to GroPoint Profile directly.
42
43 GroPoint Profile includes a series of multi-depth soil moisture and temperature sensors. The specification for GroPoint Profile can be found here: [[https:~~/~~/www.gropoint.com/products/soil-sensors/gropoint-profile>>https://www.gropoint.com/products/soil-sensors/gropoint-profile]]
44
45
46 == Applications ==
47
48 * Smart Agriculture
49
50 == Pin Mapping ==
51
52 Inner PCB Pin mapping for reference:
53
54 [[image:image-20220530002453-3.png||height="262" width="493"]]
55
56
57 = Connect LoRaWAN Network =
58
59
60 == LED Indicator ==
61
62 The GroPoint Air has an internal LED which can show the status of different states.
63
64 * The sensor is detected when the device is turned on, and it will flash 4 times quickly when it is detected.
65 * Blink once when device transmits a packet.
66
67 == Firmware and Changelog ==
68
69 Firmware Download Location: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/GroPoint_Air/firmware/>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/GroPoint_Air/firmware/]]
70
71 Change Log:
72
73
74 = How to use? =
75
76 == Connect to GroPoint Profile ==
77
78 GroPoint Air must be used with [[GroPoint Profile>>https://www.gropoint.com/products/soil-sensors/gropoint-profile]]. There are different interface model from GroPoint, users need to choose the one:
79
80 * Support RS485 Interface
81 * with M12 5pin connector.
82
83 Such model in GroPoint Profile is: **2625-N-T-x-M-M **(Where x is different depending on how many levels it detects).
84
85
86 == Connect to LoRaWAN Network? ==
87
88 Each GroPoint Air is shipped with a worldwide unique set of OTAA keys. To use GroPoint Air in a LoRaWAN network, user needs to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN network server. So GroPoint Air can join the LoRaWAN network and start to transmit sensor data
89
90
91 == Example to use for LoRaWAN network ==
92
93 This section shows an example of how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN IoT server. Usages with other LoRaWAN IoT servers are similar.
94
95 * In this use case, the GroPoint Air measures soil moisture and temperature and sends the status to the LoRaWAN server.The GroPoint Air will uplink different types of messages to the LoRaWAN server. See [[Uplink payload>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SW3L%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20Flow%20Sensor/#H2.3UplinkPayload]] for detail.
96
97 Assume the DLOS8 is already set to connect to the [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. We need to add the GroPoint Air device in TTN V3:
98
99 **Step 1**: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from GroPoint Air.
100
101 Each GroPoint Air is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
102
103
104 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SW3L%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20Flow%20Sensor/WebHome/1652944593868-618.png?rev=1.1||alt="1652944593868-618.png"]]
105
106 Users can enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is the TTN V3 screenshot:
107
108 Add APP EUI in the application.
109
110 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SW3L%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20Flow%20Sensor/WebHome/image-20220519151704-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220519151704-1.png"]]
111
112 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SW3L%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20Flow%20Sensor/WebHome/image-20220519151704-2.png?width=717&height=322&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220519151704-2.png" height="322" width="717"]]
113
114 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SW3L%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20Flow%20Sensor/WebHome/image-20220519151704-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220519151704-3.png"]]
115
116 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SW3L%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20Flow%20Sensor/WebHome/image-20220519151704-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220519151704-4.png"]]
117
118 Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
119
120 **Step 2**: Power on GroPoint Air
121
122 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SW3L%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20Flow%20Sensor/WebHome/image-20220519094347-1.png?width=725&height=430&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220519094347-1.png" height="430" width="725"]]
123
124 Put the jumper to power on GroPoint Air and it will auto-join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload sensor data to TTN V3 and the user can see it in the panel.
