1656035424980-692.png

Table of Contents:

1.  Introduction

1.1  Overview

Dragino LoRaWAN weather station series products are designed for measuring atmospheric conditions to provide information for weather forecasts and to study the weather and climate. They consist of a main process device (WSC1-L) and various sensors.

The sensors include various type such as: Rain Gauge, Temperature/Humidity/Pressure sensor, Wind Speed/direction sensor, Illumination sensor, CO2 sensor, Rain/Snow sensor, PM2.5/10 sensor, PAR(Photosynthetically Available Radiation) sensor, Total Solar Radiation sensor and so on.

Main process device WSC1-L is an outdoor LoRaWAN RS485 end node. It is powered by external 12v solar power and have a built-in li-on backup battery. WSC1-L reads value from various sensors and upload these sensor data to IoT server via LoRaWAN wireless protocol.

WSC1-L is full compatible with LoRaWAN Class C protocol, it can work with standard LoRaWAN gateway.

2.  How to use

2.1  Installation

Below is an installation example for the weather station. Field installation example can be found at Appendix I: Field Installation Photo.  

1656041948552-849.png

 Wiring:

1. WSC1-L and sensors all powered by solar power via MPPT

2. WSC1-L and sensors connect to each other via RS485/Modbus.

3. WSC1-L read value from each sensor and send uplink via LoRaWAN

WSC1-L is shipped with a RS485 converter board, for the easy connection to different sensors and WSC1-L. Below is a connection photo:

1656042136605-251.png

Notice 1:

  • All weather sensors and WSC1-L are powered by MPPT solar recharge controller. MPPT is connected to solar panel and storage battery.
  • WSC1-L has an extra 1000mAh back up battery. So it can work even solar panel and storage battery Fails.
  • Weather sensors won't work if solar panel and storage battery fails.

Notice 2:

Due to shipment and importation limitation, user is better to purchase below parts locally:

  • Solar Panel
  • Storage Battery
  • MPPT Solar Recharger
  • Mounting Kit includes pole and mast assembly. Each weather sensor has it's own mounting assembly, user can check the sensor section in this manual.
  • Cabinet.

2.2  How it works?

Each WSC1-L is shipped with a worldwide unique set of OTAA keys. To use WSC1-L in a LoRaWAN network, user needs to input the OTAA keys in LoRaWAN network server. After finish installation as above. Create WSC1-L in your LoRaWAN server and Power on WSC1-L , it can join the LoRaWAN network and start to transmit sensor data. The default period for each uplink is 20 minutes.

Open WSC1-L and put the yellow jumper as below position to power on WSC1-L.

1656042192857-709.png

Notice:

  1. WSC1-L will auto scan available weather sensors when power on or reboot.
  2. User can send a downlink command to WSC1-L to do a re-scan on the available sensors.

2.3  Example to use for LoRaWAN network

This section shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN IoT server. Usages with other LoRaWAN IoT servers are of similar procedure.

1656042612899-422.png

Assume the DLOS8 is already set to connect to TTN V3 network . We need to add the WSC1-L device in TTN V3:

Step 1: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from WSC1-L.

Each WSC1-L is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:

image-20230426084533-1.png

User can enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:

Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).

image-20220606163915-7.png

Add APP EUI in the application.

1656042662694-311.png

1656042673910-429.png

Choose Manually to add WSC1-L

1656042695755-103.png

Add APP KEY and DEV EUI

1656042723199-746.png

Step 2: Power on WSC1-L, it will start to join TTN server. After join success, it will start to upload sensor data to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.

1656042745346-283.png

2.4  Uplink Payload

Uplink payloads include two types: Valid Sensor Value and other status / control command.

  • Valid Sensor Value: Use FPORT=2
  • Other control command: Use FPORT other than 2.

2.4.1  Uplink FPORT=5, Device Status

Uplink the device configures with FPORT=5. Once WSC1-L Joined the network, it will uplink this message to the server. After first uplink, WSC1-L will uplink Device Status every 12 hours

User can also use downlink command(0x2301) to ask WSC1-L to resend this uplink

Size(bytes)121123
ValueSensor ModelFirmware VersionFrequency BandSub-bandBATWeather Sensor Types

1656043061044-343.png

Example Payload (FPort=5):  image-20220624101005-1.png

Sensor Model:

For WSC1-L, this value is 0x0D.

