Last modified by Karry Zhuang on 2025/03/06 16:34
<
From version < 22.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/23 09:11
To version < 15.5 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/19 17:52
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Title
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1 -RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter
1 +RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter
Content
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1 1  (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 -[[image:1653266934636-343.png||height="385" width="385"]]
2 +[[image:1652947681187-144.png||height="385" width="385"]]
3 3  
4 4  
5 5  
6 -**RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
7 7  
7 +**RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
8 8  
9 +
9 9  **Table of Contents:**
10 10  
11 11  
... ... @@ -14,44 +14,62 @@
14 14  
15 15  = 1.Introduction =
16 16  
17 -== 1.1 What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
18 +== 1.1 What is RS485-BL RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
18 18  
19 19  (((
21 +
22 +)))
23 +
20 20  (((
21 -The Dragino RS485-LN is a RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter. It converts the RS485 signal into LoRaWAN wireless signal which simplify the IoT installation and reduce the installation/maintaining cost.
25 +The Dragino RS485-BL is a **RS485 / UART to LoRaWAN Converter** for Internet of Things solutions. User can connect RS485 or UART sensor to RS485-BL converter, and configure RS485-BL to periodically read sensor data and upload via LoRaWAN network to IoT server.
22 22  )))
23 23  
24 24  (((
25 -RS485-LN allows user to monitor / control RS485 devices and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, smartphone detection, building automation, and so on.
29 +RS485-BL can interface to RS485 sensor, 3.3v/5v UART sensor or interrupt sensor. RS485-BL provides **a 3.3v output** and** a 5v output** to power external sensors. Both output voltages are controllable to minimize the total system power consumption.
26 26  )))
27 27  
28 28  (((
29 -For data uplink, RS485-LN sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485 devices. RS485-LN will process these returns according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to LoRaWAN server.
33 +RS485-BL is IP67 **waterproof** and powered by **8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**, it is designed for long term use for several years.
30 30  )))
31 31  
32 32  (((
33 -For data downlink, RS485-LN runs in LoRaWAN Class C. When there downlink commands from LoRaWAN server, RS485-LN will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.
37 +RS485-BL runs standard **LoRaWAN 1.0.3 in Class A**. It can reach long transfer range and easy to integrate with LoRaWAN compatible gateway and IoT server.
34 34  )))
39 +
40 +(((
41 +For data uplink, RS485-BL sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485 devices. RS485-BL will process these returns data according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to LoRaWAN server.
35 35  )))
36 36  
37 -[[image:1653267211009-519.png||height="419" width="724"]]
44 +(((
45 +For data downlink, RS485-BL runs in LoRaWAN Class A. When there is downlink commands from LoRaWAN server, RS485-BL will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.
46 +)))
38 38  
48 +(((
49 +Each RS485-BL pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registration, register these keys to LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
50 +)))
51 +
52 +[[image:1652953304999-717.png||height="424" width="733"]]
53 +
39 39  == 1.2 Specifications ==
40 40  
41 41  **Hardware System:**
42 42  
43 43  * STM32L072CZT6 MCU
44 -* SX1276/78 Wireless Chip
59 +* SX1276/78 Wireless Chip 
45 45  * Power Consumption (exclude RS485 device):
46 -** Idle: 32mA@12v
61 +** Idle: 6uA@3.3v
47 47  
48 -*
49 -** 20dB Transmit: 65mA@12v
63 +*
64 +** 20dB Transmit: 130mA@3.3v
50 50  
51 51  **Interface for Model:**
52 52  
53 -* RS485
54 -* Power Input 7~~ 24V DC.
68 +* 1 x RS485 Interface
69 +* 1 x TTL Serial , 3.3v or 5v.
70 +* 1 x I2C Interface, 3.3v or 5v.
71 +* 1 x one wire interface
72 +* 1 x Interrupt Interface
73 +* 1 x Controllable 5V output, max
55 55  
56 56  **LoRa Spec:**
57 57  
... ... @@ -60,30 +60,27 @@
60 60  ** Band 2 (LF): 410 ~~ 528 Mhz
61 61  * 168 dB maximum link budget.
62 62  * +20 dBm - 100 mW constant RF output vs.
63 -* +14 dBm high efficiency PA.
64 64  * Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps.
65 65  * High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm.
66 66  * Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -12.5 dBm.
67 67  * Excellent blocking immunity.
