<
From version < 67.1 >
edited by Bei Jinggeng
on 2022/07/08 16:50
To version < 110.3 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2024/01/15 17:07
>
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Author
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1 -XWiki.Bei
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Content
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12 12  
13 13  
14 14  
15 -
16 -
17 -
18 -
19 -
20 20  **Table of Contents:**
21 21  
22 22  {{toc/}}
... ... @@ -33,44 +33,32 @@
33 33  
34 34  
35 35  
36 -= 1.Introduction =
31 += 1. Introduction =
37 37  
38 38  == 1.1 What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
39 39  
40 -(((
41 -(((
42 -(((
43 -
44 44  
36 +(((
45 45  The Dragino RS485-LN is a (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter**(%%). It converts the RS485 signal into LoRaWAN wireless signal which simplify the IoT installation and reduce the installation/maintaining cost.
46 46  )))
47 -)))
48 48  
49 49  (((
50 -(((
51 -RS485-LN allows user to (% style="color:blue" %)**monitor / control RS485 devices**(%%) and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, smartphone detection, building automation, and so on.
41 +RS485-LN allows user to (% style="color:blue" %)**monitor / control RS485 devices**(%%) and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, building automation, and so on.
52 52  )))
53 -)))
54 54  
55 55  (((
56 -(((
57 57  (% style="color:blue" %)**For data uplink**(%%), RS485-LN sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485 devices. RS485-LN will process these returns according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to LoRaWAN server.
58 58  )))
59 -)))
60 60  
61 61  (((
62 -(((
63 63  (% style="color:blue" %)**For data downlink**(%%), RS485-LN runs in LoRaWAN Class C. When there downlink commands from LoRaWAN server, RS485-LN will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.
64 64  )))
65 65  
66 66  (((
67 67  (% style="color:blue" %)**Demo Dashboard for RS485-LN**(%%) connect to two energy meters: [[https:~~/~~/app.datacake.de/dashboard/d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a>>url:https://app.datacake.de/dashboard/d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a]]
68 -
69 -
70 70  )))
71 -)))
72 -)))
73 73  
56 +
74 74  (% aria-label="1653267211009-519.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1653267211009-519.png||data-widget="image" height="419" width="724"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
75 75  
76 76  
... ... @@ -77,20 +77,20 @@
77 77  == 1.2 Specifications ==
78 78  
79 79  
80 -**Hardware System:**
63 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
81 81  
82 -* STM32L072CZT6 MCU
65 +* STM32L072xxxx MCU
83 83  * SX1276/78 Wireless Chip 
84 84  * Power Consumption (exclude RS485 device):
85 85  ** Idle: 32mA@12v
86 86  ** 20dB Transmit: 65mA@12v
87 87  
88 -**Interface for Model:**
71 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface for Model:**
89 89  
90 90  * RS485
91 91  * Power Input 7~~ 24V DC. 
92 92  
93 -**LoRa Spec:**
76 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
94 94  
95 95  * Frequency Range:
96 96  ** Band 1 (HF): 862 ~~ 1020 Mhz
... ... @@ -111,11 +111,11 @@
111 111  * Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.
112 112  * Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC
113 113  
114 -
115 115  == 1.3 Features ==
116 116  
99 +
117 117  * LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class C)
118 -* Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865/RU864
101 +* Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865/RU864/MA869
119 119  * AT Commands to change parameters
120 120  * Remote configure parameters via LoRa Downlink
121 121  * Firmware upgradable via program port
... ... @@ -123,9 +123,9 @@
123 123  * Support Modbus protocol
124 124  * Support Interrupt uplink (Since hardware version v1.2)
125 125  
126 -
127 127  == 1.4 Applications ==
128 128  
111 +
129 129  * Smart Buildings & Home Automation
130 130  * Logistics and Supply Chain Management
131 131  * Smart Metering
... ... @@ -133,14 +133,15 @@
133 133  * Smart Cities
134 134  * Smart Factory
135 135  
136 -
137 137  == 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
138 138  
121 +
139 139  [[RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/]]
140 140  
141 141  
142 142  == 1.6 Hardware Change log ==
143 143  
127 +
144 144  (((
145 145  (((
146 146  (((
... ... @@ -157,6 +157,7 @@
157 157  
158 158  = 2. Power ON Device =
159 159  
144 +
160 160  (((
161 161  The RS485-LN can be powered by 7 ~~ 24V DC power source. Connection as below
162 162  
... ... @@ -176,6 +176,7 @@
176 176  
177 177  == 3.1 How it works? ==
178 178  
164 +
179 179  (((
180 180  (((
181 181  The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
... ... @@ -186,8 +186,10 @@
186 186  
187 187  == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ==
188 188  
175 +
189 189  Here shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 Network. Below is the network structure, we use [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]] as LoRaWAN gateway here. 
190 190  
178 +
191 191  (% aria-label="1653268155545-638.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1653268155545-638.png||data-widget="image" height="334" width="724"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
192 192  
193 193  
... ... @@ -198,6 +198,8 @@
198 198  
199 199  (((
200 200  485A+ and 485B- of the sensor are connected to RS485A and RA485B of RS485-LN respectively.
189 +
190 +
201 201  )))
202 202  
203 203  (% aria-label="1653268227651-549.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1653268227651-549.png||data-widget="image" height="592" width="720"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
... ... @@ -205,6 +205,8 @@
205 205  
206 206  (((
207 207  The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>path:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
198 +
199 +
208 208  )))
209 209  
210 210  (((
... ... @@ -216,12 +216,14 @@
216 216  )))
217 217  )))
218 218  
219 -(% aria-label="1652953462722-299.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1652953462722-299.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
211 +(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]][[image:image-20230425175410-2.png]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
220 220  
221 221  
222 222  (((
223 223  (((
224 224  User can enter this key in their LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
217 +
218 +
225 225  )))
226 226  
227 227  (((
... ... @@ -235,8 +235,11 @@
235 235  
236 236  (% aria-label="image-20220519174512-3.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220519174512-3.png||data-widget="image" height="556" width="724"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
237 237  
238 -(% aria-label="image-20220519174512-4.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220519174512-4.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
232 +(% aria-label="image-20220519174512-4.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220519174512-4.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]
239 239  
234 +
235 +(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
236 +
240 240  You can also choose to create the device manually.
241 241  
242 242  (% aria-label="1652953542269-423.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1652953542269-423.png||data-widget="image" height="710" width="723"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
... ... @@ -250,79 +250,94 @@
250 250  
251 251  (((
252 252  (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on RS485-LN and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
250 +
251 +
253 253  )))
254 254  
255 255  (% aria-label="1652953568895-172.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1652953568895-172.png||data-widget="image" height="232" width="724"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
256 256  
257 257  
258 -== 3.3 Configure Commands to read data ==
257 +== 3.3 Configure Device to Read RS485 Sensors ==
259 259  
259 +
260 +There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different commands to read the valid data. To support these devices in most flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use [[Dragino RS485 Tool>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/us9qecn39fwt8n1/AABREdqUCzEmJMRrfuWuXasoa?dl=0]],  [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/RS485-LB_Waterproof_RS485UART_to_LoRaWAN_Converter/#H3.5ConfigureRS485-LBviaATorDownlink]] Command to configure how RS485-LN should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
261 +
262 +
260 260  (((
261 261  (((
262 262  (((
263 -There are plenty of RS485 devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands>>||anchor="H3.5ConfigureRS485-LNviaATorDownlink"]] or LoRaWAN Downlink Command to configure what commands RS485-LN should send for each sampling and how to handle the return from RS485 devices.
