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Title
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
1 -RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
1 +RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter
Content
... ... @@ -3,20 +3,15 @@
3 3  
4 4  
5 5  
6 +**RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
6 6  
7 7  
8 -
9 -
10 10  **Table of Contents:**
11 11  
12 -{{toc/}}
13 13  
14 14  
15 15  
16 16  
17 -
18 -
19 -
20 20  = 1.Introduction =
21 21  
22 22  == 1.1 What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
... ... @@ -23,37 +23,23 @@
23 23  
24 24  (((
25 25  (((
26 -(((
27 -
28 -
29 29  The Dragino RS485-LN is a (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter**(%%). It converts the RS485 signal into LoRaWAN wireless signal which simplify the IoT installation and reduce the installation/maintaining cost.
30 30  )))
31 -)))
32 32  
33 33  (((
34 -(((
35 35  RS485-LN allows user to (% style="color:blue" %)**monitor / control RS485 devices**(%%) and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, smartphone detection, building automation, and so on.
36 36  )))
37 -)))
38 38  
39 39  (((
40 -(((
41 41  (% style="color:blue" %)**For data uplink**(%%), RS485-LN sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485 devices. RS485-LN will process these returns according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to LoRaWAN server.
42 42  )))
43 -)))
44 44  
45 45  (((
46 -(((
47 47  (% style="color:blue" %)**For data downlink**(%%), RS485-LN runs in LoRaWAN Class C. When there downlink commands from LoRaWAN server, RS485-LN will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.
48 -)))
49 49  
50 -(((
51 51  (% style="color:blue" %)**Demo Dashboard for RS485-LN**(%%) connect to two energy meters: [[https:~~/~~/app.datacake.de/dashboard/d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a>>url:https://app.datacake.de/dashboard/d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a]]
52 -
53 -
54 54  )))
55 55  )))
56 -)))
57 57  
58 58  [[image:1653267211009-519.png||height="419" width="724"]]
59 59  
... ... @@ -69,13 +69,11 @@
69 69  ** Idle: 32mA@12v
70 70  ** 20dB Transmit: 65mA@12v
71 71  
72 -
73 73  **Interface for Model:**
74 74  
75 75  * RS485
76 76  * Power Input 7~~ 24V DC. 
77 77  
78 -
79 79  **LoRa Spec:**
80 80  
81 81  * Frequency Range:
... ... @@ -95,10 +95,9 @@
95 95  * Preamble detection.
96 96  * 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.
97 97  * Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.
98 -* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC
77 +* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC.
99 99  
100 100  
101 -
102 102  == 1.3 Features ==
103 103  
104 104  * LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class C)
... ... @@ -111,7 +111,6 @@
111 111  * Support Interrupt uplink (Since hardware version v1.2)
112 112  
113 113  
114 -
115 115  == 1.4 Applications ==
116 116  
117 117  * Smart Buildings & Home Automation
... ... @@ -122,7 +122,6 @@
122 122  * Smart Factory
123 123  
124 124  
125 -
126 126  == 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
127 127  
128 128  [[RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/]]
... ... @@ -132,13 +132,9 @@
132 132  
133 133  (((
134 134  (((
135 -(((
136 136  v1.2: Add External Interrupt Pin.
137 -)))
138 138  
139 -(((
140 140  v1.0: Release
141 -)))
142 142  
143 143  
144 144  )))
... ... @@ -166,9 +166,7 @@
166 166  == 3.1 How it works? ==
167 167  
168 168  (((
169 -(((
170 170  The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
171 -)))
172 172  
173 173  
174 174  )))
... ... @@ -191,13 +191,12 @@
191 191  
192 192  [[image:1653268227651-549.png||height="592" width="720"]]
193 193  
194 -
195 195  (((
196 -The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>path:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
165 +The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>path:eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
197 197  )))
198 198  
199 199  (((
200 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-LN.
169 +**Step 1**: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-LN.
201 201  )))
202 202  
203 203  (((
... ... @@ -207,7 +207,6 @@
207 207  
208 208  [[image:1652953462722-299.png]]
209 209  
210 -
211 211  (((
212 212  (((
213 213  User can enter this key in their LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
... ... @@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
214 214  )))
215 215  
216 216  (((
217 -**Add APP EUI in the application.**
185 +Add APP EUI in the application.
218 218  )))
219 219  )))
220 220  
... ... @@ -230,15 +230,13 @@
230 230  
231 231  [[image:1652953542269-423.png||height="710" width="723"]]
232 232  
201 +Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
233 233  
234 -
235 -**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**
236 -
237 237  [[image:1652953553383-907.png||height="514" width="724"]]
238 238  
239 239  
240 240  (((
241 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on RS485-LN and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
207 +**Step 2**: Power on RS485-LN and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
242 242  )))
243 243  
244 244  [[image:1652953568895-172.png||height="232" width="724"]]
... ... @@ -248,15 +248,11 @@
248 248  
249 249  (((
250 250  (((
251 -(((
252 -There are plenty of RS485 devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands>>||anchor="H3.5ConfigureRS485-BLviaATorDownlink"]] or LoRaWAN Downlink Command to configure what commands RS485-LN should send for each sampling and how to handle the return from RS485 devices.
