Changes for page RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Last modified by Karry Zhuang on 2025/03/06 16:34
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... ... @@ -76,8 +76,6 @@ 76 76 * Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC. 77 77 * Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC. 78 78 79 - 80 - 81 81 == 1.3 Features == 82 82 83 83 * LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class C) ... ... @@ -89,8 +89,6 @@ 89 89 * Support Modbus protocol 90 90 * Support Interrupt uplink (Since hardware version v1.2) 91 91 92 - 93 - 94 94 == 1.4 Applications == 95 95 96 96 * Smart Buildings & Home Automation ... ... @@ -100,8 +100,6 @@ 100 100 * Smart Cities 101 101 * Smart Factory 102 102 103 - 104 - 105 105 == 1.5 Firmware Change log == 106 106 107 107 [[RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/]] ... ... @@ -142,6 +142,8 @@ 142 142 143 143 ((( 144 144 The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA. 139 + 140 + 145 145 ))) 146 146 147 147 == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network == ... ... @@ -150,10 +150,15 @@ 150 150 151 151 [[image:1653268155545-638.png||height="334" width="724"]] 152 152 149 + 153 153 ((( 151 +((( 154 154 The RS485-LN in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other RS485 devices via the same method. The connection is as below: 153 +))) 155 155 155 +((( 156 156 485A+ and 485B- of the sensor are connected to RS485A and RA485B of RS485-LN respectively. 157 +))) 157 157 158 158 [[image:1653268227651-549.png||height="592" width="720"]] 159 159 ... ... @@ -205,6 +205,7 @@ 205 205 206 206 [[image:1652953568895-172.png||height="232" width="724"]] 207 207 209 + 208 208 == 3.3 Configure Commands to read data == 209 209 210 210 ((( ... ... @@ -214,6 +214,8 @@ 214 214 215 215 ((( 216 216 (% style="color:red" %)Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please check the [[user manual v1.0>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/&file=RS485-LN_UserManual_v1.0.1.pdf]] or upgrade the firmware to v1.1 219 + 220 + 217 217 ))) 218 218 ))) 219 219 ... ... @@ -221,19 +221,19 @@ 221 221 222 222 To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. And user need to make sure RS485-LN use the match UART setting to access the sensors. The related commands for UART settings are: 223 223 224 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:7 95px" %)225 -|((( 228 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:782px" %) 229 +|(% style="width:128px" %)((( 226 226 **AT Commands** 227 -)))|(% style="width: 285px" %)(((231 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)((( 228 228 **Description** 229 -)))|(% style="width:34 7px" %)(((233 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)((( 230 230 **Example** 231 231 ))) 232 -|((( 236 +|(% style="width:128px" %)((( 233 233 AT+BAUDR 234 -)))|(% style="width: 285px" %)(((238 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)((( 235 235 Set the baud rate (for RS485 connection). Default Value is: 9600. 236 -)))|(% style="width:34 7px" %)(((240 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)((( 237 237 ((( 238 238 AT+BAUDR=9600 239 239 ))) ... ... @@ -242,11 +242,11 @@ 242 242 Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200) 243 243 ))) 244 244 ))) 245 -|((( 249 +|(% style="width:128px" %)((( 246 246 AT+PARITY 247 -)))|(% style="width: 285px" %)(((251 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)((( 248 248 Set UART parity (for RS485 connection) 249 -)))|(% style="width:34 7px" %)(((253 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)((( 250 250 ((( 251 251 AT+PARITY=0 252 252 ))) ... ... @@ -255,9 +255,9 @@ 255 255 Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity 256 256 ))) 257 257 ))) 258 -|((( 262 +|(% style="width:128px" %)((( 259 259 AT+STOPBIT 260 -)))|(% style="width: 285px" %)(((264 +)))|(% style="width:305px" %)((( 261 261 ((( 262 262 Set serial stopbit (for RS485 connection) 263 263 ))) ... ... @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ 265 265 ((( 266 266 267 267 ))) 268 -)))|(% style="width:34 7px" %)(((272 +)))|(% style="width:346px" %)((( 269 269 ((( 270 270 AT+STOPBIT=0 for 1bit 271 271 ))) ... ... @@ -300,77 +300,34 @@ 300 300 === 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling === 301 301 302 302 ((( 303 -RS485-BL is a battery powered device; it will sleep most of time. And wake up on each period and read RS485 / TTL sensor data and uplink. 304 -))) 307 +During each sampling, we need confirm what commands we need to send to the RS485 sensors to read data. After the RS485 sensors send back the value, it normally include some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload. 305 305 306 -((( 307 -During each sampling, we need to confirm what commands we need to send to the sensors to read data. After the RS485/TTL sensors send back the value, it normally includes some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload. 308 -))) 309 - 310 -((( 311 311 To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their valid value into a short payload. 