RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual

(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]

21

)))

22

= 1. Introduction =

== 1.1 What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==

(((

The Dragino RS485-LN is a (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter**(%%). It converts the RS485 signal into LoRaWAN wireless signal which simplify the IoT installation and reduce the installation/maintaining cost.

)))

(((

RS485-LN allows user to (% style="color:blue" %)**monitor / control RS485 devices**(%%) and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, building automation, and so on.

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**For data uplink**(%%), RS485-LN sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485 devices. RS485-LN will process these returns according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to LoRaWAN server.

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**For data downlink**(%%), RS485-LN runs in LoRaWAN Class C. When there downlink commands from LoRaWAN server, RS485-LN will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Demo Dashboard for RS485-LN**(%%) connect to two energy meters: [[https:~~/~~/app.datacake.de/dashboard/d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a>>url:https://app.datacake.de/dashboard/d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

)))

== 1.2 Specifications ==

56

57

58

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**

59

60

* STM32L072xxxx MCU

61

* SX1276/78 Wireless Chip

62

* Power Consumption (exclude RS485 device):

63

** Idle: 32mA@12v

64

** 20dB Transmit: 65mA@12v

65

66

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface for Model:**

67

68

* RS485

69

* Power Input 7~~ 24V DC.

70

71

(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**

72

73

* Frequency Range:

74

** Band 1 (HF): 862 ~~ 1020 Mhz

75

** Band 2 (LF): 410 ~~ 528 Mhz

76

* 168 dB maximum link budget.

77

* +20 dBm - 100 mW constant RF output vs.

78

* +14 dBm high efficiency PA.

79

* Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps.

80

* High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm.

81

* Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -12.5 dBm.

82

* Excellent blocking immunity.

83

* Low RX current of 10.3 mA, 200 nA register retention.

84

* Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz.

85

* FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK modulation.

86

* Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery.

87

* Preamble detection.

88

* 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.

89

* Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.

90

* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC

== 1.3 Features ==

* LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class C)

96

* Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865/RU864/MA869

97

* AT Commands to change parameters

98

* Remote configure parameters via LoRa Downlink

99

* Firmware upgradable via program port

100

* Support multiply RS485 devices by flexible rules

101

* Support Modbus protocol

102

* Support Interrupt uplink (Since hardware version v1.2)

103

104

== 1.4 Applications ==

105

106

107

* Smart Buildings & Home Automation

108

* Logistics and Supply Chain Management

* Smart Metering

* Smart Agriculture

* Smart Cities

* Smart Factory

== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==

115

116

117

[[RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/]]

118

119

120

== 1.6 Hardware Change log ==

(((

(((

(((

v1.2: Add External Interrupt Pin.

)))

(((

v1.0: Release

)))

== 1.7 Pin Definitions ==

135

136

137

The following diagram shows the V1.2 hardware version.

138

139

[[image:image-20240928101253-2.jpeg||height="542" width="542"]]

140

141

[[image:image-20240925161157-2.jpeg||height="367" width="545"]]

)))

)))

= 2. Power ON Device =

(((

The RS485-LN can be powered by 7 ~~ 24V DC power source. Connection as below

152

153

* Power Source VIN to RS485-LN VIN+

154

* Power Source GND to RS485-LN VIN-

155

156

(((

157

Once there is power, the RS485-LN will be on.

158

)))

159

160

(% aria-label="1653268091319-405.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1653268091319-405.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

)))

= 3. Operation Mode =

166

167

== 3.1 How it works? ==

(((

(((

The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA.

)))

)))

== 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ==

179

180

181

Here shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 Network. Below is the network structure, we use [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]] as LoRaWAN gateway here.

182

183

[[image:image-20240928102637-3.png||height="522" width="917"]]

184

185

(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]

(((

(((

The RS485-LN in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other RS485 devices via the same method. The connection is as below:

)))

(((

485A+ and 485B- of the sensor are connected to RS485A and RA485B of RS485-LN respectively.

)))

(% aria-label="1653268227651-549.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1653268227651-549.png||data-widget="image" height="592" width="720"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

(((

The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>path:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-LN.

)))

(((

Each RS485-LN is shipped with a sticker with unique device EUI:

)))

)))

(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]][[image:image-20230425175410-2.png]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

(((

(((

User can enter this key in their LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:

)))

(((

**Add APP EUI in the application.**

)))

)))

(% aria-label="image-20220519174512-1.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220519174512-1.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

232

233

(% aria-label="image-20220519174512-2.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220519174512-2.png||data-widget="image" height="323" width="720"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

234

235

(% aria-label="image-20220519174512-3.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220519174512-3.png||data-widget="image" height="556" width="724"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

236

237

(% aria-label="image-20220519174512-4.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220519174512-4.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]

238

239

240

(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

241

242

You can also choose to create the device manually.

243

244

(% aria-label="1652953542269-423.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1652953542269-423.png||data-widget="image" height="710" width="723"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**

249

250

(% aria-label="1652953553383-907.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1652953553383-907.png||data-widget="image" height="514" width="724"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on RS485-LN and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.

)))

(% aria-label="1652953568895-172.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1652953568895-172.png||data-widget="image" height="232" width="724"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

260

261

262

== 3.3 Configure Device to Read RS485 Sensors ==

263

264

265

There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different commands to read the valid data. To support these devices in most flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use [[Dragino RS485 Tool>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/us9qecn39fwt8n1/AABREdqUCzEmJMRrfuWuXasoa?dl=0]], [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/RS485-LB_Waterproof_RS485UART_to_LoRaWAN_Converter/#H3.5ConfigureRS485-LBviaATorDownlink]] Command to configure how RS485-LN should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.

(((

(((

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please check the [[user manual v1.0>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/&file=RS485-LN_UserManual_v1.0.1.pdf]] or upgrade the firmware to v1.1**

)))

=== 3.3.1 Method 1 ~-~- via RS485 Configure Tool ===

276

277

278

Use the RS485 Configure tool is the recommand method. Please see the instruction of how to use the tool:

279

280

* **[[RS485 Configure Tool Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/RS485_Configure_Tool/]]**

281

282

[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/RS485-LB_Waterproof_RS485UART_to_LoRaWAN_Converter/WebHome/image-20231127144411-1.png?width=494&height=368&rev=1.1||alt="image-20231127144411-1.png" height="368" width="494"]]

283

284

285

=== 3.3.2 Method 2 ~-~- via AT Commands ===

)))

)))

==== 3.3.2.1 Configure UART settings for RS485 communication ====

290

291

292

To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. The related commands for UART settings are:

293

294

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

295

|=(% style="width: 126px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

296

**AT Commands**

297

)))|=(% style="width: 187px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

298

**Description**

299

)))|=(% style="width: 197px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

300

**Example**

301

)))

302

|(% style="width:126px" %)(((

(((

AT+BAUDR

)))

)))|(% style="width:177px" %)(((

309

Set the baud rate (for RS485 connection). Default Value is: 9600.

