WSC2-L -- Weather Station Kit User Manual

The Dragino WSC2-L is the main unit in Dragino Weather Station solution which desianed for (% style="color:blue" %)**measuring atmospheric conditions**(%%) to provide information for weatherforecasts and to study the weather and climate.

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WSC2-L can reads values from various sensors and upload these sensor data to IoT server via LoRaWAN wireless protocol.

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WSC2-L supports input and (% style="color:blue" %)**12V recharge power**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**build in 1000mAh rechargeable Li-ion battery**(%%). lf the user needs to connect other sensors, please kindly note the (% style="color:blue" %)**externalpower supply is required**.

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WSC2-L supports connecting 3rd party RS485 multiple sensors. Users can purchase DR-F6C-4M one-to-four cables to connect more sensors according to their needs.

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== 1.2 Features & Spec for WSC2-L Transmitter ==

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* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A

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* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865

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* Ultra-low power consumption

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* Support reading the Rain Gauge, Wind Speed/Direction, CO2/PM2.5/PM10, Rain/Snow Detect, Temperature, Humidiity, Iillumiance, Pressure, Total Solar Radiation, PAR

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* Support WSS09 9 in 1 Sensors: Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Temperature, Humidity, Air Pressure, Illumination, PM2.5, PM10, Noise & Rain Gauge

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* RS485 Interface for 3rd party Sensors

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* Support WSS08 optical Rain Gauge or tipping bucket Rain Gauge

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* Support Bluetooth v5.1 and LoRaWAN remote configure

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* Support wireless OTA update firmware

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* AT Commands to change parameters

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* Downlink to change configure

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* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure

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* 1000mAh Rechargeable Li-ion Battery

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* Input and Recharge power: 12v

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== 1.3 Specification for WSS-09 9 in 1 weather sensors ==

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**~ Older versions of interfaces** **New version of the interface**

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[[image:image-20240708092247-1.png||height="264" width="240"]] [[image:image-20250505190455-1.png||height="283" width="226"]]

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More Detail: [[WSS-09 Manual.>>doc:Main.Agriculture & Weather Stations.WebHome||anchor="H1.WSS099in1WeatherStationSensor"]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Wind Speed:**

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* Range: 0~~60m/s

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* Accuracy: ±(0.2m/s±0.02*v)(v : the wind speed)

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* Ultrasonic measurement,no start wind strength needed

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Wind Direction:**

* Range: 0~~3599

* Accuracy: ±3°

* Ultrasonic measurement,no start wind strength needed

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* Built-in electronic compass. No need to consider installation direction

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Temperature:**

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* Range: -40°C ~~ +80°C

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* Accuracy: ±0.5°C

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Humidity:**

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* Range: 0 ~~ 99% RH

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* Accuracy Tolerance : Typ ±3% RH

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Air Pressure:**

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* Accuracy: ±0.15kPa@25°C 101kPa

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* Range: 0~~120kPa

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Noise:**

* Range: 30dB~~120dB

* Accuracy: ±0.5dB

(% style="color:blue" %)**PM2.5:**

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* Range: 0~~1000ug/m3

* Accuracy: ±3%FS

* Resolution: 1ug/m3

(% style="color:blue" %)**PM10:**

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* Range: 0~~1000ug/m3

* Accuracy: ±3%FS

* Resolution: 1ug/m3

(% style="color:blue" %)**llumination:**

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* Range: 0~~200k Lux

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* Accuracy: ±7%(25 °C)

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== 1.4 Specification for WSS-08 Optical Rain Guage ==

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**Older versions of interfaces** **New version of the interface**

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[[image:image-20240707215336-2.png||height="147" width="201"]] [[image:image-20250505190636-2.png||height="158" width="201"]]

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* Input Power: 9~~30 VDC

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* Sense diameter: 6cm

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* Pulse Output

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More Detail: [[WSS-08 Manual.>>doc:Main.Agriculture & Weather Stations.WebHome||anchor="H2.WSS08OpticalRangeGuage"]]

= 2. How to use =

== 2.1 Installation ==

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Below is an installation example for the weather station:

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[[image:image-20240327231510-1.png||height="499" width="1156"]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)** Wiring:**

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1. WSC2-L and sensors all powered by solar power via MPPT

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1. WSC2-L Weather Station Kit already include 9 sensors.

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1. Possible to add optional 3rd sensors to measure more parameter

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(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1:**

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* All weather sensors and WSC2-L are powered by MPPT solar recharge controller. MPPT is connected to solar panel and storage battery.

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* Weather sensors won't work if solar panel and storage battery fails.

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(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2:**

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Due to shipment and importation limitation, user is better to purchase below parts locally:

* Solar Panel

* Storage Battery

* MPPT Solar Recharger

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* Cabinet.