312 -))) 313 313 314 -((( 315 315 This section describes how to achieve above goals. 316 -))) 317 317 318 -((( 319 -During each sampling, the RS485-BL can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads. 320 -))) 313 +During each sampling, the RS485-LN can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads. 321 321 322 -((( 323 -**Command from RS485-BL to Sensor:** 324 -))) 325 325 326 -((( 327 -RS485-BL can send out pre-set max 15 strings via **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF** . All commands are of same grammar. 328 -))) 316 +**Each RS485 commands include two parts:** 329 329 330 -((( 331 -**Handle return from sensors to RS485-BL**: 332 -))) 318 +~1. What commands RS485-LN will send to the RS485 sensors. There are total 15 commands from **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF**. All commands are of same grammar. 333 333 334 -((( 335 -After RS485-BL send out a string to sensor, RS485-BL will wait for the return from RS485 or TTL sensor. And user can specify how to handle the return, by **AT+DATACUT or AT+SEARCH commands** 336 -))) 320 +2. How to get wanted value the from RS485 sensors returns from by 1). There are total 15 AT Commands to handle the return, commands are **AT+DATACUT1**,**AT+DATACUT2**,…, **AT+DATACUTF** corresponding to the commands from 1). All commands are of same grammar. 337 337 338 -* ((( 339 -**AT+DATACUT** 340 -))) 322 +3. Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example **AT+CMDDL1=1000** to send the open time to 1000ms 341 341 342 -((( 343 -When the return value from sensor have fix length and we know which position the valid value we should get, we can use AT+DATACUT command. 344 -))) 345 345 346 -* ((( 347 -**AT+SEARCH** 348 -))) 349 - 350 -((( 351 -When the return value from sensor is dynamic length and we are not sure which bytes the valid data is, instead, we know what value the valid value following. We can use AT+SEARCH to search the valid value in the return string. 352 -))) 353 - 354 -((( 355 -**Define wait timeout:** 356 -))) 357 - 358 -((( 359 -Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example, AT+CMDDL1=1000 to send the open time to 1000ms 360 -))) 361 - 362 -((( 363 363 After we got the valid value from each RS485 commands, we need to combine them together with the command **AT+DATAUP**. 364 -))) 365 365 366 -**Examples:** 367 367 368 368 Below are examples for the how above AT Commands works. 369 369 370 -**AT+COMMANDx : **This command will be sent to RS485/TTL devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is: 371 371 372 -(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %) 373 -|((( 331 +**AT+COMMANDx : **This command will be sent to RS485 devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is: 332 + 333 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:499px" %) 334 +|(% style="width:496px" %)((( 374 374 **AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m** 375 375 376 376 **xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx: The RS485 command to be sent** ... ... @@ -378,49 +378,15 @@ 378 378 **m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command** 379 379 ))) 380 380 381 -((( 382 382 For example, if we have a RS485 sensor. The command to get sensor value is: 01 03 0B B8 00 02 46 0A. Where 01 03 0B B8 00 02 is the Modbus command to read the register 0B B8 where stored the sensor value. The 46 0A is the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually. 383 -))) 384 384 385 -((( 386 -In the RS485-BL, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same. 387 -))) 344 +In the RS485-LN, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same. 388 388 389 -((( 390 -**AT+SEARCHx**: This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx. 391 -))) 392 392 393 -(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %) 394 -|((( 395 -**AT+SEARCHx=aa,xx xx xx xx xx** 396 - 397 -* **aa: 1: prefix match mode; 2: prefix and suffix match mode** 398 -* **xx xx xx xx xx: match string. Max 5 bytes for prefix and 5 bytes for suffix** 399 - 400 - 401 -))) 402 - 403 -**Examples:** 404 - 405 -~1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 406 - 407 -If we set AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34. (max 5 bytes for prefix) 408 - 409 -The valid data will be all bytes after 1E 56 34 , so it is (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49** 410 - 411 -[[image:1653269403619-508.png]] 412 - 413 -2. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 414 - 415 -If we set AT+SEARCH1=2, 1E 56 34+31 00 49 416 - 417 -Device will search the bytes between 1E 56 34 and 31 00 49. So it is (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30** 418 - 419 -[[image:1653269438444-278.png]] 420 - 421 421 **AT+DATACUTx : **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 45 bytes. 