266 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please check the [[user manual v1.0>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/&file=RS485-LN_UserManual_v1.0.1.pdf]] or upgrade the firmware to v1.1**
264 264  )))
265 -)))
266 266  
267 -(((
268 -(((
269 -(% style="color:red" %)Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please check the [[user manual v1.0>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/&file=RS485-LN_UserManual_v1.0.1.pdf]] or upgrade the firmware to v1.1
270 -)))
271 271  
272 -
270 +=== 3.3.1 Method 1 ~-~- via RS485 Configure Tool ===
271 +
272 +
273 +Use the RS485 Configure tool is the recommand method. Please see the instruction of how to use the tool:
274 +
275 +* **[[RS485 Configure Tool Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/RS485_Configure_Tool/]]**
276 +
277 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/RS485-LB_Waterproof_RS485UART_to_LoRaWAN_Converter/WebHome/image-20231127144411-1.png?width=494&height=368&rev=1.1||alt="image-20231127144411-1.png" height="368" width="494"]]
278 +
279 +
280 +=== 3.3.2  Method 2 ~-~- via AT Commands ===
273 273  )))
274 274  )))
275 275  
276 -=== 3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication ===
284 +==== 3.3.2.1 Configure UART settings for RS485 communication ====
277 277  
278 -To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. And user need to make sure RS485-LN use the match UART setting to access the sensors. The related commands for UART settings are:
279 279  
280 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)
281 -|=(% style="width: 110px;" %)(((
287 +To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. The related commands for UART settings are:
288 +
289 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
290 +|=(% style="width: 126px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((
282 282  **AT Commands**
283 -)))|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)(((
292 +)))|=(% style="width: 187px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((
284 284  **Description**
285 -)))|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)(((
294 +)))|=(% style="width: 197px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((
286 286  **Example**
287 287  )))
288 -|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
297 +|(% style="width:126px" %)(((
298 +
299 +
300 +(((
289 289  AT+BAUDR
290 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
302 +)))
303 +)))|(% style="width:177px" %)(((
291 291  Set the baud rate (for RS485 connection). Default Value is: 9600.
292 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
305 +)))|(% style="width:193px" %)(((
293 293  (((
294 294  AT+BAUDR=9600
295 295  )))
296 296  
297 297  (((
298 -Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200)
311 +Options: (1200,2400,4800,
312 +14400,19200,115200)
299 299  )))
300 300  )))
301 -|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
315 +|(% style="width:126px" %)(((
302 302  AT+PARITY
303 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
317 +)))|(% style="width:177px" %)(((
304 304  Set UART parity (for RS485 connection)
305 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
319 +)))|(% style="width:193px" %)(((
306 306  (((
307 307  AT+PARITY=0
308 308  )))
309 309  
310 310  (((
311 -Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
325 +Option: 0: no parity,
326 +1: odd parity,
327 +2: even parity
312 312  )))
313 313  )))
314 -|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
330 +|(% style="width:126px" %)(((
315 315  AT+STOPBIT
316 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
332 +)))|(% style="width:177px" %)(((
317 317  (((
318 318  Set serial stopbit (for RS485 connection)
319 319  )))
320 -
336 +)))|(% style="width:193px" %)(((
321 321  (((
322 -
323 -)))
324 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
325 -(((
326 326  AT+STOPBIT=0 for 1bit
327 327  )))
328 328  
... ... @@ -335,18 +335,16 @@
335 335  )))
336 336  )))
337 337  
350 +=== 3.3.3 Configure sensors ===
338 338  
339 -=== 3.3.2 Configure sensors ===
340 340  
341 341  (((
342 -(((
343 -Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC and RS485 adapter or through RS485-LN AT Commands (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**(%%). Each (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV **(%%)equals to send a RS485 command to sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won’t run during each sampling.
354 +Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC and RS485 adapter or through RS485-LN AT Commands (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**(%%). Each (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV **(%%)equals to send a RS485 command to sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won't run during each sampling.
344 344  )))
345 -)))
346 346  
347 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)
348 -|=(% style="width: 110px;" %)**AT Commands**|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)**Description**|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)**Example**
349 -|AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
357 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
358 +|=(% style="width: 122px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**AT Commands**|=(% style="width: 198px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Description**|=(% style="width: 190px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Example**
359 +|(% style="width:122px" %)AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:196px" %)(((
350 350  (((
351 351  This command is used to configure the RS485/TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
352 352  )))
... ... @@ -360,8 +360,8 @@
360 360  )))
361 361  )))|(% style="width:190px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
362 362  
373 +=== 3.3.4 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
363 363  
364 -=== 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
365 365  
366 366  (((
367 367  During each sampling, we need confirm what commands we need to send to the RS485 sensors to read data. After the RS485 sensors send back the value, it normally include some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload.
... ... @@ -375,6 +375,7 @@
375 375  
376 376  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Each RS485 commands include two parts:**
377 377  
388 +
378 378  ~1. What commands RS485-LN will send to the RS485 sensors. There are total 15 commands from **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF**. All commands are of same grammar.
379 379  
380 380  2. How to get wanted value the from RS485 sensors returns from by 1). There are total 15 AT Commands to handle the return, commands are **AT+DATACUT1**,**AT+DATACUT2**,…, **AT+DATACUTF** corresponding to the commands from 1). All commands are of same grammar.
... ... @@ -389,9 +389,9 @@
389 389  
390 390  (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+COMMANDx **(%%)**: **This command will be sent to RS485 devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is:
391 391  
392 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:499px" %)
403 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:499px" %)
393 393  |(% style="width:496px" %)(((
394 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**
405 +**AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**
395 395  
396 396  **xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx: The RS485 command to be sent**
397 397  
... ... @@ -403,9 +403,23 @@
403 403  In the RS485-LN, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same.
404 404  
405 405  
406 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DATACUTx **(%%)**: **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 45 bytes.
417 +If a single command exceeds 14 bytes, you can use the command splicing function.
407 407  
408 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:510px" %)
419 +When AT+CMDDLx=1, the commands of AT+COMMANDx and AT+COMMAND(x+1) will be merged.
420 +
421 +
422 +**Examples:** To send 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F data it should be configured:
423 +
424 + AT+COMMAND1=00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D,0
425 +
426 + AT+COMMAND1=1
427 +
428 + AT+COMMAND2=0E 0F,0
429 +
430 +
431 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DATACUTx **(%%)**: **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 100 bytes.
432 +
433 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
409 409  |(% style="width:510px" %)(((
410 410  **AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c**
411 411  
... ... @@ -416,26 +416,29 @@
416 416  
417 417  **Examples:**
418 418  
444 +
419 419  * (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab bytes**
420 420  
421 421  (% aria-label="image-20220602153621-1.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602153621-1.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
422 422  
423 423  
450 +
424 424  * (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab a section**
425 425  
426 426  (% aria-label="image-20220602153621-2.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602153621-2.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
427 427  
428 428  
456 +
429 429  * (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab different sections**
430 430  
431 431  (% aria-label="image-20220602153621-3.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602153621-3.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
432 432  
433 -
434 434  
435 435  )))
436 436  
437 -=== 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload ===
464 +=== 3.3.5 Compose the uplink payload ===
438 438  
466 +
439 439  (((
440 440  Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.**
441 441  
... ... @@ -453,18 +453,16 @@
453 453  )))
454 454  
455 455  (((
456 -Final Payload is
484 +Final Payload is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx**
457 457  )))
458 458  
459 459  (((
460 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx**
461 -)))
462 -
463 -(((
464 464  Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot.
489 +
490 +
465 465  )))
466 466  
467 -(% aria-label="1653269759169-150.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1653269759169-150.png||data-widget="image" height="513" width="716"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
493 +[[image:image-20220929111027-1.png||height="509" width="685"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
468 468  
469 469  
470 470  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
... ... @@ -472,16 +472,18 @@
472 472  
473 473  Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**.