217 +There are plenty of RS485 devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands>>path:#AT_COMMAND]] or LoRaWAN Downlink Command to configure what commands RS485-LN should send for each sampling and how to handle the return from RS485 devices.
253 253  )))
254 -)))
255 255  
256 256  (((
257 -(((
258 258  (% style="color:red" %)Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please check the [[user manual v1.0>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/&file=RS485-LN_UserManual_v1.0.1.pdf]] or upgrade the firmware to v1.1
259 -)))
260 260  
261 261  
262 262  )))
... ... @@ -266,19 +266,19 @@
266 266  
267 267  To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. And user need to make sure RS485-LN use the match UART setting to access the sensors. The related commands for UART settings are:
268 268  
269 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)
270 -|=(% style="width: 110px;" %)(((
231 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:782px" %)
232 +|(% style="width:128px" %)(((
271 271  **AT Commands**
272 -)))|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)(((
234 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)(((
273 273  **Description**
274 -)))|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)(((
236 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)(((
275 275  **Example**
276 276  )))
277 -|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
239 +|(% style="width:128px" %)(((
278 278  AT+BAUDR
279 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
241 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)(((
280 280  Set the baud rate (for RS485 connection). Default Value is: 9600.
281 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
243 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)(((
282 282  (((
283 283  AT+BAUDR=9600
284 284  )))
... ... @@ -287,11 +287,11 @@
287 287  Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200)
288 288  )))
289 289  )))
290 -|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
252 +|(% style="width:128px" %)(((
291 291  AT+PARITY
292 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
254 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)(((
293 293  Set UART parity (for RS485 connection)
294 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
256 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)(((
295 295  (((
296 296  AT+PARITY=0
297 297  )))
... ... @@ -300,9 +300,9 @@
300 300  Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
301 301  )))
302 302  )))
303 -|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
265 +|(% style="width:128px" %)(((
304 304  AT+STOPBIT
305 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
267 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)(((
306 306  (((
307 307  Set serial stopbit (for RS485 connection)
308 308  )))
... ... @@ -310,7 +310,7 @@
310 310  (((
311 311  
312 312  )))
313 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
275 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)(((
314 314  (((
315 315  AT+STOPBIT=0 for 1bit
316 316  )))
... ... @@ -324,9 +324,6 @@
324 324  )))
325 325  )))
326 326  
327 -
328 -
329 -
330 330  === 3.3.2 Configure sensors ===
331 331  
332 332  (((
... ... @@ -335,21 +335,15 @@
335 335  )))
336 336  )))
337 337  
338 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)
339 -|=(% style="width: 110px;" %)**AT Commands**|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)**Description**|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)**Example**
340 -|AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
341 -(((
297 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:806px" %)
298 +|**AT Commands**|(% style="width:418px" %)**Description**|(% style="width:256px" %)**Example**
299 +|AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:418px" %)(((
342 342  This command is used to configure the RS485/TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
343 -)))
344 344  
345 -(((
346 346  AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,
347 -)))
348 348  
349 -(((
350 350  mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
351 -)))
352 -)))|(% style="width:190px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
305 +)))|(% style="width:256px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
353 353  
354 354  === 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
355 355  
... ... @@ -396,8 +396,8 @@
396 396  
397 397  **AT+DATACUTx : **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 45 bytes.
398 398  
399 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:510px" %)
400 -|(% style="width:510px" %)(((
352 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:725px" %)
353 +|(% style="width:722px" %)(((
401 401  **AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c**
402 402  
403 403  * **a: length for the return of AT+COMMAND**
... ... @@ -466,7 +466,6 @@
466 466  
467 467  (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA**
468 468  
469 -
470 470  1. PAYVER: Defined by AT+PAYVER
471 471  1. PAYLOAD COUNT: Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
472 472  1. PAYLOAD#: Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
... ... @@ -523,35 +523,33 @@
523 523  
524 524  == 3.4 Uplink Payload ==
525 525  
478 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:734px" %)
479 +|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:120px" %)**2**|(% style="width:116px" %)**1**|(% style="width:386px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands**
480 +|Value|(% style="width:120px" %)(((
481 +Battery(mV)
526 526  
527 -[[image:image-20220606110929-1.png]]
483 +&
528 528  
485 +Interrupt _Flag
486 +)))|(% style="width:116px" %)(((
487 +PAYLOAD_VER
488 +
489 +
490 +)))|(% style="width:386px" %)If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
491 +
529 529  Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.
