Changes for page RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual

Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2025/07/14 09:59

From 32.11 to 32.12 From 61.1 to 61.2

From version 32.12

edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/02 15:26

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To version 61.1

edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/14 11:26

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Title

@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
--RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter
++RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual

Content

@@ -3,15 +3,20 @@
--**RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
++
++
  **Table of Contents:**
++{{toc/}}
++
++
++
  = 1.Introduction =
  == 1.1 What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
@@ -18,23 +18,37 @@
  (((
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++(((
++
++
  The Dragino RS485-LN is a (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter**(%%). It converts the RS485 signal into LoRaWAN wireless signal which simplify the IoT installation and reduce the installation/maintaining cost.
  )))
++)))
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++(((
  RS485-LN allows user to (% style="color:blue" %)**monitor / control RS485 devices**(%%) and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, smartphone detection, building automation, and so on.
  )))
++)))
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++(((
  (% style="color:blue" %)**For data uplink**(%%), RS485-LN sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485 devices. RS485-LN will process these returns according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to LoRaWAN server.
  )))
++)))
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++(((
  (% style="color:blue" %)**For data downlink**(%%), RS485-LN runs in LoRaWAN Class C. When there downlink commands from LoRaWAN server, RS485-LN will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.
++)))
++(((
  (% style="color:blue" %)**Demo Dashboard for RS485-LN**(%%) connect to two energy meters: [[https:~~/~~/app.datacake.de/dashboard/d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a>>url:https://app.datacake.de/dashboard/d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a]]
++
++
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++)))
  [[image:1653267211009-519.png||height="419" width="724"]]
@@ -74,10 +74,11 @@
  * Preamble detection.
  * 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.
  * Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.
--* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC.
++* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC
++
  == 1.3 Features ==
  * LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class C)
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@
++
  == 1.4 Applications ==
  * Smart Buildings & Home Automation
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@
++
  == 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
  [[RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/]]
@@ -111,9 +111,13 @@
  (((
  (((
++(((
  v1.2: Add External Interrupt Pin.
++)))
++(((
  v1.0: Release
++)))
  )))
@@ -141,7 +141,9 @@
  == 3.1 How it works? ==
  (((
++(((
  The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
++)))
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@@ -152,19 +152,25 @@
  [[image:1653268155545-638.png||height="334" width="724"]]
++
  (((
++(((
  The RS485-LN in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other RS485 devices via the same method. The connection is as below:
++)))
++(((
 A+ and 485B- of the sensor are connected to RS485A and RA485B of RS485-LN respectively.
++)))
  [[image:1653268227651-549.png||height="592" width="720"]]
++
  (((
--The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>path:eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
++The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>path:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
  )))
  (((
--**Step 1**: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-LN.
++(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-LN.
  )))
  (((
@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@
  [[image:1652953462722-299.png]]
++
  (((
  (((
  User can enter this key in their LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
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--Add APP EUI in the application.
++**Add APP EUI in the application.**
  )))
  )))
@@ -196,46 +196,55 @@
  [[image:1652953542269-423.png||height="710" width="723"]]
--Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
++
++**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**
++
  [[image:1652953553383-907.png||height="514" width="724"]]
  (((
--**Step 2**: Power on RS485-LN and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
++(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on RS485-LN and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
  )))
  [[image:1652953568895-172.png||height="232" width="724"]]
++
  == 3.3 Configure Commands to read data ==
  (((
  (((
--There are plenty of RS485 devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands>>path:#AT_COMMAND]] or LoRaWAN Downlink Command to configure what commands RS485-LN should send for each sampling and how to handle the return from RS485 devices.
++(((
++There are plenty of RS485 devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands>>||anchor="H3.5ConfigureRS485-LNviaATorDownlink"]] or LoRaWAN Downlink Command to configure what commands RS485-LN should send for each sampling and how to handle the return from RS485 devices.
  )))
++)))
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++(((
  (% style="color:red" %)Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please check the [[user manual v1.0>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/&file=RS485-LN_UserManual_v1.0.1.pdf]] or upgrade the firmware to v1.1
  )))
++
++
  )))
++)))
  === 3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication ===
  To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. And user need to make sure RS485-LN use the match UART setting to access the sensors. The related commands for UART settings are:
--(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:795px" %)
--|(((
++(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)
++|=(% style="width: 110px;" %)(((
  **AT Commands**
--)))|(% style="width:285px" %)(((
++)))|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)(((
  **Description**
--)))|(% style="width:347px" %)(((
++)))|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)(((
  **Example**
  )))
--|(((
++|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
  AT+BAUDR
--)))|(% style="width:285px" %)(((
++)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
  Set the baud rate (for RS485 connection). Default Value is: 9600.
--)))|(% style="width:347px" %)(((
++)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
  (((
  AT+BAUDR=9600
  )))
@@ -244,11 +244,11 @@
  Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200)
  )))
  )))
--|(((
++|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
  AT+PARITY
--)))|(% style="width:285px" %)(((
++)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
  Set UART parity (for RS485 connection)
--)))|(% style="width:347px" %)(((
++)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
  (((
  AT+PARITY=0
  )))
@@ -257,9 +257,9 @@
  Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
  )))
  )))
--|(((
++|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
  AT+STOPBIT
--)))|(% style="width:285px" %)(((
++)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
  (((
  Set serial stopbit (for RS485 connection)
  )))
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
  (((
  )))
--)))|(% style="width:347px" %)(((
++)))|(% style="width:190px" %)(((
  (((
  AT+STOPBIT=0 for 1bit
  )))
@@ -281,6 +281,7 @@
  )))
  )))
++
  === 3.3.2 Configure sensors ===
  (((
@@ -289,140 +289,70 @@
  )))
  )))
--(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:806px" %)
--|**AT Commands**|(% style="width:418px" %)**Description**|(% style="width:256px" %)**Example**
--|AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:418px" %)(((
--This command is used to configure the RS485/TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
--
--AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,
--
--mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
--)))|(% style="width:256px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
--
--=== 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
--
++(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)
++|=(% style="width: 110px;" %)**AT Commands**|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)**Description**|=(% style="width: 190px;" %)**Example**
++|AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
  (((
--RS485-BL is a battery powered device; it will sleep most of time. And wake up on each period and read RS485 / TTL sensor data and uplink.
++This command is used to configure the RS485/TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
  )))
  (((
--During each sampling, we need to confirm what commands we need to send to the sensors to read data. After the RS485/TTL sensors send back the value, it normally includes some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload.
++AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,
  )))
  (((
--To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their valid value into a short payload.
++mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
  )))
++)))|(% style="width:190px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
--(((
--This section describes how to achieve above goals.
--)))
--(((
--During each sampling, the RS485-BL can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads.
--)))
++=== 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
  (((
--**Command from RS485-BL to Sensor:**
--)))
++During each sampling, we need confirm what commands we need to send to the RS485 sensors to read data. After the RS485 sensors send back the value, it normally include some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload.
--(((
--RS485-BL can send out pre-set max 15 strings via **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF** . All commands are of same grammar.
--)))
++To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their valid value into a short payload.
--(((
--**Handle return from sensors to RS485-BL**:
--)))
++This section describes how to achieve above goals.
--(((
--After RS485-BL send out a string to sensor, RS485-BL will wait for the return from RS485 or TTL sensor. And user can specify how to handle the return, by **AT+DATACUT or AT+SEARCH commands**
--)))
++During each sampling, the RS485-LN can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads.
--* (((
--**AT+DATACUT**
--)))
--(((
--When the return value from sensor have fix length and we know which position the valid value we should get, we can use AT+DATACUT command.
--)))
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**Each RS485 commands include two parts:**
--* (((
--**AT+SEARCH**
--)))
++~1. What commands RS485-LN will send to the RS485 sensors. There are total 15 commands from **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF**. All commands are of same grammar.
--(((
--When the return value from sensor is dynamic length and we are not sure which bytes the valid data is, instead, we know what value the valid value following. We can use AT+SEARCH to search the valid value in the return string.
--)))
++2. How to get wanted value the from RS485 sensors returns from by 1). There are total 15 AT Commands to handle the return, commands are **AT+DATACUT1**,**AT+DATACUT2**,…, **AT+DATACUTF** corresponding to the commands from 1). All commands are of same grammar.
--(((
--**Define wait timeout:**
--)))
++3. Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example **AT+CMDDL1=1000** to send the open time to 1000ms
--(((
--Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example, AT+CMDDL1=1000 to send the open time to 1000ms
--)))
--(((
  After we got the valid value from each RS485 commands, we need to combine them together with the command **AT+DATAUP**.
--)))
--**Examples:**
  Below are examples for the how above AT Commands works.
--**AT+COMMANDx : **This command will be sent to RS485/TTL devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is:
--(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %)
--|(((
--**AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+COMMANDx **(%%)**: **This command will be sent to RS485 devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is:
++(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:499px" %)
++|(% style="width:496px" %)(((
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**
++
  **xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx: The RS485 command to be sent**
  **m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command**
  )))
--(((
  For example, if we have a RS485 sensor. The command to get sensor value is: 01 03 0B B8 00 02 46 0A. Where 01 03 0B B8 00 02 is the Modbus command to read the register 0B B8 where stored the sensor value. The 46 0A is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.
--)))
--(((
--In the RS485-BL, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same.
--)))
++In the RS485-LN, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same.
--(((
--**AT+SEARCHx**: This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx.
--)))
--(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %)
--|(((
--**AT+SEARCHx=aa,xx xx xx xx xx**
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DATACUTx **(%%)**: **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 45 bytes.
--* **aa: 1: prefix match mode; 2: prefix and suffix match mode**
--* **xx xx xx xx xx: match string. Max 5 bytes for prefix and 5 bytes for suffix**
--
--
--)))
--
--**Examples:**
--
--~1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
--
--If we set AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34.      (max 5 bytes for prefix)
--
--The valid data will be all bytes after 1E 56 34 , so it is (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49**
--
--[[image:1653269403619-508.png]]
--
--2. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
--
--If we set AT+SEARCH1=2, 1E 56 34+31 00 49
--
--Device will search the bytes between 1E 56 34 and 31 00 49. So it is (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30**
--
--[[image:1653269438444-278.png]]
--
--**AT+DATACUTx : **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 45 bytes.
--
--|(((
++(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:510px" %)
++|(% style="width:510px" %)(((
  **AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c**
  * **a: length for the return of AT+COMMAND**
@@ -430,48 +430,38 @@
  * **c: define the position for valid value.  **
  )))
--Examples:
++**Examples:**
--* Grab bytes:
++* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab bytes**
--[[image:1653269551753-223.png||height="311" width="717"]]
++[[image:image-20220602153621-1.png]]
--* Grab a section.
--[[image:1653269568276-930.png||height="325" width="718"]]
++* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab a section**
--* Grab different sections.
++[[image:image-20220602153621-2.png]]
--[[image:1653269593172-426.png||height="303" width="725"]]
--(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
++* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Grab different sections**
--AT+SEARCHx and AT+DATACUTx can be used together, if both commands are set, RS485-BL will first process AT+SEARCHx on the return string and get a temporary string, and then process AT+DATACUTx on this temporary string to get the final payload. In this case, AT+DATACUTx need to set to format AT+DATACUTx=0,xx,xx where the return bytes set to 0.
++[[image:image-20220602153621-3.png]]
--Example:
--(% style="color:red" %)AT+COMMAND1=11 01 1E D0,0
++
++)))
--(% style="color:red" %)AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34
--
--(% style="color:red" %)AT+DATACUT1=0,2,1~~5
--
--(% style="color:red" %)Return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
--
--(% style="color:red" %)String after SEARCH command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
--
--(% style="color:red" %)Valid payload after DataCUT command: 2e 30 58 5f 36
--
--[[image:1653269618463-608.png]]
--
  === 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload ===
  (((
  Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.**
++
++
  )))
  (((
--(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
++
++
  )))
  (((
@@ -492,8 +492,10 @@
  [[image:1653269759169-150.png||height="513" width="716"]]
--(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
++
++
  Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**.
  Final Payload is
@@ -500,700 +500,1041 @@
  (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA**
--1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage
--1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER
--1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
--1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
--1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes
--[[image:1653269916228-732.png||height="433" width="711"]]
++1. PAYVER: Defined by AT+PAYVER
++1. PAYLOAD COUNT: Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
++1. PAYLOAD#: Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
++1. DATA: Valid value: max 8 bytes for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 8 bytes
++[[image:image-20220602155039-4.png]]
--So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink includes 6 bytes DATA
--DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = (% style="background-color:green; color:white" %)20 20 0a 33 90 41
++So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink include 8 bytes DATA
--DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10=(% style="background-color:green; color:white" %) 02 aa 05 81 0a 20
++DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value + the first two of Valid value of RETURN10= **20 20 0a 33 90 41 02 aa**
--DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 = (% style="background-color:green; color:white" %)20 20 20 2d 30
++DATA2=3^^rd^^ ~~ 10^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= **05 81 0a 20 20 20 20 2d**
--Below are the uplink payloads:
++DATA3=the rest of Valid value of RETURN10= **30**
--[[image:1653270130359-810.png]]
++(% style="color:red" %)Notice: In firmware v1.3, the Max bytes has been changed according to the max bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
--(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:**
++   ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink.