310

)))|(% style="width:193px" %)(((

(((

AT+BAUDR=9600

)))

(((

Options: (1200,2400,4800,

14400,19200,115200)

)))

)))

|(% style="width:126px" %)(((

321

AT+PARITY

322

)))|(% style="width:177px" %)(((

323

Set UART parity (for RS485 connection)

324

)))|(% style="width:193px" %)(((

(((

AT+PARITY=0

)))

(((

Option: 0: no parity,

1: odd parity,

2: even parity

)))

)))

|(% style="width:126px" %)(((

336

AT+STOPBIT

337

)))|(% style="width:177px" %)(((

338

(((

339

Set serial stopbit (for RS485 connection)

340

)))

341

)))|(% style="width:193px" %)(((

342

(((

343

AT+STOPBIT=0 for 1bit

)))

(((

AT+STOPBIT=1 for 1.5 bit

)))

(((

AT+STOPBIT=2 for 2 bits

)))

)))

=== 3.3.3 Configure sensors ===

(((

Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC and RS485 adapter or through RS485-LN AT Commands (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**(%%). Each (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV **(%%)equals to send a RS485 command to sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won't run during each sampling.

360

)))

361

362

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

363

|=(% style="width: 122px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**AT Commands**|=(% style="width: 198px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Description**|=(% style="width: 190px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Example**

364

|(% style="width:122px" %)AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:196px" %)(((

365

(((

366

This command is used to configure the RS485/TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling.

)))

(((

AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,

)))

(((

mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command

375

)))

376

)))|(% style="width:190px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m

377

378

=== 3.3.4 Configure read commands for each sampling ===

(((

During each sampling, we need confirm what commands we need to send to the RS485 sensors to read data. After the RS485 sensors send back the value, it normally include some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload.

383

384

To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their valid value into a short payload.

385

386

This section describes how to achieve above goals.

387

388

During each sampling, the RS485-LN can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads.

389

390

391

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Each RS485 commands include two parts:**

392

393

394

~1. What commands RS485-LN will send to the RS485 sensors. There are total 15 commands from **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF**. All commands are of same grammar.

395

396

2. How to get wanted value the from RS485 sensors returns from by 1). There are total 15 AT Commands to handle the return, commands are **AT+DATACUT1**,**AT+DATACUT2**,…, **AT+DATACUTF** corresponding to the commands from 1). All commands are of same grammar.

397

398

3. Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example **AT+CMDDL1=1000** to send the open time to 1000ms

399

400

401

After we got the valid value from each RS485 commands, we need to combine them together with the command **AT+DATAUP**.

402

403

Below are examples for the how above AT Commands works.

404

405

406

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+COMMANDx **(%%)**: **This command will be sent to RS485 devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is:

407

408

(% border="1" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:499px" %)

409

|(% style="width:496px" %)(((

410

**AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**

411

412

**xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx: The RS485 command to be sent**

413

414

**m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command**

415

)))

416

417

For example, if we have a RS485 sensor. The command to get sensor value is: 01 03 0B B8 00 02 46 0A. Where 01 03 0B B8 00 02 is the Modbus command to read the register 0B B8 where stored the sensor value. The 46 0A is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.

418

419

In the RS485-LN, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same.

420

421

422

If a single command exceeds 14 bytes, you can use the command splicing function.

423

424

When AT+CMDDLx=1, the commands of AT+COMMANDx and AT+COMMAND(x+1) will be merged.

425

426

427

**Examples:** To send 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F data it should be configured:

428

429

AT+COMMAND1=00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D,0

AT+COMMAND1=1

AT+COMMAND2=0E 0F,0

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DATACUTx **(%%)**: **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 100 bytes.

437

438

(% border="1" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

439

|(% style="width:510px" %)(((

440

**AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c**

441

442

* **a: length for the return of AT+COMMAND**

443

* **b:1: grab valid value by byte, max 6 bytes. 2: grab valid value by bytes section, max 3 sections.**

444

* **c: define the position for valid value. **

)))

**Examples:**

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab bytes**

451

452

(% aria-label="image-20220602153621-1.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602153621-1.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab a section**

457

458

(% aria-label="image-20220602153621-2.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602153621-2.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab different sections**

463

464

(% aria-label="image-20220602153621-3.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602153621-3.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

)))

=== 3.3.5 Compose the uplink payload ===

(((

Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**

)))

(((

Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**A SIGNLE UPLINK**.

)))

(((

Final Payload is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx**

)))

(((

Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot.

494

)))

495

496

[[image:image-20220929111027-1.png||height="509" width="685"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

497

498

499

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**

500

501

502

Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**.

503

504

Final Payload is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA**

505

506

507

~1. PAYVER: Defined by AT+PAYVER

508

509

2. PAYLOAD COUNT: Total how many uplinks of this sampling.

510

511

3. PAYLOAD#: Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)

512

513

4. DATA: Valid value: max 8 bytes for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 8 bytes

514

515

516

(% aria-label="image-20220602155039-4.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602155039-4.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

517

518

519

So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink include 8 bytes DATA

520

521

DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value + the first two of Valid value of RETURN10= **20 20 0a 33 90 41 02 aa**

522

523

DATA2=3^^rd^^ ~~ 10^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= **05 81 0a 20 20 20 20 2d**

524

525

DATA3=the rest of Valid value of RETURN10= **30**

526

527

528

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: In firmware v1.3, the Max bytes has been changed according to the max bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:**

529

530

531

~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink.

532

533

* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 11 bytes for each uplink.

534

535

* For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink.

536

537

~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink.

538

539

540

(% style="color:red" %)** When AT+DATAUP=1, the maximum number of segments is 15, and the maximum total number of bytes is 1500;**

541

542

(% style="color:red" %)** When AT+DATAUP=1 and AT+ADR=0, the maximum number of bytes of each payload is determined by the DR value. (Since v1.4.0)**

543

544

545

Below are the uplink payloads:

546

547

(% aria-label="1654157178836-407.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654157178836-407.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

548

549

550

=== 3.3.6 Uplink on demand ===

551

552

553

Except uplink periodically, RS485-LN is able to uplink on demand. The server send downlink command to RS485-LN and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.

