Last modified by Karry Zhuang on 2025/03/06 16:34
<
From version < 29.1 >
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on 2022/05/23 09:35
To version < 15.5 >
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Title
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1 -RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter
1 +RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter
Content
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1 1  (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 -[[image:1653266934636-343.png||height="385" width="385"]]
2 +[[image:1652947681187-144.png||height="385" width="385"]]
3 3  
4 4  
5 5  
6 -**RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
7 7  
7 +**RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
8 8  
9 +
9 9  **Table of Contents:**
10 10  
11 11  
... ... @@ -14,28 +14,42 @@
14 14  
15 15  = 1.Introduction =
16 16  
17 -== 1.1 What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
18 +== 1.1 What is RS485-BL RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
18 18  
19 19  (((
21 +
22 +)))
23 +
20 20  (((
21 -The Dragino RS485-LN is a RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter. It converts the RS485 signal into LoRaWAN wireless signal which simplify the IoT installation and reduce the installation/maintaining cost.
25 +The Dragino RS485-BL is a **RS485 / UART to LoRaWAN Converter** for Internet of Things solutions. User can connect RS485 or UART sensor to RS485-BL converter, and configure RS485-BL to periodically read sensor data and upload via LoRaWAN network to IoT server.
22 22  )))
23 23  
24 24  (((
25 -RS485-LN allows user to monitor / control RS485 devices and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, smartphone detection, building automation, and so on.
29 +RS485-BL can interface to RS485 sensor, 3.3v/5v UART sensor or interrupt sensor. RS485-BL provides **a 3.3v output** and** a 5v output** to power external sensors. Both output voltages are controllable to minimize the total system power consumption.
26 26  )))
27 27  
28 28  (((
29 -For data uplink, RS485-LN sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485 devices. RS485-LN will process these returns according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to LoRaWAN server.
33 +RS485-BL is IP67 **waterproof** and powered by **8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**, it is designed for long term use for several years.
30 30  )))
31 31  
32 32  (((
33 -For data downlink, RS485-LN runs in LoRaWAN Class C. When there downlink commands from LoRaWAN server, RS485-LN will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.
37 +RS485-BL runs standard **LoRaWAN 1.0.3 in Class A**. It can reach long transfer range and easy to integrate with LoRaWAN compatible gateway and IoT server.
34 34  )))
39 +
40 +(((
41 +For data uplink, RS485-BL sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485 devices. RS485-BL will process these returns data according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to LoRaWAN server.
35 35  )))
36 36  
37 -[[image:1653267211009-519.png||height="419" width="724"]]
44 +(((
45 +For data downlink, RS485-BL runs in LoRaWAN Class A. When there is downlink commands from LoRaWAN server, RS485-BL will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.
46 +)))
38 38  
48 +(((
49 +Each RS485-BL pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registration, register these keys to LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
50 +)))
51 +
52 +[[image:1652953304999-717.png||height="424" width="733"]]
53 +
39 39  == 1.2 Specifications ==
40 40  
41 41  **Hardware System:**
... ... @@ -43,15 +43,19 @@
43 43  * STM32L072CZT6 MCU
44 44  * SX1276/78 Wireless Chip 
45 45  * Power Consumption (exclude RS485 device):
46 -** Idle: 32mA@12v
61 +** Idle: 6uA@3.3v
47 47  
48 48  *
49 -** 20dB Transmit: 65mA@12v
64 +** 20dB Transmit: 130mA@3.3v
50 50  
51 51  **Interface for Model:**
52 52  
53 -* RS485
54 -* Power Input 7~~ 24V DC. 
68 +* 1 x RS485 Interface
69 +* 1 x TTL Serial , 3.3v or 5v.
70 +* 1 x I2C Interface, 3.3v or 5v.
71 +* 1 x one wire interface
72 +* 1 x Interrupt Interface
73 +* 1 x Controllable 5V output, max
55 55  
56 56  **LoRa Spec:**
57 57  
... ... @@ -60,30 +60,27 @@
60 60  ** Band 2 (LF): 410 ~~ 528 Mhz
61 61  * 168 dB maximum link budget.
