Version 151.3 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/07 09:31
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107 == 1.3  Features ==
108
109 * Open Source OpenWrt system
110 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
111 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
112 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
113 * LoRaWAN Gateway
114 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
115 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
116 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
117 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
118 * Support different level log in.
119 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
120 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
121 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
122
123
124 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
125
126 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
127
128
129 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
130
131 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
132
133
134 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
135
136
137 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
138
139 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
140 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
141 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
142 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
143 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
144 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
145
146 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
147
148
149 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
150
151 (((
152 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
153 )))
154
155
156 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
157
158 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
159
160 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
161
162
163 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
164
165 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
166
167
168 (((
169 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
170
171
172
173 )))
174
175 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
176
177 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
178
179
180 (((
181 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
182
183
184
185 )))
186
187 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
188
189 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
190
191
192 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
193
194
195
196 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
197
198 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
199
200
201
202 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
203
204 **Web Interface**
205
206 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
207
208 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
209
210 or
211
212 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
213
214
215 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
216
217 The account details for Web Login are:
218
219 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
220
221 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
222
223 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
224
225
226
227 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
228
229 == 3.1  Overview ==
230
231 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
232
233 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
234 * **WiFi Client Mode**
235 * **WiFi AP Mode**
236
237
238 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
239
240 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
241
242
243 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
244
245
246 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
247
248 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
249
250 (((
251 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
252
253 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
254 )))
255
256
257 (((
258 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
259
260
261 )))
262
263 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
264
265 (((
266 (((
267 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
268 )))
269
270
271 (((
272 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
273 )))
274
275 (((
276 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
277 )))
278 )))
279
280
281 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
282
283 (((
284
285 )))
286
287 (((
288 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
289 )))
290
291 (((
292 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
293 )))
294
295 (((
296 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
297 )))
298
299
300 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
301
302 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
303
304 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
305 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
306 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
307
308 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
309
310
311
312 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
313
314 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
315
316 (((
317 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
318 )))
319
320 (((
321 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
322 )))
323
324
325
326 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
327
328 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
329
330 (((
331 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
332 )))
333
334 (((
335 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
336 )))
337
338 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
339
340
341 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
342
343 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
344
345 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
346
347
348 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
349
350 (((
351 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
352 )))
353
354 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
355
356
357 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
358 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
359 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
360 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
361
362
363 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
364
365 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
366
367 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
368
369
370 Open the following page:
371
372
373 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
374
375
376 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
377
378
379 (((
380 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
381 )))
382
383 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
384
385 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
386
387
388 == 4.2  Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
389
390 (((
391 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
392 )))
393
394 (((
395 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
396 )))
397
398 (((
399 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
400 )))
401
402 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
403
404 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
405
406
407 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
408
409 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
410
411
412 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
413
414 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
415
416
417 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
418
419 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
420
421 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
422
423
424 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
425
426 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
427
428
429 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
430
431 (((
432 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
433 )))
434
435 (((
436 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
437 )))
438
439 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
440
441 (((
442 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
443
444
445 )))
446
447 (((
448 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
449 )))
450
451 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
452 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
453 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
454
455 (((
456 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
457 )))
458
459 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
460
461 (((
462 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
463
464
465 )))
466
467 (((
468 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
469 )))
470
471 (((
472 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
473 )))
474
475 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
476
477 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
478
479
480 Start Register the end device
481
482 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
483
484 (((
485 Select OTAA activation mode
486
487
488 )))
489
490 (((
491 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
492 )))
493
494 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
495
496 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
497
498
499 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
500
501 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
502
503
504 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
505
506 (((
507 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
508
509
510 )))
511
512 (((
513 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
514 )))
515
516 (((
517 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
518 )))
519
520 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
521
522
523 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
524
525 == 5.1  Home ==
526
527 Shows the system running status.
528
529 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
530
531
532 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
533
534 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
535
536 (((
537 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
538 )))
539
540 (((
541 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
542 )))
543
544 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
545 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
546
547 (((
548
549
550 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
551 )))
552
553 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
554
555 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
556
557
558 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
559
560 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
561
562 * No internet connection.
563 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
564
565 (((
566 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
567 )))
568
569 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
570
571
572 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
573
574 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
575
576 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
577
578 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
579
580 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
581
582 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
583
584 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
585
586 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
587
588
589 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
590
591 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
592
593 (((
594 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
595
596
597 )))
598
599 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
600
601 (((
602 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
603 )))
604
605 (((
606 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
607 )))
608
609 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
610
611
612 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
613
614 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
615
616 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
617
618
619 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
620
621
622 == 5.5  System ==
623
624 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
625
626 Shows the system info:
627
628 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
629
630
631
632 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
633
634 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
635
636 (((
637 **__System Password:__**
638 )))
639
640 (((
641 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
642 )))
643
644 (((
645 This page can be used to set the password for them.
646 )))
647
648 (((
649 **__Timezone:  __**Set device timezone.