554

555

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink control command:**

556

557

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x08 command**(%%): Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-LN.

558

559

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xA8 command**(%%): Send a command to RS485-LN and uplink the output from sensors.

560

561

562

=== 3.3.7 Uplink on Interrupt ===

563

564

565

RS485-LN support external Interrupt uplink since hardware v1.2 release.

566

567

(% aria-label="1654157342174-798.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654157342174-798.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]

568

569

570

==== 3.3.7.1 Set Interrupt Mode ====

571

572

573

Before using the interrupt function of the **INT** pin, users can set the interrupt triggering mode as required.

574

575

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT command:**

576

577

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+INTMOD **(%%) ~/~/ Set the trigger interrupt mode

578

579

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+INTMOD=0 **(%%) ~/~/ Disable Interrupt

580

581

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+INTMOD=1 **(%%) ~/~/ Trigger by rising and falling edge

582

583

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+INTMOD=2 **(%%) ~/~/ Trigger by falling edge **(default)**

584

585

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+INTMOD=3 **(%%) ~/~/ Trigger by rising edge

586

587

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Commands: **(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x06**

588

589

Format: Command Code (0x06) followed by 3 bytes.

590

591

Example1: Downlink Payload: **06 00 00 01 **~/~/ AT+INTMOD=1

592

593

Example2: Downlink Payload: **06 00 00 03 **~/~/AT+INTMOD=3

594

595

596

==== 3.3.7.2 Practical application ====

597

598

599

The following uses the default interrupt triggering mode (% style="color:blue" %)**(AT+INTMOD=2)**(%%) as an example to show the interrupt function of (% style="color:blue" %)**INT**(%%):

600

601

When a high voltage is given to the INT pin and then the level of the (% style="color:blue" %)**INT**(%%) pin changes from high to low, the interrupt is triggered by a falling edge and the RS485-LN sends an uplink data.

602

603

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: The level that triggers the interrupt ranges from 3.3V to 24V. Generally, it is recommended to use less than 12V.**

**Example:**

* Use a dry contact to connect the (% style="color:blue" %)**INT**(%%) pin and (% style="color:blue" %)**VIN+**(%%) pin of the RS485-LN.

608

609

When the dry contact is closed, INT and VIN+ conduct and INT is high.

610

611

Disconnecting the dry contact, the level of the INT pin changes from high to low, triggering an interrupt (triggered along the falling edge), and the RS485-LN sends an uplink data.

612

613

[[image:image-20240925174124-5.jpeg||height="439" width="703"]]

614

615

* Use a regulated power supply or a wet contact to connect the 485-LN to trigger the interruption.(This section uses a regulated power supply as an example.)

616

617

The positive pole of the stabilized power supply is connected to the (% style="color:blue" %)**INT**(%%) pin of RS485-LN, and the negative pole of the stabilized power supply is connected to the (% style="color:blue" %)**VIN-**(%%) pin of RS485-LN.

618

619

When the regulated power supply is operating, a high voltage is given to the INT pin and the INT level is high. When the regulated power supply is turned off, the level of the INT pin changes from

620

621

high to low, at which time an interrupt is triggered (triggered along the falling edge), and the device will send an uplink data.

622

623

[[image:image-20240925173243-4.jpeg||height="404" width="900"]]

624

625

* Example of interrupt data in TTN.

626

627

The first byte of the payload of the interrupted packet is (% style="color:blue" %)**0x81**(%%).

628

629

[[image:image-20240925181010-1.png||height="348" width="953"]]

630

631

632

== 3.4 Uplink Payload ==

633

634

635

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

636

|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:70px" %)(((

637

**Size(bytes)**

638

)))|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:80px" %)**1**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:360px" %)(((

639

**Length depends on the return from the commands**

640

)))

641

|(% style="width:90px" %)(((

642

Value

643

)))|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

644

PAYLOAD_VER

645

)))|(% style="width:353px" %)(((

646

If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum

647

648

support payload length in server, server will show payload not

649

650

provided in the LoRaWAN server.

651

)))

652

653

(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](%%)Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.

654

655

656

== 3.5 Configure RS485-LN via AT or Downlink ==

(((

User can configure RS485-LN via AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands

)))

(((

There are two kinds of Commands:

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Common Commands**(%%): They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Sensor Related Commands**(%%): These commands are special designed for RS485-LN. User can see these commands below:

)))

(((

)))

=== 3.5.1 Common Commands ===

681

682

683

They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]

684

685

686

=== 3.5.2 Downlink Response(Since firmware v1.4) ===

687

688

689

Response feature is added to the server's downlink, a special package with a FPort of 200 will be uploaded immediately after receiving the data sent by the server.

690

691

692

(% aria-label="image-20220602163333-5.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602163333-5.png||data-widget="image" height="263" width="1160"]]

693

694

(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

695

696

The first byte of this package represents whether the configuration is successful, 00 represents failure, 01 represents success. Except for the first byte, the other is the previous downlink. (All commands except A8 type commands are applicable)

697

698

699

=== 3.5.3 Sensor related commands ===

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 Debug Command**(%%) ====

(((

This command is used to configure the RS485 devices; they won't be used during sampling. Max Length of AT+CFGDEV is **40 bytes**.

)))

(((

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command**

712

713

(((

714

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m** (%%) m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command

)))

)))

(((

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload**

)))

(((

Format: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A8 MM NN XX XX XX XX YY**

)))

(((

Where:

)))

* (((

MM: 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS ; 0: no CRC

736

)))

737

* (((

738

NN: The length of RS485 command

739

)))

740

* (((

741

XX XX XX XX: RS485 command total NN bytes

)))

* (((

(((

YY: How many bytes will be uplink from the return of this RS485 command,

)))

* (((

if YY=0, RS485-LN will execute the downlink command without uplink;

750

)))

751

* (((

752

if YY>0, RS485-LN will uplink total YY bytes from the output of this RS485 command; Fport=200

753

)))

754

* (((

755

if YY=FF, RS485-LN will uplink RS485 output with the downlink command content; Fport=200.

)))

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Example 1:** (%%) ~-~-> Configure without ask for uplink (YY=0)

)))

(((

To connect a Modbus Alarm with below commands.

)))

* (((

The command to active alarm is: 0A 05 00 04 00 01 4C B0. Where 0A 05 00 04 00 01 is the Modbus command to read the register 00 40 where stored the DI status. The 4C B0 is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.

)))

* (((

The command to deactivate alarm is: 0A 05 00 04 00 00 8D 70. Where 0A 05 00 04 00 00 is the Modbus command to read the register 00 40 where stored the DI status. The 8D 70 is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.