62 62  * +20 dBm - 100 mW constant RF output vs.
63 -* +14 dBm high efficiency PA.
64 64  * Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps.
65 65  * High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm.
66 66  * Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -12.5 dBm.
67 67  * Excellent blocking immunity.
68 -* Low RX current of 10.3 mA, 200 nA register retention.
69 69  * Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz.
70 -* FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK modulation.
87 +* LoRa modulation.
71 71  * Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery.
72 72  * Preamble detection.
73 73  * 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.
74 -* Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.
75 -* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC.
91 +* Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC. ​​​
76 76  
77 77  == 1.3 Features ==
78 78  
79 -* LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class C)
95 +* LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class A)
80 80  * Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865/RU864
81 81  * AT Commands to change parameters
82 -* Remote configure parameters via LoRa Downlink
98 +* Remote configure parameters via LoRaWAN Downlink
83 83  * Firmware upgradable via program port
84 84  * Support multiply RS485 devices by flexible rules
85 85  * Support Modbus protocol
86 -* Support Interrupt uplink (Since hardware version v1.2)
102 +* Support Interrupt uplink
87 87  
88 88  == 1.4 Applications ==
89 89  
... ... @@ -96,39 +96,53 @@
96 96  
97 97  == 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
98 98  
99 -[[RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/]]
115 +[[RS485-BL Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/RS485-BL/Firmware/||style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"]]
100 100  
101 101  == 1.6 Hardware Change log ==
102 102  
103 103  (((
120 +v1.4
121 +)))
122 +
104 104  (((
105 -v1.2: Add External Interrupt Pin.
124 +~1. Change Power IC to TPS22916
125 +)))
106 106  
107 -v1.0: Release
127 +
128 +(((
129 +v1.3
108 108  )))
131 +
132 +(((
133 +~1. Change JP3 from KF350-8P to KF350-11P, Add one extra interface for I2C and one extra interface for one-wire
109 109  )))
110 110  
111 -= 2. Power ON Device =
112 112  
113 113  (((
114 -The RS485-LN can be powered by 7 ~~ 24V DC power source. Connection as below
138 +v1.2
139 +)))
115 115  
116 -* Power Source VIN to RS485-LN VIN+
117 -* Power Source GND to RS485-LN VIN-
118 -
119 119  (((
120 -Once there is power, the RS485-LN will be on.
142 +Release version ​​​​​
121 121  )))
122 122  
123 -[[image:1653268091319-405.png]]
145 += 2. Pin mapping and Power ON Device =
146 +
147 +(((
148 +The RS485-BL is powered on by 8500mAh battery. To save battery life, RS485-BL is shipped with power off. User can put the jumper to power on RS485-BL.
124 124  )))
125 125  
151 +[[image:1652953055962-143.png||height="387" width="728"]]
152 +
153 +
154 +The Left TXD and RXD are TTL interface for external sensor. TTL level is controlled by 3.3/5v Jumper.
155 +
126 126  = 3. Operation Mode =
127 127  
128 128  == 3.1 How it works? ==
129 129  
130 130  (((
131 -The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
161 +The RS485-BL is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-BL. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
132 132  )))
133 133  
134 134  == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ==
... ... @@ -135,32 +135,27 @@
135 135  
136 136  Here shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 Network. Below is the network structure, we use [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]] as LoRaWAN gateway here. 
137 137  
138 -[[image:1653268155545-638.png||height="334" width="724"]]
168 +[[image:1652953414711-647.png||height="337" width="723"]]
139 139  
140 140  (((
141 -The RS485-LN in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other RS485 devices via the same method. The connection is as below:
171 +The RS485-BL in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other RS485 devices via the same method.
172 +)))
142 142  
143 -485A+ and 485B- of the sensor are connected to RS485A and RA485B of RS485-LN respectively.
144 -
145 -[[image:1653268227651-549.png||height="592" width="720"]]
146 -
147 147  (((
148 -The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>path:eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
175 +The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
149 149  )))
150 150  
151 151  (((
152 -**Step 1**: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-LN.