--   ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)
++   * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 11 bytes for each uplink.
--   * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).
++   * For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink.
--   * For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).
++   ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink.
--   ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink  ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).
--=== 3.3.5 Uplink on demand ===
++Below are the uplink payloads:
--Except uplink periodically, RS485-BL is able to uplink on demand. The server sends downlink command to RS485-BL and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.
++[[image:1654157178836-407.png]]
--Downlink control command:
--[[0x08 command>>path:#downlink_08]]: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.
++=== 3.3.5 Uplink on demand ===
--[[0xA8 command>>path:#downlink_A8]]: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.
++Except uplink periodically, RS485-LN is able to uplink on demand. The server send downlink command to RS485-LN and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.
++Downlink control command:
++**0x08 command**: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-LN.
--1.
--11.
--111. Uplink on Interrupt
++**0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-LN and uplink the output from sensors.
--Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]
--AT+INTMOD=0  Disable Interrupt
--AT+INTMOD=1  Interrupt trigger by rising or falling edge.
++=== 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt ===
--AT+INTMOD=2  Interrupt trigger by falling edge. ( Default Value)
++RS485-LN support external Interrupt uplink since hardware v1.2 release.
--AT+INTMOD=3  Interrupt trigger by rising edge.
++[[image:1654157342174-798.png]]
++Connect the Interrupt pin to RS485-LN INT port and connect the GND pin to V- port. When there is a high voltage (Max 24v) on INT pin. Device will send an uplink packet.
--1.
--11. Uplink Payload
--|**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands**
--|Value|(((
--Battery(mV)
++== 3.4 Uplink Payload ==
--&
--Interrupt _Flag
--)))|(((
--PAYLOAD_VER
++[[image:image-20220606110929-1.png]]
--
--)))|If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
--
  Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.
--function Decoder(bytes, port) {
++== 3.5 Configure RS485-LN via AT or Downlink ==
--~/~/Payload Formats of RS485-BL Deceive
++(((
++User can configure RS485-LN via AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
++)))
--return {
--
--    ~/~/Battery,units:V
--
--    BatV:((bytes[0]<<8 | bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000,
--
--    ~/~/GPIO_EXTI
--
--    EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE",
--
--    ~/~/payload of version
--
--    Pay_ver:bytes[2],
--
--    };
--
--  }
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--TTN V3 uplink screen shot.
--
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]]
--
--1.
--11. Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink
--
--User can configure RS485-BL via [[AT Commands >>path:#_Using_the_AT]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
--
++(((
  There are two kinds of Commands:
++)))
--* **Common Commands**: They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: http:~/~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands
++* (((
++(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Common Commands**(%%): They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
++)))
--* **Sensor Related Commands**: These commands are special designed for RS485-BL.  User can see these commands below:
++* (((
++(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Sensor Related Commands**(%%): These commands are special designed for RS485-LN.  User can see these commands below:
++)))
--1.
--11.
--111. Common Commands:
++(((
++
++)))
--They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands]]
++=== 3.5.1 Common Commands ===
--1.
--11.
--111. Sensor related commands:
++They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
--==== Choose Device Type (RS485 or TTL) ====
--RS485-BL can connect to either RS485 sensors or TTL sensor. User need to specify what type of sensor need to connect.
++=== 3.5.2 Sensor related commands ===
--* AT Command
++Response feature is added to the server's downlink, a special package with a FPort of 200 will be uploaded immediately after receiving the data sent by the server.
--**AT+MOD=1** ~/~/ Set to support RS485-MODBUS type sensors. User can connect multiply RS485 , Modbus sensors to the A / B pins.
++[[image:image-20220602163333-5.png||height="263" width="1160"]]
--**AT+MOD=2** ~/~/ Set to support TTL Level sensors, User can connect one TTL Sensor to the TXD/RXD/GND pins.
++The first byte of this package represents whether the configuration is successful, 00 represents failure, 01 represents success. Except for the first byte, the other is the previous downlink. (All commands except A8 type commands are applicable)
--* Downlink Payload
++=== 3.5.3 Sensor related commands ===
--**0A aa**     à same as AT+MOD=aa
--==== [[RS485 Debug Command>>path:#downlink_A8]] (AT+CFGDEV) ====
++==== **RS485 Debug Command** ====
--This command is used to configure the RS485 or TTL sensors; they won’t be used during sampling.
++(((
++This command is used to configure the RS485 devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
++)))
--* AT Command
++* (((
++**AT Command**
++)))
--AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**
++)))
++)))
--m: 0: no CRC; 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command.
++(((
++m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
++)))
++* (((
++**Downlink Payload**
++)))
--
--* Downlink Payload
--
++(((
  Format: A8 MM NN XX XX XX XX YY
++)))
++(((
  Where:
++)))
--* MM: 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS ; 0: no CRC
--* NN: The length of RS485 command
--* XX XX XX XX: RS485 command total NN bytes
--* YY: How many bytes will be uplink from the return of this RS485 command, if YY=0, RS485-BL will execute the downlink command without uplink; if YY>0, RS485-BL will uplink total YY bytes from the output of this RS485 command
++* (((
++MM: 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS ; 0: no CRC
++)))
++* (((
++NN: The length of RS485 command
++)))
++* (((
++XX XX XX XX: RS485 command total NN bytes
++)))
++* (((
++(((
++YY: How many bytes will be uplink from the return of this RS485 command,
++)))
--**Example 1:**
++* (((
++if YY=0, RS485-LN will execute the downlink command without uplink;
++)))
++* (((
++if YY>0, RS485-LN will uplink total YY bytes from the output of this RS485 command; Fport=200
++)))
++* (((
++if YY=FF, RS485-LN will uplink RS485 output with the downlink command content; Fport=200.
++)))
++)))
++(((
++**Example 1** ~-~-> Configure without ask for uplink (YY=0)
++)))
++
++(((
  To connect a Modbus Alarm with below commands.
++)))
--* The command to active alarm is: 0A 05 00 04 00 01 4C B0. Where 0A 05 00 04 00 01 is the Modbus command to read the register 00 40 where stored the DI status. The 4C B0 is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.
++* (((
++The command to active alarm is: 0A 05 00 04 00 01 4C B0. Where 0A 05 00 04 00 01 is the Modbus command to read the register 00 40 where stored the DI status. The 4C B0 is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.