Firmware Version:

0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version.

Frequency Band:

0x01: EU868

0x02: US915

0x03: IN865

0x04: AU915

0x05: KZ865

0x06: RU864

0x07: AS923

0x08: AS923-1

0x09: AS923-2

0x0a: AS923-3

Sub-Band:

value 0x00 ~ 0x08(only for CN470, AU915,US915. Others are0x00)

BAT:

shows the battery voltage for WSC1-L MCU.

Ex1: 0x0BD6/1000 = 3.03 V

Weather Sensor Types:

Byte3Byte2Byte1

Bit = 1 means this sensor is connected, Bit=0 means this sensor is not connected

Byte3Bit23Bit22Bit21Bit20Bit19Bit18Bit17Bit16
N/ACustomize-A4Customize-A3Customize-A2Customize-A1N/AN/AN/A
Byte2Bit15Bit14Bit13Bit12Bit11Bit10Bit9Bit8
N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A
Byte1Bit7Bit6Bit5Bit4Bit3Bit2Bit1Bit0
WSS-07WSS-06WSS-05WSS-04WSS-03WSS-02WSS-01N/A

Eg: 0x1000FE = 1 0000 0000 0000 1111 1110(b)

External sensors detected by WSC1-L include :

custom sensor A1,

PAR sensor (WSS-07),

Total Solar Radiation sensor (WSS-06),

CO2/PM2.5/PM10 (WSS-03),

Wind Speed/Direction (WSS-02)

User can also use downlink command(0x26 01) to ask WSC1-L to resend this uplink :

Downlink:0x26 01

1656049673488-415.png

2.4.2  Uplink FPORT=2, Real time sensor value

WSC1-L will send this uplink after Device Config uplink once join LoRaWAN network successfully. And it will periodically send this uplink. Default interval is 20 minutes and can be changed.

Uplink uses FPORT=2 and every 20 minutes send one uplink by default. 

The upload length is dynamic, depends on what type of weather sensors are connected. The uplink payload is combined with sensor segments. As below:

 Uplink Payload

Sensor Segment 1Sensor Segment 2……Sensor Segment n

 Sensor Segment Define:

Type CodeLength (Bytes)Measured Value

Sensor Type Table:

Sensor TypeType CodeRangeLength( Bytes)Example
Wind Speed0x01

Speed: 0 ~ 60m/s
Level: 0 ~ 17

0x03 

0x0024/10=3.6m/s (0x02FE: No Sensor, 0x02EE: Value Error)

0x02=2 (0x14: No Sensor, 0x15: Value Error)

Wind Direction0x02

Angel: 0 ~ 360°
Direction: 16 positions

0x03

0x02C9/10=66.6°(0x0EFE: No Sensor,0x0EFF: Value Error)

0X03=3(ENE) (0x14: No Sensor,0x15: Value Error)

Illumination0x030~200000kLux0x02

0x04D2*10=12340kLux  (0x4EFE: No Sensor,0x4EFF: Value Error)

Rain / Snow0x040A: No, 01 Yes.0x01

0x00 (00) No Rain or snow detected

(0x02: No Sensor,0x03: Value Error)

CO20x050~5000ppm0x02

0x0378=888ppm (0x14FE: No Sensor,0x14FF: Value Error)

Temperature0x06-30℃~70℃0x02

0xFFDD/10=-3.5℃  (0x02FE: No Sensor,0x02FF: Value Error)

Humidity0x070~100%RH0x02

0x0164/10=35.6%RH (0x03FE: No Sensor,0x03FF: Value Error)

Pressure0x0810~1100hPa0x02

0x2748/10=1005.6hPa    (0x00: No Sensor,0x01: Value Error)

Rain Gauge0x09

0mm~100mm(Rainfall in the last 24 hours)

0x02

0x0050/10=8mm (Rainfall within the 24 hours:8.0mm)