125
126 [[image:image-20220611174943-1.png||height="139" width="1008"]]
127
128
129 === Decoder in TTN V3 ===
130
131 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SW3L%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20Flow%20Sensor/WebHome/1652927365661-475.png?width=723&height=359&rev=1.1||alt="1652927365661-475.png" height="359" width="723"]]
132
133 Please check the decoder [gropoint_Decoder_V1.0.0.js] from this link:
134
135 [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/4strg6w7kkekdc4/AAAUKdAV3XKhOi3t6YjA8j9za?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/4strg6w7kkekdc4/AAAUKdAV3XKhOi3t6YjA8j9za?dl=0]]
136
137
138 == Uplink Payload Analyze ==
139
140 Uplink payloads have two types:
141
142 * (((
143 Report temperature and humidity status normally: Use FPORT=2
144 )))
145 * (((
146 Other control commands: Use other FPORT fields.
147 )))
148
149 The application server should parse the correct value based on FPORT settings.
150
151
152 == temperature and humidity Value, Uplink FPORT~=2 ==
153
154
155 GroPoint Air will send this uplink after Device Status once join the LoRaWAN network successfully. And GroPoint Air will:
156
157 periodically send this uplink every 20 minutes, this interval can be changed.
158
159 The drawing below shows the probe dimensions of the 2-8 segment probes, Temperature sen sor locations provided in table below:
160
161 [[image:image-20220621093414-1.png||height="932" width="816"]]
162
163 GroPoint Air's sensors come in six models:GPLP-2,GPLP-3,GPLP-4,GPLP-5,GPLP-6,GPLP-8.
164
165 The amount of temperature and humidity is different for each model, so the payload of each model is different.
166
167 Take GPLP-3 as an example:
168
169 Uplink Payload totals 21 bytes.
170
171 [[image:image-20220621100751-2.png||height="124" width="774"]]
172
173 [[image:image-20220611174943-1.png||height="139" width="1008"]]
174
175
176 For US915 frequency, when DR=0 and the payload length exceeds 11, the DR of this packet is switched to 1.
177
178 For AU915 frequency, when DR=0 and the payload length exceeds 11, the DR of this packet is switched to 3.
179
180 == Show data on Datacake ==
181
182 Datacake IoT platform provides a human-friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have sensor data in TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are the steps:
183
184 **Step 1**: Link TTNv3 to Datacake [[https:~~/~~/docs.datacake.de/lorawan/lns/thethingsindustries#create-integration-on-tti>>url:https://docs.datacake.de/lorawan/lns/thethingsindustries#create-integration-on-tti]]
185
186 **Step 2**: Configure SW3L in Datacake  ​​​​
187
188 [[image:image-20220613171007-1.png||height="567" width="542"]]
189
190 [[image:image-20220613171015-2.png||height="600" width="586"]]
191
192 [[image:image-20220613171029-3.png||height="507" width="513"]]
193
194 [[image:image-20220613171038-4.png||height="469" width="786"]]
195
196 [[image:image-20220613171105-5.png||height="533" width="949"]]
197
198 [[image:image-20220613171117-6.png||height="501" width="925"]]
199
200 [[image:image-20220613171124-7.png||height="466" width="877"]]
201
202
203
204 = Configure GroPoint Air via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink =
205
206 Use can configure GroPoint Air via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.
207
208 * AT Command Connection: See [[FAQ>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLMS01-LoRaWAN%20Leaf%20Moisture%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/#H6.FAQ]].
209 * LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms: [[IoT LoRaWAN Server>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/]]
210
211 There are two kinds of commands to configure GroPoint Air, they are:
212
213 * (((
214 **~ General Commands**.
215 )))
216
217 These commands are to configure:
218
219 * General system settings like: uplink interval.
220 * LoRaWAN protocol & radio-related command.
221
222 They are the same for all Dragino Device that support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack. These commands can be found on the wiki: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/]]
223
224
225 * (((
226 **~ Commands special design for GroPoint Air**
227 )))
228
229 These commands only valid for GroPoint Air, as below:
230
231 == 3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time ==
232
233 Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.
234
235 **AT Command: AT+TDC**
236
237 [[image:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLMS01-LoRaWAN%20Leaf%20Moisture%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220607171554-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220607171554-8.png"]]
238
239 **Downlink Command: 0x01**
240
241 Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.
242
243 If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
244
245 * Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
246 * Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds
247
248 == 3.2 Set Interrupt Mode ==
249
250 Feature, Set Interrupt mode for GPIO_EXIT.
251
252 **AT Command: AT+INTMOD**
253
254 [[image:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLMS01-LoRaWAN%20Leaf%20Moisture%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220607171716-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220607171716-9.png"]]
255
256 **Downlink Command: 0x06**
257
258 Format: Command Code (0x06) followed by 3 bytes.
259
260 This means that the interrupt mode of the end node is set to 0x000003=3 (rising edge trigger), and the type code is 06.