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== 2.2 How it works? ==

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Each WSC2-L is shipped with a worldwide unique set of OTAA keys. To use WSC2-L in a LoRaWAN network, user needs to input the OTAA keys in LoRaWAN network server. After finish installation as above. Create WSC2-L in your LoRaWAN server and Power on WSC2-L , it can join the LoRaWAN network and start to transmit sensor data. The default period for each uplink is 20 minutes.

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== 2.3 Example to use for LoRaWAN network ==

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This section shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN IoT server. Usages with other LoRaWAN IoT servers are of similar procedure.

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Assume the DLOS8 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. We need to add the WSC2-L device in TTN V3:

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from WSC2-L.

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Each WSC2-L is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:

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[[image:image-20230426084533-1.png||height="231" width="497"]]

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User can enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:

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The user needs to press and hold the ACT button(Push button) for more than 3s to start the node.

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[[image:Main.User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes.D20-LBD22-LBD23-LB_LoRaWAN_Temperature_Sensor_User_Manual.WebHome@1675071855856-879.png||height="386" width="262"]]

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**Create the application.**

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[[image:image-20250530163301-2.jpeg]]

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[[image:image-20250530163311-3.jpeg]]

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**Add devices to the created Application.**

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[[image:image-20250530163335-4.jpeg]]

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[[image:image-20250530163350-5.jpeg]]

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**Enter end device specifics manually.**

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[[image:image-20250530163411-6.jpeg]]

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**Add DevEUI and AppKey.**

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**Customize a platform ID for the device.**

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[[image:image-20250530163435-7.jpeg]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Add decoder.

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In TTN, user can add a custom payload so it shows friendly reading.

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Click this link to get the decoder: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/WSC2-LB>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/WSC2-LB]]

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Below is TTN screen shot:

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[[image:image-20250530163456-8.jpeg]]

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[[image:image-20250530163514-9.jpeg]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%): Power on WSC2-L, it will start to join TTN server. After join success, it will start to upload sensor data to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.

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[[image:image-20250530163532-10.jpeg]]

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== 2.4 Uplink Payload ==

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Uplink payloads include two types: Valid Sensor Value and other status / control command.

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* Valid Sensor Value: Use FPORT=2

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* Other control command: Use FPORT other than 2.

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=== 2.4.1 Uplink FPORT~=5, Device Status ===

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Uplink the device configures with FPORT=5. Once WSC2-L Joined the network, it will uplink this message to the server.

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User can also use downlink command**(0x2601)** to ask WSC2-L to resend this uplink

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(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)

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|=(% style="width: 70px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Size(**bytes)|=(% style="width: 85px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)1|=(% style="width: 105px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 105px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 85px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**

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|(% style="width:99px" %)Value|(% style="width:112px" %)[[Sensor Model>>||anchor="HSensorModel:"]]|(% style="width:135px" %)[[Firmware Version>>||anchor="HFirmwareVersion:"]]|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Frequency Band>>||anchor="HFrequencyBand:"]]|(% style="width:85px" %)[[Sub-band>>||anchor="HSub-Band:"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="HBAT:"]]

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[[image:image-20240415092848-2.png||height="329" width="1045"]]

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Example Payload (FPort=5): [[image:image-20240415091027-1.png||height="16" width="104"]]

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==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Model:**(%%) ====

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For WSC2-L, this value is 0x2E.

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==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Firmware Version:**(%%) ====

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0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version.

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==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band:**(%%) ====

0x01: EU868

0x02: US915

0x03: IN865

0x04: AU915

0x05: KZ865

0x06: RU864

0x07: AS923

0x08: AS923-1

0x09: AS923-2

0x0a: AS923-3

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sub-Band:**(%%) ====

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value 0x00 ~~ 0x08(only for CN470, AU915,US915. Others are0x00)

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==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT:**(%%) ====

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shows the battery voltage for WSC2-L MCU.

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Ex1: 0x0FE4/1000 = 4068/1000=4.068V

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Users can also use the downlink command (0x2301) to change the uplink port of WSC2-L:

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Example**(%%) (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:0x23 01(Change to port 1)**

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[[image:image-20240413104831-3.png||height="364" width="934"]]

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=== 2.4.2 Uplink FPORT~=2, Real time sensor value ===

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WSC2-L will send this uplink after Device Config uplink once join LoRaWAN network successfully. And it will periodically send this uplink. Default interval is 20 minutes and [[can be changed>>||anchor="H3.1SetTransmitIntervalTime"]].

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Uplink uses FPORT=2 and every 20 minutes send one uplink by default.