474 474  
475 -Final Payload is
501 +Final Payload is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA**
476 476  
477 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA**
478 478  
504 +~1. PAYVER: Defined by AT+PAYVER
479 479  
480 -1. PAYVER: Defined by AT+PAYVER
481 -1. PAYLOAD COUNT: Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
482 -1. PAYLOAD#: Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
483 -1. DATA: Valid value: max 8 bytes for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 8 bytes
506 +2. PAYLOAD COUNT: Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
484 484  
508 +3. PAYLOAD#: Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
509 +
510 +4. DATA: Valid value: max 8 bytes for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 8 bytes
511 +
512 +
485 485  (% aria-label="image-20220602155039-4.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602155039-4.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
486 486  
487 487  
... ... @@ -494,8 +494,9 @@
494 494  DATA3=the rest of Valid value of RETURN10= **30**
495 495  
496 496  
497 -(% style="color:red" %)Notice: In firmware v1.3, the Max bytes has been changed according to the max bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
525 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: In firmware v1.3, the Max bytes has been changed according to the max bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:**
498 498  
527 +
499 499   ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink.
500 500  
501 501   * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 11 bytes for each uplink.
... ... @@ -505,25 +505,32 @@
505 505   ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink.
506 506  
507 507  
537 +(% style="color:red" %)** When AT+DATAUP=1, the maximum number of segments is 15, and the maximum total number of bytes is 1500;**
538 +
539 +(% style="color:red" %)** When AT+DATAUP=1 and AT+ADR=0, the maximum number of bytes of each payload is determined by the DR value. (Since v1.4.0)**
540 +
541 +
542 +
508 508  Below are the uplink payloads:
509 509  
545 +
510 510  (% aria-label="1654157178836-407.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654157178836-407.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
511 511  
512 512  
549 +=== 3.3.6 Uplink on demand ===
513 513  
514 -=== 3.3.5 Uplink on demand ===
515 515  
516 516  Except uplink periodically, RS485-LN is able to uplink on demand. The server send downlink command to RS485-LN and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.
517 517  
518 -Downlink control command:
554 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink control command:**
519 519  
520 -**0x08 command**: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-LN.
556 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x08 command**(%%): Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-LN.
521 521  
522 -**0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-LN and uplink the output from sensors.
558 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xA8 command**(%%): Send a command to RS485-LN and uplink the output from sensors.
523 523  
524 524  
561 +=== 3.3.7 Uplink on Interrupt ===
525 525  
526 -=== 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt ===
527 527  
528 528  RS485-LN support external Interrupt uplink since hardware v1.2 release.
529 529  
... ... @@ -535,13 +535,30 @@
535 535  == 3.4 Uplink Payload ==
536 536  
537 537  
538 -(% aria-label="image-20220606110929-1.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220606110929-1.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
574 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
575 +|(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white; width:70px" %)(((
576 +**Size(bytes)**
577 +)))|(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white; width:80px" %)**1**|(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white; width:360px" %)(((
578 +**Length depends on the return from the commands**
579 +)))
580 +|(% style="width:90px" %)(((
581 +Value
582 +)))|(% style="width:114px" %)(((
583 +PAYLOAD_VER
584 +)))|(% style="width:353px" %)(((
585 +If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum
539 539  
540 -Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.
587 +support payload length in server, server will show payload not
541 541  
589 +provided in the LoRaWAN server.
590 +)))
542 542  
592 +(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](%%)Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.
593 +
594 +
543 543  == 3.5 Configure RS485-LN via AT or Downlink ==
544 544  
597 +
545 545  (((
546 546  User can configure RS485-LN via AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
547 547  )))
... ... @@ -565,35 +565,39 @@
565 565  
566 566  === 3.5.1 Common Commands ===
567 567  
621 +
568 568  They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
569 569  
570 570  
571 -=== 3.5.2 Sensor related commands ===
625 +=== 3.5.2 Downlink Response(Since firmware v1.4) ===
572 572  
627 +
573 573  Response feature is added to the server's downlink, a special package with a FPort of 200 will be uploaded immediately after receiving the data sent by the server.
574 574  
575 -(% aria-label="image-20220602163333-5.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602163333-5.png||data-widget="image" height="263" width="1160"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
576 576  
577 -The first byte of this package represents whether the configuration is successful, 00 represents failure, 01 represents success. Except for the first byte, the other is the previous downlink. (All commands except A8 type commands are applicable)
631 +(% aria-label="image-20220602163333-5.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602163333-5.png||data-widget="image" height="263" width="1160"]]
578 578  
633 +(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
579 579  
635 +The first byte of this package represents whether the configuration is successful, 00 represents failure, 01 represents success. Except for the first byte, the other is the previous downlink. (All commands except A8 type commands are applicable)
580 580  
637 +
581 581  === 3.5.3 Sensor related commands ===
582 582  
583 583  
584 584  
585 -
586 586  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 Debug Command**(%%) ====
587 587  
644 +
588 588  (((
589 -This command is used to configure the RS485 devices; they wont be used during sampling.
646 +This command is used to configure the RS485 devices; they won't be used during sampling. Max Length of AT+CFGDEV is **40 bytes**.
590 590  )))
591 591  
592 -* (((
593 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command**
649 +(((
650 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command**
594 594  
595 595  (((
596 -**AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**  m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
653 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**  (%%) m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
597 597  )))
598 598  )))
599 599  
... ... @@ -606,7 +606,7 @@
606 606  )))
607 607  
608 608  (((
609 -Format: A8 MM NN XX XX XX XX YY
666 +Format: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A8 MM NN XX XX XX XX YY**
610 610  )))
611 611  
612 612  (((
... ... @@ -641,7 +641,7 @@
641 641  (((
642 642  
643 643  
644 -**Example 1**  ~-~-> Configure without ask for uplink (YY=0)
701 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Example 1:**  (%%) ~-~-> Configure without ask for uplink (YY=0)
645 645  )))
646 646  
647 647  (((
... ... @@ -679,7 +679,7 @@
679 679  )))
680 680  
681 681  (((
682 -**Example 2**  ~-~-> Configure with requesting uplink and original downlink command (**YY=FF**)
739 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Example 2:**  (%%) ~-~-> Configure with requesting uplink and original downlink command (**YY=FF**)
683 683  )))
684 684  
685 685  (((
... ... @@ -704,37 +704,51 @@
704 704  
705 705  
706 706  
707 -
708 708  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set Payload version**(%%) ====
709 709  
766 +
710 710  (((
711 711  This is the first byte of the uplink payload. RS485-LN can connect to different sensors. User can set the PAYVER field to tell server how to decode the current payload.
712 712  )))
713 713  
714 -* (((
715 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**
771 +(((
772 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**
716 716  
717 -**AT+PAYVER:    **Set PAYVER field = 1
774 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+PAYVER:    ** (%%) Set PAYVER field = 1
718 718  
719 719  
720 720  )))
778 +
721 721  * (((
722 722  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**
723 723  )))
724 724  
725 725  (((
726 -**0xAE 01**  ~-~->  Set PAYVER field =  0x01
784 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAE 01** (%%) ~-~->  Set PAYVER field =  0x01
727 727  )))
728 728  
729 729  (((
730 -**0xAE 0F**   ~-~->  Set PAYVER field =  0x0F
788 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAE 0F**   (%%) ~-~->  Set PAYVER field =  0x0F
731 731  )))
732 732  
733 733  
792 +**1 )  Add the interrupt flag at the highest bit of the Payver byte, that is, Byte7 of the first byte. (Since v1.4.0)**
734 734  
735 735  
795 +[[image:image-20220824145428-2.png||height="168" width="1300"]]
796 +
797 +
798 +
799 +**2 )  if the data intercepted by AT+DATACUT or AT+MBFUN is empty, it will display NULL, and the payload will be filled with n FFs.**
800 +
801 +
802 +[[image:image-20220824145428-3.png||height="308" width="1200"]]
803 +
804 +
805 +
736 736  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set RS485 Sampling Commands**(%%) ====
737 737  
808 +
738 738  (((
739 739  AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx
740 740  )))
... ... @@ -751,9 +751,9 @@
751 751  (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**
752 752  )))
753 753  
754 -**AT+COMMANDx:    **Configure RS485 read command to sensor.