530 530  
531 531  
532 532  == 3.5 Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink ==
533 533  
534 -(((
535 535  User can configure RS485-LN via AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
536 -)))
537 537  
538 -(((
539 539  There are two kinds of Commands:
540 -)))
541 541  
542 -* (((
543 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Common Commands**(%%): They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
544 -)))
501 +* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Common Commands**(%%): They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
545 545  
546 -* (((
547 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Sensor Related Commands**(%%): These commands are special designed for RS485-LN.  User can see these commands below:
548 -)))
503 +* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Sensor Related Commands**(%%): These commands are special designed for RS485-LN.  User can see these commands below:
549 549  
550 -(((
551 -
552 -)))
553 -
554 -
555 555  === 3.5.1 Common Commands ===
556 556  
557 557  They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
... ... @@ -566,941 +566,8 @@
566 566  The first byte of this package represents whether the configuration is successful, 00 represents failure, 01 represents success. Except for the first byte, the other is the previous downlink. (All commands except A8 type commands are applicable)
567 567  
568 568  
569 -=== 3.5.3 Sensor related commands ===
519 +3.5.3 Sensor related commands
570 570  
521 +==== ====
571 571  
572 -
573 -
574 -==== **RS485 Debug Command** ====
575 -
576 -(((
577 -This command is used to configure the RS485 devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
578 -)))
579 -
580 -* (((
581 -**AT Command**
582 -)))
583 -
584 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
585 -(((
586 -(((
587 -**AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**
588 -)))
589 -)))
590 -
591 -(((
592 -m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
593 -)))
594 -
595 -* (((
596 -**Downlink Payload**
597 -)))
598 -
599 -(((
600 -Format: A8 MM NN XX XX XX XX YY
601 -)))
602 -
603 -(((
604 -Where:
605 -)))
606 -
607 -* (((
608 -MM: 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS ; 0: no CRC
609 -)))
610 -* (((
611 -NN: The length of RS485 command
612 -)))
613 -* (((
614 -XX XX XX XX: RS485 command total NN bytes
615 -)))
616 -* (((
617 -(((
618 -YY: How many bytes will be uplink from the return of this RS485 command,
619 -)))
620 -
621 -* (((
622 -if YY=0, RS485-LN will execute the downlink command without uplink;
623 -)))
624 -* (((
625 -if YY>0, RS485-LN will uplink total YY bytes from the output of this RS485 command; Fport=200
626 -)))
627 -* (((
628 -if YY=FF, RS485-LN will uplink RS485 output with the downlink command content; Fport=200.
629 -)))
630 -)))
631 -
632 -(((
633 -**Example 1** ~-~-> Configure without ask for uplink (YY=0)
634 -)))
635 -
636 -(((
637 -To connect a Modbus Alarm with below commands.
638 -)))
639 -
640 -* (((
641 -The command to active alarm is: 0A 05 00 04 00 01 4C B0. Where 0A 05 00 04 00 01 is the Modbus command to read the register 00 40 where stored the DI status. The 4C B0 is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.
642 -)))
643 -
644 -* (((
645 -The command to deactivate alarm is: 0A 05 00 04 00 00 8D 70. Where 0A 05 00 04 00 00 is the Modbus command to read the register 00 40 where stored the DI status. The 8D 70 is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.
646 -)))
647 -
648 -(((
649 -So if user want to use downlink command to control to RS485 Alarm, he can use:
650 -)))
651 -
652 -(((
653 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**A8 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 01 00**(%%): to activate the RS485 Alarm
654 -)))
655 -
656 -(((
657 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**A8 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 00 00**(%%): to deactivate the RS485 Alarm
658 -)))
659 -
660 -(((
661 -A8 is type code and 01 means add CRC-16/MODBUS at the end, the 3^^rd^^ byte is 06, means the next 6 bytes are the command to be sent to the RS485 network, the final byte 00 means this command don’t need to acquire output.
662 -)))
663 -
664 -(((
665 -
666 -)))
667 -
668 -(((
669 -**Example 2** ~-~-> Configure with requesting uplink and original downlink command (**YY=FF**)
670 -)))
671 -
672 -(((
673 -User in IoT server send a downlink command: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**A8 01 06 0A 08 00 04 00 01 YY**
674 -)))
675 -
676 -(((
677 -
678 -)))
679 -
680 -(((
681 -RS485-LN got this downlink command and send (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**0A 08 00 04 00 01 **(%%)to Modbus network. One of the RS485 sensor in the network send back Modbus reply **0A 08 00 04 00 00**. RS485-LN get this reply and combine with the original downlink command and uplink. The uplink message is:
682 -)))
683 -
684 -(((
685 - **A8** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**0A 08 00 04 00  **(% style="color:red" %)**01 06** ** **(% style="color:green" %)**0A 08 00 04 00 00**
686 -)))
687 -
688 -(((
689 - [[image:1654159460680-153.png]]
690 -)))
691 -
692 -
693 -
694 -
695 -==== **Set Payload version** ====
696 -
697 -(((
698 -This is the first byte of the uplink payload. RS485-BL can connect to different sensors. User can set the PAYVER field to tell server how to decode the current payload.