422 422 423 -|((( 349 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:725px" %) 350 +|(% style="width:722px" %)((( 424 424 **AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c** 425 425 426 426 * **a: length for the return of AT+COMMAND** ... ... @@ -428,48 +428,37 @@ 428 428 * **c: define the position for valid value. ** 429 429 ))) 430 430 431 -Examples: 358 +**Examples:** 432 432 433 433 * Grab bytes: 434 434 435 -[[image: 1653269551753-223.png||height="311" width="717"]]362 +[[image:image-20220602153621-1.png]] 436 436 364 + 437 437 * Grab a section. 438 438 439 -[[image: 1653269568276-930.png||height="325" width="718"]]367 +[[image:image-20220602153621-2.png]] 440 440 369 + 441 441 * Grab different sections. 442 442 443 -[[image: 1653269593172-426.png||height="303" width="725"]]372 +[[image:image-20220602153621-3.png]] 444 444 445 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note:** 374 + 375 +))) 446 446 447 -AT+SEARCHx and AT+DATACUTx can be used together, if both commands are set, RS485-BL will first process AT+SEARCHx on the return string and get a temporary string, and then process AT+DATACUTx on this temporary string to get the final payload. In this case, AT+DATACUTx need to set to format AT+DATACUTx=0,xx,xx where the return bytes set to 0. 448 - 449 -Example: 450 - 451 -(% style="color:red" %)AT+COMMAND1=11 01 1E D0,0 452 - 453 -(% style="color:red" %)AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34 454 - 455 -(% style="color:red" %)AT+DATACUT1=0,2,1~~5 456 - 457 -(% style="color:red" %)Return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 458 - 459 -(% style="color:red" %)String after SEARCH command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 460 - 461 -(% style="color:red" %)Valid payload after DataCUT command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 462 - 463 -[[image:1653269618463-608.png]] 464 - 465 465 === 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload === 466 466 467 467 ((( 468 468 Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.** 381 + 382 + 469 469 ))) 470 470 471 471 ((( 472 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0** 386 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0** 387 + 388 + 473 473 ))) 474 474 475 475 ((( ... ... @@ -490,8 +490,10 @@ 490 490 491 491 [[image:1653269759169-150.png||height="513" width="716"]] 492 492 493 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1** 494 494 410 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1** 411 + 412 + 495 495 Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**. 496 496 497 497 Final Payload is ... ... @@ -498,138 +498,98 @@ 498 498 499 499 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA** 500 500 501 -1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage 502 -1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER 503 -1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling. 504 -1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT) 505 -1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes 419 +1. PAYVER: Defined by AT+PAYVER 420 +1. PAYLOAD COUNT: Total how many uplinks of this sampling. 421 +1. PAYLOAD#: Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT) 422 +1. DATA: Valid value: max 8 bytes for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 8 bytes 506 506 507 -[[image: 1653269916228-732.png||height="433" width="711"]]424 +[[image:image-20220602155039-4.png]] 508 508 509 509 510 -So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink include s6bytes DATA427 +So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink include 8 bytes DATA 511 511 512 -DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value =(% style="background-color:green;color:white"%)20 20 0a 33 90 41429 +DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value + the first two of Valid value of RETURN10= **20 20 0a 33 90 41 02 aa** 513 513 514 -DATA2= 1^^st^^ ~~6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10=(%style="background-color:green;color:white"%)02aa05810a20431 +DATA2=3^^rd^^ ~~ 10^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= **05 81 0a 20 20 20 20 2d** 515 515 516 -DATA3= 7^^th^^~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10(%style="background-color:green; color:white" %)20 20 20 2d30433 +DATA3=the rest of Valid value of RETURN10= **30** 517 517 518 -Below are the uplink payloads: 519 519 520 - [[image:1653270130359-810.png]]436 +(% style="color:red" %)Notice: In firmware v1.3, the Max bytes has been changed according to the max bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below: 521 521 438 + ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink. 522 522 523 - (%style="color:red"%)**Notice:theMaxbytes is accordingto the maxsupportbytesin differentFrequencyBands forlowest SF.As below:**440 + * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 11 bytes for each uplink. 524 524 525 - ~*AU915/AS923bands,if UplinkDwell time=0, max51 bytes( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)442 + * For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink. 526 526 527 - * AU915/AS923bands,if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11bytes for each uplink( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).444 + ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink. 528 528 529 - * For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date). 