825 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+COMMANDx:    ** (%%) Configure RS485 read command to sensor.
755 755  
756 -**AT+DATACUTx:        **Configure how to handle return from RS485 devices.
827 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATACUTx:        **(%%) Configure how to handle return from RS485 devices.
757 757  
758 758  
759 759  * (((
... ... @@ -761,15 +761,19 @@
761 761  )))
762 762  
763 763  (((
764 -**0xAF** downlink command can be used to set AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx.
835 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAF**(%%) downlink command can be used to set AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx.
836 +
837 +
765 765  )))
766 766  
767 767  (((
768 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note**(%%): if user use AT+COMMANDx to add a new command, he also need to send AT+DATACUTx downlink.
841 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note : if user use AT+COMMANDx to add a new command, he also need to send AT+DATACUTx downlink.**
842 +
843 +
769 769  )))
770 770  
771 771  (((
772 -Format: AF MM NN LL XX XX XX XX YY
847 +Format: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AF MM NN LL XX XX XX XX YY**
773 773  )))
774 774  
775 775  (((
... ... @@ -812,11 +812,11 @@
812 812  
813 813  
814 814  
815 -
816 816  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Fast command to handle MODBUS device**(%%) ====
817 817  
892 +
818 818  (((
819 -**AT+MBFUN** is valid since v1.3 firmware version. The command is for fast configure to read Modbus devices. It is only valid for the devices which follow the [[MODBUS-RTU protocol>>url:https://www.modbustools.com/modbus.html]].
894 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+MBFUN**(%%) is valid since v1.3 firmware version. The command is for fast configure to read Modbus devices. It is only valid for the devices which follow the [[MODBUS-RTU protocol>>url:https://www.modbustools.com/modbus.html]].
820 820  )))
821 821  
822 822  (((
... ... @@ -847,15 +847,22 @@
847 847  
848 848  )))
849 849  
850 -(% aria-label="image-20220602165351-6.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602165351-6.png||data-widget="image"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
925 +(% aria-label="image-20220602165351-6.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602165351-6.png||data-widget="image"]]
851 851  
927 +(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
928 +
852 852  (% aria-label="image-20220602165351-7.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602165351-7.png||data-widget="image"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
853 853  
931 +* (((
932 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**
933 +)))
854 854  
935 +**~ (% style="color:#4472c4" %)A9 aa(%%)** ~-~-> Same as AT+MBFUN=aa
855 855  
856 856  
857 857  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 command timeout**(%%) ====
858 858  
940 +
859 859  (((
860 860  Some Modbus device has slow action to send replies. This command is used to configure the RS485-LN to use longer time to wait for their action.
861 861  )))
... ... @@ -864,10 +864,10 @@
864 864  Default value: 0, range:  0 ~~ 65 seconds
865 865  )))
866 866  
867 -* (((
868 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
949 +(((
950 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
869 869  
870 -**AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)*1000**
952 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)*1000**
871 871  )))
872 872  
873 873  (((
... ... @@ -877,7 +877,7 @@
877 877  )))
878 878  
879 879  (((
880 -**AT+CMDDL1=1000** to send the open time to 1000ms
962 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+CMDDL1=1000** (%%)to send the open time to 1000ms
881 881  )))
882 882  
883 883  (((
... ... @@ -889,26 +889,24 @@
889 889  )))
890 890  
891 891  (((
892 -**0x AA aa bb cc**
974 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x AA aa bb cc**(%%) Same as: AT+CMDDLaa=hex (bb cc)
893 893  )))
894 894  
895 895  (((
896 -Same as: AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)*1000
897 -)))
978 +
898 898  
899 -(((
900 900  **Example:**
901 901  )))
902 902  
903 903  (((
904 -**0xAA 01 00 01**  ~-~-> Same as  **AT+CMDDL1=1000 ms**
984 +**0xAA 01 03 E8**  ~-~-> Same as  **AT+CMDDL1=1000 ms**
905 905  )))
906 906  
907 907  
908 908  
909 -
910 910  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Uplink payload mode**(%%) ====
911 911  
991 +
912 912  (((
913 913  Define to use one uplink or multiple uplinks for the sampling.
914 914  )))
... ... @@ -919,32 +919,89 @@
919 919  
920 920  )))
921 921  
1002 +(((
1003 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1004 +
1005 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATAUP=0**
1006 +
1007 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATAUP=1**
1008 +
1009 +
1010 +)))
1011 +
1012 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAD 01 00 00 14** (%%) **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1,20000  ~/~/  (00 00 14 is 20 seconds)
1013 +
1014 +Each uplink is sent to the server at 20-second intervals when segmented.
1015 +
1016 +
922 922  * (((
923 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1018 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**
924 924  )))
925 925  
926 -**AT+DATAUP=0**
1021 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAD 00** (%%) **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=0
927 927  
928 -**AT+DATAUP=1**
1023 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAD 01**  (%%) **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1  ~/~/Each uplink is sent to the server one after the other as it is segmented.
929 929  
930 930  
1026 +(Since firmware v1.4.0)
1027 +
931 931  * (((
1029 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1030 +)))
1031 +
1032 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATAUP=1,Timeout**
1033 +
1034 +
1035 +* (((
932 932  (% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**
933 933  )))
934 934  
935 -(((
936 -**0xAD 00**  **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=0
1039 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xAD 01 00 00 14** (%%) **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1,20000  ~/~/  (00 00 14 is 20 seconds)
1040 +
1041 +Each uplink is sent to the server at 20-second intervals when segmented.
1042 +
1043 +
1044 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Cut data separation processing(Since Version 1.4.2)**(%%) ====
1045 +
1046 +
1047 +AT+NEWLINE command, which only takes effect when AT+DATAUP=1 or AT+DATAUP=1, timeout.
1048 +
1049 +When not set, each part of AT+DATAUP is sent according to the maximum number of bytes of DR.
1050 +
1051 +When setting, each part of AT+DATAUP is sent according to the value set by AT+NEWLINE.
1052 +
1053 +
1054 +* (((
1055 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
937 937  )))
938 938  
939 -(((
940 -**0xAD 01**  **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1
1058 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)//**AT+NEWLINE=ALL**//(%%)//   //The data cut out by each AT+COMMANDx command is sent separately as an uplink.
1059 +
1060 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)//**AT+NEWLINE=ALL**//(%%)//   equal:  (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+NEWLINE=1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15**//
1061 +
1062 +
1063 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)//**AT+NEWLINE=a+b+c**//(%%)//  //The data returned by all commands is divided into three parts, COMMAND(1~~a) is the first part, COMMAND(a+1~~b) is the second part,COMMAND(b+1~~c) is the third part.
1064 +
1065 +
1066 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)//**AT+NEWLINE=NULL**//(%%)//  //Turn off the functionality of this AT command.
1067 +
1068 +
1069 +* (((
1070 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**
941 941  )))
942 942  
1073 +//AT+NEWLINE=ALL  ~-~-->  (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0xAC 01**//
943 943  
1075 +// AT+NEWLINE= NULL  ~-~-->  (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0xAC 00**//
944 944  
1077 +//AT+NEWLINE= a+b+c   ~-~-->  (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0xAC number of bytes a b c**//
945 945  
1079 +//AT+NEWLINE= 1+5+15 ~-~-->  (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0xAC 03 01 05 0F**//
1080 +
1081 +
946 946  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Manually trigger an Uplink**(%%) ====
947 947  
1084 +
948 948  (((
949 949  Ask device to send an uplink immediately.
950 950  )))
... ... @@ -966,14 +966,14 @@
966 966  )))
967 967  
968 968  (((
969 -**0x08 FF**, RS485-LN will immediately send an uplink.