699 -)))
700 -
701 -* (((
702 -**AT Command:**
703 -)))
704 -
705 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
706 -(((
707 -(((
708 -**AT+PAYVER: Set PAYVER field = 1**
709 -)))
710 -)))
711 -
712 -* (((
713 -**Downlink Payload:**
714 -)))
715 -
716 -(((
717 -**0xAE 01**  ~-~-> Set PAYVER field =  0x01
718 -)))
719 -
720 -(((
721 -**0xAE 0F**   ~-~-> Set PAYVER field =  0x0F
722 -)))
723 -
724 -
725 -
726 -
727 -==== **Set RS485 Sampling Commands** ====
728 -
729 -(((
730 -AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx
731 -)))
732 -
733 -(((
734 -These three commands are used to configure how the RS485-LN polling data from Modbus device. Detail of usage please see : [[polling RS485 device>>||anchor="H3.3.3Configurereadcommandsforeachsampling"]].
735 -)))
736 -
737 -(((
738 -
739 -)))
740 -
741 -* (((
742 -**AT Command:**
743 -)))
744 -
745 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
746 -(((
747 -(((
748 -**AT+COMMANDx: Configure RS485 read command to sensor.**
749 -)))
750 -)))
751 -
752 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
753 -(((
754 -(((
755 -**AT+DATACUTx: Configure how to handle return from RS485 devices.**
756 -)))
757 -)))
758 -
759 -(((
760 -
761 -)))
762 -
763 -* (((
764 -**Downlink Payload:**
765 -)))
766 -
767 -(((
768 -**0xAF** downlink command can be used to set AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx.
769 -)))
770 -
771 -(((
772 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note**(%%): if user use AT+COMMANDx to add a new command, he also need to send AT+DATACUTx downlink.
773 -)))
774 -
775 -(((
776 -Format: AF MM NN LL XX XX XX XX YY
777 -)))
778 -
779 -(((
780 -Where:
781 -)))
782 -
783 -* (((
784 -MM: the ATCOMMAND or AT+DATACUT to be set. Value from 01 ~~ 0F,
785 -)))
786 -* (((
787 -NN:  0: no CRC; 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS ; 2: set the AT+DATACUT value.
788 -)))
789 -* (((
790 -LL:  The length of AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command
791 -)))
792 -* (((
793 -XX XX XX XX: AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command
794 -)))
795 -* (((
796 -YY:  If YY=0, RS485-BL will execute the downlink command without uplink; if YY=1, RS485-LN will execute an uplink after got this command.
797 -)))
798 -
799 -(((
800 -**Example:**
801 -)))
802 -
803 -(((
804 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 01 00**(%%): Same as AT+COMMAND3=0A 05 00 04 00 01,1
805 -)))
806 -
807 -(((
808 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 02 06**(% style="color:orange" %)** 10 **(% style="color:red" %)**01 **(% style="color:green" %)**05 06 09 0A**(% style="color:#037691" %)** 00**(%%): Same as AT+DATACUT3=(% style="color:orange" %)**16**(%%),(% style="color:red" %)**1**(%%),(% style="color:green" %)**5+6+9+10**
809 -)))
810 -
811 -(((
812 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 02 06 **(% style="color:orange" %)**0B**(% style="color:red" %)** 02 **(% style="color:green" %)**05 07 08 0A **(% style="color:#037691" %)**00**(%%): Same as AT+DATACUT3=(% style="color:orange" %)**11**(%%),(% style="color:red" %)**2**(%%),(% style="color:green" %)**5~~7+8~~10**
813 -)))
814 -
815 -
816 -
817 -
818 -==== **Fast command to handle MODBUS device** ====
819 -
820 -(((
821 -AT+MBFUN is valid since v1.3 firmware version. The command is for fast configure to read Modbus devices. It is only valid for the devices which follow the [[MODBUS-RTU protocol>>url:https://www.modbustools.com/modbus.html]].
822 -)))
823 -
824 -(((
825 -This command is valid since v1.3 firmware version
826 -)))
827 -
828 -(((
829 -AT+MBFUN can auto read the Modbus function code: 01, 02, 03 or 04. AT+MBFUN has lower priority vs AT+DATACUT command. If AT+DATACUT command is configured, AT+MBFUN will be ignore.
830 -)))
831 -
832 -(((
833 -
834 -)))
835 -
836 -(((
837 -**Example:**
838 -)))
839 -
840 -* (((
841 -AT+MBFUN=1 and AT+DATACUT1/AT+DATACUT2 are not configure (0,0,0). So RS485-LN.
842 -)))
843 -* (((
844 -AT+COMMAND1= 01 03 00 10 00 08,1 ~-~-> read slave address 01 , function code 03, start address 00 01, quantity of registers 00 08.
845 -)))
846 -* (((
847 -AT+COMMAND2= 01 02 00 40 00 10,1 ~-~-> read slave address 01 , function code 02, start address 00 40, quantity of inputs 00 10.