179 +**Step 1**: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-BL.
153 153  )))
154 154  
155 155  (((
156 -Each RS485-LN is shipped with a sticker with unique device EUI:
183 +Each RS485-BL is shipped with a sticker with unique device EUI:
157 157  )))
158 -)))
159 159  
160 160  [[image:1652953462722-299.png]]
161 161  
162 162  (((
163 -(((
164 164  User can enter this key in their LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
165 165  )))
166 166  
... ... @@ -167,11 +167,13 @@
167 167  (((
168 168  Add APP EUI in the application.
169 169  )))
170 -)))
171 171  
196 +
197 +
198 +
172 172  [[image:image-20220519174512-1.png]]
173 173  
174 -[[image:image-20220519174512-2.png||height="323" width="720"]]
201 +[[image:image-20220519174512-2.png||height="328" width="731"]]
175 175  
176 176  [[image:image-20220519174512-3.png||height="556" width="724"]]
177 177  
... ... @@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
187 187  
188 188  
189 189  (((
190 -**Step 2**: Power on RS485-LN and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
217 +**Step 2**: Power on RS485-BL and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
191 191  )))
192 192  
193 193  [[image:1652953568895-172.png||height="232" width="724"]]
... ... @@ -195,19 +195,23 @@
195 195  == 3.3 Configure Commands to read data ==
196 196  
197 197  (((
198 -(((
199 -There are plenty of RS485 devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands>>path:#AT_COMMAND]] or LoRaWAN Downlink Command to configure what commands RS485-LN should send for each sampling and how to handle the return from RS485 devices.
225 +There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>path:#AT_COMMAND]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
200 200  )))
201 201  
202 -(((
203 -(% style="color:red" %)Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please check the [[user manual v1.0>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/&file=RS485-LN_UserManual_v1.0.1.pdf]] or upgrade the firmware to v1.1
204 -)))
205 -)))
206 -
207 207  === 3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication ===
208 208  
209 -To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. And user need to make sure RS485-LN use the match UART setting to access the sensors. The related commands for UART settings are:
230 +RS485-BL can connect to either RS485 sensors or TTL sensor. User need to specify what type of sensor need to connect.
210 210  
232 +**~1. RS485-MODBUS mode:**
233 +
234 +AT+MOD=1 ~/~/ Support RS485-MODBUS type sensors. User can connect multiply RS485 , Modbus sensors to the A / B pins.
235 +
236 +**2. TTL mode:**
237 +
238 +AT+MOD=2 ~/~/ Support TTL Level sensors, User can connect one TTL Sensor to the TXD/RXD/GND pins.
239 +
240 +RS485-BL default UART settings is **9600, no parity, stop bit 1**. If the sensor has a different settings, user can change the RS485-BL setting to match.
241 +
211 211  (% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:795px" %)
212 212  |(((
213 213  **AT Commands**
... ... @@ -232,7 +232,13 @@
232 232  |(((
233 233  AT+PARITY
234 234  )))|(% style="width:285px" %)(((
266 +(((
235 235  Set UART parity (for RS485 connection)
268 +)))
269 +
270 +(((
271 +Default Value is: no parity.
272 +)))
236 236  )))|(% style="width:347px" %)(((
237 237  (((
238 238  AT+PARITY=0
... ... @@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
250 250  )))
251 251  
252 252  (((
253 -
290 +Default Value is: 1bit.
254 254  )))
255 255  )))|(% style="width:347px" %)(((
256 256  (((
... ... @@ -266,97 +266,87 @@
266 266  )))
267 267  )))
268 268  
269 -=== 3.3.2 Configure sensors ===
270 270  
271 -(((
272 -(((
273 -Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC and RS485 adapter or through RS485-LN AT Commands (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**(%%). Each (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV **(%%)equals to send a RS485 command to sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won’t run during each sampling.
274 -)))
275 -)))
276 276  
277 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:806px" %)
278 -|**AT Commands**|(% style="width:418px" %)**Description**|(% style="width:256px" %)**Example**
279 -|AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:418px" %)(((
308 +
309 +1.
