Changes for page RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Last modified by Karry Zhuang on 2025/03/06 16:34
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... ... @@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ 100 100 101 101 [[RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/]] 102 102 103 + 103 103 == 1.6 Hardware Change log == 104 104 105 105 ((( ... ... @@ -107,6 +107,8 @@ 107 107 v1.2: Add External Interrupt Pin. 108 108 109 109 v1.0: Release 111 + 112 + 110 110 ))) 111 111 ))) 112 112 ... ... @@ -123,6 +123,8 @@ 123 123 ))) 124 124 125 125 [[image:1653268091319-405.png]] 129 + 130 + 126 126 ))) 127 127 128 128 = 3. Operation Mode = ... ... @@ -131,6 +131,8 @@ 131 131 132 132 ((( 133 133 The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA. 139 + 140 + 134 134 ))) 135 135 136 136 == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network == ... ... @@ -139,10 +139,15 @@ 139 139 140 140 [[image:1653268155545-638.png||height="334" width="724"]] 141 141 149 + 142 142 ((( 151 +((( 143 143 The RS485-LN in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other RS485 devices via the same method. The connection is as below: 153 +))) 144 144 155 +((( 145 145 485A+ and 485B- of the sensor are connected to RS485A and RA485B of RS485-LN respectively. 157 +))) 146 146 147 147 [[image:1653268227651-549.png||height="592" width="720"]] 148 148 ... ... @@ -194,6 +194,7 @@ 194 194 195 195 [[image:1652953568895-172.png||height="232" width="724"]] 196 196 209 + 197 197 == 3.3 Configure Commands to read data == 198 198 199 199 ((( ... ... @@ -203,6 +203,8 @@ 203 203 204 204 ((( 205 205 (% style="color:red" %)Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please check the [[user manual v1.0>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/&file=RS485-LN_UserManual_v1.0.1.pdf]] or upgrade the firmware to v1.1 219 + 220 + 206 206 ))) 207 207 ))) 208 208 ... ... @@ -210,19 +210,19 @@ 210 210 211 211 To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. And user need to make sure RS485-LN use the match UART setting to access the sensors. The related commands for UART settings are: 212 212 213 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:7 95px" %)214 -|((( 228 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:782px" %) 229 +|(% style="width:128px" %)((( 215 215 **AT Commands** 216 -)))|(% style="width: 285px" %)(((231 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)((( 217 217 **Description** 218 -)))|(% style="width:34 7px" %)(((233 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)((( 219 219 **Example** 220 220 ))) 221 -|((( 236 +|(% style="width:128px" %)((( 222 222 AT+BAUDR 223 -)))|(% style="width: 285px" %)(((238 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)((( 224 224 Set the baud rate (for RS485 connection). Default Value is: 9600. 225 -)))|(% style="width:34 7px" %)(((240 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)((( 226 226 ((( 227 227 AT+BAUDR=9600 228 228 ))) ... ... @@ -231,11 +231,11 @@ 231 231 Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200) 232 232 ))) 233 233 ))) 234 -|((( 249 +|(% style="width:128px" %)((( 235 235 AT+PARITY 236 -)))|(% style="width: 285px" %)(((251 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)((( 237 237 Set UART parity (for RS485 connection) 238 -)))|(% style="width:34 7px" %)(((253 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)((( 239 239 ((( 240 240 AT+PARITY=0 241 241 ))) ... ... @@ -244,9 +244,9 @@ 244 244 Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity 245 245 ))) 246 246 ))) 247 -|((( 262 +|(% style="width:128px" %)((( 248 248 AT+STOPBIT 249 -)))|(% style="width: 285px" %)(((264 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)((( 250 250 ((( 251 251 Set serial stopbit (for RS485 connection) 252 252 ))) ... ... @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ 254 254 ((( 255 255 256 256 ))) 257 -)))|(% style="width:34 7px" %)(((272 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)((( 258 258 ((( 259 259 AT+STOPBIT=0 for 1bit 260 260 ))) ... ... @@ -289,77 +289,34 @@ 289 289 === 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling === 290 290 291 291 ((( 292 -RS485-BL is a battery powered device; it will sleep most of time. And wake up on each period and read RS485 / TTL sensor data and uplink. 293 -))) 307 +During each sampling, we need confirm what commands we need to send to the RS485 sensors to read data. After the RS485 sensors send back the value, it normally include some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload. 294 294 295 -((( 296 -During each sampling, we need to confirm what commands we need to send to the sensors to read data. After the RS485/TTL sensors send back the value, it normally includes some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload. 297 -))) 298 - 299 -((( 300 300 To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their valid value into a short payload. 301 -))) 302 302 303 -((( 304 304 This section describes how to achieve above goals. 