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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
4
5
6
7 **Table of Contents:**
8
9 {{toc/}}
10
11
12
13
14
15
16 = 1.  Introduction =
17
18 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
19
20
21 (((
22 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
23 )))
24
25 (((
26 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
27 )))
28
29 (((
30 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
31 )))
32
33 (((
34 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
35 )))
36
37 (((
38
39 )))
40
41 [[image:image-20220826090251-1.png]]
42
43
44 == 1.2  Specifications ==
45
46
47 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
48
49 (((
50 Linux Part:
51 )))
52
53 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
54 * 64MB RAM
55 * 16MB Flash
56
57 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
58
59 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
60 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
61 * LoRaWAN Wireless
62 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
63 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
64 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
65 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
66
67 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
68
69 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
70 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
71 * Tx power:
72 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
73 ** 11b tx power: 18db
74 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
75 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
76 * Wifi Sensitivity
77 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
78 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
79
80 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
81
82 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
83 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
84 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
85 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
86 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
87 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
88 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
89 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
90
91 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
92
93 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
94 * Micro SIM Slot
95 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
96 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
97 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
98 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
99
100
101 == 1.3  Features ==
102
103
104 * Open Source OpenWrt system
105 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
106 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
107 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
108 * LoRaWAN Gateway
109 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
110 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
111 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
112 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
113 * Support different level log in.
114 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
115 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
116 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
117
118
119 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
120
121
122 [[image:image-20220830153228-1.png]]
123
124
125 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
126
127
128 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
129
130
131 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
132
133
134 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
135
136 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
137 * **Wireless LED** [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LG308N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220705165446-6.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220705165446-6.png" height="15" width="15"]]: No function yet.
138 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
139 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
140 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
141 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
142
143 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
144
145
146 == 1.7 Button Instruction ==
147
148
149 LPS8N has a black toggle button, which is:
150
151
152 (% style="color:blue" %)**//➢ //Long press 4-5s:                     **(%%)the gateway will reload the Network and Initialize wifi configuration
153
154 **LED status: ** SYS LED will BLINKING BLUE Until the reload is finished.
155
156
157 (% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Long press more than 30s:    **(%%)the gateway will restart and restore factory settings.
158
159 **LED status: ** When the user releases the button, the LED will TURN OFF.
160
161
162 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
163
164
165 (((
166 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
167 )))
168
169
170 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
171
172 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
173
174
175 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
176
177
178 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
179
180
181 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
182
183
184 (((
185 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
186
187
188 )))
189
190 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
191
192
193 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
194
195
196 (((
197 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
198
199
200 )))
201
202 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
203
204
205 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
206
207
208 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
209
210
211 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
212
213
214 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
215
216
217 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
218
219
220 **Web Interface**
221
222 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
223
224 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
225
226 or
227
228 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
229
230
231 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
232
233 The account details for Web Login are:
234
235 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
236
237 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
238
239 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
240
241
242 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
243
244 == 3.1  Overview ==
245
246
247 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
248
249 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
250 * **WiFi Client Mode**
251 * **WiFi AP Mode**
252
253
254 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
255
256
257 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
258
259
260 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
261
262
263 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
264
265
266 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
267
268 (((
269 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
270
271
272 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
273 )))
274
275
276 (((
277 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
278
279
280 )))
281
282 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
283
284
285 (((
286 (((
287 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
288 )))
289
290
291 (((
292 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
293 )))
294
295 (((
296 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
297 )))
298 )))
299
300
301 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
302
303 (((
304
305 )))
306
307 (((
308 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
309 )))
310
311 (((
312 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
313
314
315 )))
316
317 (((
318 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
319 )))
320
321
322 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
323
324
325 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
326
327 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
328 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
329 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
330
331 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
332
333
334 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
335
336
337 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
338
339
340 (((
341 [[image:image-20220826090251-1.png]]
342 )))
343
344 (((
345 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
346 )))
347
348
349 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
350
351
352 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
353
354
355 (((
356 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
357
358
359 )))
360
361 (((
362 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
363
364
365 )))
366
367 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
368
369
370
371 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
372
373
374 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
375
376
377 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
378
379
380
381 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
382
383
384 (((
385 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
386
387
388 )))
389
390 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
391
392
393 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
394 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
395 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
396 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
397
398
399 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
400
401
402 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
403
404 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
405
406
407 Open the following page:
408
409
410 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
411
412
413 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
414
415
416 (((
417 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
418
419
420 )))
421
422 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
423
424 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
425
426
427 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
428
429
430 (((
431 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
432 )))
433
434 (((
435 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
436 )))
437
438 (((
439 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply.**
440
441
442 )))
443
444 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
445
446
447 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
448
449
450 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
451
452
453 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
454
455
456
457 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
458
459 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
460
461
462 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
463
464
465 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
466
467
468 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
469
470
471
472 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
473
474 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
475
476
477 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
478
479
480 (((
481 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
482 )))
483
484 (((
485 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
486 )))
487
488 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
489
490
491 (((
492 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
493
494
495 )))
496
497 (((
498 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
499 )))
500
501 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
502 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
503 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
504
505 (((
506 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
507
508
509 )))
510
511 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
512
513
514 (((
515 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
516
517
518 )))
519
520 (((
521 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
522 )))
523
524 (((
525 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
526
527
528 )))
529
530 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
531
532 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
533
534
535 Start Register the end device
536
537 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
538
539 (((
540 Select OTAA activation mode
541
542
543 )))
544
545 (((
546 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
547 )))
548
549 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
550
551 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
552
553
554 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
555
556 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
557
558
559 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
560
561 (((
562 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
563
564
565 )))
566
567 (((
568 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
569
570
571 )))
572
573 (((
574 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
575
576
577 )))