++)))
--* The command to deactivate alarm is: 0A 05 00 04 00 00 8D 70. Where 0A 05 00 04 00 00 is the Modbus command to read the register 00 40 where stored the DI status. The 8D 70 is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.
++* (((
++The command to deactivate alarm is: 0A 05 00 04 00 00 8D 70. Where 0A 05 00 04 00 00 is the Modbus command to read the register 00 40 where stored the DI status. The 8D 70 is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.
++)))
++(((
  So if user want to use downlink command to control to RS485 Alarm, he can use:
++)))
--**A8 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 01 00**: to activate the RS485 Alarm
++(((
++(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**A8 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 01 00**(%%): to activate the RS485 Alarm
++)))
--**A8 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 00 00**: to deactivate the RS485 Alarm
++(((
++(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**A8 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 00 00**(%%): to deactivate the RS485 Alarm
++)))
++(((
  A8 is type code and 01 means add CRC-16/MODBUS at the end, the 3^^rd^^ byte is 06, means the next 6 bytes are the command to be sent to the RS485 network, the final byte 00 means this command don’t need to acquire output.
++)))
++(((
++
++)))
--**Example 2:**
++(((
++**Example 2** ~-~-> Configure with requesting uplink and original downlink command (**YY=FF**)
++)))
--Check TTL Sensor return:
++(((
++User in IoT server send a downlink command: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**A8 01 06 0A 08 00 04 00 01 YY**
++)))
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.png]]
++(((
++
++)))
++(((
++RS485-LN got this downlink command and send (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**0A 08 00 04 00 01 **(%%)to Modbus network. One of the RS485 sensor in the network send back Modbus reply **0A 08 00 04 00 00**. RS485-LN get this reply and combine with the original downlink command and uplink. The uplink message is:
++)))
++(((
++   **A8** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**0A 08 00 04 00  **(% style="color:red" %)**01 06** ** **(% style="color:green" %)**0A 08 00 04 00 00**
++)))
++(((
++ [[image:1654159460680-153.png]]
++)))
--==== Set Payload version ====
--This is the first byte of the uplink payload. RS485-BL can connect to different sensors. User can set the PAYVER field to tell server how to decode the current payload.
--* AT Command:
--AT+PAYVER: Set PAYVER field = 1
++==== **Set Payload version** ====
++(((
++This is the first byte of the uplink payload. RS485-LN can connect to different sensors. User can set the PAYVER field to tell server how to decode the current payload.
++)))
--* Downlink Payload:
++* (((
++**AT Command:**
++)))
--0xAE 01   à Set PAYVER field =  0x01
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+PAYVER: Set PAYVER field = 1**
++)))
++)))
--0xAE 0F   à Set PAYVER field =  0x0F
++* (((
++**Downlink Payload:**
++)))
++(((
++**0xAE 01**   ~-~-> Set PAYVER field =  0x01
++)))
--==== Set RS485 Sampling Commands ====
++(((
++**0xAE 0F**   ~-~-> Set PAYVER field =  0x0F
++)))
--AT+COMMANDx, AT+DATACUTx and AT+SEARCHx
--These three commands are used to configure how the RS485-BL polling data from Modbus device. Detail of usage please see : [[polling RS485 device>>path:#polling_485]].
--* AT Command:
++==== **Set RS485 Sampling Commands** ====
--AT+COMMANDx: Configure RS485 read command to sensor.
++(((
++AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx
++)))
--AT+DATACUTx: Configure how to handle return from RS485 devices.
++(((
++These three commands are used to configure how the RS485-LN polling data from Modbus device. Detail of usage please see : [[polling RS485 device>>||anchor="H3.3.3Configurereadcommandsforeachsampling"]].
++)))
--AT+SEARCHx: Configure search command
++(((
++
++)))
++* (((
++**AT Command:**
++)))
--* Downlink Payload:
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+COMMANDx: Configure RS485 read command to sensor.**
++)))
++)))
--0xAF downlink command can be used to set AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx.
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+DATACUTx: Configure how to handle return from RS485 devices.**
++)))
++)))
--Note: if user use AT+COMMANDx to add a new command, he also need to send AT+DATACUTx downlink.
++(((
++
++)))
--Format: AF MM NN LL XX XX XX XX YY
++* (((
++**Downlink Payload:**
++)))
--Where:
++(((
++**0xAF** downlink command can be used to set AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx.
++)))
--* MM: the ATCOMMAND or AT+DATACUT to be set. Value from 01 ~~ 0F,
--* NN: 0: no CRC; 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS ; 2: set the AT+DATACUT value.
--* LL: The length of AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command
--* XX XX XX XX: AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command
--* YY: If YY=0, RS485-BL will execute the downlink command without uplink; if YY=1, RS485-BL will execute an uplink after got this command.
++(((
++(% style="color:red" %)**Note**(%%): if user use AT+COMMANDx to add a new command, he also need to send AT+DATACUTx downlink.
++)))
--Example:
++(((
++Format: AF MM NN LL XX XX XX XX YY
++)))
--**AF 03 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 01 00**: Same as AT+COMMAND3=0A 05 00 04 00 01,1
++(((
++Where:
++)))
--**AF 03 02 06 10 01 05 06 09 0A 00**: Same as AT+DATACUT3=**16**,**1**,**5+6+9+10**
++* (((
++MM: the ATCOMMAND or AT+DATACUT to be set. Value from 01 ~~ 0F,
++)))
++* (((
++NN:  0: no CRC; 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS ; 2: set the AT+DATACUT value.
++)))
++* (((
++LL:   The length of AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command
++)))
++* (((
++XX XX XX XX: AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command
++)))
++* (((
++YY:   If YY=0, RS485-LN will execute the downlink command without uplink; if YY=1, RS485-LN will execute an uplink after got this command.