305 -))) 306 306 307 -((( 308 -During each sampling, the RS485-BL can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads. 309 -))) 313 +During each sampling, the RS485-LN can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads. 310 310 311 -((( 312 -**Command from RS485-BL to Sensor:** 313 -))) 314 314 315 -((( 316 -RS485-BL can send out pre-set max 15 strings via **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF** . All commands are of same grammar. 317 -))) 316 +**Each RS485 commands include two parts:** 318 318 319 -((( 320 -**Handle return from sensors to RS485-BL**: 321 -))) 318 +~1. What commands RS485-LN will send to the RS485 sensors. There are total 15 commands from **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF**. All commands are of same grammar. 322 322 323 -((( 324 -After RS485-BL send out a string to sensor, RS485-BL will wait for the return from RS485 or TTL sensor. And user can specify how to handle the return, by **AT+DATACUT or AT+SEARCH commands** 325 -))) 320 +2. How to get wanted value the from RS485 sensors returns from by 1). There are total 15 AT Commands to handle the return, commands are **AT+DATACUT1**,**AT+DATACUT2**,…, **AT+DATACUTF** corresponding to the commands from 1). All commands are of same grammar. 326 326 327 -* ((( 328 -**AT+DATACUT** 329 -))) 322 +3. Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example **AT+CMDDL1=1000** to send the open time to 1000ms 330 330 331 -((( 332 -When the return value from sensor have fix length and we know which position the valid value we should get, we can use AT+DATACUT command. 333 -))) 334 334 335 -* ((( 336 -**AT+SEARCH** 337 -))) 338 - 339 -((( 340 -When the return value from sensor is dynamic length and we are not sure which bytes the valid data is, instead, we know what value the valid value following. We can use AT+SEARCH to search the valid value in the return string. 341 -))) 342 - 343 -((( 344 -**Define wait timeout:** 345 -))) 346 - 347 -((( 348 -Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example, AT+CMDDL1=1000 to send the open time to 1000ms 349 -))) 350 - 351 -((( 352 352 After we got the valid value from each RS485 commands, we need to combine them together with the command **AT+DATAUP**. 353 -))) 354 354 355 -**Examples:** 356 356 357 357 Below are examples for the how above AT Commands works. 358 358 359 -**AT+COMMANDx : **This command will be sent to RS485/TTL devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is: 360 360 361 -(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %) 362 -|((( 331 +**AT+COMMANDx : **This command will be sent to RS485 devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is: 332 + 333 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:499px" %) 334 +|(% style="width:496px" %)((( 363 363 **AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m** 364 364 365 365 **xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx: The RS485 command to be sent** ... ... @@ -367,49 +367,15 @@ 367 367 **m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command** 368 368 ))) 369 369 370 -((( 371 371 For example, if we have a RS485 sensor. The command to get sensor value is: 01 03 0B B8 00 02 46 0A. Where 01 03 0B B8 00 02 is the Modbus command to read the register 0B B8 where stored the sensor value. The 46 0A is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually. 372 -))) 373 373 374 -((( 375 -In the RS485-BL, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same. 376 -))) 344 +In the RS485-LN, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same. 377 377 378 -((( 379 -**AT+SEARCHx**: This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx. 380 -))) 381 381 382 -(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %) 383 -|((( 384 -**AT+SEARCHx=aa,xx xx xx xx xx** 385 - 386 -* **aa: 1: prefix match mode; 2: prefix and suffix match mode** 387 -* **xx xx xx xx xx: match string. Max 5 bytes for prefix and 5 bytes for suffix** 388 - 389 - 390 -))) 391 - 392 -**Examples:** 393 - 394 -~1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 395 - 396 -If we set AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34. (max 5 bytes for prefix) 397 - 398 -The valid data will be all bytes after 1E 56 34 , so it is (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49** 399 - 400 -[[image:1653269403619-508.png]] 401 - 402 -2. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 403 - 404 -If we set AT+SEARCH1=2, 1E 56 34+31 00 49 405 - 406 -Device will search the bytes between 1E 56 34 and 31 00 49. So it is (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30** 407 - 408 -[[image:1653269438444-278.png]] 409 - 410 410 **AT+DATACUTx : **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 45 bytes. 