(0x03FE: No Sensor,0x03FF: Value Error)

PM2.50x0A0~1000μg/m30x02

0x0023=35μg/m3  (0x03FE: No Sensor,0x03FF: Value Error)

PM100x0B0~1000μg/m30x02

0x002D=45μg/m3  (0x03FE: No Sensor,0x03FF: Value Error)

PAR0x0C

0~2500μmol/m2•s

0x02

0x00B3=179μmol/m2•s (0x09FE: No Sensor,0x09FF: Value Error)

Total Solar Radiation

0x0D0~2000W/m20x02

0x0073/10=11.5W/m2(0x4EFE: No Sensor,0x4EFF: Value Error)

Below is an example payload:  image-20220624140615-3.png

When sending this payload to LoRaWAN server. WSC1-L will send this in one uplink or several uplinks according to LoRaWAN spec requirement. For example, total length of Payload is 54 bytes.

  • When WSC1-L sending in US915 frequency DR0 data rate. Because this data rate has limitation of 11 bytes payload for each uplink. The payload will be split into below packets and uplink.

          Uplink 1:  image-20220624140735-4.png

          Uplink 2:  image-20220624140842-5.png
 

  • When WSC1-L sending in EU868 frequency DR0 data rate. The payload will be split into below packets and uplink:

          Uplink 1:  image-20220624141025-6.png  

          Uplink 2:   image-20220624141100-7.png

2.4.3  Decoder in TTN V3

In LoRaWAN platform, user only see HEX payload by default, user needs to use payload formatters to decode the payload to see human-readable value.

Download decoder for suitable platform from:  https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder

and put as below:

1656051152438-578.png

2.5  Show data on Application Server

Application platform provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have sensor data in TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are the steps:

Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the LoRaWAN network.

Step 2: Configure your Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. Go to TTN V3 Console --> Applications --> Integrations --> Add Integrations.

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Add TagoIO:

1656051223585-631.png

Authorization:

1656051248318-368.png

In TagoIO console (https://admin.tago.io//) , add WSC1-L:

1656051277767-168.png

3.  Configure WSC1-L via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink

Use can configure WSC1-L via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.

  • AT Command Connection: See FAQ.
  • LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms:  Use Note for Server(IoT LoRaWAN Server)

There are two kinds of commands to configure WSC1-L, they are:

  • General Commands.

These commands are to configure:

  • General system settings like: uplink interval.
  • LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.

They are same for all Dragino Device which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack(Note**). These commands can be found on the wiki:  End Device Downlink Command

Note**: Please check early user manual if you don’t have v1.8.0 firmware. 

  • Commands special design for WSC1-L

These commands only valid for WSC1-L, as below:

3.1  Set Transmit Interval Time

Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.

AT Command: AT+TDC

Command ExampleFunctionResponse
AT+TDC=?Show current transmit Interval

30000
OK
the interval is 30000ms = 30s

AT+TDC=60000Set Transmit Interval

OK
Set transmit interval to 60000ms = 60 seconds

Downlink Command: 0x01

Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.

If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.

  • Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E       //  Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
  • Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C      //  Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds

3.2  Set Emergency Mode

Feature: In emergency mode, WSC1-L will uplink data every 1 minute.

AT Command:

Command ExampleFunctionResponse
AT+ALARMMOD=1Enter emergency mode. Uplink every 1 minute

OK
 

AT+ALARMMOD=0Exit emergency mode. Uplink base on TDC time

OK

Downlink Command:

  • 0xE101     Same as: AT+ALARMMOD=1
  • 0xE100     Same as: AT+ALARMMOD=0

3.3  Add or Delete RS485 Sensor

Feature: User can add or delete 3rd party sensor as long they are RS485/Modbus interface,baud rate support 9600.Maximum can add 4 sensors. 

AT Command:  

AT+DYSENSOR=Type_Code, Query_Length, Query_Command , Read_Length , Valid_Data ,has_CRC,timeout

  • Type_Code range:   A1 ~ A4

  • Query_Length:        RS485 Query frame length, Value cannot be greater than 10

  • Query_Command:  RS485 Query frame data to be sent to sensor, cannot be larger than 10 bytes

  • Read_Length:   RS485 response frame length supposed to receive. Max can receive

  • Valid_Data:       valid data from RS485 Response, Valid Data will be added to Payload and upload via LoRaWAN.