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The upload length is dynamic, depends on what type of weather sensors are connected. The uplink payload is combined with sensor segments. As below:

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(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Uplink Payload**:

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(% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:464px" %)

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|(% style="width:140px" %)Sensor Segment 1|(% style="width:139px" %)Sensor Segment 2|(% style="width:42px" %)……|(% style="width:140px" %)Sensor Segment n

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(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Sensor Segment Define**:

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(% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:330px" %)

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|(% style="width:89px" %)Type Code|(% style="width:114px" %)Length (Bytes)|(% style="width:124px" %)Measured Value

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(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Sensor Type Table:**

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(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:515px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:80px" %)**Sensor Type**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:65px" %)**Type Code**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:116px" %)**Range**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:88px" %)**Length( Bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:166px" %)**Example**

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|(% style="width:103px" %)Wind Speed|(% style="width:91px" %)0x01|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

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Speed: 0 ~~ 60m/s

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)))|(% style="width:88px" %)0x02 |(% style="width:181px" %)(((

0x0028/100=0.40m/s

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|(% style="width:103px" %)(((

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Wind Direction

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)))|(% style="width:91px" %)0x03|(% style="width:116px" %)Direction: 0~~7|(% style="width:88px" %)0x02|(% style="width:181px" %)(((

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0X0004=3(Due north is 0, increasing clockwise, and due east is 2)

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|(% style="width:103px" %)Wind Angle|(% style="width:91px" %)0x04|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

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Angel: 0 ~~ 359°

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)))|(% style="width:88px" %)0x02|(% style="width:181px" %)(((

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0x02C9/10=66.6°(Due north is 0°, increasing clockwise, due east is 90°)

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0xFFDD/10=-3.5°C

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0x023e/10=57.4dB

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|(% style="width:103px" %)(((

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PM2.5 / CO2

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)))|(% style="width:91px" %)0x08|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

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PM2.5: 01000μg/m^^3^^

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CO2: 0~~5000ppm

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)))|(% style="width:88px" %)0x02|(% style="width:181px" %)(((

0x0023=35μg/m^^3 ^^

0x04fb=1275ppm

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|(% style="width:103px" %)PM10|(% style="width:91px" %)0x09|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

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PM10: 01000μg/m^^3^^

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)))|(% style="width:88px" %)0x02|(% style="width:181px" %)(((

0x002D=45μg/m^^3 ^^

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0x2748/10=1005.6kPa

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Below is an example payload: 0FF60100000000012F00280001000400AD025E0117023E0023003203ED0001678390A102FFFF

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When sending this payload to LoRaWAN server. WSC2-L will send this in one uplink or several uplinks according to LoRaWAN spec requirement. For example, total length of Payload is 54 bytes.

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When WSC2-L sending in US915 frequency DR0 data rate. Because this data rate has limitation of 11 bytes payload for each uplink. The payload will be split into below packets and uplink.

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Uplink 1: [[image:image-20240418135453-1.png||height="26" width="202"]](% style="display:none" %)

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Uplink 2: [[image:image-20240418141234-5.png||height="38" width="352"]](% style="display:none" %)

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When WSC2-L sending in EU868 frequency DR0 data rate. The payload will be split into below packets and uplink:

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Uplink 1: [[image:image-20240418141304-6.png||height="39" width="408"]]

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Uplink 2: [[image:image-20240418141312-7.png||height="24" width="74"]]

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=== 2.4.3 Decoder in TTN V3 ===

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In LoRaWAN platform, user only see HEX payload by default, user needs to use payload formatters to decode the payload to see human-readable value.

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Download decoder for suitable platform from: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder]]

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and put as below:

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[[image:image-20240413140757-2.png||height="423" width="892"]]

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== 2.5 Show data on Application Server ==

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Application platform provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have sensor data in TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are the steps:

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the LoRaWAN network.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Configure your Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. Go to TTN V3 Console ~-~-> Applications ~-~-> Integrations ~-~-> Add Integrations.

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[[image:1656051197172-131.png]]

**Add TagoIO:**

[[image:1656051223585-631.png]]

**Authorization:**

[[image:1656051248318-368.png]]

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In TagoIO console ([[https:~~/~~/admin.tago.io~~/~~/>>url:https://datacake.co/]]) , add WSC2-L:

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[[image:1656051277767-168.png]]

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== 2.6 Frequency Plans ==

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The WSC2-L uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. Each frequency band use different firmware, user update the firmware to the corresponding band for their country.

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[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20Frequency%20Band/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20Frequency%20Band/]]

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= 3. Configure WSC2-L =

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== 3.1 Configure Methods ==

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WSC2-L supports below configure method:

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* AT Command via Bluetooth Connection (**Recommended**): [[BLE Configure Instruction>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/BLE%20Bluetooth%20Remote%20Configure/]].

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* AT Command via UART Connection : See [[UART Connection>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H2.3UARTConnectionforSN50v3basemotherboard]].

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* LoRaWAN Downlink. Instruction for different platforms: See [[IoT LoRaWAN Server>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/]] section.

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== 3.2 General Commands ==

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These commands are to configure:

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* General system settings like: uplink interval.

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* LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.