411 411 412 -|((( 349 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:725px" %) 350 +|(% style="width:722px" %)((( 413 413 **AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c** 414 414 415 415 * **a: length for the return of AT+COMMAND** ... ... @@ -417,48 +417,37 @@ 417 417 * **c: define the position for valid value. ** 418 418 ))) 419 419 420 -Examples: 358 +**Examples:** 421 421 422 422 * Grab bytes: 423 423 424 -[[image: 1653269551753-223.png||height="311" width="717"]]362 +[[image:image-20220602153621-1.png]] 425 425 364 + 426 426 * Grab a section. 427 427 428 -[[image: 1653269568276-930.png||height="325" width="718"]]367 +[[image:image-20220602153621-2.png]] 429 429 369 + 430 430 * Grab different sections. 431 431 432 -[[image: 1653269593172-426.png||height="303" width="725"]]372 +[[image:image-20220602153621-3.png]] 433 433 434 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note:** 374 + 375 +))) 435 435 436 -AT+SEARCHx and AT+DATACUTx can be used together, if both commands are set, RS485-BL will first process AT+SEARCHx on the return string and get a temporary string, and then process AT+DATACUTx on this temporary string to get the final payload. In this case, AT+DATACUTx need to set to format AT+DATACUTx=0,xx,xx where the return bytes set to 0. 437 - 438 -Example: 439 - 440 -(% style="color:red" %)AT+COMMAND1=11 01 1E D0,0 441 - 442 -(% style="color:red" %)AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34 443 - 444 -(% style="color:red" %)AT+DATACUT1=0,2,1~~5 445 - 446 -(% style="color:red" %)Return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 447 - 448 -(% style="color:red" %)String after SEARCH command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 449 - 450 -(% style="color:red" %)Valid payload after DataCUT command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 451 - 452 -[[image:1653269618463-608.png]] 453 - 454 454 === 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload === 455 455 456 456 ((( 457 457 Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.** 381 + 382 + 458 458 ))) 459 459 460 460 ((( 461 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0** 386 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0** 387 + 388 + 462 462 ))) 463 463 464 464 ((( ... ... @@ -479,8 +479,10 @@ 479 479 480 480 [[image:1653269759169-150.png||height="513" width="716"]] 481 481 482 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1** 483 483 410 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1** 411 + 412 + 484 484 Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**. 485 485 486 486 Final Payload is ... ... @@ -487,138 +487,98 @@ 487 487 488 488 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA** 489 489 490 -1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage 491 -1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER 492 -1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling. 493 -1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT) 494 -1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes 419 +1. PAYVER: Defined by AT+PAYVER 420 +1. PAYLOAD COUNT: Total how many uplinks of this sampling. 421 +1. PAYLOAD#: Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT) 422 +1. DATA: Valid value: max 8 bytes for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 8 bytes 495 495 496 -[[image: 1653269916228-732.png||height="433" width="711"]]424 +[[image:image-20220602155039-4.png]] 497 497 498 498 499 -So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink include s6bytes DATA427 +So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink include 8 bytes DATA 500 500 501 -DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value =(% style="background-color:green;color:white"%)20 20 0a 33 90 41429 +DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value + the first two of Valid value of RETURN10= **20 20 0a 33 90 41 02 aa** 502 502 503 -DATA2= 1^^st^^ ~~6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10=(%style="background-color:green;color:white"%)02aa05810a20431 +DATA2=3^^rd^^ ~~ 10^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= **05 81 0a 20 20 20 20 2d** 504 504 505 -DATA3= 7^^th^^~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10(%style="background-color:green; color:white" %)20 20 20 2d30433 +DATA3=the rest of Valid value of RETURN10= **30** 506 506 507 -Below are the uplink payloads: 508 508 509 - [[image:1653270130359-810.png]]436 +(% style="color:red" %)Notice: In firmware v1.3, the Max bytes has been changed according to the max bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below: 510 510 438 + ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink. 511 511 512 - (%style="color:red"%)**Notice:theMaxbytes is accordingto the maxsupportbytesin differentFrequencyBands forlowest SF.As below:**440 + * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 11 bytes for each uplink. 513 513 514 - ~*AU915/AS923bands,if UplinkDwell time=0, max51 bytes( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)442 + * For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink. 515 515 516 - * AU915/AS923bands,if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11bytes for each uplink( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).444 + ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink. 517 517 518 - * For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date). 