261
262 * Example 1: Downlink Payload: 06000000 ~/~/ Turn off interrupt mode
263 * Example 2: Downlink Payload: 06000003 ~/~/ Set the interrupt mode to rising edge trigger
264
265 == (% id="cke_bm_55968S" style="display:none" %) (%%)3.3 Set the sensor delay time ==
266
267 Feature: Change the sensor delay time.
268
269 There are six models of GroPoint Air, and each model returns a different number of temperature and humidity. The more bytes of the returned value, the longer the delay. The AT+SDELAY command can adjust the time that the sensor returns data to the node, and can adjust different delays according to different types of sensors.
270
271 The default delay is 1000ms.
272
273 **AT Command: AT+SDELAY**
274
275 [[image:image-20220613175511-8.png]]
276
277 **Downlink Command: 0xA1**
278
279 Format: Command Code (0xA1) followed by 3 bytes time value.
280
281 If the downlink payload=A10007D0, it means set the sensor delay time to 0x0007D0=2000ms, while type code is A1.
282
283 * Example 1: Downlink Payload: A10003E8 ~/~/ Set the sensor delay time = 1000ms
284 * Example 2: Downlink Payload: A10007D0 ~/~/ Set the sensor delay time = 2000ms
285
286 == 3.4 Query sensor model function ==
287
288 Feature: Using this function will re-update the model.
289
290 **Downlink Command: 0xFA00**
291
292
293 == 3.5 Get Firmware Version Info ==
294
295 Feature: use downlink to get firmware version.
296
297 **Downlink Command: 0x26**
298
299 [[image:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLMS01-LoRaWAN%20Leaf%20Moisture%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220607171917-10.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220607171917-10.png"]]
300
301 * Reply to the confirmation package: 26 01
302 * Reply to non-confirmed packet: 26 00
303
304 Device will send an uplink after got this downlink command. With below payload:
305
306 Configures info payload:
307
308 |=(((
309 **Size(bytes)**
310 )))|=**1**|=**1**|=**1**|=**2**|=**1**|=4|=**1**
311 |**Value**|Software Type|(((
312 Frequency
313
314 Band
315 )))|Sub-band|(((
316 Firmware
317
318 Version
319 )))|Sensor Type|Reserve|(((
320 [[Message Type>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLMS01-LoRaWAN%20Leaf%20Moisture%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/#H2.3.6MessageType]]
321 Always 0x02
322 )))
323
324 **Software Type**: Always 0x03 for LLMS01
325
326 **Frequency Band**:
327
328 *0x01: EU868
329
330 *0x02: US915
331
332 *0x03: IN865
333
334 *0x04: AU915
335
336 *0x05: KZ865
337
338 *0x06: RU864
339
340 *0x07: AS923
341
342 *0x08: AS923-1
343
344 *0x09: AS923-2
345
346 *0x0A: AS923-3
347
348 *0x0B: AS923-4
349
350 **Sub-Band**: value 0x00 ~~ 0x08
351
352 **Firmware Version**: 0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version
353
354 **Sensor Type**:
355
356 0x01: LSE01
357
358 0x02: LDDS75
359
360 0x03: LDDS20
361
362 0x04: LLMS01
363
364 0x05: LSPH01
365
366 0x06: LSNPK01
367
368 0x07: LDDS45
369
370 0x08: LSLP01
371
372 = Use AT Command =
373
374 == Access AT Commands ==
375
376 GroPoint Air supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to GroPoint Air for using AT command, as below.
377
378 [[image:Main.User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes.LLMS01-LoRaWAN Leaf Moisture Sensor User Manual.WebHome@1654593668970-604.png||height="297" width="474"]]
379
380 **Connection:**
381
382 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** USB TTL GND <~-~-~-~-> GND**
383
384 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** USB TTL TXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_RXD**
385
386 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** USB TTL RXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_TXD**
387
388
389 In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for GroPoint Air. GroPoint Air will output system info once power on as below:
390
391 [[image:Main.User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes.LLMS01-LoRaWAN Leaf Moisture Sensor User Manual.WebHome@1654653659449-932.png||height="471" width="674"]]