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They are same for all Dragino Devices which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack. These commands can be found on the wiki:

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[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/]]

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== 3.3 Commands special design for WSC2-L ==

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These commands only valid for WSC2-L, as below:

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=== 3.3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time ===

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Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: AT+TDC**

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(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:501px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:155px" %)**Command Example**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:166px" %)**Function**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:180px" %)**Response**

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|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+TDC=?|(% style="width:162px" %)Show current transmit Interval|(% style="width:177px" %)(((

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30000

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OK

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the interval is 30000ms = 30s

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|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+TDC=60000|(% style="width:162px" %)Set Transmit Interval|(% style="width:177px" %)(((

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OK

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Set transmit interval to 60000ms = 60 seconds

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: 0x01**

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Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.

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If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.

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* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds

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* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds

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=== 3.3.2 Set the CO2 or PM mode ===

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(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Default shipment is PM sensor, optional CO2 or PM sensor is available at the time of purchase, which needs to be modified according to the sensor selected at the time of purchase.**

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Feature: Set the CO2/PM mode, and the user can set the corresponding mode according to the purchased sensor.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

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(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:466px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:156px" %)**Command Example**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:225px" %)**Function**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:85px" %)**Response**

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|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+PMMOD=1|(% style="width:224px" %)The working sensors are PM2.5 and PM10|(% style="width:84px" %)(((

OK

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|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+PMMOD=0|(% style="width:224px" %)The working sensors are CO2|(% style="width:84px" %)(((

OK

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

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* 0xE101 Same as: AT+PMMOD=1

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* 0xE100 Same as: AT+PMMOD=0

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=== 3.3.3 Add or Delete RS485 Sensor ===

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Feature: User can add or delete 3^^rd^^ party sensor as long they are RS485/Modbus interface,baud rate support 4800.Maximum can add 4 sensors.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: **

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(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DYSENSOR=Type_Code, Query_Length, Query_Command , Read_Length , Valid_Data ,has_CRC,timeout**

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Type_Code range: A1 ~~ A4

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Query_Length: RS485 Query frame length, Value cannot be greater than 10

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Query_Command: RS485 Query frame data to be sent to sensor, cannot be larger than 10 bytes

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Read_Length: RS485 response frame length supposed to receive. Max can receive

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Valid_Data: valid data from RS485 Response, Valid Data will be added to Payload and upload via LoRaWAN.

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has_CRC: RS485 Response crc check (0: no verification required 1: verification required). If CRC=1 and CRC error, valid data will be set to 0.

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timeout: RS485 receive timeout (uint:ms). Device will close receive window after timeout

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**Example:**

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User need to change external sensor use the type code as address code.

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With a 485 sensor, after correctly changing the address code to A1, the RS485 query frame is shown in the following table:

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[[image:image-20220624143553-10.png]]

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The response frame of the sensor is as follows:

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[[image:image-20220624143618-11.png]]

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**Then the following parameters should be:**

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* Address_Code range: A1

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* Query_Length: 8

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* Query_Command: A103000000019CAA

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* Read_Length: 8

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* Valid_Data: 23 (Indicates that the data length is 2 bytes, starting from the 3th byte)

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* has_CRC: 1

651

* timeout: 1500 (Fill in the test according to the actual situation)

652

653

**So the input command is:**

654

655

AT+DYSENSOR=A1,8,A103000000019CAA,8,24,1,1500

656

657

658

In every sampling. WSC2-L will auto append the sensor segment as per this structure and uplink.

659

660

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:351px" %)

661

|=(% style="width: 95px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Type Code|=(% style="width: 122px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Length (Bytes)|=(% style="width: 134px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Measured Value

662

|(% style="width:94px" %)A1|(% style="width:121px" %)2|(% style="width:132px" %)0x000A

663

664

**Related commands:**

665

666

AT+DYSENSOR=A1,0 ~-~-> Delete 3^^rd^^ party sensor A1.

667

668

AT+DYSENSOR ~-~-> List All 3^^rd^^ Party Sensor. Like below:

669

670

671

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: **

672

673

**delete custom sensor A1:**

674

675

* 0xE5A1 Same as: AT+DYSENSOR=A1,0

676

677

**Remove all custom sensors**

* 0xE5FF

=== 3.3.4 RS485 Test Command ===

682

683

684

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

685

686

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:494px" %)

687

|=(% style="width: 160px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 248px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 86px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**

688

|(% style="width:159px" %)AT+RSWRITE=xxxxxx|(% style="width:227px" %)(((

689

Send command to 485 sensor. Range : no more than 10 bytes

690

)))|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

691

692

Eg: Send command **01 03 00 00 00 01 84 0A** to 485 sensor

693

694

AT+RSWRITE=0103000001840A

695

696

697

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

698

699

* 0xE20103000001840A Same as: AT+RSWRITE=0103000001840A

700

701

=== 3.3.5 RS485 response timeout ===

702

703

704

Feature: Set or get extended time to receive 485 sensor data.