519 519 520 - ~* Forallotherbands: max 51 bytes for eachuplink( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).447 +Below are the uplink payloads: 521 521 449 +[[image:1654157178836-407.png]] 450 + 451 + 522 522 === 3.3.5 Uplink on demand === 523 523 524 -Except uplink periodically, RS485- BL is able to uplink on demand. The server sendsdownlink command to RS485-BL and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.454 +Except uplink periodically, RS485-LN is able to uplink on demand. The server send downlink command to RS485-LN and RS485 will uplink data base on the command. 525 525 526 526 Downlink control command: 527 527 528 - [[0x08 command>>path:#downlink_08]]:Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.458 +**0x08 command**: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-LN. 529 529 530 - [[0xA8 command>>path:#downlink_A8]]:Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.460 +**0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-LN and uplink the output from sensors. 531 531 532 532 533 533 534 -1. 535 -11. 536 -111. Uplink on Interrupt 464 +=== 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt === 537 537 538 - Put theinterruptsensorbetween3.3v_outand GPIOext.[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]466 +RS485-LN support external Interrupt uplink since hardware v1.2 release. 539 539 540 - AT+INTMOD=0 DisableInterrupt468 +[[image:1654157342174-798.png]] 541 541 542 - AT+INTMOD=1Interrupt triggerbyrising orfallingedge.470 +Connect the Interrupt pin to RS485-LN INT port and connect the GND pin to V- port. When there is a high voltage (Max 24v) on INT pin. Device will send an uplink packet. 543 543 544 -AT+INTMOD=2 Interrupt trigger by falling edge. ( Default Value) 545 545 546 - AT+INTMOD=3Interrupt trigger by risingedge.473 +== 3.4 Uplink Payload == 547 547 548 - 549 -1. 550 -11. Uplink Payload 551 - 552 -|**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands** 553 -|Value|((( 475 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:734px" %) 476 +|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:120px" %)**2**|(% style="width:116px" %)**1**|(% style="width:386px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands** 477 +|Value|(% style="width:120px" %)((( 554 554 Battery(mV) 555 555 556 556 & 557 557 558 558 Interrupt _Flag 559 -)))|((( 483 +)))|(% style="width:116px" %)((( 560 560 PAYLOAD_VER 561 561 562 562 563 -)))|If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server. 487 +)))|(% style="width:386px" %)If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server. 564 564 565 565 Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors. 566 566 567 567 568 -fu nctionDecoder(bytes,port){492 +== 3.5 Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink == 569 569 570 - ~/~/Payload Formatsof RS485-BL Deceive494 +User can configure RS485-LN via AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands 571 571 572 -re turn{496 +There are two kinds of Commands: 573 573 574 - ~/~/Battery,units:V498 +* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Common Commands**(%%): They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]] 575 575 576 - BatV:((bytes[0]<<8|bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000,500 +* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Sensor Related Commands**(%%): These commands are special designed for RS485-LN. User can see these commands below: 577 577 578 - ~/~/GPIO_EXTI 579 579 580 - EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE", 581 581 582 - ~/~/payloadofversion504 +=== 3.5.1 Common Commands === 583 583 584 - Pay_ver:bytes[2],506 +They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]] 585 585 586 - }; 587 587 588 - }509 +=== 3.5.2 Sensor related commands: === 589 589 590 - 591 - 592 - 593 - 594 - 595 - 596 -TTN V3 uplink screen shot. 597 - 598 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]] 599 - 600 -1. 601 -11. Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink 602 - 603 -User can configure RS485-BL via [[AT Commands >>path:#_Using_the_AT]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands 604 - 605 -There are two kinds of Commands: 606 - 607 -* **Common Commands**: They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: http:~/~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands 608 - 609 -* **Sensor Related Commands**: These commands are special designed for RS485-BL. User can see these commands below: 610 - 611 -1. 612 -11. 613 -111. Common Commands: 614 - 615 -They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands]] 616 - 617 - 618 -1. 619 -11. 620 -111. Sensor related commands: 621 - 622 622 ==== Choose Device Type (RS485 or TTL) ==== 623 623 624 624 RS485-BL can connect to either RS485 sensors or TTL sensor. User need to specify what type of sensor need to connect.
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