68 -* Low RX current of 10.3 mA, 200 nA register retention.
69 69  * Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz.
70 -* FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK modulation.
87 +* LoRa modulation.
71 71  * Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery.
72 72  * Preamble detection.
73 73  * 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.
74 -* Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.
75 -* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC.
91 +* Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC. ​​​
76 76  
77 77  == 1.3 Features ==
78 78  
79 -* LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class C)
95 +* LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class A)
80 80  * Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865/RU864
81 81  * AT Commands to change parameters
82 -* Remote configure parameters via LoRa Downlink
98 +* Remote configure parameters via LoRaWAN Downlink
83 83  * Firmware upgradable via program port
84 84  * Support multiply RS485 devices by flexible rules
85 85  * Support Modbus protocol
86 -* Support Interrupt uplink (Since hardware version v1.2)
102 +* Support Interrupt uplink
87 87  
88 88  == 1.4 Applications ==
89 89  
... ... @@ -96,39 +96,53 @@
96 96  
97 97  == 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
98 98  
99 -[[RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=RS485-LN/]]
115 +[[RS485-BL Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/RS485-BL/Firmware/||style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"]]
100 100  
101 101  == 1.6 Hardware Change log ==
102 102  
103 103  (((
120 +v1.4
121 +)))
122 +
104 104  (((
105 -v1.2: Add External Interrupt Pin.
124 +~1. Change Power IC to TPS22916
125 +)))
106 106  
107 -v1.0: Release
127 +
128 +(((
129 +v1.3
108 108  )))
131 +
132 +(((
133 +~1. Change JP3 from KF350-8P to KF350-11P, Add one extra interface for I2C and one extra interface for one-wire
109 109  )))
110 110  
111 -= 2. Power ON Device =
112 112  
113 113  (((
114 -The RS485-LN can be powered by 7 ~~ 24V DC power source. Connection as below
138 +v1.2
139 +)))
115 115  
116 -* Power Source VIN to RS485-LN VIN+
117 -* Power Source GND to RS485-LN VIN-
118 -
119 119  (((
120 -Once there is power, the RS485-LN will be on.
142 +Release version ​​​​​
121 121  )))
122 122  
123 -[[image:1653268091319-405.png]]
145 += 2. Pin mapping and Power ON Device =
146 +
147 +(((
148 +The RS485-BL is powered on by 8500mAh battery. To save battery life, RS485-BL is shipped with power off. User can put the jumper to power on RS485-BL.
124 124  )))
125 125  
151 +[[image:1652953055962-143.png||height="387" width="728"]]
152 +
153 +
154 +The Left TXD and RXD are TTL interface for external sensor. TTL level is controlled by 3.3/5v Jumper.
155 +
126 126  = 3. Operation Mode =
127 127  
128 128  == 3.1 How it works? ==
129 129  
130 130  (((
131 -The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
161 +The RS485-BL is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-BL. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
132 132  )))
133 133  
134 134  == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ==
... ... @@ -135,27 +135,23 @@
135 135  
136 136  Here shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 Network. Below is the network structure, we use [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]] as LoRaWAN gateway here. 
137 137  
138 -[[image:1653268155545-638.png||height="334" width="724"]]
168 +[[image:1652953414711-647.png||height="337" width="723"]]
139 139  
140 140  (((
141 -The RS485-LN in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other RS485 devices via the same method. The connection is as below:
171 +The RS485-BL in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other RS485 devices via the same method.
172 +)))
142 142  
143 -485A+ and 485B- of the sensor are connected to RS485A and RA485B of RS485-LN respectively.
144 -
145 -[[image:1653268227651-549.png||height="592" width="720"]]
146 -
147 147  (((
148 -The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>path:eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
175 +The LG308 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
149 149  )))
150 150  
151 151  (((
152 -**Step 1**: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-LN.
179 +**Step 1**: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-BL.
153 153  )))
154 154  
155 155  (((
156 -Each RS485-LN is shipped with a sticker with unique device EUI:
183 +Each RS485-BL is shipped with a sticker with unique device EUI:
157 157  )))
158 -)))
159 159  
160 160  [[image:1652953462722-299.png]]
161 161  
... ... @@ -277,101 +277,87 @@
277 277  )))
278 278  )))
279 279  
280 -=== 3.3.2 Configure sensors ===
281 281  
282 -(((
283 -Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC or through RS485-BL AT Commands (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**.