392
393 Valid AT Command please check [[Configure Device>>||anchor="H3.ConfigureLLMS01viaATCommandorLoRaWANDownlink"]].
394
395
396 = Battery & How to replace =
397
398 == Battery Type ==
399
400 GroPoint Air is equipped with a [[8500mAH ER26500 Li-SOCI2 battery>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]. The battery is an un-rechargeable battery with a low discharge rate targeting more than 5 years use. This type of battery is commonly used in IoT targets for long-term running, such as water meters.
401
402 The discharge curve is not linear so can’t simply use percentage to show the battery level. Below is the battery performance.
403
404
405 [[image:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLMS01-LoRaWAN%20Leaf%20Moisture%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1654593587246-335.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654593587246-335.png" height="408" width="574"]]
406
407 Minimum Working Voltage for the GroPoint Air:
408
409 GroPoint Air:  2.45v ~~ 3.6v
410
411
412 == Power Consumption Analyze ==
413
414 Dragino Battery-powered products are all runs in Low Power mode. We have an updated battery calculator which base on the measurement of the real device. User can use this calculator to check the battery life and calculate the battery life if want to use different transmit intervals.
415
416 Instruction to use as below:
417
418
419 **Step 1**: Downlink the up-to-date DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Prediction_Table.xlsx from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.pHp?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/]]
420
421
422 **Step 2**: Open it and choose
423
424 * (((
425 Product Model
426 )))
427 * (((
428 Uplink Interval
429 )))
430 * (((
431 Working Mode
432 )))
433
434 And the Life expectation in different cases will be shown on the right.
435
436 [[image:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLMS01-LoRaWAN%20Leaf%20Moisture%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1654593605679-189.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654593605679-189.png"]]
437
438 The battery-related documents as below:
439
440 * (((
441 [[Battery Dimension>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/&file=LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf]],
442 )))
443 * (((
444 [[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery  datasheet>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER26500/ER26500_Datasheet-EN.pdf]],
445 )))
446 * (((
447 [[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg]], [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf]]
448 )))
449
450 [[image:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLMS01-LoRaWAN%20Leaf%20Moisture%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220607172042-11.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220607172042-11.png"]]
451
452
453 === ​Battery Note ===
454
455 The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period applications. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
456
457
458 === Replace the battery ===
459
460 You can change the battery in GroPoint Air. The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v.
461
462 The default battery pack of GroPoint Air includes a ER26500 plus supercapacitor. If users can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER26500 or equivalence, which will also work in most cases. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high-frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
463
464
465
466
467 = FAQ =
468
469 == How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region ==
470
471 You can follow the instruction here: [[how to upgrade image>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome||anchor="H2.HardwareUpgradeMethodSupportList"]].
472 When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. ​
473
474
475 = Trouble Shooting =
476
477 == AT Commands input doesn’t work ==
478
479 In case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while pressing the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
480
481 == Why i see the payload is 7FFF? ==
482
483 The device will judge the length of the data received by the serial port. If the length of the received data is 0, it means that there is a problem with the sensor communication or the sensor is not connected properly, it is invalid data, and the uploaded data is 7FFF.
484
485 = Order Info =
486
487 Part Number: **GROPOINT AIR-M-XX**
488
489 **XX**: The default frequency band
490
491 * **AS923**: LoRaWAN AS923 band
492 * **AU915**: LoRaWAN AU915 band
493 * **EU433**: LoRaWAN EU433 band
494 * **EU868**: LoRaWAN EU868 band
495 * **KR920**: LoRaWAN KR920 band
496 * **US915**: LoRaWAN US915 band
497 * **IN865**: LoRaWAN IN865 band
498 * **CN470**: LoRaWAN CN470 band
499
500 = ​Packing Info =
501
502 **Package Includes:  **
503
504 * GroPoint Air-M x 1
505
506 **Dimension and weight:**
507
508 * Device Size: cm
509 * Device Weight: g
510 * Package Size / pcs : cm
511 * Weight / pcs : g
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