++)))
--**AF 03 02 06 0B 02 05 07 08 0A 00**: Same as AT+DATACUT3=**11**,**2**,**5~~7+8~~10**
++(((
++**Example:**
++)))
++(((
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 01 06 0A 05 00 04 00 01 00**(%%): Same as AT+COMMAND3=0A 05 00 04 00 01,1
++)))
--0xAB downlink command can be used for set AT+SEARCHx
++(((
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 02 06**(% style="color:orange" %)** 10 **(% style="color:red" %)**01 **(% style="color:green" %)**05 06 09 0A**(% style="color:#037691" %)** 00**(%%): Same as AT+DATACUT3=(% style="color:orange" %)**16**(%%),(% style="color:red" %)**1**(%%),(% style="color:green" %)**5+6+9+10**
++)))
--Example: **AB aa 01 03 xx xx xx** (03 here means there are total 3 bytes after 03) So
++(((
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**AF 03 02 06 **(% style="color:orange" %)**0B**(% style="color:red" %)** 02 **(% style="color:green" %)**05 07 08 0A **(% style="color:#037691" %)**00**(%%): Same as AT+DATACUT3=(% style="color:orange" %)**11**(%%),(% style="color:red" %)**2**(%%),(% style="color:green" %)**5~~7+8~~10**
++)))
--* AB aa 01 03 xx xx xx  same as AT+SEARCHaa=1,xx xx xx
--* AB aa 02 03 xx xx xx 02 yy yy(03 means there are 3 bytes after 03, they are xx xx xx;02 means there are 2 bytes after 02, they are yy yy) so the commands
--**AB aa 02 03 xx xx xx 02 yy yy**  same as **AT+SEARCHaa=2,xx xx xx+yy yy**
--==== Fast command to handle MODBUS device ====
++==== **Fast command to handle MODBUS device** ====
++(((
  AT+MBFUN is valid since v1.3 firmware version. The command is for fast configure to read Modbus devices. It is only valid for the devices which follow the [[MODBUS-RTU protocol>>url:https://www.modbustools.com/modbus.html]].
++)))
++(((
  This command is valid since v1.3 firmware version
++)))
++(((
++AT+MBFUN can auto read the Modbus function code: 01, 02, 03 or 04. AT+MBFUN has lower priority vs AT+DATACUT command. If AT+DATACUT command is configured, AT+MBFUN will be ignore.
++)))
--AT+MBFUN has only two value:
++(((
++
++)))
--* AT+MBFUN=1: Enable Modbus reading. And get response base on the MODBUS return
++(((
++**Example:**
++)))
--AT+MBFUN=1, device can auto read the Modbus function code: 01, 02, 03 or 04. AT+MBFUN has lower priority vs AT+DATACUT command. If AT+DATACUT command is configured, AT+MBFUN will be ignore.
++* (((
++AT+MBFUN=1 and AT+DATACUT1/AT+DATACUT2 are not configure (0,0,0). So RS485-LN.
++)))
++* (((
++AT+COMMAND1= 01 03 00 10 00 08,1 ~-~-> read slave address 01 , function code 03, start address 00 01, quantity of registers 00 08.
++)))
++* (((
++AT+COMMAND2= 01 02 00 40 00 10,1 ~-~-> read slave address 01 , function code 02, start address 00 40, quantity of inputs 00 10.
++)))
--* AT+MBFUN=0: Disable Modbus fast reading.
++[[image:image-20220602165351-6.png]]
--Example:
++[[image:image-20220602165351-7.png]]
--* AT+MBFUN=1 and AT+DATACUT1/AT+DATACUT2 are not configure (0,0,0).
--* AT+COMMAND1= 01 03 00 10 00 08,1 ~-~-> read slave address 01 , function code 03, start address 00 01, quantity of registers 00 08.
--* AT+COMMAND2= 01 02 00 40 00 10,1 ~-~-> read slave address 01 , function code 02, start address 00 40, quantity of inputs 00 10.
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.png]]
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.png]]
++==== **RS485 command timeout** ====
++(((
++Some Modbus device has slow action to send replies. This command is used to configure the RS485-LN to use longer time to wait for their action.
++)))
--* Downlink Commands:
++(((
++Default value: 0, range:  0 ~~ 65 seconds
++)))
--A9 aa -à Same as AT+MBFUN=aa
++* (((
++**AT Command:**
++)))
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)*1000**
++)))
++)))
--==== RS485 command timeout ====
++(((
++**Example:**
++)))
--Some Modbus device has slow action to send replies. This command is used to configure the RS485-BL to use longer time to wait for their action.
++(((
++**AT+CMDDL1=1000** to send the open time to 1000ms
++)))
--Default value: 0, range:  0 ~~ 5 seconds
++(((
++
++)))
++* (((
++**Downlink Payload:**
++)))
--* AT Command:
++(((
++**0x AA aa bb cc**
++)))
--AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)
++(((
++Same as: AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)*1000
++)))
--Example:
++(((
++   **Example:**
++)))
--**AT+CMDDL1=1000** to send the open time to 1000ms
++(((
++   0xAA 01 00 01  ~-~-> Same as **AT+CMDDL1=1000 ms**
++)))
--* Downlink Payload:
--0x AA aa bb cc
--Same as: AT+CMDDLaa=hex(bb cc)
++==== **Uplink payload mode** ====
--   Example:
++(((
++Define to use one uplink or multiple uplinks for the sampling.
++)))
--   0xAA 01 03 E8  à Same as **AT+CMDDL1=1000 ms**
++(((
++The use of this command please see: [[Compose Uplink payload>>||anchor="H3.3.4Composetheuplinkpayload"]]
++)))
++* (((
++**AT Command:**
++)))
--==== [[Uplink>>path:#downlink_A8]] payload mode ====
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+DATAUP=0**
++)))
++)))
--Define to use one uplink or multiple uplinks for the sampling.
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+DATAUP=1**
++)))
++)))
--The use of this command please see: [[Compose Uplink payload>>path:#DataUP]]
++(((
++
++)))
--* AT Command:
++* (((
++**Downlink Payload:**
++)))
--AT+DATAUP=0
++(((
++**0xAD 00**   **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=0
++)))
--AT+DATAUP=1
++(((
++**0xAD 01**   **~-~->** Same as AT+DATAUP=1
++)))
--* Downlink Payload:
--0xAD 00   à Same as AT+DATAUP=0
--0xAD 01   à Same as AT+DATAUP=1
++==== **Manually trigger an Uplink** ====
++(((
++Ask device to send an uplink immediately.
++)))
--==== Manually trigger an Uplink ====
++* (((
++**AT Command:**
++)))
--Ask device to send an uplink immediately.
++(((
++No AT Command for this, user can press the [[ACT button>>||anchor="H3.7Buttons"]] for 1 second for the same.
++)))
--* Downlink Payload:
++(((
++
++)))
--0x08 FF, RS485-BL will immediately send an uplink.
++* (((
++**Downlink Payload:**
++)))
++(((
++**0x08 FF**, RS485-LN will immediately send an uplink.
++)))
--==== Clear RS485 Command ====
--The AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx settings are stored in special location, user can use below command to clear them.
--* AT Command:
++==== **Clear RS485 Command** ====
++(((
++The AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx settings are stored in special location, user can use below command to clear them.
++)))
++
++* (((
++**AT Command:**
++)))
++
++(((
  **AT+CMDEAR=mm,nn**   mm: start position of erase ,nn: stop position of erase
++)))
++(((
  Etc. AT+CMDEAR=1,10 means erase AT+COMMAND1/AT+DATACUT1 to AT+COMMAND10/AT+DATACUT10
++)))
++(((
  Example screen shot after clear all RS485 commands.