848 -)))
849 -
850 -[[image:image-20220602165351-6.png]]
851 -
852 -[[image:image-20220602165351-7.png]]
853 -
854 -
855 -
856 -
857 -==== **RS485 command timeout** ====
858 -
859 -(((
860 -Some Modbus device has slow action to send replies. This command is used to configure the RS485-LN to use longer time to wait for their action.
861 -)))
862 -
863 -(((
864 -Default value: 0, range:  0 ~~ 65 seconds
865 -)))
866 -
867 -* (((
868 -**AT Command:**
869 -)))
870 -
871 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
872 -(((
873 -(((
874 -**AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)*1000**
875 -)))
876 -)))
877 -
878 -(((
879 -**Example:**
880 -)))
881 -
882 -(((
883 -**AT+CMDDL1=1000** to send the open time to 1000ms
884 -)))
885 -
886 -(((
887 -
888 -)))
889 -
890 -* (((
891 -**Downlink Payload:**
892 -)))
893 -
894 -(((
895 -**0x AA aa bb cc**
896 -)))
897 -
898 -(((
899 -Same as: AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)*1000
900 -)))
901 -
902 -(((
903 - **Example:**
904 -)))
905 -
906 -(((
907 - 0xAA 01 00 01  ~-~-> Same as **AT+CMDDL1=1000 ms**
908 -)))
909 -
910 -
911 -
912 -
913 -==== **Uplink payload mode** ====
914 -
915 -(((
916 -Define to use one uplink or multiple uplinks for the sampling.
917 -)))
918 -
919 -(((
920 -The use of this command please see: [[Compose Uplink payload>>||anchor="H3.3.4Composetheuplinkpayload"]]
921 -)))
922 -
923 -* (((
924 -**AT Command:**
925 -)))
926 -
927 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
928 -(((
929 -(((
930 -**AT+DATAUP=0**
931 -)))
932 -)))
933 -
934 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
935 -(((
936 -(((
937 -**AT+DATAUP=1**
938 -)))
939 -)))
940 -
941 -(((
942 -
943 -)))
944 -
945 -* (((
946 -**Downlink Payload:**
947 -)))
948 -
949 -(((
950 -**0xAD 00**  **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=0
951 -)))
952 -
953 -(((
954 -**0xAD 01**  **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1
955 -)))
956 -
957 -
958 -
959 -
960 -==== **Manually trigger an Uplink** ====
961 -
962 -(((
963 -Ask device to send an uplink immediately.
964 -)))
965 -
966 -* (((
967 -**AT Command:**
968 -)))
969 -
970 -(((
971 -No AT Command for this, user can press the [[ACT button>>||anchor="H3.7Buttons"]] for 1 second for the same.
972 -)))
973 -
974 -(((
975 -
976 -)))
977 -
978 -* (((
979 -**Downlink Payload:**
980 -)))
981 -
982 -(((
983 -**0x08 FF**, RS485-LN will immediately send an uplink.
984 -)))
985 -
986 -
987 -
988 -
989 -==== **Clear RS485 Command** ====
990 -
991 -(((
992 -The AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx settings are stored in special location, user can use below command to clear them.
993 -)))
994 -
995 -* (((
996 -**AT Command:**
997 -)))
998 -
999 -(((
1000 -**AT+CMDEAR=mm,nn**   mm: start position of erase ,nn: stop position of erase
1001 -)))
1002 -
1003 -(((
1004 -Etc. AT+CMDEAR=1,10 means erase AT+COMMAND1/AT+DATACUT1 to AT+COMMAND10/AT+DATACUT10
1005 -)))
1006 -
1007 -(((
1008 -Example screen shot after clear all RS485 commands. 