1106 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x08 FF**(%%), RS485-LN will immediately send an uplink.
970 970  )))
971 971  
972 972  
973 973  
974 -
975 975  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Clear RS485 Command**(%%) ====
976 976  
1113 +
977 977  (((
978 978  The AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx settings are stored in special location, user can use below command to clear them.
979 979  
... ... @@ -985,10 +985,12 @@
985 985  )))
986 986  
987 987  (((
988 -**AT+CMDEAR=mm,nn**   mm: start position of erase ,nn: stop position of erase
1125 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+CMDEAR=mm,nn** (%%) mm: start position of erase ,nn: stop position of erase
989 989  )))
990 990  
991 991  (((
1129 +
1130 +
992 992  Etc. AT+CMDEAR=1,10 means erase AT+COMMAND1/AT+DATACUT1 to AT+COMMAND10/AT+DATACUT10
993 993  )))
994 994  
... ... @@ -1012,29 +1012,27 @@
1012 1012  )))
1013 1013  
1014 1014  (((
1015 -**0x09 aa bb** same as AT+CMDEAR=aa,bb
1154 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x09 aa bb** (%%) same as AT+CMDEAR=aa,bb
1016 1016  )))
1017 1017  
1018 1018  
1019 1019  
1020 -
1021 1021  ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set Serial Communication Parameters**(%%) ====
1022 1022  
1161 +
1023 1023  (((
1024 1024  Set the Rs485 serial communication parameters:
1025 1025  )))
1026 1026  
1027 -* (((
1028 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1166 +(((
1167 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**
1029 1029  )))
1030 1030  
1031 1031  (((
1032 -
1033 -
1034 1034  * Set Baud Rate
1035 1035  )))
1036 1036  
1037 -**AT+BAUDR=9600**    ~/~/ Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200)
1174 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+BAUDR=9600** (%%) ~/~/  Options: (200~~115200)  When using low baud rate or receiving multiple bytes, you need to use AT+CMDDL to increase the receive timeout (the default receive timeout is 400ms), otherwise data will be lost
1038 1038  
1039 1039  
1040 1040  (((
... ... @@ -1041,7 +1041,7 @@
1041 1041  * Set UART Parity
1042 1042  )))
1043 1043  
1044 -**AT+PARITY=0**    ~/~/ Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
1181 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+PARITY=0** (%%) ~/~/  Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
1045 1045  
1046 1046  
1047 1047  (((
... ... @@ -1048,16 +1048,15 @@
1048 1048  * Set STOPBIT
1049 1049  )))
1050 1050  
1051 -**AT+STOPBIT=0**    ~/~/ Option: 0 for 1bit; 1 for 1.5 bit ; 2 for 2 bits
1188 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+STOPBIT=0** (%%) ~/~/  Option: 0 for 1bit; 1 for 1.5 bit ; 2 for 2 bits
1052 1052  
1053 1053  
1054 -
1055 -* (((
1056 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**
1191 +(((
1192 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**
1057 1057  )))
1058 1058  
1059 1059  (((
1060 -**A7 01 aa bb**:  Same  AT+BAUDR=hex(aa bb)*100
1196 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A7 01 aa bb**:   (%%) Same  AT+BAUDR=hex(aa bb)*100
1061 1061  )))
1062 1062  
1063 1063  (((
... ... @@ -1065,7 +1065,7 @@
1065 1065  )))
1066 1066  
1067 1067  * (((
1068 -A7 01 00 60   same as AT+BAUDR=9600
1204 +A7 01 00 60  same as AT+BAUDR=9600
1069 1069  )))
1070 1070  * (((
1071 1071  A7 01 04 80  same as AT+BAUDR=115200
... ... @@ -1072,69 +1072,219 @@
1072 1072  )))
1073 1073  
1074 1074  (((
1075 -A7 02 aa:  Same as  AT+PARITY=aa  (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)
1211 +* A7 02 aa:  Same as  AT+PARITY=aa  (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)
1076 1076  )))
1077 1077  
1078 1078  (((
1079 -A7 03 aa:  Same as  AT+STOPBIT=aa  (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)
1215 +* A7 03 aa:  Same as  AT+STOPBIT=aa  (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)
1080 1080  )))
1081 1081  
1082 1082  
1083 1083  
1084 1084  
1085 -== 3.6 Listening mode for RS485 network ==
1221 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Configure Databit (Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====
1086 1086  
1223 +
1224 +* (((
1225 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1226 +)))
1227 +
1228 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATABIT=7    **(%%)~/~/ Set the data bits to 7
1229 +
1230 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DATABIT=8    **(%%)~/~/ Set the data bits to 8
1231 +
1232 +* (((
1233 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**
1234 +)))
1235 +
1236 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A7 04 07**(%%): Same as  AT+DATABIT=7
1237 +
1238 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A7 04 08**(%%): Same as  AT+DATABIT=8
1239 +
1240 +
1241 +
1242 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Encrypted payload(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====
1243 +
1087 1087  (((
1088 -This feature support since firmware v1.4
1245 +
1089 1089  )))
1090 1090  
1248 +* (((
1249 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1250 +)))
1251 +
1252 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DECRYPT=1  ** (%%) ~/~/ The payload is uploaded without encryption
1253 +
1254 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DECRYPT=0  ** (%%) ~/~/ Encrypt when uploading payload (default)
1255 +
1256 +
1257 +
1258 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Get sensor value(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====
1259 +
1260 +
1261 +* (((
1262 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1263 +)))
1264 +
1265 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+GETSENSORVALUE=0  **(%%) ~/~/ The serial port gets the reading of the current sensor
1266 +
1267 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+GETSENSORVALUE=1  **(%%) ~/~/ The serial port gets the current sensor reading and uploads it.
1268 +
1269 +
1270 +
1271 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Resets the downlink packet count(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====
1272 +
1273 +
1274 +* (((
1275 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1276 +)))
1277 +
1278 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DISFCNTCHECK=0  **(%%) ~/~/  When the downlink packet count sent by the server is less than the node downlink packet count or exceeds 16384, the node will no longer receive downlink packets (default)
1279 +
1280 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DISFCNTCHECK=1  **(%%) ~/~/  When the downlink packet count sent by the server is less than the node downlink packet count or exceeds 16384, the node resets the downlink packet count and keeps it consistent with the server downlink packet count.
1281 +
1282 +
1283 +
1284 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**When the limit bytes are exceeded, upload in batches(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====
1285 +
1286 +
1287 +* (((
1288 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1289 +)))
1290 +
1291 + (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DISMACANS=0**  (%%) ~/~/  When the MACANS of the reply server plus the payload exceeds the maximum number of bytes of 11 bytes (DR0 of US915, DR2 of AS923, DR2 of AU195), the node will send a packet with a payload of 00 and a port of 4. (default)
1292 +
1293 + (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+DISMACANS=1**   (%%) ~/~/  When the MACANS of the reply server plus the payload exceeds the maximum number of bytes of the DR, the node will ignore the MACANS and not reply, and only upload the payload part.
1294 +
1295 +
1296 +* (((
1297 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**
1298 +)))
1299 +
1300 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0x21 00 01 ** (%%) ~/~/ Set  the DISMACANS=1
1301 +
1302 +
1303 +
1304 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Copy downlink to uplink (Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====
1305 +
1306 +
1307 +* (((
1308 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1309 +)))
1310 +
1311 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+RPL=5**  (%%) ~/~/ After receiving the package from the server, it will immediately upload the content of the package to the server, the port number is 100.
1312 +
1313 +Example:**aa xx xx xx xx**         ~/~/ aa indicates whether the configuration has changed, 00 is yes, 01 is no; xx xx xx xx are the bytes sent.
1314 +
1315 +
1316 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LSN50%20%26%20LSN50-V2%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Sensor%20Node%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220823173747-6.png?width=1124&height=165&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220823173747-6.png"]]
1317 +
1318 +For example, sending 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 will return invalid configuration 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77.