++)))
++(((
++
++)))
--
++(((
  The uplink screen shot is:
++)))
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]]
++[[image:1654160691922-496.png]]
--* Downlink Payload:
++* (((
++**Downlink Payload:**
++)))
--0x09 aa bb  same as AT+CMDEAR=aa,bb
++(((
++**0x09 aa bb**  same as AT+CMDEAR=aa,bb
++)))
--==== Set Serial Communication Parameters ====
++
++==== **Set Serial Communication Parameters** ====
++
++(((
  Set the Rs485 serial communication parameters:
++)))
--* AT Command:
++* (((
++**AT Command:**
++)))
++(((
  Set Baud Rate:
++)))
--AT+BAUDR=9600    ~/~/ Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200)
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+BAUDR=9600**    ~/~/ Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200)
++)))
++)))
++(((
++Set UART Parity
++)))
--Set UART parity
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+PARITY=0**    ~/~/ Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
++)))
++)))
--AT+PARITY=0    ~/~/ Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
--
--
++(((
  Set STOPBIT
++)))
--AT+STOPBIT=0    ~/~/ Option: 0 for 1bit; 1 for 1.5 bit ; 2 for 2 bits
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++(((
++**AT+STOPBIT=0**    ~/~/ Option: 0 for 1bit; 1 for 1.5 bit ; 2 for 2 bits
++)))
++)))
++(((
++
++)))
--* Downlink Payload:
++* (((
++**Downlink Payload:**
++)))
--A7 01 aa bb: Same  AT+BAUDR=hex(aa bb)*100
++(((
++**A7 01 aa bb**: Same  AT+BAUDR=hex(aa bb)*100
++)))
--Example:
++(((
++**Example:**
++)))
--* A7 01 00 60   same as AT+BAUDR=9600
--* A7 01 04 80     same as AT+BAUDR=115200
++* (((
++A7 01 00 60   same as AT+BAUDR=9600
++)))
++* (((
++A7 01 04 80     same as AT+BAUDR=115200
++)))
++(((
  A7 02 aa: Same as  AT+PARITY=aa  (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)
++)))
++(((
  A7 03 aa: Same as  AT+STOPBIT=aa  (aa value: 00 , 01 or 02)
++)))
--==== Control output power duration ====
--User can set the output power duration before each sampling.
--* AT Command:
++== 3.6 Listening mode for RS485 network ==
--Example:
++(((
++This feature support since firmware v1.4
++)))
--AT+3V3T=1000 ~/~/ 3V3 output power will open 1s before each sampling.
++(((
++RS485-LN supports listening mode, it can listen the RS485 network packets and send them via LoRaWAN uplink. Below is the structure. The blue arrow shows the RS485 network packets to RS485-LN.
++)))
--AT+5VT=1000 ~/~/ +5V output power will open 1s before each sampling.
++[[image:image-20220602171200-8.png||height="567" width="1007"]]
++(((
++To enable the listening mode, use can run the command AT+RXMODE.
++)))
--* LoRaWAN Downlink Command:
++(((
++
++)))
--07 01 aa bb  Same as AT+5VT=(aa bb)
++(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
++|=(% style="width: 100px;" %)(((
++**Command example**
++)))|=(% style="width: 400px;" %)(((
++**Function**
++)))
++|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
++AT+RXMODE=1,10
++)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
++Enable listening mode 1, if RS485-LN has received more than 10 RS485 commands from the network. RS485-LN will send these commands via LoRaWAN uplinks.
++)))
++|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
++AT+RXMODE=2,500
++)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
++Enable listening mode 2, RS485-LN will capture and send a 500ms content once from the first detect of character. Max value is 65535 ms
++)))
++|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
++AT+RXMODE=0,0
++)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
++Disable listening mode. This is the default settings.
++)))
++|(% style="width:100px" %)(((
++
++)))|(% style="width:400px" %)(((
++A6 aa bb cc  same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)
++)))
--07 02 aa bb  Same as AT+3V3T=(aa bb)
++(((
++**Downlink Command:**
++)))
++(((
++**0xA6 aa bb cc ** same as AT+RXMODE=aa,(bb<<8 | cc)
++)))
++(((
++
++)))
++(((
++**Example**:
++)))
--1.
--11. Buttons
++(((
++The RS485-LN is set to AT+RXMODE=2,1000
++)))
--|**Button**|**Feature**
--|**RST**|Reboot RS485-BL
++(((
++There is a two Modbus commands in the RS485 network as below:
++)))
--1.
--11. +3V3 Output
++(((
++The Modbus master send a command: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b
++)))
--RS485-BL has a Controllable +3V3 output, user can use this output to power external sensor.
++(((
++And Modbus slave reply with: (% style="background-color:green" %)01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33
++)))
--The +3V3 output will be valid for every sampling. RS485-BL will enable +3V3 output before all sampling and disable the +3V3 after all sampling.
++(((
++RS485-LN will capture both and send the uplink: (% style="background-color:#ffc000" %)01 03 00 00 00 02 c4 0b  (% style="background-color:green" %)01 03 04 00 00 00 00 fa 33
++)))
++(((
++[[image:image-20220602171200-9.png]]
++)))
--The +3V3 output time can be controlled by AT Command.
++(((
++
++)))
--**AT+3V3T=1000**
++(((
++(((
++(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Listening mode can work with the default polling mode of RS485-LN. When RS485-LN is in to send the RS485 commands (from AT+COMMANDx), the listening mode will be interrupt for a while.
++)))
++)))
--Means set +3v3 valid time to have 1000ms. So, the real +3v3 output will actually have 1000ms + sampling time for other sensors.
++== 3.7 Buttons ==
--By default, the AT+3V3T=0. This is a special case, means the +3V3 output is always on at any time
++(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:430px" %)
++|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**Button**|=(% style="width: 361px;" %)**Feature**
++|(% style="width:50px" %)**ACT**|(% style="width:361px" %)If RS485 joined in network, press this button for more than 1 second, RS485 will upload a packet, and the SYS LED will give a (% style="color:blue" %)**Blue blink**
++|(% style="width:50px" %)**RST**|(% style="width:361px" %)Reboot RS485
++|(% style="width:50px" %)**PRO**|(% style="width:361px" %)Use for upload image, see [[How to Update Image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]
--1.
--11. +5V Output
++== 3.8 LEDs ==
--RS485-BL has a Controllable +5V output, user can use this output to power external sensor.
--The +5V output will be valid for every sampling. RS485-BL will enable +5V output before all sampling and disable the +5v after all sampling.