)))

(((

So if user want to use downlink command to control to RS485 Alarm, he can use:

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**A8 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 01 00**(%%): to activate the RS485 Alarm

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**A8 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 00 00**(%%): to deactivate the RS485 Alarm

)))

(((

A8 is type code and 01 means add CRC-16/MODBUS at the end, the 3^^rd^^ byte is 06, means the next 6 bytes are the command to be sent to the RS485 network, the final byte 00 means this command don’t need to acquire output.

)))

(((

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Example 2:** (%%)

)))

(((

Check TTL Sensor return:

)))

(((

(((

[[image:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/test/WebHome/1654132684752-193.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654132684752-193.png"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

)))

)))

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set Payload version**(%%) ====

(((

This is the first byte of the uplink payload. RS485-LN can connect to different sensors. User can set the PAYVER field to tell server how to decode the current payload.

)))

(((

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

824

825

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+PAYVER: ** (%%) Set PAYVER field = 1

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAE 01** (%%) ~-~-> Set PAYVER field = 0x01

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAE 0F** (%%) ~-~-> Set PAYVER field = 0x0F

)))

**1 ) Add the interrupt flag at the highest bit of the Payver byte, that is, Byte7 of the first byte. (Since v1.4.0)**

844

845

846

[[image:image-20220824145428-2.png||height="168" width="1300"]]

847

848

849

**2 ) if the data intercepted by AT+DATACUT or AT+MBFUN is empty, it will display NULL, and the payload will be filled with n FFs.**

850

851

852

[[image:image-20220824145428-3.png||height="308" width="1200"]]

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set RS485 Sampling Commands**(%%) ====

(((

AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx

)))

(((

These three commands are used to configure how the RS485-LN polling data from Modbus device. Detail of usage please see : [[polling RS485 device>>||anchor="H3.3.3Configurereadcommandsforeachsampling"]].

)))

(((

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

873

)))

874

875

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+COMMANDx: ** (%%) Configure RS485 read command to sensor.

876

877

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATACUTx: **(%%) Configure how to handle return from RS485 devices.

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAF**(%%) downlink command can be used to set AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx.

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Note : if user use AT+COMMANDx to add a new command, he also need to send AT+DATACUTx downlink.**

)))

(((

Format: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AF MM NN LL XX XX XX XX YY**

)))

(((

Where:

)))

* (((

MM: the ATCOMMAND or AT+DATACUT to be set. Value from 01 ~~ 0F,

906

)))

907

* (((

908

NN: 0: no CRC; 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS ; 2: set the AT+DATACUT value.

909

)))

910

* (((

911

LL: The length of AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command

912

)))

913

* (((

914

XX XX XX XX: AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command

915

)))

916

* (((

917

YY: If YY=0, RS485-LN will execute the downlink command without uplink; if YY=1, RS485-LN will execute an uplink after got this command.

)))

(((

**Example:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 01 00**(%%): Same as AT+COMMAND3=0A 05 00 04 00 01,1

)))

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 02 06**(% style="color:orange" %)** 10 **(% style="color:red" %)**01 **(% style="color:green" %)**05 06 09 0A**(% style="color:#037691" %)** 00**(%%): Same as AT+DATACUT3=(% style="color:orange" %)**16**(%%),(% style="color:red" %)**1**(%%),(% style="color:green" %)**5+6+9+10**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 02 06 **(% style="color:orange" %)**0B**(% style="color:red" %)** 02 **(% style="color:green" %)**05 07 08 0A **(% style="color:#037691" %)**00**(%%): Same as AT+DATACUT3=(% style="color:orange" %)**11**(%%),(% style="color:red" %)**2**(%%),(% style="color:green" %)**5~~7+8~~10**

)))

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Fast command to handle MODBUS device**(%%) ====

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+MBFUN**(%%) is valid since v1.3 firmware version. The command is for fast configure to read Modbus devices. It is only valid for the devices which follow the [[MODBUS-RTU protocol>>url:https://www.modbustools.com/modbus.html]].

)))

(((

This command is valid since v1.3 firmware version

)))

(((

AT+MBFUN can auto read the Modbus function code: 01, 02, 03 or 04. AT+MBFUN has lower priority vs AT+DATACUT command. If AT+DATACUT command is configured, AT+MBFUN will be ignore.

)))

(((

)))

(((

**Example:**

)))

* (((

AT+MBFUN=1 and AT+DATACUT1/AT+DATACUT2 are not configure (0,0,0). So RS485-LN.

965

)))

966

* (((

967

AT+COMMAND1= 01 03 00 10 00 08,1 ~-~-> read slave address 01 , function code 03, start address 00 01, quantity of registers 00 08.

968

)))

969

* (((

970

AT+COMMAND2= 01 02 00 40 00 10,1 ~-~-> read slave address 01 , function code 02, start address 00 40, quantity of inputs 00 10.

)))

(% aria-label="image-20220602165351-6.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602165351-6.png||data-widget="image"]]

976

977

(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

978

979

(% aria-label="image-20220602165351-7.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602165351-7.png||data-widget="image"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

980

981

* (((

982

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

983

)))

984

985

**~ (% style="color:#4472c4" %)A9 aa(%%)** ~-~-> Same as AT+MBFUN=aa

986

987

988

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 command timeout**(%%) ====

(((

Some Modbus device has slow action to send replies. This command is used to configure the RS485-LN to use longer time to wait for their action.

)))

(((

Default value: 0, range: 0 ~~ 65 seconds

)))

(((

* (% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1001

1002

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)*1000**

)))

(((

**Example:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+CMDDL1=1000** (%%)to send the open time to 1000ms

)))

(((

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x AA aa bb cc**(%%) Same as: AT+CMDDLaa=hex (bb cc)

)))

(((

**Example:**

)))

(((

**0xAA 01 03 E8** ~-~-> Same as **AT+CMDDL1=1000 ms**

)))

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Uplink payload mode**(%%) ====

(((

Define to use one uplink or multiple uplinks for the sampling.

)))

(((

The use of this command please see: [[Compose Uplink payload>>||anchor="H3.3.4Composetheuplinkpayload"]]

)))

(((

* (% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1054

1055

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATAUP=0**

1056

1057

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATAUP=1**

)))

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAD 01 00 00 14** (%%) **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1，20000 ~/~/ (00 00 14 is 20 seconds)

1063

1064

Each uplink is sent to the server at 20-second intervals when segmented.