705

706

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

707

708

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:433px" %)

709

|=(% style="width: 157px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 190px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 86px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**

710

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+DTR=1000|(% style="width:188px" %)(((

711

Set response timeout to: Range : 0~~10000

712

)))|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

713

714

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

715

716

Format: Command Code (0xE0) followed by 3 bytes time value.

717

718

If the downlink payload=E0000005, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x000005=5(S), while type code is E0.

719

720

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: E0000005 ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (DTR) = 5 seconds

721

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: E000000A ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (DTR) = 10 seconds

722

723

=== 3.3.6 Set or get the total count value(only applicable to WSS-08) ===

724

725

726

Feature: The user can set the counting to start from the set value according to the requirements. (only available in counting mode).

727

728

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

729

730

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:433px" %)

731

|=(% style="width: 157px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 190px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 86px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**

732

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+SETCNT=1000|(% style="width:188px" %)Set the total count to start from 1000|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

733

734

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

735

736

Format: Command Code (0x09) followed by 4 bytes time value.

737

738

If the downlink payload=09000003E8, This means that the count of the END node will start counting from setting 0x000003E8=1000 (times). while type code is 09.

739

740

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 09000003E8 ~/~/ Set the value to start counting from 1000 = 1000 (times)

741

742

=== 3.3.7 Set interrupt or counting mode ===

743

744

745

Feature: Users can set the trigger mode to counting mode or interrupt mode as needed.

746

747

The WSS-08 Rain Gauge requires the counting mode to be on in order to accumulate pulse counts.

748

749

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

750

751

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:433px" %)

752

|=(% style="width: 157px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 190px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 86px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**

753

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+COUNTMOD=0|(% style="width:188px" %)set to interrupt mode|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

754

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+COUNTMOD=1|(% style="width:188px" %)(((

755

set to counting mode

756

)))|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

757

758

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

759

760

Format: Command Code (0x10) followed by 1 bytes time value.

761

762

If the downlink payload=10 00, Set the trigger mode to interrupt mode, while type code is 10.

763

764

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 10 00 ~/~/ Same as: AT+COUNTMOD=0 set to interrupt mode

765

766

== 3.4 Add 3rd RS485 / Modbus Sensor ==

767

768

=== 3.4.1 Hardware Connection ===

769

770

771

WSC2-L has a 1 to 3 cables. All the three connectors has same defination as below. It include Five Pins: VCC, GND, RS485-A, RS485-B, Count.

772

773

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: RS485-A,RS485-B can be used to connect multiply sensors. but the COUNT can be only use for one sensor. Which means if you already add a Pulse output Rain Guage in the system, you are not able to add another Pulse Output device.**

774

775

[[image:image-20240707220859-4.png||height="313" width="366"]]

776

777

778

=== 3.4.2 Software Setup ===

779

780

781

Send AT+DYSENSOR to activate the RS485 sensor for collecting 3rd RS485 sensor. You can refer to the instructions in section 3.3.3 of the manual.

782

783

For example: AT+DYSENSOR=A1,8,A103000000019CAA,8,24,1,1500

784

785

786

=== 3.4.3 Payload ===

787

788

[[image:image-20240416163658-1.png]]

789

790

For example: A1 02 00 00

791

792

A1 : A1 register data acquisition instruction

793

794

02 : The valid data returned is 2 bytes in total.

795

796

00 00 : Return valid data

797

798

799

== 3.5 Add tipping bucket total solar radiation sensor ==

800

801

=== 3.5.1 Hardware Connection ===

802

803

804

The following is an example of connecting a total solar radiation sensor to a matching interface cable, and then using the interface to connect the WSC2-L.

805

806

Users can also choose to connect the sensor directly to the WSC2-L via the cable and pin instructions below.

807

808

The following is an explanation of the [[pins>>||anchor="H5.7PinMapping"]] required for WSC2-L：

809

810

**A:** RS485-A (Connect the RS485 sensor)

811

812

**B:** RS485-B (Connect the RS485 sensor)

813

814

**GPIO_EXTI:** Interrupt pin (Can be used to connect an additionally added pulsed rain gauge)

815

816

817

* Total Solar Radiation Sensor Cable Descripti

818

819

[[image:image-20240906174635-2.jpeg||height="430" width="813"]]

* Mating Interface Cable Description

824

825

[[image:image-20240906173843-1.jpeg||height="404" width="815"]]

* Connect to WSC2-L

The Total solar radiation sensor does not need to connect the interrupt pin, so the white cable is not wired.

830

831

[[image:image-20240906182250-3.jpeg||height="442" width="820"]]

832

833

834

=== 3.5.2 Calculating & Decode ===

835

836

837

0FC6 01 00000000 00EB 000F 0000 0003 008E 0251 00CE 0213 0017 001B 03EC 000000DE 90 A1020000 A2020032

838

839

For example: A2 02 00 32

840

841

A2 : A2 register data acquisition instruction

842

843

02 : The valid data returned is 2 bytes in total.