++(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:430px" %)
++|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**LEDs**|=(% style="width: 380px;" %)**Feature**
++|**PWR**|Always on if there is power
++|**SYS**|After device is powered on, the SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**fast blink in GREEN**(%%) for 5 times, means RS485-LN start to join LoRaWAN network. If join success, SYS will be (% style="color:green" %)**on GREEN for 5 seconds** (%%)**. **SYS will (% style="color:green" %)**blink Blue**(%%) on every upload and (% style="color:green" %)**blink Green**(%%) once receive a downlink message.
++= 4. Case Study =
--The 5V output time can be controlled by AT Command.
++User can check this URL for some case studies: [[APP RS485 COMMUNICATE WITH SENSORS>>doc:Main.Application Note \: Communicate with Different Sensors ----- RS485-LN  RS485-BL.WebHome]]
--**AT+5VT=1000**
--Means set 5V valid time to have 1000ms. So, the real 5V output will actually have 1000ms + sampling time for other sensors.
++= 5. Use AT Command =
++== 5.1 Access AT Command ==
--By default, the AT+5VT=0. If the external sensor which require 5v and require more time to get stable state, user can use this command to increase the power ON duration for this sensor.
++(((
++RS485-LN supports AT Command set. User can use a USB to TTL adapter plus the 3.5mm Program Cable to connect to RS485-LN to use AT command, as below.
++)))
++[[image:1654162355560-817.png]]
++(((
++In PC, User needs to set (% style="color:blue" %)**serial tool**(%%)(such as [[putty>>url:https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/latest.html]], SecureCRT) baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access to access serial console of RS485-LN. The default password is 123456. Below is the output for reference:
++)))
--1.
--11. LEDs
++[[image:1654162368066-342.png]]
--|**LEDs**|**Feature**
--|**LED1**|Blink when device transmit a packet.
--1.
--11. Switch Jumper
--
--|**Switch Jumper**|**Feature**
--|**SW1**|(((
--ISP position: Upgrade firmware via UART
--
--Flash position: Configure device, check running status.
++(((
++More detail AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LT_LoRa_IO_Controller/LT33222-L/]]
  )))
--|**SW2**|(((
--5V position: set to compatible with 5v I/O.
--3.3v position: set to compatible with 3.3v I/O.,
--)))
--+3.3V: is always ON
--+5V: Only open before every sampling. The time is by default, it is AT+5VT=0.  Max open time. 5000 ms.
++== 5.2 Common AT Command Sequence ==
--1. Case Study
++=== 5.2.1 Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308) ===
--User can check this URL for some case studies.
++If device has not joined network yet:
--[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=APP_RS485_COMMUNICATE_WITH_SENSORS>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=APP_RS485_COMMUNICATE_WITH_SENSORS]]
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++**AT+FDR**
++)))
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++**AT+NJM=0**
++)))
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++**ATZ**
++)))
--1. Use AT Command
--11. Access AT Command
++(((
++If device already joined network:
++)))
--RS485-BL supports AT Command set. User can use a USB to TTL adapter plus the 3.5mm Program Cable to connect to RS485-BL to use AT command, as below.
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++**AT+NJM=0**
++)))
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image027.png]]
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++**ATZ**
++)))
--In PC, User needs to set **serial tool**(such as [[putty>>url:https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/latest.html]], SecureCRT) baud rate to **9600** to access to access serial console of RS485-BL. The default password is 123456. Below is the output for reference:
++=== 5.5.2 Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02) ===
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.png]]
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR** (%%)      Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM=0 **(%%)Set to ABP mode
--More detail AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>path:#AT_COMMAND]]
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ADR=0** (%%)Set the Adaptive Data Rate Off
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DR=5**   (%%)Set Data Rate
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TDC=60000** (%%) Set transmit interval to 60 seconds
--1.
--11. Common AT Command Sequence
--111. Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308)
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHS=868400000**(%%) Set transmit frequency to 868.4Mhz
--If device has not joined network yet:
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2FQ=868400000** (%%) Set RX2Frequency to 868.4Mhz (according to the result from server)
--AT+FDR
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DR=5**  (%%) Set RX2DR to match the downlink DR from server. see below
--AT+NJM=0
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DADDR=26** (%%) 01 1A F1 Set Device Address to 26 01 1A F1, this ID can be found in the LoRa Server portal.
--ATZ
++(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**       (%%)   Reset MCU
--If device already joined network:
++(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
--AT+NJM=0
++(((
++(% style="color:red" %)1. Make sure the device is set to ABP mode in the IoT Server.
++2. Make sure the LG01/02 gateway RX frequency is exactly the same as AT+CHS setting.
++3. Make sure SF / bandwidth setting in LG01/LG02 match the settings of AT+DR. refer [[this link>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/&file=LoRaWAN%201.0.3%20Regional%20Parameters.xlsx]] to see what DR means.
++4. The command AT+RX2FQ and AT+RX2DR is to let downlink work. to set the correct parameters, user can check the actually downlink parameters to be used. As below. Which shows the RX2FQ should use 868400000 and RX2DR should be 5
++)))
--ATZ
++[[image:1654162478620-421.png]]
--1.
--11.
--111. Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02)
--AT+FDR   Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve
++= 6. FAQ =
--AT+NJM=0 Set to ABP mode
++== 6.1 How to upgrade the image? ==
--AT+ADR=0 Set the Adaptive Data Rate Off
++(((
++The RS485-LN LoRaWAN Controller is shipped with a 3.5mm cable, the cable is used to upload image to RS485-LN to:
++)))
--AT+DR=5  Set Data Rate
++* (((
++Support new features
++)))
++* (((
++For bug fix
++)))
++* (((
++Change LoRaWAN bands.
++)))
--AT+TDC=60000  Set transmit interval to 60 seconds
++(((
++Below shows the hardware connection for how to upload an image to RS485-LN:
++)))
--AT+CHS=868400000 Set transmit frequency to 868.4Mhz
++[[image:1654162535040-878.png]]
--AT+RX2FQ=868400000 Set RX2Frequency to 868.4Mhz (according to the result from server)
++(((
++**Step1:** Download [[flash loader>>url:https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/flasher-stm32.html]].
++)))
--AT+RX2DR=5  Set RX2DR to match the downlink DR from server. see below
++(((
++**Step2**: Download the [[LT Image files>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LT_LoRa_IO_Controller/LT33222-L/image/]].
++)))
--AT+DADDR=26 01 1A F1 Set Device Address to 26 01 1A F1, this ID can be found in the LoRa Server portal.
++(((
++**Step3: **Open flashloader; choose the correct COM port to update.