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

1069

)))

1070

1071

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAD 00** (%%) **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=0

1072

1073

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAD 01** (%%) **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1 ~/~/Each uplink is sent to the server one after the other as it is segmented.

1074

1075

1076

(Since firmware v1.4.0)

1077

1078

* (((

1079

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1080

)))

1081

1082

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATAUP=1,Timeout**

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

1087

)))

1088

1089

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAD 01 00 00 14** (%%) **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1，20000 ~/~/ (00 00 14 is 20 seconds)

1090

1091

Each uplink is sent to the server at 20-second intervals when segmented.

1092

1093

1094

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Cut data separation processing(Since Version 1.4.2)**(%%) ====

1095

1096

1097

AT+NEWLINE command, which only takes effect when AT+DATAUP=1 or AT+DATAUP=1, timeout.

1098

1099

When not set, each part of AT+DATAUP is sent according to the maximum number of bytes of DR.

1100

1101

When setting, each part of AT+DATAUP is sent according to the value set by AT+NEWLINE.

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1106

)))

1107

1108

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)//**AT+NEWLINE=ALL**//(%%)// //The data cut out by each AT+COMMANDx command is sent separately as an uplink.

1109

1110

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)//**AT+NEWLINE=ALL**//(%%)// equal： (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+NEWLINE=1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15**//

1111

1112

1113

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)//**AT+NEWLINE=a+b+c**//(%%)// //The data returned by all commands is divided into three parts, COMMAND(1~~a) is the first part, COMMAND(a+1~~b) is the second part,COMMAND(b+1~~c) is the third part.

1114

1115

1116

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)//**AT+NEWLINE=NULL**//(%%)// //Turn off the functionality of this AT command.

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

1121

)))

1122

1123

//AT+NEWLINE=ALL ~-~--> (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0xAC 01**//

1124

1125

// AT+NEWLINE= NULL ~-~--> (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0xAC 00**//

1126

1127

//AT+NEWLINE= a+b+c ~-~--> (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0xAC number of bytes a b c**//

1128

1129

//AT+NEWLINE= 1+5+15 ~-~--> (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0xAC 03 01 05 0F**//

1130

1131

1132

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Manually trigger an Uplink**(%%) ====

(((

Ask device to send an uplink immediately.

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

)))

(((

No AT Command for this, user can press the [[ACT button>>||anchor="H3.7Buttons"]] for 1 second for the same.

)))

(((

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x08 FF**(%%), RS485-LN will immediately send an uplink.

)))

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Clear RS485 Command**(%%) ====

(((

The AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx settings are stored in special location, user can use below command to clear them.

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+CMDEAR=mm,nn** (%%) mm: start position of erase ,nn: stop position of erase

)))

(((

Etc. AT+CMDEAR=1,10 means erase AT+COMMAND1/AT+DATACUT1 to AT+COMMAND10/AT+DATACUT10

)))

(((

Example screen shot after clear all RS485 commands.

)))

(((

)))

(((

The uplink screen shot is:

1194

)))

1195

1196

(% aria-label="1654160691922-496.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654160691922-496.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x09 aa bb** (%%) same as AT+CMDEAR=aa,bb

)))

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set Serial Communication Parameters**(%%) ====

(((

Set the Rs485 serial communication parameters:

)))

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

)))

(((

* Set Baud Rate

)))

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+BAUDR=9600** (%%) ~/~/ Options: (200~~115200) When using low baud rate or receiving multiple bytes, you need to use AT+CMDDL to increase the receive timeout (the default receive timeout is 400ms), otherwise data will be lost

(((

* Set UART Parity

)))

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+PARITY=0** (%%) ~/~/ Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity

(((

* Set STOPBIT

)))

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+STOPBIT=0** (%%) ~/~/ Option: 0 for 1bit; 1 for 1.5 bit ; 2 for 2 bits

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A7 01 aa bb**: (%%) Same AT+BAUDR=hex(aa bb)*100

)))

(((

**Example:**

)))

* (((

A7 01 00 60 same as AT+BAUDR=9600

1255

)))

1256

* (((

1257

A7 01 04 80 same as AT+BAUDR=115200

)))

(((

* A7 02 aa: Same as AT+PARITY=aa (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)

)))

(((

* A7 03 aa: Same as AT+STOPBIT=aa (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)

)))

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Configure Databit (Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1276

)))

1277

1278

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATABIT=7 **(%%)~/~/ Set the data bits to 7

1279

1280

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATABIT=8 **(%%)~/~/ Set the data bits to 8

1281

1282

* (((

1283

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1284

)))

1285

1286

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A7 04 07**(%%): Same as AT+DATABIT=7

1287

1288

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A7 04 08**(%%): Same as AT+DATABIT=8

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Encrypted payload(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====

(((

)))

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1300

)))

1301

1302

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DECRYPT=1 ** (%%) ~/~/ The payload is uploaded without encryption

1303

1304

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DECRYPT=0 ** (%%) ~/~/ Encrypt when uploading payload (default)

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Get sensor value(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1313

)))

1314

1315

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+GETSENSORVALUE=0 **(%%) ~/~/ The serial port gets the reading of the current sensor

1316

1317

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+GETSENSORVALUE=1 **(%%) ~/~/ The serial port gets the current sensor reading and uploads it.

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Resets the downlink packet count(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1326

)))

1327

1328

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DISFCNTCHECK=0 **(%%) ~/~/ When the downlink packet count sent by the server is less than the node downlink packet count or exceeds 16384, the node will no longer receive downlink packets (default)

1329

1330

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DISFCNTCHECK=1 **(%%) ~/~/ When the downlink packet count sent by the server is less than the node downlink packet count or exceeds 16384, the node resets the downlink packet count and keeps it consistent with the server downlink packet count.

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**When the limit bytes are exceeded, upload in batches(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1339

)))

1340

1341

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DISMACANS=0** (%%) ~/~/ When the MACANS of the reply server plus the payload exceeds the maximum number of bytes of 11 bytes (DR0 of US915, DR2 of AS923, DR2 of AU195), the node will send a packet with a payload of 00 and a port of 4. (default)

1342

1343

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DISMACANS=1** (%%) ~/~/ When the MACANS of the reply server plus the payload exceeds the maximum number of bytes of the DR, the node will ignore the MACANS and not reply, and only upload the payload part.

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

1348

)))

1349

1350

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x21 00 01 ** (%%) ~/~/ Set the DISMACANS=1

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Copy downlink to uplink (Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1359

)))

1360

1361

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+RPL=5** (%%) ~/~/ After receiving the package from the server, it will immediately upload the content of the package to the server, the port number is 100.