1319 +
1320 +
1321 +
1322 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LSN50%20%26%20LSN50-V2%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Sensor%20Node%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220823173833-7.png?width=1124&height=149&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220823173833-7.png"]]
1323 +
1324 +For example, if 01 00 02 58 is issued, a valid configuration of 01 01 00 02 58 will be returned.
1325 +
1326 +
1327 +
1328 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Query version number and frequency band 、TDC(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====
1329 +
1330 +
1091 1091  (((
1092 -RS485-LN supports listening mode, it can listen the RS485 network packets and send them via LoRaWAN uplink. Below is the structure. The blue arrow shows the RS485 network packets to RS485-LN.
1332 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**
1333 +
1334 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 26 01  ** (%%) ~/~/  Downlink 26 01 can query device upload frequency, frequency band, software version number, TDC time.
1093 1093  )))
1094 1094  
1095 -(% aria-label="image-20220602171200-8.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602171200-8.png||data-widget="image" height="567" width="1007"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
1096 1096  
1338 +Example:
1339 +
1340 +
1341 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LSN50%20%26%20LSN50-V2%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Sensor%20Node%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220823173929-8.png?width=1205&height=76&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220823173929-8.png"]]
1342 +
1343 +
1344 +
1345 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)** Monitor RS485 communication of other devices(Since Version 1.4.0)**(%%) ====
1346 +
1347 +
1348 +* (((
1349 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** AT Command:**
1350 +)))
1351 +
1352 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+RXMODE=1,10**    (%%) ~/~/ When the RS485-LN receives more than 10 bytes from the RS485, it immediately sends the uplink of the received data.
1353 +
1354 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+RXMODE=2,500    ** (%%) ~/~/  RS485-LN uploads data as uplink from the first byte received by RS485 to the data received within 500ms after that.
1355 +
1356 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+RXMODE=0,0  ** (%%) ~/~/  Disable this mode (default)
1357 +
1358 +
1359 +* (((
1360 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**
1361 +)))
1362 +
1363 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** A6 aa bb bb               ** (%%) ~/~/ same as AT+RXMODE=aa,bb
1364 +
1365 +[[image:image-20220824144240-1.png]]
1366 +
1367 +
1368 +== 3.6 Listening mode for RS485 network ==
1369 +
1370 +
1097 1097  (((
1098 -To enable the listening mode, use can run the command AT+RXMODE.
1372 +This feature support since firmware v1.4
1099 1099  )))
1100 1100  
1101 1101  (((
1376 +RS485-LN supports listening mode, it can listen the RS485 network packets and send them via LoRaWAN uplink. Below is the structure. The blue arrow shows the RS485 network packets to RS485-LN.
1377 +
1102 1102  
1103 1103  )))
1104 1104  
1105 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
1106 -|=(% style="width: 100px;" %)(((
1381 +(% aria-label="image-20220602171200-8.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602171200-8.png||data-widget="image" height="567" width="1007"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]
1382 +
1383 +(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
1384 +
1385 +(((
1386 +To enable the listening mode, use can run the command (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+RXMODE**.
1387 +)))
1388 +
1389 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
1390 +|=(% style="width: 156px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((
1107 1107  **Command example**
1108 -)))|=(% style="width: 400px;" %)(((
1392 +)))|=(% style="width: 355px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((
1109 1109  **Function**
1110 1110  )))
1111 -|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
1395 +|(% style="width:156px" %)(((
1112 1112  AT+RXMODE=1,10
1113 -)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
1397 +)))|(% style="width:352px" %)(((
1114 1114  Enable listening mode 1, if RS485-LN has received more than 10 RS485 commands from the network. RS485-LN will send these commands via LoRaWAN uplinks.
1115 1115  )))
1116 -|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
1400 +|(% style="width:156px" %)(((
1117 1117  AT+RXMODE=2,500
1118 -)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
1402 +)))|(% style="width:352px" %)(((
1119 1119  Enable listening mode 2, RS485-LN will capture and send a 500ms content once from the first detect of character. Max value is 65535 ms
1120 1120  )))
1121 -|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
1405 +|(% style="width:156px" %)(((
1122 1122  AT+RXMODE=0,0
1123 -)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
1407 +)))|(% style="width:352px" %)(((
1124 1124  Disable listening mode. This is the default settings.
1125 1125  )))
1126 -|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
1410 +|(% style="width:156px" %)(((
1127 1127  
1128 -)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
1412 +)))|(% style="width:352px" %)(((
1129 1129  A6 aa bb cc  same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)
1130 1130  )))
1131 1131  
1132 1132  (((
1133 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Command:**
1417 +
1418 +
1419 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**
1134 1134  )))
1135 1135  
1136 1136  (((
1137 -**0xA6 aa bb cc ** same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)
1423 +(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0xA6 aa bb cc **(%%) same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)
1138 1138  )))
1139 1139  
1140 1140  (((
... ... @@ -1154,15 +1154,17 @@
1154 1154  )))
1155 1155  
1156 1156  (((
1157 -The Modbus master send a command: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b
1443 +The Modbus master send a command: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)**01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b**
1158 1158  )))
1159 1159  
1160 1160  (((
1161 -And Modbus slave reply with: (% style="background-color:green" %)01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33
1447 +And Modbus slave reply with: (% style="background-color:green" %)**01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33**
1162 1162  )))
1163 1163  
1164 1164  (((
1165 -RS485-LN will capture both and send the uplink: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b  (% style="background-color:green" %)01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33
1451 +RS485-LN will capture both and send the uplink: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)**01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b  **(% style="background-color:green" %)**01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33**
1452 +
1453 +
1166 1166  )))
1167 1167  
1168 1168  (((
... ... @@ -1169,38 +1169,33 @@
1169 1169  (% aria-label="image-20220602171200-9.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602171200-9.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
1170 1170  )))
1171 1171  
1172 -(((
1173 -
1174 -)))
1175 1175  
1461 +
1176 1176  (((
1177 -(((
1178 -(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Listening mode can work with the default polling mode of RS485-LN. When RS485-LN is in to send the RS485 commands (from AT+COMMANDx), the listening mode will be interrupt for a while.
1463 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Listening mode can work with the default polling mode of RS485-LN. When RS485-LN is in to send the RS485 commands (from AT+COMMANDx), the listening mode will be interrupt for a while.**
1179 1179  )))
1180 -)))
1181 1181  
1182 1182  
1183 1183  == 3.7 Buttons ==
1184 1184  
1185 1185  
1186 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:430px" %)
1187 -|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**Button**|=(% style="width: 361px;" %)**Feature**
1188 -|(% style="width:50px" %)**ACT**|(% style="width:361px" %)If RS485 joined in network, press this button for more than 1 second, RS485 will upload a packet, and the SYS LED will give a (% style="color:blue" %)**Blue blink**
1189 -|(% style="width:50px" %)**RST**|(% style="width:361px" %)Reboot RS485
1190 -|(% style="width:50px" %)**PRO**|(% style="width:361px" %)Use for upload image, see [[How to Update Image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]
1470 +(% border="1.5" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:430px" %)
1471 +|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Button**|=(% style="width: 380px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Feature**
1472 +|(% style="width:50px" %)ACT|(% style="width:361px" %)If RS485 joined in network, press this button for more than 1 second, RS485 will upload a packet, and the SYS LED will give a (% style="color:blue" %)**Blue blink**
1473 +|(% style="width:50px" %)RST|(% style="width:361px" %)Reboot RS485
1474 +|(% style="width:50px" %)PRO|(% style="width:361px" %)Use for upload image, see [[How to Update Image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]
1191 1191  
1192 -
1193 1193  == 3.8 LEDs ==
1194 1194  
1195 1195  
1196 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:430px" %)
1197 -|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**LEDs**|=(% style="width: 380px;" %)**Feature**
1198 -|**PWR**|Always on if there is power
1199 -|**SYS**|After device is powered on, the SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**fast blink in GREEN**(%%) for 5 times, means RS485-LN start to join LoRaWAN network. If join success, SYS will be (% style="color:green" %)**on GREEN for 5 seconds** (%%)**. **SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**blink Blue**(%%) on every upload and (% style="color:green" %)**blink Green**(%%) once receive a downlink message.