844

845

00 32(HEX) : Return valid data = 50(DEC)W/m2

846

847

848

== 3.6 MSP mode(Since version 1.1.5) ==

849

850

(% style="color:red" %)**Note:This feature is available for WSS-02.**

851

852

This function is used for the continuous collection of wind speed.

853

854

When MSP mode is turned on (AT+MSP=1), WSC1-L will collect real-time wind speed **every 10 seconds**. Then it will judge the maximum wind speed in this period according to the wind speed collected in TDC time, and calculate the average wind speed according to the wind speed data collected in TDC time and the number of data groups.

855

856

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

857

858

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:433px" %)

859

|=(% style="width: 157px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 190px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 86px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**

860

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+MSP=1|(% style="width:188px" %)Enable MSP mode|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

861

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+MSP=0|(% style="width:188px" %)Disable MSP mode|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

862

863

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

864

865

Format: Command Code (0x34) followed by 1 bytes time value.

866

867

If the downlink payload=3400, then set the MSP mode to enable and the type code is 34.

868

869

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 34 01 ~/~/ Same as: AT+MSP=1 set to enable MSP mode.

870

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 34 00 ~/~/ Same as: AT+MSP=1 set to disable MSP mode.

871

872

(% style="color:red" %)**Note**(%%):

873

874

~1. When MSP mode is enabled, the uplink payload is increased by 4 bytes, the average wind speed from the last uplink to this one (2 bytes) and the maximum wind speed from the last uplink to this one (2 bytes).

875

876

2. If WSS-09 and WSS-22 are connected at the same time, the uplink payload will prioritize WSS-09 as follows:

877

878

879

== 3.7 Set the registers read by the rain gauge(Since firmware V1.1.1, only applicable to WSS-21) ==

880

881

882

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

883

884

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

885

|=(% style="width: 192px; background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 209px; background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 107px; background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white;" %)**Response**

886

|(% style="width:192px" %)(((

887

AT+RAINFALLSWITCH=?

888

)))|(% style="width:209px" %)Query the current register read by the rain gauge|(% style="width:107px" %)OK

889

|(% style="width:192px" %)AT+RAINFALLSWITCH=10|(% style="width:209px" %)Set to read the rainfall within 24 hours|(% style="width:107px" %)(((

OK

)))

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

894

895

* 0xE703 Same as: AT+RAINFALLSWITCH=3

Value Definition:

* **3**: The total rainfall after the sensor is powered on (for example Total rainfall: 166.5mm)

900

* **4**: Hourly rainfall: 0.2mm

901

* **5**: Rainfall in last hour: 0.2mm

902

* **6**: 24-hour maximum rainfall 10.0mm

903

* **8**: 24-hour minimum rainfall:0.0mm

904

* **10**: Rainfall in 24 hours: 8.0mm (Rainfall in the last 24 hours)

905

906

= 4. Power consumption and battery =

907

908

== 4.1 Total Power Consumption ==

909

910

911

Dragino Weather Station serial products include the main process unit (WSC2-L) and various sensors. The total power consumption equal total power of all above units. The power consumption for main process unit WSC2-L is 18ma @ 12v. and the power consumption of each sensor can be found on the Sensors chapter.

912

913

914

== 4.2 Reduce power consumption ==

915

916

917

The main process unit WSC2-L is set to LoRaWAN Class C by default. If user want to reduce the power consumption of this unit, user can set it to run in Class A. In Class A mode, WSC2-L will not be to get real-time downlink command from IoT Server.

== 4.3 Battery ==

(((

All sensors are only power by external power source. If external power source is off. All sensor won't work.

)))

(((

Main Process Unit WSC2-L is powered by both external power source and internal 1000mAh rechargeable battery. If external power source is off, WSC2-L still runs and can send periodically uplinks, but the sensors value will become invalid. External power source can recharge the 1000mAh rechargeable battery.

)))

= 5. Main Process Unit WSC2-L =

933

934

935

WSC2-L is the main process unit in Dragino Weather Station solution. WSC2-L is an an outdoor LoRaWAN RS485 end node. It is powered by external 12v solar power and have a built-in Li-ion backup battery.

936

937

WSC2-L reads value from various sensors and upload these sensor data to IoT server via LoRaWAN wireless protocol.

938

939

WSC2-L is full compatible with LoRaWAN Class A protocol, it can work with standard LoRaWAN gateway.

940

941

WSC2-L Supports BLE configure and wireless OTA update which make user easy to use.

942

943

Each WSC2-L is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registration, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.

== 5.1 Features ==

* LoRaWAN v1.0.3 Class A protocol.

950

* RS485 / Modbus protocol

951

* Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915

952

* AT Commands to change parameters

953

* Downlink to change configure

954

* Powered by external 12v battery

955

* Back up rechargeable 1000mAh battery

956

* IP Rating: IP65

957

* Support default sensors or 3rd party RS485 sensors

958

* Support Bluetooth v5.1 and LoRaWAN remote configure

959

* Support wireless OTA update firmware

960

* Wall Attachable.