1362

1363

Example：**aa xx xx xx xx** ~/~/ aa indicates whether the configuration has changed, 00 is yes, 01 is no; xx xx xx xx are the bytes sent.

1364

1365

1366

[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LSN50%20%26%20LSN50-V2%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Sensor%20Node%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220823173747-6.png?width=1124&height=165&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220823173747-6.png"]]

1367

1368

For example, sending 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 will return invalid configuration 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77.

[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LSN50%20%26%20LSN50-V2%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Sensor%20Node%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220823173833-7.png?width=1124&height=149&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220823173833-7.png"]]

1373

1374

For example, if 01 00 02 58 is issued, a valid configuration of 01 01 00 02 58 will be returned.

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Query version number and frequency band 、TDC(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====

(((

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1383

1384

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 26 01 ** (%%) ~/~/ Downlink 26 01 can query device upload frequency, frequency band, software version number, TDC time.

)))

Example：

[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LSN50%20%26%20LSN50-V2%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Sensor%20Node%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220823173929-8.png?width=1205&height=76&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220823173929-8.png"]]

==== (% style="color:blue" %)** Monitor RS485 communication of other devices(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**

1399

)))

1400

1401

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+RXMODE=1,10** (%%) ~/~/ When the RS485-LN receives more than 10 bytes from the RS485, it immediately sends the uplink of the received data.

1402

1403

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+RXMODE=2,500 ** (%%) ~/~/ RS485-LN uploads data as uplink from the first byte received by RS485 to the data received within 500ms after that.

1404

1405

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+RXMODE=0,0 ** (%%) ~/~/ Disable this mode (default)

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1410

)))

1411

1412

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A6 aa bb bb ** (%%) ~/~/ same as AT+RXMODE=aa,bb

1413

1414

[[image:image-20220824144240-1.png]]

1415

1416

1417

== 3.6 Listening mode for RS485 network ==

(((

This feature support since firmware v1.4

)))

(((

RS485-LN supports listening mode, it can listen the RS485 network packets and send them via LoRaWAN uplink. Below is the structure. The blue arrow shows the RS485 network packets to RS485-LN.

1426

1427

[[image:image-20240928104143-6.png||height="487" width="797"]]

1428

)))

1429

1430

(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]

1431

1432

(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

1433

1434

(((

1435

To enable the listening mode, use can run the command (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+RXMODE**.

1436

)))

1437

1438

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

1439

|=(% style="width: 156px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

1440

**Command example**

1441

)))|=(% style="width: 355px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

1442

**Function**

1443

)))

1444

|(% style="width:156px" %)(((

1445

AT+RXMODE=1,10

1446

)))|(% style="width:352px" %)(((

1447

Enable listening mode 1, if RS485-LN has received more than 10 RS485 commands from the network. RS485-LN will send these commands via LoRaWAN uplinks.

1448

)))

1449

|(% style="width:156px" %)(((

1450

AT+RXMODE=2,500

1451

)))|(% style="width:352px" %)(((

1452

Enable listening mode 2, RS485-LN will capture and send a 500ms content once from the first detect of character. Max value is 65535 ms

1453

)))

1454

|(% style="width:156px" %)(((

1455

AT+RXMODE=0,0

1456

)))|(% style="width:352px" %)(((

1457

Disable listening mode. This is the default settings.

1458

)))

1459

|(% style="width:156px" %)(((

1460

1461

)))|(% style="width:352px" %)(((

1462

A6 aa bb cc same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)

)))

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xA6 aa bb cc **(%%) same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)

)))

(((

)))

(((

**Example**:

)))

(((

The RS485-LN is set to AT+RXMODE=2,1000

)))

(((

There is a two Modbus commands in the RS485 network as below:

)))

(((

The Modbus master send a command: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)**01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b**

)))

(((

And Modbus slave reply with: (% style="background-color:green" %)**01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33**

)))

(((

RS485-LN will capture both and send the uplink: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)**01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b **(% style="background-color:green" %)**01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33**

)))

(((

(% aria-label="image-20220602171200-9.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602171200-9.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Listening mode can work with the default polling mode of RS485-LN. When RS485-LN is in to send the RS485 commands (from AT+COMMANDx), the listening mode will be interrupt for a while.**

)))

== 3.7 Buttons ==

(% border="1.5" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:430px" %)

1519

|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Button**|=(% style="width: 380px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Feature**

1520

|(% style="width:50px" %)ACT|(% style="width:361px" %)If RS485 joined in network, press this button for more than 1 second, RS485 will upload a packet, and the SYS LED will give a (% style="color:blue" %)**Blue blink**

1521

|(% style="width:50px" %)RST|(% style="width:361px" %)Reboot RS485

1522

|(% style="width:50px" %)PRO|(% style="width:361px" %)Use for upload image, see [[How to Update Image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]

== 3.8 LEDs ==

(% border="1.5" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:430px" %)

1528

|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**LEDs**|=(% style="width: 380px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Feature**

1529

|PWR|Always on if there is power

1530

|SYS|After device is powered on, the SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**fast blink in GREEN**(%%) for 5 times, means RS485-LN start to join LoRaWAN network. If join success, SYS will be (% style="color:green" %)**on GREEN for 5 seconds** (%%)**. **SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**blink Blue**(%%) on every upload and (% style="color:green" %)**blink Green**(%%) once receive a downlink message.

= 4. Case Study =

User can check this URL for some case studies: [[APP RS485 COMMUNICATE WITH SENSORS>>doc:Main.Application Note \: Communicate with Different Sensors ----- RS485-LN RS485-BL.WebHome]]

1536

1537

1538

= 5. Use AT Command =

1539

1540

== 5.1 Access AT Command ==

(((

RS485-LN supports AT Command set. User can use a USB to TTL adapter plus the 3.5mm Program Cable to connect to RS485-LN to use AT command, as below.