1479 +(% border="1.5" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:430px" %)
1480 +|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**LEDs**|=(% style="width: 380px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Feature**
1481 +|PWR|Always on if there is power
1482 +|SYS|After device is powered on, the SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**fast blink in GREEN**(%%) for 5 times, means RS485-LN start to join LoRaWAN network. If join success, SYS will be (% style="color:green" %)**on GREEN for 5 seconds** (%%)**. **SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**blink Blue**(%%) on every upload and (% style="color:green" %)**blink Green**(%%) once receive a downlink message.
1200 1200  
1201 -
1202 1202  = 4. Case Study =
1203 1203  
1486 +
1204 1204  User can check this URL for some case studies: [[APP RS485 COMMUNICATE WITH SENSORS>>doc:Main.Application Note \: Communicate with Different Sensors ----- RS485-LN RS485-BL.WebHome]]
1205 1205  
1206 1206  
... ... @@ -1208,15 +1208,21 @@
1208 1208  
1209 1209  == 5.1 Access AT Command ==
1210 1210  
1494 +
1211 1211  (((
1212 1212  RS485-LN supports AT Command set. User can use a USB to TTL adapter plus the 3.5mm Program Cable to connect to RS485-LN to use AT command, as below.
1497 +
1498 +
1213 1213  )))
1214 1214  
1215 1215  (% aria-label="1654162355560-817.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162355560-817.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
1216 1216  
1217 1217  
1504 +
1218 1218  (((
1219 1219  In PC, User needs to set (% style="color:blue" %)**serial tool**(%%)(such as [[putty>>url:https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/latest.html]], SecureCRT) baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access to access serial console of RS485-LN. The default password is 123456. Below is the output for reference:
1507 +
1508 +
1220 1220  )))
1221 1221  
1222 1222  (% aria-label="1654162368066-342.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162368066-342.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
... ... @@ -1227,12 +1227,11 @@
1227 1227  )))
1228 1228  
1229 1229  
1230 -
1231 1231  == 5.2 Common AT Command Sequence ==
1232 1232  
1233 -
1234 1234  === 5.2.1 Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308) ===
1235 1235  
1523 +
1236 1236  If device has not joined network yet:
1237 1237  
1238 1238  * (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+FDR**
... ... @@ -1246,11 +1246,10 @@
1246 1246  
1247 1247  * (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+NJM=0**
1248 1248  * (% style="color:#037691" %)**ATZ**
1249 -
1250 -
1251 1251  )))
1252 1252  
1253 1253  
1540 +
1254 1254  === 5.5.2 Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02) ===
1255 1255  
1256 1256  
... ... @@ -1282,6 +1282,8 @@
1282 1282  2. Make sure the LG01/02 gateway RX frequency is exactly the same as AT+CHS setting.
1283 1283  3. Make sure SF / bandwidth setting in LG01/LG02 match the settings of AT+DR. refer [[this link>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/&file=LoRaWAN%201.0.3%20Regional%20Parameters.xlsx]] to see what DR means.
1284 1284  4. The command AT+RX2FQ and AT+RX2DR is to let downlink work. to set the correct parameters, user can check the actually downlink parameters to be used. As below. Which shows the RX2FQ should use 868400000 and RX2DR should be 5
1572 +
1573 +
1285 1285  )))
1286 1286  
1287 1287  (% aria-label="1654162478620-421.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162478620-421.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
... ... @@ -1291,6 +1291,7 @@
1291 1291  
1292 1292  == 6.1 How to upgrade the image? ==
1293 1293  
1583 +
1294 1294  (((
1295 1295  The RS485-LN LoRaWAN Controller is shipped with a 3.5mm cable, the cable is used to upload image to RS485-LN to:
1296 1296  )))
... ... @@ -1309,18 +1309,26 @@
1309 1309  Below shows the hardware connection for how to upload an image to RS485-LN:
1310 1310  )))
1311 1311  
1312 -(% aria-label="1654162535040-878.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162535040-878.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
1602 +(% aria-label="1654162535040-878.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654162535040-878.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]
1313 1313  
1604 +(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
1605 +
1314 1314  (((
1315 1315  (% style="color:blue" %)**Step1**(%%)**:** Download [[flash loader>>url:https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/flasher-stm32.html]].
1608 +
1609 +
1316 1316  )))
1317 1317  
1318 1318  (((
1319 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Step2**(%%)**:** Download the [[LT Image files>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LT_LoRa_IO_Controller/LT33222-L/image/]].
1613 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step2**(%%)**:** Download the [[LT Image files>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/g99v0fxcltn9r1y/AACP33wo_ZQLsxW2MJ70oUoba/RS485-LN/Firmware?dl=0&subfolder_nav_tracking=1]].
1614 +
1615 +
1320 1320  )))
1321 1321  
1322 1322  (((
1323 1323  (% style="color:blue" %)**Step3**(%%)**: **Open flashloader; choose the correct COM port to update.
1620 +
1621 +
1324 1324  )))
1325 1325  
1326 1326  (((
... ... @@ -1341,23 +1341,32 @@
1341 1341  (% aria-label="image-20220602175912-14.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602175912-14.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
1342 1342  
1343 1343  
1344 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice**: In case user has lost the program cable. User can hand made one from a 3.5mm cable. The pin mapping is:
1345 1345  
1643 +(% style="color:red" %)**Users can select the new burning software STM32Cubeprogramer for firmware upgrade and follow the same connection steps to enter burning mode (until SYS LED is RED ON):**
1644 +
1645 +[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H4.2.FirmwareupgradeusingSTM32Cubeprogramer>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H4.2.FirmwareupgradeusingSTM32Cubeprogramer]]
1646 +
1647 +
1648 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice**: **In case user has lost the program cable. User can hand made one from a 3.5mm cable. The pin mapping is:**
1649 +
1346 1346  (% aria-label="image-20220602175638-10.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220602175638-10.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)​
1347 1347  
1348 1348  
1349 1349  == 6.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
1350 1350  
1655 +
1351 1351  User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.
1352 1352  
1353 1353  
1354 1354  == 6.3 How many RS485-Slave can RS485-LN connects? ==
1355 1355  
1661 +
1356 1356  The RS485-LN can support max 32 RS485 devices. Each uplink command of RS485-LN can support max 16 different RS485 command. So RS485-LN can support max 16 RS485 devices pre-program in the device for uplink. For other devices no pre-program, user can use the [[downlink message (type code 0xA8) to poll their info>>||anchor="H3.3.3Configurereadcommandsforeachsampling"]].
1357 1357  
1358 1358  
1359 1359  == 6.4 Compatible question to ChirpStack and TTI LoRaWAN server ? ==
1360 1360  
1667 +
1361 1361  When user need to use with ChirpStack or TTI. Please set AT+RPL=4.
1362 1362  
1363 1363  Detail info check this link: [[Set Packet Receiving Response Level>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.23SetPacketReceivingResponseLevel"]]
... ... @@ -1365,28 +1365,159 @@
1365 1365  
1366 1366  == 6.5 Can i use point to point communication for RS485-LN? ==
1367 1367  
1368 -Yes, please refer [[Point to Point Communication for RS485-LN>>Point to Point Communication for RS485-LN]].
1369 1369  
1676 +Yes, please updating point-to-point [[firmware>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/g99v0fxcltn9r1y/AACP33wo_ZQLsxW2MJ70oUoba/RS485-LN/Firmware?dl=0&subfolder_nav_tracking=1]],then refer [[Point to Point Communication for RS485-LN>>Point to Point Communication for RS485-LN]].