650 )))
651
652 (((
653 **__Port forwarding:  __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
654
655
656
657 )))
658
659 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
660
661 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
662
663 (((
664 **__LAN Settings:    __**When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
665 )))
666
667 (((
668 __**WAN Settings:  **__Setting for LPS8N WAN port
669 )))
670
671 (((
672 __**WiFi Settings:   **__Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
673
674
675
676 )))
677
678 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
679
680 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
681
682 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
683
684
685
686 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
687
688 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
689
690
691 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
692
693 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
694
695
696
697 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
698
699
700 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
701
702
703
704 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
705
706 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:(% style="display:none" %)
707
708 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
709
710 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
711
712 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
713
714
715 Please see this document for detail:(% style="display:none" %)
716
717 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
718
719
720 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
721
722 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
723
724
725
726 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
727
728 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
729
730 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
731
732 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
733
734 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
735
736 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
737
738
739 (((
740 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
741 )))
742
743 (((
744 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
745 )))
746
747 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
748
749 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
750
751
752 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
753
754 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
755
756 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
757
758 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
759
760 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
761
762 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
763
764
765 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
766
767
768 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
769
770 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
771
772 (((
773
774
775
776 )))
777
778 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
779
780
781 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
782
783 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
784
785
786
787 == 5.6  LogRead ==
788
789 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
790
791
792 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
793
794 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
795
796
797
798 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
799
800 Show the system log
801
802 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
803
804
805
806 = 6.  More features =
807
808 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
809
810 Drop unwanted packets.
811
812 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
813
814
815 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
816
817 Remote Access Devices for management.
818
819 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/]]
820
821
822 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
823
824 Decode ABP:
825
826 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
827
828
829 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
830
831 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
832
833 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
834
835
836 == 6.5  More instructions ==
837
838 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
839
840
841 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
842
843 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
844
845 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
846
847 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
848
849 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
850
851 Please see this document for detail:
852
853 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
854
855 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
856
857 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
858
859 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
860
861 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
862
863 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
864
865 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
866
867 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
868
869 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
870
871 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
872
873 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
874
875 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
876
877 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
878
879 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
880
881 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
882
883
884 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
885
886 (((
887 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
888 )))
889
890 (((
891 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
892 )))
893
894 (((
895 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
896 )))
897
898 (((
899 Screenshot is as below:
900 )))
901
902 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
903
904
905 == 7.3 File System ==
906
907 (((
908 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
909 )))
910
911 (((
912 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
913 )))
914
915 (((
916 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
917 )))
918
919
920 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
921
922 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
923
924 (((
925 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
926 )))
927
928 (((
929 **In Linux Console run:**
930 )))
931
932 (((
933 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
934 )))
935
936 (((
937 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
938 )))
939
940 (((
941 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
942 )))
943
944 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
945
946
947 (((
948 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
949 )))
950
951 (((
952 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
953 )))
954
955 (((
956 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
957 )))
958
959 (((
960 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
961 )))
962
963 (((
964 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
965 )))
966
967 (((
968 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
969 )))
970
971 (((
972 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
973 )))
974
975 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
976
977
978 = 9. FAQ =
979
980 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
981
982 (((
983 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
984 )))
985
986 (((
987
988 )))
989
990 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
991
992 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
993
994
995 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
996
997 (((
998 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
999 )))
1000
1001 (((
1002 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1003 )))
1004
1005
1006 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1007
1008 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1009
1010
1011 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
1012
1013 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1014
1015 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1016
1017 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1018
1019 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1020
1021 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1022
1023 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1024
1025 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1026
1027 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1028
1029 (((
1030 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1031 )))
1032
1033 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1034
1035
1036 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1037
1038 (((
1039 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1040 )))
1041
1042 (((
1043
1044 )))
1045
1046 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1047
1048 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
1049
1050 (((
1051 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1052 )))
1053
1054 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1055
1056
1057 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1058
1059 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
1060
1061 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
1062 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1063 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1064
1065 As below photo:
1066
1067 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1068
1069 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1070
1071 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1072
1073
1074 = 11. Order Info =
1075
1076 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1077
1078 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1079
1080 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1081 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1082
1083 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1084
1085 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1086 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1087 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1088 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1089
1090 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1091
1092
1093 = 12. Packing Info =
1094
1095 (((
1096 **Package Includes**:
1097 )))
1098
1099 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1100 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1101 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1102
1103 (((
1104 **Dimension and weight**:
1105 )))
1106
1107 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1108 * Weight: 187g
1109 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1110 * Weight: 300g
1111
1112 = 13. Support =
1113
1114 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1115 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1116 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1117 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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