++)))
--ATZ          Reset MCU
++(((
++(((
++(((
++(% style="color:blue" %) Hold down the PRO button and then momentarily press the RST reset button and the SYS led will change from OFF to ON, While SYS LED is RED ON, it means the RS485-LN is ready to be program.
++)))
++)))
++)))
--**Note:**
--1. Make sure the device is set to ABP mode in the IoT Server.
--1. Make sure the LG01/02 gateway RX frequency is exactly the same as AT+CHS setting.
--1. Make sure SF / bandwidth setting in LG01/LG02 match the settings of AT+DR. refer [[this link>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/&file=LoRaWAN%201.0.3%20Regional%20Parameters.xlsx]] to see what DR means.
--1. The command AT+RX2FQ and AT+RX2DR is to let downlink work. to set the correct parameters, user can check the actually downlink parameters to be used. As below. Which shows the RX2FQ should use 868400000 and RX2DR should be 5
++[[image:image-20220602175818-12.png]]
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.png]]
++[[image:image-20220602175848-13.png]]
--1. FAQ
--11. How to upgrade the image?
--The RS485-BL LoRaWAN Controller is shipped with a 3.5mm cable, the cable is used to upload image to RS485-BL to:
++[[image:image-20220602175912-14.png]]
--* Support new features
--* For bug fix
--* Change LoRaWAN bands.
--Below shows the hardware connection for how to upload an image to RS485-BL:
++**Notice**: In case user has lost the program cable. User can hand made one from a 3.5mm cable. The pin mapping is:
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.png]]
++[[image:image-20220602175638-10.png]]
--**Step1:** Download [[flash loader>>url:https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/flasher-stm32.html]].
--**Step2**: Download the [[LT Image files>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LT_LoRa_IO_Controller/LT33222-L/image/]].
++== 6.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
--**Step3: **Open flashloader; choose the correct COM port to update.
++User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H6.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.
--|(((
--HOLD PRO then press the RST button, SYS will be ON, then click next
--)))
++== 6.3 How many RS485-Slave can RS485-LN connects? ==
--|(((
--Board detected
--)))
++The RS485-LN can support max 32 RS485 devices. Each uplink command of RS485-LN can support max 16 different RS485 command. So RS485-LN can support max 16 RS485 devices pre-program in the device for uplink. For other devices no pre-program, user can use the [[downlink message (type code 0xA8) to poll their info>>||anchor="H3.3.3Configurereadcommandsforeachsampling"]].
--|(((
--
--)))
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image031.png]]            [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.png]]
++== 6.4 Compatible question to ChirpStack and TTI LoRaWAN server ? ==
++When user need to use with ChirpStack or TTI. Please set AT+RPL=4.
++Detail info check this link: [[Set Packet Receiving Response Level>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.23SetPacketReceivingResponseLevel"]]
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.png]]           [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image034.png]]
++= 7. Trouble Shooting =
--[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image035.png]]   [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.png]]
++== 7.1 Downlink doesn’t work, how to solve it? ==
++Please see this link for debug: [[LoRaWAN Communication Debug>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome]]
--1.
--11. How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region?
--User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>path:#upgrade_image]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.
++== 7.2 Why I can’t join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands? ==
++It might about the channels mapping. Please see for detail: [[Notice of Frequency band>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome||anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]]
--1.
--11. How many RS485-Slave can RS485-BL connects?
++= 8. Order Info =
--The RS485-BL can support max 32 RS485 devices. Each uplink command of RS485-BL can support max 16 different RS485 command. So RS485-BL can support max 16 RS485 devices pre-program in the device for uplink. For other devices no pre-program, user can use the [[downlink message (type code 0xA8) to poll their info>>path:#downlink_A8]].
++(% style="color:blue" %)**Part Number: RS485-LN-XXX**
++(% style="color:blue" %)**XXX:**
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**EU433**(%%): frequency bands EU433
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**EU868**(%%): frequency bands EU868
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**KR920**(%%): frequency bands KR920
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**CN470**(%%): frequency bands CN470
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**AS923**(%%): frequency bands AS923
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**AU915**(%%): frequency bands AU915
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**US915**(%%): frequency bands US915
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**IN865**(%%): frequency bands IN865
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**RU864**(%%): frequency bands RU864
++* (% style="color:blue" %)**KZ865**(%%): frequency bands KZ865
++= 9.Packing Info =
--1. Trouble Shooting
--11. Downlink doesn’t work, how to solve it?
--Please see this link for debug:
++**Package Includes**:
--[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRaWAN_Communication_Debug>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRaWAN_Communication_Debug]]
++* RS485-LN x 1
++* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part x 1
++* Program cable x 1
++**Dimension and weight**:
++* Device Size: 13.5 x 7 x 3 cm
++* Device Weight: 105g
++* Package Size / pcs : 14.5 x 8 x 5 cm
++* Weight / pcs : 170g
--1.
--11. Why I can’t join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands?
++= 10. FCC Caution for RS485LN-US915 =
--It might about the channels mapping. Please see for detail.
++(((
++Any Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
++)))
--[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=LoRaWAN_Communication_Debug#Notice_of_US915.2FCN470.2FAU915_Frequency_band>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=LoRaWAN_Communication_Debug#Notice_of_US915.2FCN470.2FAU915_Frequency_band]]
++(((
++This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
++)))
++(((
++
++)))
++(((
++**IMPORTANT NOTE:**
++)))
--1. Order Info
++(((
++**Note: **This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
++)))
--**Part Number: RS485-BL-XXX**
++(((
++—Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
++)))
--**XXX:**
++(((
++—Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
++)))
--* **EU433**: frequency bands EU433
--* **EU868**: frequency bands EU868
--* **KR920**: frequency bands KR920
--* **CN470**: frequency bands CN470
--* **AS923**: frequency bands AS923
--* **AU915**: frequency bands AU915
--* **US915**: frequency bands US915
--* **IN865**: frequency bands IN865
--* **RU864**: frequency bands RU864
--* **KZ865: **frequency bands KZ865
++(((
++—Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
++)))
--1. Packing Info
++(((
++—Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
++)))
--**Package Includes**:
++(((
++
++)))
--* RS485-BL x 1
--* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part x 1
--* Program cable x 1
++(((
++**FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:**
++)))
--**Dimension and weight**:
++(((
++This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator& your body.
++)))
--* Device Size: 13.5 x 7 x 3 cm
--* Device Weight: 105g
--* Package Size / pcs : 14.5 x 8 x 5 cm
--* Weight / pcs : 170g
--1. Support
++= 11. Support =
--* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
--* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to
--
--[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]]
++* (((
++Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
++)))
++* (((
++Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].
++)))

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