578
579 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
580
581
582 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
583
584 == 5.1  Home ==
585
586
587 Shows the system running status.
588
589
590 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
591
592
593 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
594
595 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
596
597
598 (((
599 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
600 )))
601
602 (((
603 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
604 )))
605
606 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
607 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
608
609 (((
610
611
612 (((
613 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
614
615
616 )))
617 )))
618
619 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
620
621 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
622
623
624 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
625
626
627 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
628
629 * No internet connection.
630 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
631
632 (((
633 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
634
635
636 )))
637
638 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
639
640
641 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
642
643 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
644
645
646 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc.
647
648
649 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
650
651
652 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
653
654 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
655
656 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
657
658 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
659
660
661 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
662
663
664 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
665
666
667 (((
668 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
669
670
671 )))
672
673 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
674
675
676 (((
677 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
678 )))
679
680 (((
681 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
682
683
684 )))
685
686 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
687
688
689 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
690
691
692 (((
693 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
694 )))
695
696 (((
697 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
698 )))
699
700
701 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
702
703
704 == 5.5  System ==
705
706 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
707
708
709 Shows the system info:
710
711
712 [[image:image-20220826091810-6.png]]
713
714
715 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
716
717
718 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
719
720
721 (((
722 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
723 )))
724
725 (((
726 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:blue" %)**root /dragino** (%%)or (% style="color:blue" %)**admin /dragino**. (%%)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
727 )))
728
729 (((
730 This page can be used to set the password for them.
731 )))
732
733 (((
734 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
735 )))
736
737 (((
738 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
739
740
741 )))
742
743 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
744
745
746 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
747
748
749 (((
750 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
751 )))
752
753 (((
754 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
755 )))
756
757 (((
758 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
759
760
761 )))
762
763 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
764
765
766 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
767
768
769 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
770
771
772 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
773
774
775 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
776
777
778 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
779
780
781 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
782
783
784 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
785
786
787 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
788
789
790 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
791
792
793 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
794
795
796 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
797
798 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
799
800 (% style="display:none" %)
801
802 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
803
804 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
805
806 [[image:image-20220826091725-5.png||height="479" width="1004"]]
807
808
809 (((
810 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
811 )))
812
813 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
814
815 (((
816 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
817
818
819 )))
820
821 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
822
823
824 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
825
826
827 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
828
829 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
830
831 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
832
833 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
834
835 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
836
837
838 (((
839 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
840 )))
841
842 (((
843 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
844
845
846 )))
847
848 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
849
850
851 (((
852 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
853 )))
854
855
856 (((
857 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
858
859
860 )))
861
862 (((
863 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
864
865
866 )))
867
868 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
869
870
871 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
872
873 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
874
875 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
876
877
878 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
879
880
881 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
882
883
884 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
885
886 (((
887
888 )))
889
890 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
891
892
893 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
894
895
896 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
897
898
899 == 5.6  LogRead ==
900
901 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
902
903
904 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
905
906
907 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
908
909
910 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
911
912
913 Show the system log
914
915
916 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
917
918
919 = 6.  More features =
920
921 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
922
923
924 (((
925 Drop unwanted packets.
926 )))
927
928 (((
929 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
930 )))