  • has_CRC:          RS485 Response crc check  (0: no verification required 1: verification required). If CRC=1 and CRC error, valid data will be set to 0.

  • timeout:           RS485 receive timeout (uint:ms). Device will close receive window after timeout

Example:

User need to change external sensor use the type code as address code.

With a 485 sensor, after correctly changing the address code to A1, the RS485 query frame is shown in the following table:

image-20220624143553-10.png

The response frame of the sensor is as follows:

image-20220624143618-11.png

Then the following parameters should be:

  • Address_Code range: A1
  • Query_Length: 8
  • Query_Command: A103000000019CAA
  • Read_Length: 8
  • Valid_Data: 23 (Indicates that the data length is 2 bytes, starting from the 3th byte)
  • has_CRC: 1
  • timeout: 1500 (Fill in the test according to the actual situation)

So the input command is:

AT+DYSENSOR=A1,8,A103000000019CAA,8,24,1,1500

In every sampling. WSC1-L will auto append the sensor segment as per this structure and uplink.

Type CodeLength (Bytes)Measured Value
A120x000A

Related commands:

AT+DYSENSOR=A1,0    -->   Delete 3rd party sensor A1.

AT+DYSENSOR             -->    List All 3rd Party Sensor. Like below:

Downlink Command:  

delete custom sensor A1:

  • 0xE5A1     Same as: AT+DYSENSOR=A1,0

Remove all custom sensors

  • 0xE5FF   

3.4  RS485 Test Command

AT Command:

Command ExampleFunctionResponse
AT+RSWRITE=xxxxxx

Send command to 485 sensor. Range : no more than 10 bytes

OK

Eg: Send command 01 03 00 00 00 01 84 0A to 485 sensor

AT+RSWRITE=0103000001840A

Downlink Command:

  • 0xE20103000001840A     Same as: AT+RSWRITE=0103000001840A

3.5  RS485 response timeout

Feature: Set or get extended time to receive 485 sensor data.

AT Command:

Command ExampleFunctionResponse
AT+DTR=1000

Set response timeout to: Range : 0~10000

OK

Downlink Command:

Format: Command Code (0xE0) followed by 3 bytes time value.

If the downlink payload=E0000005, it means set the END Node’s Transmit Interval to 0x000005=5(S), while type code is E0.

  • Example 1: Downlink Payload: E0000005     //  Set Transmit Interval (DTR) = 5 seconds
  • Example 2: Downlink Payload: E000000A    //  Set Transmit Interval (DTR) = 10 seconds

3.6  Set Sensor Type

Feature: Set sensor in used. If there are 6 sensors, user can set to only send 5 sensors values.

See definition for the sensor type.

Byte3Bit23Bit22Bit21Bit20Bit19Bit18Bit17Bit16
 A4A3A2A1   
Byte2Bit15Bit14Bit13Bit12Bit11Bit10Bit9Bit8
  Solar RadiationPARPM10PM2.5

Rain
Gauge

Air
Pressure

Byte1Bit7Bit6Bit5Bit4Bit3Bit2Bit1Bit0
HumidityTemperatureCO2

Rain/Snow
Detect

illuminance

Wind
Direction

Wind SpeedBAT

AT Command:

Command ExampleFunctionResponse
AT+STYPE=80221Set sensor typesOK

Eg: The setting command AT+STYPE=80221 means:

Byte3Bit23Bit22Bit21Bit20Bit19Bit18Bit17Bit16
00001000
Byte2Bit15Bit14Bit13Bit12Bit11Bit10Bit9Bit8
00000010
Byte1Bit7Bit6Bit5Bit4Bit3Bit2Bit1Bit0
00100001

So wsc1-L will upload the following data: Custom Sensor A1, Rain Gauge,CO2,BAT.

Downlink Command:

  • 0xE400080221     Same as: AT+STYPE=80221

Note:

1. The sensor type will not be saved to flash, and the value will be updated every time the sensor is restarted or rescanned.