284 -)))
285 285  
286 -(((
287 -When user issue an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**(%%) command, Each (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**(%%) equals to send a command to the RS485 or TTL sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won’t run during each sampling.
288 -)))
289 289  
290 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:806px" %)
291 -|**AT Commands**|(% style="width:418px" %)**Description**|(% style="width:256px" %)**Example**
292 -|AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:418px" %)(((
309 +1.
310 +11.
311 +111. Configure sensors
312 +
313 +Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC or through RS485-BL AT Commands AT+CFGDEV.
314 +
315 +
316 +When user issue an AT+CFGDEV command, Each AT+CFGDEV equals to send a command to the RS485 or TTL sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won’t run during each sampling.
317 +
318 +|**AT Commands**|**Description**|**Example**
319 +|AT+CFGDEV|(((
293 293  This command is used to configure the RS485/TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
294 294  
295 -AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,
322 +AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
296 296  
297 -mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
298 -)))|(% style="width:256px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
324 +m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
325 +)))|AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
299 299  
300 300  Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>path:#AT_CFGDEV]].
301 301  
302 -=== 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
303 303  
304 -(((
330 +
331 +
332 +
333 +1.
334 +11.
335 +111. Configure read commands for each sampling
336 +
305 305  RS485-BL is a battery powered device; it will sleep most of time. And wake up on each period and read RS485 / TTL sensor data and uplink.
306 -)))
307 307  
308 -(((
339 +
309 309  During each sampling, we need to confirm what commands we need to send to the sensors to read data. After the RS485/TTL sensors send back the value, it normally includes some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload.
310 -)))
311 311  
312 -(((
342 +
313 313  To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their valid value into a short payload.
314 -)))
315 315  
316 -(((
345 +
317 317  This section describes how to achieve above goals.
318 -)))
319 319  
320 -(((
348 +
321 321  During each sampling, the RS485-BL can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads.
322 -)))
323 323  
324 -(((
351 +
325 325  **Command from RS485-BL to Sensor:**
326 -)))
327 327  
328 -(((
329 329  RS485-BL can send out pre-set max 15 strings via **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF** . All commands are of same grammar.
330 -)))
331 331  
332 -(((
356 +
333 333  **Handle return from sensors to RS485-BL**:
334 -)))
335 335  
336 -(((
337 337  After RS485-BL send out a string to sensor, RS485-BL will wait for the return from RS485 or TTL sensor. And user can specify how to handle the return, by **AT+DATACUT or AT+SEARCH commands**
338 -)))
339 339  
340 -* (((
341 -**AT+DATACUT**
342 -)))
343 343  
344 -(((
362 +* **AT+DATACUT**
363 +
345 345  When the return value from sensor have fix length and we know which position the valid value we should get, we can use AT+DATACUT command.
346 -)))
347 347  
348 -* (((
349 -**AT+SEARCH**
350 -)))
351 351  
352 -(((
367 +* **AT+SEARCH**
368 +
353 353  When the return value from sensor is dynamic length and we are not sure which bytes the valid data is, instead, we know what value the valid value following. We can use AT+SEARCH to search the valid value in the return string.
354 -)))
355 355  
356 -(((
371 +
357 357  **Define wait timeout:**
358 -)))
359 359  
360 -(((
361 361  Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example, AT+CMDDL1=1000 to send the open time to 1000ms
362 -)))
363 363  
364 -(((
376 +
365 365  After we got the valid value from each RS485 commands, we need to combine them together with the command **AT+DATAUP**.
366 -)))
367 367  
379 +
368 368  **Examples:**
369 369  
370 370  Below are examples for the how above AT Commands works.
371 371  
384 +
372 372  **AT+COMMANDx : **This command will be sent to RS485/TTL devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is:
373 373  
374 -(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %)
375 375  |(((
376 376  **AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m**
377 377  
... ... @@ -384,9 +384,9 @@
384 384  
385 385  In the RS485-BL, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same.
386 386  
399 +
387 387  **AT+SEARCHx**: This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx.
388 388  
389 -(% border="1" class="table-bordered" %)
390 390  |(((
391 391  **AT+SEARCHx=aa,xx xx xx xx xx**
392 392  
... ... @@ -404,7 +404,7 @@
404 404  
405 405  The valid data will be all bytes after 1E 56 34 , so it is 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
406 406  
407 -[[image:1652954654347-831.png]]
419 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.png]]
408 408  
409 409  
410 410  1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
... ... @@ -465,7 +465,7 @@
465 465  
466 466  
467 467  1.