1009 -)))
1010 -
1011 -(((
1012 -
1013 -)))
1014 -
1015 -(((
1016 -The uplink screen shot is:
1017 -)))
1018 -
1019 -[[image:1654160691922-496.png]]
1020 -
1021 -
1022 -* (((
1023 -**Downlink Payload:**
1024 -)))
1025 -
1026 -(((
1027 -**0x09 aa bb** same as AT+CMDEAR=aa,bb
1028 -)))
1029 -
1030 -
1031 -
1032 -
1033 -==== **Set Serial Communication Parameters** ====
1034 -
1035 -(((
1036 -Set the Rs485 serial communication parameters:
1037 -)))
1038 -
1039 -* (((
1040 -**AT Command:**
1041 -)))
1042 -
1043 -(((
1044 -Set Baud Rate:
1045 -)))
1046 -
1047 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
1048 -(((
1049 -(((
1050 -**AT+BAUDR=9600**    ~/~/ Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200)
1051 -)))
1052 -)))
1053 -
1054 -(((
1055 -Set UART Parity
1056 -)))
1057 -
1058 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
1059 -(((
1060 -(((
1061 -**AT+PARITY=0**    ~/~/ Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
1062 -)))
1063 -)))
1064 -
1065 -(((
1066 -Set STOPBIT
1067 -)))
1068 -
1069 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
1070 -(((
1071 -(((
1072 -**AT+STOPBIT=0**    ~/~/ Option: 0 for 1bit; 1 for 1.5 bit ; 2 for 2 bits
1073 -)))
1074 -)))
1075 -
1076 -(((
1077 -
1078 -)))
1079 -
1080 -* (((
1081 -**Downlink Payload:**
1082 -)))
1083 -
1084 -(((
1085 -**A7 01 aa bb**: Same  AT+BAUDR=hex(aa bb)*100
1086 -)))
1087 -
1088 -(((
1089 -**Example:**
1090 -)))
1091 -
1092 -* (((
1093 -A7 01 00 60   same as AT+BAUDR=9600
1094 -)))
1095 -* (((
1096 -A7 01 04 80  same as AT+BAUDR=115200
1097 -)))
1098 -
1099 -(((
1100 -A7 02 aa: Same as  AT+PARITY=aa  (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)
1101 -)))
1102 -
1103 -(((
1104 -A7 03 aa: Same as  AT+STOPBIT=aa  (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)
1105 -)))
1106 -
1107 -
1108 -
1109 -
1110 -== 3.6 Listening mode for RS485 network ==
1111 -
1112 -(((
1113 -This feature support since firmware v1.4
1114 -)))
1115 -
1116 -(((
1117 -RS485-LN supports listening mode, it can listen the RS485 network packets and send them via LoRaWAN uplink. Below is the structure. The blue arrow shows the RS485 network packets to RS485-LN.
1118 -)))
1119 -
1120 -[[image:image-20220602171200-8.png||height="567" width="1007"]]
1121 -
1122 -(((
1123 -To enable the listening mode, use can run the command AT+RXMODE.
1124 -)))
1125 -
1126 -(((
1127 -
1128 -)))
1129 -
1130 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
1131 -|=(% style="width: 100px;" %)(((
1132 -**Command example**
1133 -)))|=(% style="width: 400px;" %)(((
1134 -**Function**
1135 -)))
1136 -|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
1137 -AT+RXMODE=1,10
1138 -)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
1139 -Enable listening mode 1, if RS485-LN has received more than 10 RS485 commands from the network. RS485-LN will send these commands via LoRaWAN uplinks.
1140 -)))
1141 -|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
1142 -AT+RXMODE=2,500
1143 -)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
1144 -Enable listening mode 2, RS485-LN will capture and send a 500ms content once from the first detect of character. Max value is 65535 ms
1145 -)))
1146 -|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
1147 -AT+RXMODE=0,0
1148 -)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
1149 -Disable listening mode. This is the default settings.
1150 -)))
1151 -|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
1152 -
1153 -)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
1154 -A6 aa bb cc  same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)
1155 -)))
1156 -
1157 -(((
1158 -**Downlink Command:**
1159 -)))
1160 -
1161 -(((
1162 -**0xA6 aa bb cc ** same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)
1163 -)))
1164 -
1165 -(((
1166 -
1167 -)))
1168 -
1169 -(((
1170 -**Example**:
1171 -)))
1172 -
1173 -(((
1174 -The RS485-LN is set to AT+RXMODE=2,1000
1175 -)))
1176 -
1177 -(((
1178 -There is a two Modbus commands in the RS485 network as below:
1179 -)))
1180 -
1181 -(((
1182 -The Modbus master send a command: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b
1183 -)))
1184 -
1185 -(((
1186 -And Modbus slave reply with: (% style="background-color:green" %)01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33
1187 -)))
1188 -
1189 -(((
1190 -RS485-LN will capture both and send the uplink: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b  (% style="background-color:green" %)01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33
1191 -)))
1192 -
1193 -(((
1194 -[[image:image-20220602171200-9.png]]
1195 -)))
1196 -
1197 -(((
1198 -
1199 -)))
1200 -
1201 -(((
1202 -(((
1203 -(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Listening mode can work with the default polling mode of RS485-LN. When RS485-LN is in to send the RS485 commands (from AT+COMMANDx), the listening mode will be interrupt for a while.
1204 -)))
1205 -)))
1206 -
1207 -
1208 -== 3.7 Buttons ==
1209 -
1210 -
1211 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:430px" %)
1212 -|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**Button**|=(% style="width: 361px;" %)**Feature**
1213 -|(% style="width:50px" %)**ACT**|(% style="width:361px" %)If RS485 joined in network, press this button for more than 1 second, RS485 will upload a packet, and the SYS LED will give a (% style="color:blue" %)**Blue blink**
1214 -|(% style="width:50px" %)**RST**|(% style="width:361px" %)Reboot RS485
1215 -|(% style="width:50px" %)**PRO**|(% style="width:361px" %)Use for upload image, see [[How to Update Image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]
1216 -
1217 -== 3.8 LEDs ==
1218 -
1219 -
1220 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:430px" %)
1221 -|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**LEDs**|=(% style="width: 380px;" %)**Feature**
1222 -|**PWR**|Always on if there is power
1223 -|**SYS**|After device is powered on, the SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**fast blink in GREEN**(%%) for 5 times, means RS485-LN start to join LoRaWAN network. If join success, SYS will be (% style="color:green" %)**on GREEN for 5 seconds** (%%)**. **SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**blink Blue**(%%) on every upload and (% style="color:green" %)**blink Green**(%%) once receive a downlink message.