3.7  Set the registers read by the rain gauge(Since firmware V1.3)

AT Command:

Command ExampleFunctionResponse

AT+RAINFALLSWITCH=10(Range: 3,4,5,6,8,10)

Set the registers read by the rain gauge

OK

Downlink Command:

  • 0x1703    Same as: AT+RAINFALLSWITCH=3

3: The total rainfall after the sensor is powered on  (for example  Total rainfall: 166.5mm)

4: Hourly rainfall: 0.2mm

5: Rainfall in last hour: 0.2mm

6: 24-hour maximum rainfall 10.0mm

8: 24-hour minimum rainfall:0.0mm

10: Rainfall in 24 hours: 8.0mm (Rainfall in the last 24 hours)

4.  Power consumption and battery

4.1  Total Power Consumption

Dragino Weather Station serial products include the main process unit ( WSC1-L ) and various sensors. The total power consumption equal total power of all above units. The power consumption for main process unit WSC1-L is 18ma @ 12v. and the power consumption of each sensor can be found on the Sensors chapter.

4.2  Reduce power consumption

The main process unit WSC1-L is set to LoRaWAN Class C by default. If user want to reduce the power consumption of this unit, user can set it to run in Class A. In Class A mode, WSC1-L will not be to get real-time downlink command from IoT Server.

4.3  Battery

All sensors are only power by external power source. If external power source is off. All sensor won't work.

Main Process Unit WSC1-L is powered by both external power source and internal 1000mAh rechargeable battery. If external power source is off, WSC1-L still runs and can send periodically uplinks, but the sensors value will become invalid.  External power source can recharge the 1000mAh rechargeable battery.

5.  Main Process Unit WSC1-L

5.1  Features

  • Wall Attachable.
  • LoRaWAN v1.0.3 Class A protocol.
  • RS485 / Modbus protocol
  • Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915
  • AT Commands to change parameters
  • Remote configure parameters via LoRaWAN Downlink
  • Firmware upgradable via program port
  • Powered by external 12v battery
  • Back up rechargeable 1000mAh battery
  • IP Rating: IP65
  • Support default sensors or 3rd party RS485 sensors

5.2  Power Consumption

WSC1-L (without external sensor): Idle: 4mA, Transmit: max 40mA

5.3  Storage & Operation Temperature

-20°C to +60°C

5.4  Pin Mapping

1656054149793-239.png

5.5  Mechanical

Refer LSn50v2 enclosure drawing in:  https://www.dropbox.com/sh/0ir0l9jjmk6p95e/AADwWXorcKuNpPR5em7VgrEja?dl=0

5.6  Connect to RS485 Sensors

WSC1-L includes a RS485 converter PCB. Which help it easy to connect multiply RS485 sensors. Below is the photo for reference.

1656054389031-379.png

Hardware Design for the Converter Board please see:

https://www.dropbox.com/sh/bqyvsvitb70qtgf/AABLpD7_yxsQ_drVMxHIEI7wa?dl=0

6.  Weather Sensors

6.1  Rain Gauge -- WSS-01

WSS-01 RS485 Rain Gauge is used in meteorology and hydrology to gather and measure the amount of liquid precipitation (mainly rainfall) over an area.

WSS-01 uses a tipping bucket to detect rainfall. The tipping bucket use 3D streamline shape to make sure it works smoothly and is easy to clean.

WSS-01 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-01 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the rainfall to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol

The tipping bucket of WSS-01 is adjusted to the best angle. When installation, user only needs to screw up and adjust the bottom horizontally.

WSS-01 package includes screw which can be installed to ground. If user want to install WSS-01 on pole, they can purchase WS-K2 bracket kit.

6.1.1  Feature

  • RS485 Rain Gauge
  • Small dimension, easy to install
  • Vents under funnel, avoid leaf or other things to avoid rain flow.
  • ABS enclosure.
  • Horizontal adjustable.