961

962

== 5.2 Power Consumption ==

963

964

965

WSC2-L (without external sensor): Idle: 4mA, Transmit: max 40mA

966

967

968

== 5.3 Storage & Operation Temperature ==

-20°C to +60°C

== 5.4 Sleep mode and working mode ==

975

976

977

(% style="color:blue" %)**Deep Sleep Mode: **(%%)Sensor doesn't have any LoRaWAN activate. This mode is used for storage and shipping to save battery life.

978

979

(% style="color:blue" %)**Working Mode:** (%%)In this mode, Sensor will work as LoRaWAN Sensor to Join LoRaWAN network and send out sensor data to server. Between each sampling/tx/rx periodically, sensor will be in IDLE mode), in IDLE mode, sensor has the same power consumption as Deep Sleep mode.

980

981

982

== 5.5 Button & LEDs ==

983

984

985

[[image:Main.User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes.D20-LBD22-LBD23-LB_LoRaWAN_Temperature_Sensor_User_Manual.WebHome@1675071855856-879.png]]

986

987

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

988

|=(% style="width: 167px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Behavior on ACT**|=(% style="width: 117px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 226px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Action**

989

|[[image:1749524241393-180.png]] 1~~3s|(% style="width:117px" %)Send an uplink|(% style="width:225px" %)(((

990

If sensor is already Joined to LoRaWAN network, sensor will send an uplink packet, (% style="color:blue" %)**blue led** (%%)will blink once.

991

Meanwhile, BLE module will be active and user can connect via BLE to configure device.

992

)))

993

|[[image:1749524243713-196.png]] >3s|(% style="width:117px" %)Active Device|(% style="width:225px" %)(((

994

(% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will fast blink 5 times, device will enter (% style="color:#037691" %)**OTA mode**(%%) for 3 seconds. And then start to JOIN LoRaWAN network.

995

(% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will solidly turn on for 5 seconds after joined in network.

996

Once sensor is active, BLE module will be active and user can connect via BLE to configure device, no matter if device join or not join LoRaWAN network.

997

)))

998

|[[image:1749524287726-592.png]] x5|(% style="width:117px" %)Deactivate Device|(% style="width:225px" %)(% style="color:red" %)**Red led**(%%) will solid on for 5 seconds. Means device is in Deep Sleep Mode.

999

1000

== 5.6 BLE connection ==

1001

1002

1003

WSC2-L supports BLE remote configure.

1004

1005

BLE can be used to configure the parameter of sensor or see the console output from sensor. BLE will be only activate on below case:

1006

1007

* Press button to send an uplink

1008

* Press button to active device.

1009

* Device Power on or reset.

1010

1011

If there is no activity connection on BLE in 60 seconds, sensor will shut down BLE module to enter low power mode.

1012

1013

1014

== 5.7 Pin definitions of the WSC2-L motherboard ==

1015

1016

1017

[[image:image-20240412165523-2.png]]

1018

1019

1020

== 5.8 Pin definitions of the matching cables ==

1021

1022

=== 5.8.1 Wiring configuration between the 1-to-4 splitter main cable and the WSC2-L motherboard ===

1023

1024

[[image:image-20250529090933-1.jpeg||height="553" width="872"]]

1025

1026

1027

* Black line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> GND of battery charging motherboard (-)

1028

* Red line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> GND of battery charging motherboard (+)

1029

* White line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> A pin of WSC2-L motherboard

1030

* Green line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> B pin of WSC2-L motherboard

1031

* Yellow line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> GPIO_EXIT pin of WSC2-L motherboard

1032

1033

=== 5.8.2 The internal cable definition of single-interface wires ===

1034

1035

[[image:image-20250529100822-2.jpeg||height="505" width="854"]]

1036

1037

1038

* Black line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> Power (-) pin

1039

* Red line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> Power (+) pin

1040

* White line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> RS485-A pin

1041

* Green line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> RS485-B pin

1042

* Yellow line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> Pulse interrupt pin

1043

* Orange line <~-~-~-~-~-~-> Not used (can be cut off)

== 5.9 Mechanical ==

Refer LSn50v3 enclosure drawing in: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/ztlw35a9xbkomu71u31im/ADY2192VNMFoMmryPGdwkRk/LoRaWAN%20End%20Node/SN50v3-LB/Mechinical?dl=0&rlkey=ojjcsw927eaow01dgooldq3nu&subfolder_nav_tracking=1>>https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/ztlw35a9xbkomu71u31im/ADY2192VNMFoMmryPGdwkRk/LoRaWAN%20End%20Node/SN50v3-LB/Mechinical?dl=0&rlkey=ojjcsw927eaow01dgooldq3nu&subfolder_nav_tracking=1]]

1049

1050

1051

= 6. OTA Firmware update =

1052

1053

1054

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

1055

**User can change firmware WSC2-L to:**

1056

1057

* Change Frequency band/ region.