1370 1370  
1678 +
1371 1371  == 6.6 How to Use RS485-LN  to connect to RS232 devices? ==
1372 1372  
1681 +
1373 1373  [[Use RS485-BL or RS485-LN to connect to RS232 devices. - DRAGINO>>url:http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/RS485%20to%20RS232/]]
1374 1374  
1375 1375  
1685 +== 6.7 How to judge whether there is a problem with the set COMMAND ==
1686 +
1687 +=== 6.7.1 Introduce: ===
1688 +
1689 +
1690 +Users can use below the structure to fast debug the communication between RS485BL and RS485-LN. The principle is to put the PC in the RS485 network and sniff the packet between Modbus MTU and RS485-BL/LN. We can use this way to:
1691 +
1692 +1. Test if Modbus-MTU works with PC commands.
1693 +1. Check if RS485-LN sent the expected command to Mobus-MTU
1694 +1. Check if Modbus-MTU return back the expected result to RS485-LN.
1695 +1. If both b) and c) has issue, we can compare PC’s output and RS485-LN output.
1696 +
1697 +[[image:image-20221130104310-1.png||height="380" width="680"]]
1698 +
1699 +
1700 +Example Connection:
1701 +
1702 +[[image:image-20221130104310-2.png]]
1703 +
1704 +
1705 +=== 6.7.2 Set up PC to monitor RS485 network With Serial tool ===
1706 +
1707 +
1708 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Receive and send set to hex mode**
1709 +
1710 +[[image:image-20221130104310-3.png||height="616" width="714"]]
1711 +
1712 +
1713 +=== 6.7.3 With ModRSsim2: ===
1714 +
1715 +
1716 +(% style="color:blue" %)**(1) Select serial port MODBUS RS-232**
1717 +
1718 +[[image:image-20221130104310-4.png||height="390" width="865"]]
1719 +
1720 +
1721 +(% style="color:blue" %)**(2) Click the serial port icon**
1722 +
1723 +[[image:image-20221130104310-5.png||height="392" width="870"]]
1724 +
1725 +
1726 +(% style="color:blue" %)**(3) After selecting the correct serial port and baud rate, click ok**
1727 +
1728 +[[image:image-20221130104310-6.png]]
1729 +
1730 +
1731 +(% style="color:blue" %)**(4) Click the comms.**
1732 +
1733 +[[image:image-20221130104310-7.png||height="376" width="835"]]
1734 +
1735 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HRunRS485-LN2FBLcommandandmonitorifitiscorrect." %)
1736 +**Run RS485-LN/BL command and monitor if it is correct.**
1737 +
1738 +
1739 +=== 6.7.4 Example – Test the CFGDEV command ===
1740 +
1741 +
1742 +RS485-LN sent below command:
1743 +
1744 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CFGDEV=01 03 00 20 00 01,1**(%%) to RS485 network, and PC is able to get this command and return commands from MTU to show in the serial tool.
1745 +
1746 +
1747 +We can see the output from the Serial port tool to analyze. And check if they are expected result.
1748 +
1749 +[[image:image-20221130104310-8.png||height="214" width="797"]]
1750 +
1751 +
1752 +We can also use (% style="color:blue" %)**ModRSsim2**(%%) to see the output.
1753 +
1754 +[[image:image-20221130104310-9.png||height="531" width="729"]]
1755 +
1756 +
1757 +=== 6.7.5 Example – Test CMD command sets. ===
1758 +
1759 +
1760 +Run (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SENSORVALUE=1**(%%) to test the CMD commands set in RS485-LN.
1761 +
1762 +
1763 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Serial port tool:**
1764 +
1765 +[[image:image-20221130104310-10.png||height="339" width="844"]]
1766 +
1767 +
1768 +(% style="color:blue" %)**ModRSsim2:**
1769 +
1770 +[[image:image-20221130104310-11.png||height="281" width="962"]]
1771 +
1772 +
1773 +=== 6.7.6 Test with PC ===
1774 +
1775 +
1776 +If there is still have problem to set up correctly the commands between RS485-LN and MTU. User can test the correct RS485 command set in PC and compare with the RS485 command sent out via RS485-LN. as long as both commands are the same, the MTU should return correct result.
1777 +
1778 +
1779 +Or User can send the working commands set in PC serial tool to Dragino Support to check what should be configured in RS485-LN.
1780 +
1781 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Connection method:**
1782 +
1783 +[[image:image-20221130104310-12.png]]
1784 +
1785 +
1786 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Link situation:**
1787 +
1788 +[[image:image-20221130104310-13.png||height="458" width="486"]]
1789 +
1790 +
1791 +[[image:image-20221130104310-14.png||height="371" width="823"]]
1792 +
1793 +
1794 +== 6.8 Where to get the decoder for RS485-LN? ==
1795 +
1796 +
1797 +The decoder for RS485-LN needs to be written by yourself. Because the sensor to which the user is connected is custom, the read device data bytes also need custom parsing, so there is no universal decoder. We can only provide [[templates>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/RS485-LN]] for decoders (no intermediate data parsing part involved)
1798 +
1799 +
1800 +== 6.9 How to configure RS485 commands more conveniently? ==
1801 +
1802 +
1803 +Dragino has developed an application for the RS485 series of products.
1804 +
1805 +It can help you configure RS485 sensors more conveniently
1806 +Please refer to the link below for specific usage:
1807 +
1808 +[[RS485 Configure Tool - DRAGINO>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/RS485_Configure_Tool/#HTableofContentsFF1A]]
1809 +
1810 +
1376 1376  = 7. Trouble Shooting =
1377 1377  
1378 1378  == 7.1 Downlink doesn't work, how to solve it? ==
1379 1379  
1815 +
1380 1380  Please see this link for debug: [[LoRaWAN Communication Debug>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome]]
1381 1381  
1382 1382  
1383 1383  == 7.2 Why I can't join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands? ==
1384 1384  
1821 +
1385 1385  It might about the channels mapping. Please see for detail: [[Notice of Frequency band>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome||anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]]
1386 1386  
1387 1387  
1388 1388  = 8. Order Info =
1389 1389  
1827 +
1390 1390  (% style="color:blue" %)**Part Number: RS485-LN-XXX**
1391 1391  
1392 1392  (% style="color:blue" %)**XXX:**
... ... @@ -1402,10 +1402,9 @@
1402 1402  * (% style="color:red" %)**RU864**(%%):  frequency bands RU864
1403 1403  * (% style="color:red" %)**KZ865**(%%):  frequency bands KZ865
1404 1404  
1843 += 9. Packing Info =
1405 1405  
1406 -= 9.Packing Info =
1407 1407  
1408 -
1409 1409  **Package Includes**:
1410 1410  
1411 1411  * RS485-LN x 1
... ... @@ -1419,9 +1419,9 @@
1419 1419  * Package Size / pcs : 14.5 x 8 x 5 cm
1420 1420  * Weight / pcs : 170g
1421 1421  
1422 -
1423 1423  = 10. FCC Caution for RS485LN-US915 =
1424 1424  
1861 +
1425 1425  (((
1426 1426  Any Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
1427 1427  )))
... ... @@ -1439,7 +1439,7 @@
1439 1439  )))
1440 1440  
1441 1441  (((
1442 -**Note: **This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
1879 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: **(%%)This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
1443 1443  )))
1444 1444  
1445 1445  (((
... ... @@ -1471,12 +1471,15 @@
1471 1471  )))
1472 1472  
1473 1473  
1474 -
1475 1475  = 11. Support =
1476 1476  
1913 +
1477 1477  * (((
1478 1478  Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1479 1479  )))
1480 1480  * (((
1481 1481  Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].
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1482 1482  )))
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