530 530 531 - ~* Forallotherbands: max 51 bytes for eachuplink( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).447 +Below are the uplink payloads: 532 532 449 +[[image:1654157178836-407.png]] 450 + 451 + 533 533 === 3.3.5 Uplink on demand === 534 534 535 -Except uplink periodically, RS485- BL is able to uplink on demand. The server sendsdownlink command to RS485-BL and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.454 +Except uplink periodically, RS485-LN is able to uplink on demand. The server send downlink command to RS485-LN and RS485 will uplink data base on the command. 536 536 537 537 Downlink control command: 538 538 539 - [[0x08 command>>path:#downlink_08]]:Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.458 +**0x08 command**: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-LN. 540 540 541 - [[0xA8 command>>path:#downlink_A8]]:Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.460 +**0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-LN and uplink the output from sensors. 542 542 543 543 544 544 545 -1. 546 -11. 547 -111. Uplink on Interrupt 464 +=== 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt === 548 548 549 - Put theinterruptsensorbetween3.3v_outand GPIOext.[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]466 +RS485-LN support external Interrupt uplink since hardware v1.2 release. 550 550 551 - AT+INTMOD=0 DisableInterrupt468 +[[image:1654157342174-798.png]] 552 552 553 - AT+INTMOD=1Interrupt triggerbyrising orfallingedge.470 +Connect the Interrupt pin to RS485-LN INT port and connect the GND pin to V- port. When there is a high voltage (Max 24v) on INT pin. Device will send an uplink packet. 554 554 555 -AT+INTMOD=2 Interrupt trigger by falling edge. ( Default Value) 556 556 557 - AT+INTMOD=3Interrupt trigger by risingedge.473 +== 3.4 Uplink Payload == 558 558 559 - 560 -1. 561 -11. Uplink Payload 562 - 563 -|**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands** 564 -|Value|((( 475 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4bacc6; color:white; width:734px" %) 476 +|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:120px" %)**2**|(% style="width:116px" %)**1**|(% style="width:386px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands** 477 +|Value|(% style="width:120px" %)((( 565 565 Battery(mV) 566 566 567 567 & 568 568 569 569 Interrupt _Flag 570 -)))|((( 483 +)))|(% style="width:116px" %)((( 571 571 PAYLOAD_VER 572 572 573 573 574 -)))|If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server. 487 +)))|(% style="width:386px" %)If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server. 575 575 576 576 Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors. 577 577 578 578 579 -fu nctionDecoder(bytes,port){492 +== 3.5 Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink == 580 580 581 - ~/~/Payload Formatsof RS485-BL Deceive494 +User can configure RS485-LN via AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands 582 582 583 -re turn{496 +There are two kinds of Commands: 584 584 585 - ~/~/Battery,units:V498 +* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Common Commands**(%%): They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]] 586 586 587 - BatV:((bytes[0]<<8|bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000,500 +* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Sensor Related Commands**(%%): These commands are special designed for RS485-LN. User can see these commands below: 588 588 589 - ~/~/GPIO_EXTI 590 590 591 - EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE", 592 592 593 - ~/~/payloadofversion504 +=== 3.5.1 Common Commands === 594 594 595 - Pay_ver:bytes[2],506 +They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]] 596 596 597 - }; 598 598 599 - }509 +=== 3.5.2 Sensor related commands: === 600 600 601 - 602 - 603 - 604 - 605 - 606 - 607 -TTN V3 uplink screen shot. 608 - 609 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]] 610 - 611 -1. 612 -11. Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink 613 - 614 -User can configure RS485-BL via [[AT Commands >>path:#_Using_the_AT]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands 615 - 616 -There are two kinds of Commands: 617 - 618 -* **Common Commands**: They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: http:~/~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands 619 - 620 -* **Sensor Related Commands**: These commands are special designed for RS485-BL. User can see these commands below: 621 - 622 -1. 623 -11. 624 -111. Common Commands: 625 - 626 -They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands]] 627 - 628 - 629 -1. 630 -11. 631 -111. Sensor related commands: 632 - 633 633 ==== Choose Device Type (RS485 or TTL) ==== 634 634 635 635 RS485-BL can connect to either RS485 sensors or TTL sensor. User need to specify what type of sensor need to connect.
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