6.1.2  Specification

  • Resolution: 0.2mm
  • Accuracy: ±3%
  • Range: 0 ~ 100mm
  • Rainfall strength: 0mm ~ 4mm/min (max 8mm/min)
  • Input Power: DC 5 ~ 24v
  • Interface: RS485
  • Working Temperature: 0℃ ~ 70℃ (incorrect below 0 degree, because water become ICE)
  • Working Humidity: <100% (no dewing)
  • Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v.

6.1.3  Dimension

 1656054957406-980.png

6.1.4  Pin Mapping

1656054972828-692.png

6.1.5  Installation Notice

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

Installation Photo as reference:

 Install on Ground:

WSS-01 Rain Gauge include screws so can install in ground directly .

 Install on pole:

If user want to install on pole, they can purchase the  WS-K2 :  Bracket Kit for Pole installation, and install as below:

image-20220624152218-1.png  

WS-K2: Bracket Kit for Pole installation

WSSC-K2 dimension document, please see:

https://www.dropbox.com/sh/7wa2elfm2q8xq4l/AAB7ZB_gSVGrhmJEgU2LyTQNa?dl=0

6.2  Wind Speed/Direction -- WSS-02

1656055444035-179.png

WSS-02 is a RS485 wind speed and wind direction monitor designed for weather station solution.

WSS-02 shell is made of polycarbonate composite material, which has good anti-corrosion and anti-corrosion characteristics, and ensure the long-term use of the sensor without rust. At the same time, it cooperates with the internal smooth bearing system to ensure the stability of information collection

Users only need to connect WSS-02 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the wind speed and direction to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

6.2.1  Feature

  • RS485 wind speed / direction sensor
  • PC enclosure, resist corrosion

6.2.2  Specification

  • Wind speed range: 0 ~ 60m/s
  • Wind direction range: 0 ~ 360°
  • Start wind speed: ≤0.3 m/s
  • Accuracy: ±(0.3+0.03V) m/s , ±1°
  • Input Power: DC 5 ~ 24v
  • Interface: RS485
  • Working Temperature: -30℃ ~ 70℃
  • Working Humidity: <100% (no dewing)
  • Power Consumption: 13mA ~ 12v.
  • Cable Length: 2 meters

6.2.3  Dimension

image-20220624152813-2.png

6.2.4  Pin Mapping

1656056281231-994.png

6.2.5  Angle Mapping

1656056303845-585.png

6.2.6  Installation Notice

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

The sensor must be installed with below direction, towards North.

 

image-20220624153901-3.png

6.3  CO2/PM2.5/PM10 -- WSS-03

WSS-03 is a RS485 Air Quality sensor. It can monitor CO2, PM2.5 and PM10 at the same time.

WSS-03 uses weather proof shield which can make sure the sensors are well protected against UV & radiation. 

WSS-03 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-03 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the environment CO2, PM2.5 and PM10 to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

6.3.1  Feature

  • RS485 CO2, PM2.5, PM10 sensor
  • NDIR to measure CO2 with Internal Temperature Compensation
  • Laser Beam Scattering to PM2.5 and PM10

6.3.2  Specification

  • CO2 Range: 0 ~ 5000ppm, accuracy: ±3%F•S(25℃)
  • CO2 resolution: 1ppm
  • PM2.5/PM10 Range: 0 ~ 1000μg/m3 , accuracy ±3%F•S(25℃)
  • PM2.5/PM10 resolution: 1μg/m3
  • Input Power: DC 7 ~ 24v
  • Preheat time: 3min
  • Interface: RS485
  • Working Temperature:
    • CO2: 0℃ ~ 50℃;
    • PM2.5/PM10: -30 ~ 50℃
  • Working Humidity:
    • PM2.5/PM10: 15 ~ 80%RH (no dewing)
    • CO2: 0 ~ 95%RH
  • Power Consumption: 50mA@ 12v.

6.3.3  Dimension

1656056708366-230.png

6.3.4  Pin Mapping

1656056722648-743.png

6.3.5  Installation Notice

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1656056751153-304.png

1656056766224-773.png

6.4  Rain/Snow Detect -- WSS-04

WSS-04 is a RS485 rain / snow detect sensor. It can monitor Rain or Snow event.