931
932
933 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
934
935
936 (((
937 Remote Access Devices for management.
938 )))
939
940 (((
941 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
942 )))
943
944
945 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
946
947
948 (((
949 Decode ABP:
950 )))
951
952 (((
953 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
954 )))
955
956
957 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
958
959
960 (((
961 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
962 )))
963
964 (((
965 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
966 )))
967
968
969 == 6.5  More instructions ==
970
971
972 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
973
974
975 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
976
977
978 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
979
980 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
981
982 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
983
984 [[image:image-20220826091546-4.png]](% style="display:none" %)
985
986
987 (((
988 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
989 )))
990
991 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
992
993 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
994
995
996 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
997
998 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
999
1000 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
1001
1002
1003 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
1004
1005 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1006
1007 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1008
1009 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1010
1011 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1012
1013 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1014
1015
1016 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1017
1018
1019 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1020
1021
1022 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1023
1024
1025 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1026
1027
1028 (((
1029 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1030 )))
1031
1032 (((
1033 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1034 )))
1035
1036 (((
1037 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1038 )))
1039
1040 (((
1041 Screenshot is as below:
1042 )))
1043
1044 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1045
1046
1047 == 7.3  File System ==
1048
1049
1050 (((
1051 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1052 )))
1053
1054 (((
1055 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1056 )))
1057
1058 (((
1059 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1060 )))
1061
1062
1063 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1064
1065
1066 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1067
1068 (((
1069 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1070 )))
1071
1072 (((
1073 **In Linux Console run:**
1074 )))
1075
1076 (((
1077 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1078 )))
1079
1080 (((
1081 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1082 )))
1083
1084 (((
1085 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1086 )))
1087
1088 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1089
1090
1091 (((
1092 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1093 )))
1094
1095 (((
1096 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1097 )))
1098
1099 (((
1100 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1101 )))
1102
1103 (((
1104 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1105 )))
1106
1107 (((
1108 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1109 )))
1110
1111 (((
1112 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1113 )))
1114
1115 (((
1116 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1117
1118
1119 )))
1120
1121 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1122
1123
1124 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1125
1126 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1127
1128 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1129
1130 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1131
1132 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1133
1134
1135 (((
1136 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1137 )))
1138
1139
1140 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1141
1142
1143 (((
1144 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1145 )))
1146
1147 (((
1148 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1149 )))
1150
1151
1152 (((
1153 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1154 )))
1155
1156
1157 (((
1158 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1159
1160
1161 )))
1162
1163 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1164
1165
1166 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1167
1168
1169 (((
1170 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1171 )))
1172
1173 (((
1174 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1175 )))
1176
1177
1178 (((
1179 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1180 )))
1181
1182
1183 = 9. OTA System Update =
1184
1185
1186 LPS8N supports system auto update via OTA, please see **[[this URL>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/OTA%20Update/]]** for the detail of this feature.
1187
1188
1189 = 10.  FAQ =
1190
1191 == 10.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1192
1193
1194 (((
1195 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1196 )))
1197
1198 (((
1199
1200 )))
1201
1202 == 10.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1203
1204
1205 (((
1206 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1207 )))
1208
1209 (((
1210 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1211 )))
1212
1213 (((
1214
1215 )))
1216
1217 == 10.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1218
1219
1220 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1221
1222
1223 = 11.  Trouble Shooting =
1224
1225 == 11.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1226
1227
1228 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1229
1230 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1231
1232 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1233
1234 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1235
1236 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1237
1238 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1239
1240 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1241
1242 (((
1243 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1244 )))
1245
1246 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1247
1248
1249 == 11.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1250
1251
1252 (((
1253 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1254 )))
1255
1256 (((
1257
1258 )))
1259
1260 == 11.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1261
1262
1263 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1264
1265
1266 (((
1267 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1268 )))
1269
1270 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1271
1272
1273 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1274
1275 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1276
1277 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1278 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1279 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1280
1281
1282 As below photo:
1283
1284 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1285
1286
1287 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1288
1289 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1290
1291
1292 == 11.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1293
1294
1295 (((
1296 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1297 )))
1298
1299 (((
1300 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1301 )))
1302
1303
1304 = 12.  Order Info =
1305
1306
1307 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1308
1309 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1310
1311 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1312 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1313
1314 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1315
1316 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1317 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1318 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1319 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1320
1321 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1322
1323
1324 = 13.  Packing Info =
1325
1326
1327 (((
1328 **Package Includes**:
1329 )))
1330
1331 * LPS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1332 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1333 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1334
1335 (((
1336 **Dimension and weight**:
1337 )))
1338
1339 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1340 * Weight: 187g
1341 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1342 * Weight: 300g
1343
1344
1345 = 14.  Support =
1346
1347
1348 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1349 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1350 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1351 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
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