310 +11.
311 +111. Configure sensors
312 +
313 +Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC or through RS485-BL AT Commands AT+CFGDEV.
314 +
315 +
316 +When user issue an AT+CFGDEV command, Each AT+CFGDEV equals to send a command to the RS485 or TTL sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won’t run during each sampling.
317 +
318 +|**AT Commands**|**Description**|**Example**
319 +|AT+CFGDEV|(((
280 280  This command is used to configure the RS485/TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
281 281  
282 -AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,
322 +AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
283 283  
284 -mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
285 -)))|(% style="width:256px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
324 +m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
325 +)))|AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
286 286  
287 -=== 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
327 +Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>path:#AT_CFGDEV]].
288 288  
289 -(((
329 +
330 +
331 +
332 +
333 +1.
334 +11.
335 +111. Configure read commands for each sampling
336 +
290 290  RS485-BL is a battery powered device; it will sleep most of time. And wake up on each period and read RS485 / TTL sensor data and uplink.
291 -)))
292 292  
293 -(((
339 +
294 294  During each sampling, we need to confirm what commands we need to send to the sensors to read data. After the RS485/TTL sensors send back the value, it normally includes some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload.
295 -)))
296 296  
297 -(((
342 +
298 298  To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their valid value into a short payload.
299 -)))
300 300  
301 -(((
345 +
302 302  This section describes how to achieve above goals.
303 -)))
304 304  
305 -(((
348 +
306 306  During each sampling, the RS485-BL can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads.
307 -)))
308 308  
309 -(((
351 +
310 310  **Command from RS485-BL to Sensor:**
311 -)))
312 312  
313 -(((
314 314  RS485-BL can send out pre-set max 15 strings via **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF** . All commands are of same grammar.
315 -)))
316 316  
317 -(((
356 +
318 318  **Handle return from sensors to RS485-BL**:
319 -)))
320 320  
321 -(((
322 322  After RS485-BL send out a string to sensor, RS485-BL will wait for the return from RS485 or TTL sensor. And user can specify how to handle the return, by **AT+DATACUT or AT+SEARCH commands**
323 -)))
324 324  
325 -* (((
326 -**AT+DATACUT**
327 -)))
328 328  
329 -(((
362 +* **AT+DATACUT**
363 +
330 330  When the return value from sensor have fix length and we know which position the valid value we should get, we can use AT+DATACUT command.
331 -)))
332 332  
333 -* (((
334 -**AT+SEARCH**
335 -)))
336 336  
337 -(((
367 +* **AT+SEARCH**
368 +
338 338  When the return value from sensor is dynamic length and we are not sure which bytes the valid data is, instead, we know what value the valid value following. We can use AT+SEARCH to search the valid value in the return string.
339 -)))
340 340  
341 -(((
371 +
342 342  **Define wait timeout:**
343 -)))
344 344  
345 -(((
346 346  Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example, AT+CMDDL1=1000 to send the open time to 1000ms
347 -)))
348 348  
349 -(((
376 +
350 350  After we got the valid value from each RS485 commands, we need to combine them together with the command **AT+DATAUP**.
351 -)))
352 352  
379 +
353 353  **Examples:**
354 354  
355 355  Below are examples for the how above AT Commands works.
356 356  
384 +
357 357  **AT+COMMANDx : **This command will be sent to RS485/TTL devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is:
358 358  
359 -(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %)
360 360  |(((
361 361  **AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**
362 362  
... ... @@ -369,9 +369,9 @@
369 369  
370 370  In the RS485-BL, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same.
371 371  
399 +
372 372  **AT+SEARCHx**: This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx.
373 373  
374 -(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %)
375 375  |(((
376 376  **AT+SEARCHx=aa,xx xx xx xx xx**
377 377  
... ... @@ -389,7 +389,7 @@
389 389  
390 390  The valid data will be all bytes after 1E 56 34 , so it is 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
391 391  
392 -[[image:1652954654347-831.png]]
419 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.png]]
393 393  
394 394  
395 395  1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
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