1224 -
1225 -= 4. Case Study =
1226 -
1227 -User can check this URL for some case studies: [[APP RS485 COMMUNICATE WITH SENSORS>>doc:Main.Application Note \: Communicate with Different Sensors ----- RS485-LN RS485-BL.WebHome]]
1228 -
1229 -
1230 -= 5. Use AT Command =
1231 -
1232 -== 5.1 Access AT Command ==
1233 -
1234 -(((
1235 -RS485-BL supports AT Command set. User can use a USB to TTL adapter plus the 3.5mm Program Cable to connect to RS485-BL to use AT command, as below.
1236 -)))
1237 -
1238 -[[image:1654162355560-817.png]]
1239 -
1240 -
1241 -(((
1242 -In PC, User needs to set (% style="color:blue" %)**serial tool**(%%)(such as [[putty>>url:https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/latest.html]], SecureCRT) baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access to access serial console of RS485-BL. The default password is 123456. Below is the output for reference:
1243 -)))
1244 -
1245 -[[image:1654162368066-342.png]]
1246 -
1247 -
1248 -(((
1249 -More detail AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LT_LoRa_IO_Controller/LT33222-L/]]
1250 -)))
1251 -
1252 -
1253 -
1254 -== 5.2 Common AT Command Sequence ==
1255 -
1256 -=== 5.2.1 Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308) ===
1257 -
1258 -If device has not joined network yet:
1259 -
1260 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
1261 -(((
1262 -**AT+FDR**
1263 -)))
1264 -
1265 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
1266 -(((
1267 -**AT+NJM=0**
1268 -)))
1269 -
1270 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
1271 -(((
1272 -**ATZ**
1273 -)))
1274 -
1275 -
1276 -(((
1277 -If device already joined network:
1278 -)))
1279 -
1280 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
1281 -(((
1282 -**AT+NJM=0**
1283 -)))
1284 -
1285 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
1286 -(((
1287 -**ATZ**
1288 -)))
1289 -
1290 -
1291 -=== 5.5.2 Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02) ===
1292 -
1293 -
1294 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR** (%%) Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve
1295 -
1296 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM=0 **(%%)Set to ABP mode
1297 -
1298 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ADR=0** (%%)Set the Adaptive Data Rate Off
1299 -
1300 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DR=5**   (%%)Set Data Rate
1301 -
1302 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TDC=60000** (%%) Set transmit interval to 60 seconds
1303 -
1304 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHS=868400000**(%%) Set transmit frequency to 868.4Mhz
1305 -
1306 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2FQ=868400000** (%%) Set RX2Frequency to 868.4Mhz (according to the result from server)
1307 -
1308 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DR=5**  (%%) Set RX2DR to match the downlink DR from server. see below
1309 -
1310 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DADDR=26** (%%) 01 1A F1 Set Device Address to 26 01 1A F1, this ID can be found in the LoRa Server portal.
1311 -
1312 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**       (%%) Reset MCU
1313 -
1314 -
1315 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
1316 -
1317 -(((
1318 -(% style="color:red" %)1. Make sure the device is set to ABP mode in the IoT Server.
1319 -2. Make sure the LG01/02 gateway RX frequency is exactly the same as AT+CHS setting.
1320 -3. Make sure SF / bandwidth setting in LG01/LG02 match the settings of AT+DR. refer [[this link>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/&file=LoRaWAN%201.0.3%20Regional%20Parameters.xlsx]] to see what DR means.
1321 -4. The command AT+RX2FQ and AT+RX2DR is to let downlink work. to set the correct parameters, user can check the actually downlink parameters to be used. As below. Which shows the RX2FQ should use 868400000 and RX2DR should be 5
1322 -)))
1323 -
1324 -[[image:1654162478620-421.png]]
1325 -
1326 -
1327 -= 6. FAQ =
1328 -
1329 -== 6.1 How to upgrade the image? ==
1330 -
1331 -(((
1332 -The RS485-LN LoRaWAN Controller is shipped with a 3.5mm cable, the cable is used to upload image to RS485-LN to:
1333 -)))
1334 -
1335 -* (((
1336 -Support new features
1337 -)))
1338 -* (((
1339 -For bug fix
1340 -)))
1341 -* (((
1342 -Change LoRaWAN bands.
1343 -)))
1344 -
1345 -(((
1346 -Below shows the hardware connection for how to upload an image to RS485-LN:
1347 -)))
1348 -
1349 -[[image:1654162535040-878.png]]
1350 -
1351 -(((
1352 -**Step1:** Download [[flash loader>>url:https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/flasher-stm32.html]].