1545

)))

1546

1547

(% aria-label="1654162355560-817.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162355560-817.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

(((

In PC, User needs to set (% style="color:blue" %)**serial tool**(%%)(such as [[putty>>url:https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/latest.html]], SecureCRT) baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access to access serial console of RS485-LN. The default password is 123456. Below is the output for reference:

1552

)))

1553

1554

(% aria-label="1654162368066-342.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162368066-342.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

(((

More detail AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LT_LoRa_IO_Controller/LT33222-L/]]

)))

== 5.2 Common AT Command Sequence ==

1563

1564

=== 5.2.1 Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308) ===

1565

1566

1567

If device has not joined network yet:

1568

1569

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+FDR**

1570

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+NJM=0**

1571

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**ATZ**

(((

If device already joined network:

1577

1578

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+NJM=0**

1579

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**ATZ**

)))

=== 5.5.2 Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02) ===

1585

1586

1587

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR** (%%) Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve

1588

1589

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM=0 **(%%) Set to ABP mode

1590

1591

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ADR=0** (%%) Set the Adaptive Data Rate Off

1592

1593

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DR=5** (%%) Set Data Rate

1594

1595

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TDC=60000** (%%) Set transmit interval to 60 seconds

1596

1597

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHS=868400000**(%%) Set transmit frequency to 868.4Mhz

1598

1599

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2FQ=868400000** (%%) Set RX2Frequency to 868.4Mhz (according to the result from server)

1600

1601

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DR=5** (%%) Set RX2DR to match the downlink DR from server. see below

1602

1603

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DADDR=26** (%%) 01 1A F1 Set Device Address to 26 01 1A F1, this ID can be found in the LoRa Server portal.

1604

1605

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ** (%%) Reset MCU

1606

1607

1608

(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**

1609

1610

(((

1611

(% style="color:red" %)1. Make sure the device is set to ABP mode in the IoT Server.

1612

2. Make sure the LG01/02 gateway RX frequency is exactly the same as AT+CHS setting.

1613

3. Make sure SF / bandwidth setting in LG01/LG02 match the settings of AT+DR. refer [[this link>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/&file=LoRaWAN%201.0.3%20Regional%20Parameters.xlsx]] to see what DR means.

1614

4. The command AT+RX2FQ and AT+RX2DR is to let downlink work. to set the correct parameters, user can check the actually downlink parameters to be used. As below. Which shows the RX2FQ should use 868400000 and RX2DR should be 5

)))

(% aria-label="1654162478620-421.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162478620-421.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

= 6. FAQ =

== 6.1 How to upgrade the image? ==

(((

The RS485-LN LoRaWAN Controller is shipped with a 3.5mm cable, the cable is used to upload image to RS485-LN to:

)))

* (((

Support new features

)))

* (((

For bug fix

)))

* (((

Change LoRaWAN bands.

)))

(((

Below shows the hardware connection for how to upload an image to RS485-LN:

1643

)))

1644

1645

(% aria-label="1654162535040-878.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162535040-878.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]

1646

1647

(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

1648

1649

(((

1650

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step1**(%%)**:** Download [[flash loader>>url:https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/flasher-stm32.html]].

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step2**(%%)**:** Download the [[LT Image files>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/g99v0fxcltn9r1y/AACP33wo_ZQLsxW2MJ70oUoba/RS485-LN/Firmware?dl=0&subfolder_nav_tracking=1]].

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step3**(%%)**: **Open flashloader; choose the correct COM port to update.

)))

(((

(((

(((

(% style="color:blue" %) Hold down the PRO button and then momentarily press the RST reset button and the SYS led will change from OFF to ON, While SYS LED is RED ON, it means the RS485-LN is ready to be program.

)))

)))

)))

(% aria-label="image-20220602175818-12.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602175818-12.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

1677

1678

1679

(% aria-label="image-20220602175848-13.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602175848-13.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

1680

1681

1682

(% aria-label="image-20220602175912-14.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602175912-14.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

1683

1684

1685

(% style="color:red" %)**Users can select the new burning software STM32Cubeprogramer for firmware upgrade and follow the same connection steps to enter burning mode (until SYS LED is RED ON):**

1686

1687

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H4.2.FirmwareupgradeusingSTM32Cubeprogramer>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H4.2.FirmwareupgradeusingSTM32Cubeprogramer]]

1688

1689

1690

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice**: **In case user has lost the program cable. User can hand made one from a 3.5mm cable. The pin mapping is:**

1691

1692

(% aria-label="image-20220602175638-10.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602175638-10.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

1693

1694

1695

== 6.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==

1696

1697

1698

User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.

1699

1700

1701

== 6.3 How many RS485-Slave can RS485-LN connects? ==

1702

1703

1704

The RS485-LN can support max 32 RS485 devices. Each uplink command of RS485-LN can support max 15 different RS485 command. So RS485-LN can support max 15 RS485 devices pre-program in the device for uplink. For other devices no pre-program, user can use the [[downlink message (type code 0xA8) to poll their info>>||anchor="H3.3.3Configurereadcommandsforeachsampling"]].

1705

1706

1707

== 6.4 Compatible question to ChirpStack and TTI LoRaWAN server ? ==

1708

1709

1710

When user need to use with ChirpStack or TTI. Please set AT+RPL=4.

1711

1712

Detail info check this link: [[Set Packet Receiving Response Level>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.23SetPacketReceivingResponseLevel"]]

1713

1714

1715

== 6.5 Can i use point to point communication for RS485-LN? ==

1716

1717

1718

Yes, please updating point-to-point [[firmware>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/g99v0fxcltn9r1y/AACP33wo_ZQLsxW2MJ70oUoba/RS485-LN/Firmware?dl=0&subfolder_nav_tracking=1]]，then refer [[Point to Point Communication for RS485-LN>>Point to Point Communication for RS485-LN]].

1719

1720

1721

== 6.6 How to Use RS485-LN to connect to RS232 devices? ==

1722

1723

1724

[[Use RS485-BL or RS485-LN to connect to RS232 devices. - DRAGINO>>url:http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/RS485%20to%20RS232/]]

1725

1726

1727

== 6.7 How to judge whether there is a problem with the set COMMAND ==

1728

1729

=== 6.7.1 Introduce: ===

1730

1731

1732

Users can use below the structure to fast debug the communication between RS485BL and RS485-LN. The principle is to put the PC in the RS485 network and sniff the packet between Modbus MTU and RS485-BL/LN. We can use this way to:

1733

1734

1. Test if Modbus-MTU works with PC commands.

1735

1. Check if RS485-LN sent the expected command to Mobus-MTU

1736

1. Check if Modbus-MTU return back the expected result to RS485-LN.

1737

1. If both b) and c) has issue, we can compare PC’s output and RS485-LN output.

1738

1739

[[image:image-20240816112950-1.png||height="382" width="731"]]

Example Connection:

[[image:image-20221130104310-2.png]]

1745

1746

1747

=== 6.7.2 Set up PC to monitor RS485 network With Serial tool ===

1748

1749

1750

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Receive and send set to hex mode**

1751

1752

[[image:image-20221130104310-3.png||height="616" width="714"]]

1753

1754

1755

=== 6.7.3 With ModRSsim2: ===

1756

1757

1758

(% style="color:blue" %)**(1) Select serial port MODBUS RS-232**

1759

1760

[[image:image-20221130104310-4.png||height="390" width="865"]]