468 -11.
480 +11.
469 469  111. Compose the uplink payload
470 470  
471 471  Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.**
... ... @@ -529,8 +529,8 @@
529 529  
530 530  
531 531  
532 -1.
533 -11.
544 +1.
545 +11.
534 534  111. Uplink on demand
535 535  
536 536  Except uplink periodically, RS485-BL is able to uplink on demand. The server sends downlink command to RS485-BL and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.
... ... @@ -543,8 +543,8 @@
543 543  
544 544  
545 545  
546 -1.
547 -11.
558 +1.
559 +11.
548 548  111. Uplink on Interrupt
549 549  
550 550  Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]
... ... @@ -558,7 +558,7 @@
558 558  AT+INTMOD=3  Interrupt trigger by rising edge.
559 559  
560 560  
561 -1.
573 +1.
562 562  11. Uplink Payload
563 563  
564 564  |**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands**
... ... @@ -620,15 +620,15 @@
620 620  
621 621  * **Sensor Related Commands**: These commands are special designed for RS485-BL.  User can see these commands below:
622 622  
623 -1.
624 -11.
635 +1.
636 +11.
625 625  111. Common Commands:
626 626  
627 627  They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands]]
628 628  
629 629  
630 -1.
631 -11.
642 +1.
643 +11.
632 632  111. Sensor related commands:
633 633  
634 634  ==== Choose Device Type (RS485 or TTL) ====
... ... @@ -934,13 +934,13 @@
934 934  
935 935  
936 936  
937 -1.
949 +1.
938 938  11. Buttons
939 939  
940 940  |**Button**|**Feature**
941 941  |**RST**|Reboot RS485-BL
942 942  
943 -1.
955 +1.
944 944  11. +3V3 Output
945 945  
946 946  RS485-BL has a Controllable +3V3 output, user can use this output to power external sensor.
... ... @@ -958,7 +958,7 @@
958 958  By default, the AT+3V3T=0. This is a special case, means the +3V3 output is always on at any time
959 959  
960 960  
961 -1.
973 +1.
962 962  11. +5V Output
963 963  
964 964  RS485-BL has a Controllable +5V output, user can use this output to power external sensor.
... ... @@ -978,13 +978,13 @@
978 978  
979 979  
980 980  
981 -1.
993 +1.
982 982  11. LEDs
983 983  
984 984  |**LEDs**|**Feature**
985 985  |**LED1**|Blink when device transmit a packet.
986 986  
987 -1.
999 +1.
988 988  11. Switch Jumper
989 989  
990 990  |**Switch Jumper**|**Feature**
... ... @@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@
1030 1030  
1031 1031  
1032 1032  
1033 -1.
1045 +1.
1034 1034  11. Common AT Command Sequence
1035 1035  111. Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308)
1036 1036  
... ... @@ -1049,8 +1049,8 @@
1049 1049  
1050 1050  ATZ
1051 1051  
1052 -1.
1053 -11.
1064 +1.
1065 +11.
1054 1054  111. Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02)
1055 1055  
1056 1056  AT+FDR   Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve
... ... @@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@
1125 1125  [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image035.png]] [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.png]]
1126 1126  
1127 1127  
1128 -1.
1140 +1.
1129 1129  11. How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region?
1130 1130  
1131 1131  User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>path:#upgrade_image]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.
... ... @@ -1132,7 +1132,7 @@
1132 1132  
1133 1133  
1134 1134  
1135 -1.
1147 +1.
1136 1136  11. How many RS485-Slave can RS485-BL connects?
1137 1137  
1138 1138  The RS485-BL can support max 32 RS485 devices. Each uplink command of RS485-BL can support max 16 different RS485 command. So RS485-BL can support max 16 RS485 devices pre-program in the device for uplink. For other devices no pre-program, user can use the [[downlink message (type code 0xA8) to poll their info>>path:#downlink_A8]].
... ... @@ -1149,7 +1149,7 @@
1149 1149  
1150 1150  
1151 1151  
1152 -1.
1164 +1.
1153 1153  11. Why I can’t join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands?
1154 1154  
1155 1155  It might about the channels mapping. Please see for detail.
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