1353 -)))
1354 -
1355 -(((
1356 -**Step2**: Download the [[LT Image files>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LT_LoRa_IO_Controller/LT33222-L/image/]].
1357 -)))
1358 -
1359 -(((
1360 -**Step3: **Open flashloader; choose the correct COM port to update.
1361 -)))
1362 -
1363 -(((
1364 -(((
1365 -(((
1366 -(% style="color:blue" %) Hold down the PRO button and then momentarily press the RST reset button and the SYS led will change from OFF to ON, While SYS LED is RED ON, it means the RS485-LN is ready to be program.
1367 -)))
1368 -)))
1369 -)))
1370 -
1371 -
1372 -[[image:image-20220602175818-12.png]]
1373 -
1374 -
1375 -[[image:image-20220602175848-13.png]]
1376 -
1377 -
1378 -[[image:image-20220602175912-14.png]]
1379 -
1380 -
1381 -**Notice**: In case user has lost the program cable. User can hand made one from a 3.5mm cable. The pin mapping is:
1382 -
1383 -[[image:image-20220602175638-10.png]]
1384 -
1385 -
1386 -== 6.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
1387 -
1388 -User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.
1389 -
1390 -
1391 -== 6.3 How many RS485-Slave can RS485-BL connects? ==
1392 -
1393 -The RS485-BL can support max 32 RS485 devices. Each uplink command of RS485-BL can support max 16 different RS485 command. So RS485-BL can support max 16 RS485 devices pre-program in the device for uplink. For other devices no pre-program, user can use the [[downlink message (type code 0xA8) to poll their info>>||anchor="H3.3.3Configurereadcommandsforeachsampling"]].
1394 -
1395 -
1396 -== 6.4 Compatible question to ChirpStack and TTI LoRaWAN server ? ==
1397 -
1398 -When user need to use with ChirpStack or TTI. Please set AT+RPL=4.
1399 -
1400 -Detail info check this link: [[Set Packet Receiving Response Level>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.23SetPacketReceivingResponseLevel"]]
1401 -
1402 -
1403 -= 7. Trouble Shooting =
1404 -
1405 -== 7.1 Downlink doesn’t work, how to solve it? ==
1406 -
1407 -Please see this link for debug: [[LoRaWAN Communication Debug>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome]]
1408 -
1409 -
1410 -== 7.2 Why I can’t join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands? ==
1411 -
1412 -It might about the channels mapping. Please see for detail: [[Notice of Frequency band>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome||anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]]
1413 -
1414 -
1415 -= 8. Order Info =
1416 -
1417 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Part Number: RS485-LN-XXX**
1418 -
1419 -(% style="color:blue" %)**XXX:**
1420 -
1421 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**EU433**(%%): frequency bands EU433
1422 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**EU868**(%%): frequency bands EU868
1423 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**KR920**(%%): frequency bands KR920
1424 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**CN470**(%%): frequency bands CN470
1425 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**AS923**(%%): frequency bands AS923
1426 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**AU915**(%%): frequency bands AU915
1427 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**US915**(%%): frequency bands US915
1428 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**IN865**(%%): frequency bands IN865
1429 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**RU864**(%%): frequency bands RU864
1430 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**KZ865**(%%): frequency bands KZ865
1431 -
1432 -= 9.Packing Info =
1433 -
1434 -
1435 -**Package Includes**:
1436 -
1437 -* RS485-LN x 1
1438 -* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part x 1
1439 -* Program cable x 1
1440 -
1441 -**Dimension and weight**:
1442 -
1443 -* Device Size: 13.5 x 7 x 3 cm
1444 -* Device Weight: 105g
1445 -* Package Size / pcs : 14.5 x 8 x 5 cm
1446 -* Weight / pcs : 170g
1447 -
1448 -= 10. FCC Caution for RS485LN-US915 =
1449 -
1450 -(((
1451 -Any Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
1452 -)))
1453 -
1454 -(((
1455 -This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
1456 -)))
1457 -
1458 -(((
1459 -
1460 -)))
1461 -
1462 -(((
1463 -**IMPORTANT NOTE:**
1464 -)))
1465 -
1466 -(((
1467 -**Note: **This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
1468 -)))
1469 -
1470 -(((
1471 -—Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
1472 -)))
1473 -
1474 -(((
1475 -—Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
1476 -)))
1477 -
1478 -(((
1479 -—Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
1480 -)))
1481 -
1482 -(((
1483 -—Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
1484 -)))
1485 -
1486 -(((
1487 -
1488 -)))
1489 -
1490 -(((
1491 -**FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:**
1492 -)))
1493 -
1494 -(((
1495 -This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator& your body.
1496 -)))
1497 -
1498 -
1499 -= 11. Support =
1500 -
1501 -* (((
1502 -Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1503 -)))
1504 -* (((
1505 -Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].
1506 -)))
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