WSS-04 has auto heating feature, this ensures measurement more reliable.

WSS-04 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-04 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the SNOW/Rain Event to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

6.4.1  Feature

  • RS485 Rain/Snow detect sensor
  • Surface heating to dry
  • grid electrode uses Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold design for resist corrosion

6.4.2  Specification

  • Detect if there is rain or snow
  • Input Power: DC 12 ~ 24v
  • Interface: RS485
  • Working Temperature: -30℃ ~ 70℃
  • Working Humidity: 10 ~ 90%RH
  • Power Consumption:
    • No heating: 12mA @ 12v,
    • heating: 94ma @ 12v.

6.4.3  Dimension

1656056844782-155.png

6.4.4  Pin Mapping

1656056855590-754.png

6.4.5  Installation Notice

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

Install with 15°degree.

 1656056873783-780.png

1656056883736-804.png

6.4.6  Heating

WSS-04 supports auto-heat feature. When the temperature is below the heat start temperature 15℃, WSS-04 starts to heat and stop at stop temperature (default is 25℃).

6.5  Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure -- WSS-05

WSS-05 is a 4 in 1 RS485 sensor which can monitor Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance and Pressure at the same time.

WSS-05 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-05 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload environment Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

6.5.1  Feature

  • RS485 Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure sensor

6.5.2  Specification

  • Input Power: DC 12 ~ 24v
  • Interface: RS485
  • Temperature Sensor Spec:
    • Range: -30 ~ 70℃
    • resolution 0.1℃
    • Accuracy: ±0.5℃
  • Humidity Sensor Spec:
    • Range: 0 ~ 100% RH
    • resolution 0.1 %RH
    • Accuracy: 3% RH
  • Pressure Sensor Spec:
    • Range: 10 ~ 1100hPa
    • Resolution: 0.1hPa
    • Accuracy: ±0.1hPa
  • Illuminate sensor:
    • Range: 0~2/20/200kLux
    • Resolution: 10 Lux
    • Accuracy: ±3%FS
  • Working Temperature: -30℃ ~ 70℃
  • Working Humidity: 10 ~ 90%RH
  • Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v

6.5.3  Dimension

1656057170639-522.png

6.5.4  Pin Mapping

1656057181899-910.png

6.5.5  Installation Notice

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1656057199955-514.png

1656057212438-475.png

6.6  Total Solar Radiation sensor -- WSS-06

WSS-06 is Total Radiation Sensor can be used to measure the total solar radiation in the spectral range of 0.3 to 3 μm (300 to 3000 nm). If the sensor face is down, the reflected radiation can be measured, and the shading ring can also be used to measure the scattered radiation.

The core device of the radiation sensor is a high-precision photosensitive element, which has good stability and high precision; at the same time, a precision-machined PTTE radiation cover is installed outside the sensing element, which effectively prevents environmental factors from affecting its performance

WSS-06 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution.  Users only need to connect WSS-06 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload Total Solar Radiation to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

6.6.1  Feature

  • RS485 Total Solar Radiation sensor
  • Measure Total Radiation between 0.3 ~ 3μm(300 ~ 3000nm)
  • Measure Reflected Radiation if sense area towards ground.

6.6.2  Specification

  • Input Power: DC 5 ~ 24v
  • Interface: RS485
  • Detect spectrum: 0.3 ~ 3μm(300~3000nm)
  • Measure strength range: 0 ~ 2000W/m2
  • Resolution: 0.1W/m2
  • Accuracy: ±3%
  • Yearly Stability: ≤±2%
  • Cosine response: ≤7% (@ Sun angle 10°)
  • Temperature Effect: ±2% (-10℃ ~ 40℃)
  • Working Temperature: -40℃ ~ 70℃
  • Working Humidity: 10 ~ 90%RH
  • Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v

6.6.3  Dimension

1656057348695-898.png

6.6.4  Pin Mapping

1656057359343-744.png

6.6.5  Installation Notice

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1656057369259-804.png

1656057377943-564.png

6.7  PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation) -- WSS-07

WSS-07 photosynthetically active radiation sensor is mainly used to measure the photosynthetically active radiation of natural light in the wavelength range of 400-700nm.