1058

* Update with new features.

1059

* Fix bugs.

1060

1061

**Firmware and changelog can be downloaded from :** **[[Firmware download link>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/8j3ioji411ni9gu/AADnOw3ErB1REsthKilfaq_Pa?dl=0]]**

1062

1063

**Methods to Update Firmware:**

1064

1065

* (Recommanded way) OTA firmware update via wireless: **[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/]]**

1066

1067

* Update through UART TTL interface: **[[Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware]]**.

= 7. FAQ =

== 7.1 What else do I need to purchase to build Weather Station? ==

1072

1073

1074

Below is the installation photo and structure:

1075

1076

[[image:image-20240413172530-3.png]]

1077

1078

== 7.2 Where can i find the modbus command for the WSS-09 sensor? ==

1079

1080

See this link for the [[modbus command set>>https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/ztlw35a9xbkomu71u31im/AK7twfUnkB4qKMvtU4XcEss/LoRaWAN%20End%20Node/WSC2-L%20Combine%20Weather%20Station%20Kit?dl=0&e=2&preview=Weather_Sensors_Modbus_Command_List.xlsx&rlkey=ojjcsw927eaow01dgooldq3nu&subfolder_nav_tracking=1]].

1081

1082

1083

= 8. Trouble Shooting =

1084

1085

== 8.1 What should I do when the RS485 sensor cannot collect data? ==

1086

1087

1088

~1. Recheck whether the sensor's power supply voltage is 12V at maximum.

1089

1090

2. Recheck whether the A and B signal lines of the sensor are connected reversely.

1091

1092

3. Check whether the sensor's transmission baud rate is 4800. If not, please change it to 4800 and try reading again.

1093

1094

1095

== 8.2 Why does the weather station make electric current sounds during operation? ==

1096

1097

1098

~1. Because a certain amount of sound will be produced during long-term power supply operation. This is a normal phenomenon and does not affect use.

1099

1100

1101

== 8.3 How to solve the problem of temperature difference in weather stations? ==

1102

1103

1104

You can use AT+RSWRITE (downlink: E2 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx ) to modify the temperature compensation function in the weather station.

**For example：**

When the temperature of the weather station is 3°C different from the right value, you can use AT+RSWRITE=01 06 00 50 00 1E 09 D3 (downlink: E2 01 06 00 50 00 1E 09 D3) to modify the temperature compensation value of the weather station to +3°C .

1109

1110

1111

== 8.4 Why does the rain gauge have no data? ==

1112

1113

1114

The default mode of the rain gauge is trigger mode.

1115

When it rains, it will trigger an uplink, and the data does not include rainfall data.

1116

If you want to query rainfall data, please change to counting mode

1117

1118

Feature: Users can set the trigger mode to counting mode or interrupt mode as needed.

1119

1120

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1121

1122

(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:433px" %)

1123

|=(% style="width: 157px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 190px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 86px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**

1124

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+COUNTMOD=0|(% style="width:188px" %)set to interrupt mode|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

1125

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+COUNTMOD=1|(% style="width:188px" %)(((

1126

set to counting mode

1127

)))|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

1128

1129

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

1130

1131

Format: Command Code (0x10) followed by 1 bytes time value.

1132

1133

If the downlink payload=10 00, Set the trigger mode to interrupt mode, while type code is 10.

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* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 10 00 ~/~/ Same as: AT+COUNTMOD=0 set to interrupt mode

= 9. Order Info =

(% style="color:red" %)**Please note that the WSC2-L only includes the wireless transmitter, and the WSS-08, WSS-09, WSS-21, WSS-22, WSS-23, WSS-24, WSS-25, WSS-26, WSS-27 sensor need to be purchased separately. If you need to connect more than 3 sensors, please purchase an additional one to four adapter cable (DR-F6C-4M).**

**Part Number:**

(% style="color:blue" %)**Wireless Transmitter :**(%%)** WSC2-L-XX **

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**XX**: the default frequency band

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* **AS923**: LoRaWAN AS923 band

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* **AU915**: LoRaWAN AU915 band

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* **EU433**: LoRaWAN EU433 band

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* **EU868**: LoRaWAN EU868 band

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* **KR920**: LoRaWAN KR920 band

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* **S915**: LoRaWAN US915 band

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* **IN865**: LoRaWAN IN865 band

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* **CN470**: LoRaWAN CN470 band

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(% style="color:green" %)**Sensors Option :**(%%)** WSS-08, WSS-09, WSS-21, WSS-22, WSS-23, WSS-24, WSS-25, WSS-26, WSS-27**

= 10. Support =

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

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* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].

Wiki source code of WSC2-L -- Weather Station Kit User Manual

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