1761

1762

1763

(% style="color:blue" %)**(2) Click the serial port icon**

1764

1765

[[image:image-20221130104310-5.png||height="392" width="870"]]

1766

1767

1768

(% style="color:blue" %)**(3) After selecting the correct serial port and baud rate, click ok**

1769

1770

[[image:image-20221130104310-6.png]]

1771

1772

1773

(% style="color:blue" %)**(4) Click the comms.**

1774

1775

[[image:image-20221130104310-7.png||height="376" width="835"]]

1776

1777

(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HRunRS485-LN2FBLcommandandmonitorifitiscorrect." %)

1778

**Run RS485-LN/BL command and monitor if it is correct.**

1779

1780

1781

=== 6.7.4 Example – Test the CFGDEV command ===

1782

1783

1784

RS485-LN sent below command:

1785

1786

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CFGDEV=01 03 00 20 00 01,1**(%%) to RS485 network, and PC is able to get this command and return commands from MTU to show in the serial tool.

1787

1788

1789

We can see the output from the Serial port tool to analyze. And check if they are expected result.

1790

1791

[[image:image-20221130104310-8.png||height="214" width="797"]]

1792

1793

1794

We can also use (% style="color:blue" %)**ModRSsim2**(%%) to see the output.

1795

1796

[[image:image-20221130104310-9.png||height="531" width="729"]]

1797

1798

1799

=== 6.7.5 Example – Test CMD command sets. ===

1800

1801

1802

Run (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+GETSENSORVALUE=1**(%%) to test the CMD commands set in RS485-LN.

1803

1804

1805

(% style="color:blue" %)**Serial port tool:**

1806

1807

[[image:image-20221130104310-10.png||height="339" width="844"]]

1808

1809

1810

(% style="color:blue" %)**ModRSsim2:**

1811

1812

[[image:image-20221130104310-11.png||height="281" width="962"]]

1813

1814

1815

=== 6.7.6 Test with PC ===

1816

1817

1818

If there is still have problem to set up correctly the commands between RS485-LN and MTU. User can test the correct RS485 command set in PC and compare with the RS485 command sent out via RS485-LN. as long as both commands are the same, the MTU should return correct result.

1819

1820

1821

Or User can send the working commands set in PC serial tool to Dragino Support to check what should be configured in RS485-LN.

1822

1823

(% style="color:blue" %)**Connection method：**

1824

1825

[[image:image-20221130104310-12.png]]

1826

1827

1828

(% style="color:blue" %)**Link situation:**

1829

1830

[[image:image-20221130104310-13.png||height="458" width="486"]]

1831

1832

1833

[[image:image-20221130104310-14.png||height="371" width="823"]]

1834

1835

1836

== 6.8 Where to get the decoder for RS485-LN? ==

1837

1838

1839

The decoder for RS485-LN needs to be written by yourself. Because the sensor to which the user is connected is custom, the read device data bytes also need custom parsing, so there is no universal decoder. We can only provide [[templates>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/RS485-LN]] for decoders (no intermediate data parsing part involved)

1840

1841

1842

== 6.9 How to configure RS485 commands more conveniently？ ==

1843

1844

1845

Dragino has developed an application for the RS485 series of products.

1846

1847

It can help you configure RS485 sensors more conveniently

1848

Please refer to the link below for specific usage：

1849

1850

[[RS485 Configure Tool - DRAGINO>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/RS485_Configure_Tool/#HTableofContentsFF1A]]

== 6.10 How to determine whether the returned data value FF is valid data or invalid data? ==

1855

1856

The address of the returned data can be used as a flag.

1857

1858

The customer uses the intercept command to intercept the first bit of the returned data (the slave address of the sensor) as a judgment flag.

**Invalid data:**

If the first bit and the data are both FF, it means the data is empty.

**Valid data:**

If the first bit is a normal slave address and the data is FF, it means the data is normal.

1867

1868

1869

= 7. Trouble Shooting =

1870

1871

== 7.1 Downlink doesn't work, how to solve it? ==

1872

1873

1874

Please see this link for debug: [[LoRaWAN Communication Debug>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome]]

1875

1876

1877

== 7.2 Why customers can't join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands? ==

1878

1879

1880

It might about the channels mapping. Please see for detail: [[Notice of Frequency band>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome||anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]]

1881

1882

1883

== 7.3 Why can't customers see the device's data in the server when the data is too long? ==

1884

1885

1886

This is due to the limitation of the lorawan protocol, and the fixed DR needs to be adjusted to improve this problem.

1887

1888

Please refer to the following link for the number of bytes limited by different frequencies and different DRs in the lorawan protocol

1889

1890

[[lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/RP002-1.0.3-FINAL-1.pdf>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/RP002-1.0.3-FINAL-1.pdf]]

Example:

[[image:image-20240620145456-1.png]]

1895

1896

Please refer to the following command to fix DR

AT+ADR=0

AT+DR=3

Downlink command:

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/#H7.4DataRate>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/#H7.4DataRate]]

= 8. Order Info =

(% style="color:blue" %)**Part Number: RS485-LN-XXX**

1911

1912

(% style="color:blue" %)**XXX:**

1913

1914

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): frequency bands EU433

1915

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): frequency bands EU868

1916

* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): frequency bands KR920

1917

* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): frequency bands CN470

1918

* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): frequency bands AS923

1919

* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): frequency bands AU915

1920

* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): frequency bands US915

1921

* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): frequency bands IN865

1922

* (% style="color:red" %)**RU864**(%%): frequency bands RU864

1923

* (% style="color:red" %)**KZ865**(%%): frequency bands KZ865

= 9. Packing Info =

**Package Includes**:

1929

1930

* RS485-LN x 1

1931

* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part x 1

1932

* Program cable x 1

1933

1934

**Dimension and weight**:

1935

1936

* Device Size: 13.5 x 7 x 3 cm

1937

* Device Weight: 105g

1938

* Package Size / pcs : 14.5 x 8 x 5 cm

1939

* Weight / pcs : 170g

1940

1941

= 10. FCC Caution for RS485LN-US915 =

(((

Any Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

)))

(((

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

)))

(((

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**IMPORTANT NOTE:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: **(%%)This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

)))

(((

—Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

)))

(((

—Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

)))

(((

—Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

)))

(((

—Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

)))

(((

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:**

)))

(((

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator& your body.

)))

= 11. Support =

* (((

Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

1998

)))

1999

* (((

2000

Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].

)))

Wiki source code of RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual

Applications

Navigation