WSS-07 use precision optical detectors and has an optical filter of 400-700nm, when natural light is irradiated, a voltage signal proportional to the intensity of the incident radiation is generated, and its luminous flux density is proportional to the cosine of the direct angle of the incident light.

WSS-07 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-07 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload Photosynthetically Available Radiation to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

6.7.1  Feature

PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation) sensor measure 400 ~ 700nm wavelength nature light's Photosynthetically Available Radiation.

When nature light shine on the sense area, it will generate a signal base on the incidence radiation strength.

6.7.2  Specification

  • Input Power: DC 5 ~ 24v
  • Interface: RS485
  • Response Spectrum: 400~700nm
  • Measure range: 0 ~ 2500μmol/m2•s
  • Resolution: 1μmol/m2•s
  • Accuracy: ±2%
  • Yearly Stability: ≤ ±2%
  • Working Temperature: -30℃ ~ 75℃
  • Working Humidity: 10 ~ 90%RH
  • Power Consumption: 3mA @ 12v

6.7.3  Dimension

1656057538793-888.png

6.7.4  Pin Mapping

1656057548116-203.png

6.7.5  Installation Notice

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1656057557191-895.png

1656057565783-251.png

7.  FAQ

7.1  What else do I need to purchase to build Weather Station?

Below is the installation photo and structure:

1656057598349-319.png

1656057608049-693.png

7.2  How to upgrade firmware for WSC1-L?

Firmware Upgrade instruction:  Firmware Upgrade Instruction 

7.3  How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region?

User can follow the introduction for how to upgrade image. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.

7.4  Can I add my weather sensors?

Yes, connect the sensor to RS485 bus and see instruction:  add sensors.

7.5 Where can i find the modbus command for the WSS sensors?

See this link for the modbus command set.

7.6  How to change the data read by the rain gauge?

Users can run the AT+RAINFALLSWITCH command to query the data of the rain gauge.

AT+RAINFALLSWITCH=10(Range: 3,4,5,6,8,10)

Rainfall query value:

3:The total rainfall after the sensor is powered on  (for example  Total rainfall: 166.5mm)

4:Current Hourly rainfall: etc 0.2mm

5:Rainfall in last hour:etc 0.2mm

6:24-hour maximum rainfall etc  10.0mm

8:24-hour minimum rainfall:etc  0.0mm

10:Rainfall in 24 hours: 8.0mm   (Rainfall in the last 24 hours)

8.  Trouble Shooting

8.1  AT Command input doesn't work

In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the ENTER while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send ENTER while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string. 

9.  Order Info

9.1  Main Process Unit

Part Number: WSC1-L-XX

XX: The default frequency band

  • AS923: LoRaWAN AS923 band
  • AU915: LoRaWAN AU915 band
  • EU433: LoRaWAN EU433 band
  • EU868: LoRaWAN EU868 band
  • KR920: LoRaWAN KR920 band
  • US915: LoRaWAN US915 band
  • IN865: LoRaWAN IN865 band
  • CN470: LoRaWAN CN470 band

9.2  Sensors

Sensor ModelPart Number
Rain GaugeWSS-01
Rain Gauge installation Bracket for PoleWS-K2
Wind Speed Direction 2 in 1 SensorWSS-02
CO2/PM2.5/PM10 3 in 1 SensorWSS-03
Rain/Snow Detect SensorWSS-04
Temperature, Humidity, illuminance and Pressure 4 in 1 sensorWSS-05
Total Solar Radiation SensorWSS-06
PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation)WSS-07

10.  Support

  • Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
  • Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to support@dragino.com.

11.  Appendix I: Field Installation Photo

1656058346362-132.png

Storage Battery: 12v,12AH li battery

Wind Speed/Direction

1656058373174-421.png

Total Solar Radiation sensor

1656058397364-282.png

PAR Sensor

1656058416171-615.png

CO2/PM2.5/PM10 3 in 1 sensor

1656058441194-827.png

Rain / Snow Detect

1656058451456-166.png

Rain Gauge

1656058463455-569.png

 

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