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Version 48.1 by Mengting Qiu on 2023/11/09 09:40
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2 [[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg||height="554" width="554"]]
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13
14 **Table of Contents:**
15
16 {{toc/}}
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21
22
23 = 1. Introduction =
24
25 == 1.1 ​What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
26
27
28 (((
29 The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 It detects (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Moisture**(%%), (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Temperature**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Conductivity**(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LES01 is powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45 Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
46 )))
47
48
49 [[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
50
51
52 [[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
53
54
55 == 1.2 ​Features ==
56
57
58 * LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
59 * Ultra low power consumption
60 * Monitor Soil Moisture
61 * Monitor Soil Temperature
62 * Monitor Soil Conductivity
63 * Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
64 * AT Commands to change parameters
65 * Uplink on periodically
66 * Downlink to change configure
67 * IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
68 * 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
69
70
71
72 == 1.3 Specification ==
73
74
75 Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
76
77 (% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:520px" %)
78 |(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:95px" %)**Parameter**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:147px" %)**Soil Moisture**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:138px" %)**Soil Conductivity**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:140px" %)**Soil Temperature**
79 |(% style="width:95px" %)Range|(% style="width:146px" %)0-100.00%|(% style="width:137px" %)(((
80 0-20000uS/cm
81 (25℃)(0-20.0EC)
82 )))|(% style="width:140px" %)-40.00℃～85.00℃
83 |(% style="width:95px" %)Unit|(% style="width:146px" %)V/V %|(% style="width:137px" %)uS/cm|(% style="width:140px" %)℃
84 |(% style="width:95px" %)Resolution|(% style="width:146px" %)0.01%|(% style="width:137px" %)1 uS/cm|(% style="width:140px" %)0.01℃
85 |(% style="width:95px" %)Accuracy|(% style="width:146px" %)(((
86 ±3% (0-53%)
87 ±5% (>53%)
88 )))|(% style="width:137px" %)2%FS|(% style="width:140px" %)(((
89 -10℃～50℃:<0.3℃
90 All other: <0.6℃
91 )))
92 |(% style="width:95px" %)(((
93 Measure
94 Method
95 )))|(% style="width:146px" %)FDR , with temperature &EC compensate|(% style="width:137px" %)Conductivity , with temperature compensate|(% style="width:140px" %)RTD, and calibrate
96
97
98
99 == 1.4 Dimension ==
100
101
102 (% style="color:blue" %)**Main Device Dimension:**
103
104 See LSN50v2 from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Mechanical_Drawing/ >>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Mechanical_Drawing/]]
105
106 [[image:image-20221008140228-2.png||height="358" width="571"]]
107
108
109 (% style="color:blue" %)**Probe Dimension**
110
111 [[image:image-20221008135912-1.png]]
112
113
114 == ​1.5 Applications ==
115
116
117 * Smart Agriculture​
118
119
120
121 == 1.6 Firmware Change log ==
122
123
124 **LSE01 v1.0 :**  Release
125
126
127 = 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
128
129 == 2.1 How it works ==
130
131
132 (((
133 The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
134 )))
135
136 (((
137 In case you can't set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
138 )))
139
140
141 == 2.2 ​Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
142
143
144 Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
145
146
147 [[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
148
149
150 The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
151
152
153 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%):  Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
154
155 Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
156
157 [[image:image-20230426084640-1.png||height="241" width="519"]]
158
159
160 You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
161
162 **Add APP EUI in the application**
163
164
165 [[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
166
167
168
169 **Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**
170
171 [[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
172
173
174
175 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on LSE01
176
177
178 Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
179
180 [[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
181
182
183 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:** The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
184
185 [[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
186
187
188 == 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
189
190 === 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode)(% style="display:none" %) (%%) ===
191
192
193 LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 
194
195 (((
196 Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
197 )))
198
199 (% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
200 |(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**1**
201 |Value|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
202 Temperature
203 (Reserve, Ignore now)
204 )))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(((
205 MOD & Digital Interrupt(Optional)
206 )))
207
208
209
210 === 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
211
212
213 This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
214
215 (% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
216 |(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0" %)**1**
217 |Value|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
218 Temperature
219 (Reserve, Ignore now)
220 )))|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)|Dielectric constant(raw)|(((
221 MOD & Digital Interrupt(Optional)
222 )))
223
224
225
226 === 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
227
228
229 (((
230 Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
231 )))
232
233 (((
234 Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
235 )))
236
237 (((
238 Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
239 )))
240
241
242 === 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
243
244
245 (((
246 Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
247 )))
248
249 (((
250 For example, if the data you get from the register is **__0x05 0xDC__**, the moisture content in the soil is (% style="color:blue" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
251 )))
252
253
254 === 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
255
256
257 (((
258 Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
259 )))
260
261 (((
262 **Example**:
263 )))
264
265 (((
266 If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
267 )))
268
269 (((
270 If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
271 )))
272
273
274 === 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
275
276
277 (((
278 Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble salt concentration__**(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__**(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__planting medium__**(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
279 )))
280
281 (((
282 For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
283 )))
284
285 (((
286 Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
287 )))
288
289 (((
290
291 )))
292
293 === 2.3.7 MOD ===
294
295
296 Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
297
298 For example, bytes[10]=90
299
300 mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
301
302
303 (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**
304
305 If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
306
307 If** **payload =** **0x0A01, workmode=1
308
309
310 === 2.3.8 ​Decode payload in The Things Network ===
311
312
313 While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
314
315
316 [[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
317
318 (((
319 The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
320 )))
321
322 (((
323 LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder:  [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/LSE01>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/LSE01]]
324
325
326 )))
327
328 == 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
329
330
331 The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
332
333
334 == 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
335
336
337 By default, LSE01 prints the downlink payload to console port.
338
339 (% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:479.818px" %)
340 |=(% style="width: 183px; background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Downlink Control Type**|=(% style="width: 55px; background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)FPort|=(% style="width: 93px; background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Type Code**|=(% style="width: 146px; background-color: rgb(217, 226, 243); color: rgb(0, 112, 192);" %)**Downlink payload size(bytes)**
341 |(% style="width:183px" %)TDC (Transmit Time Interval)|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)01|(% style="width:146px" %)4
342 |(% style="width:183px" %)RESET|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)04|(% style="width:146px" %)2
343 |(% style="width:183px" %)AT+CFM|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)05|(% style="width:146px" %)4
344 |(% style="width:183px" %)INTMOD|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)06|(% style="width:146px" %)4
345 |(% style="width:183px" %)MOD|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)0A|(% style="width:146px" %)2
346
347 (((
348 (% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:**
349 )))
350
351 * (((
352 (% style="color:blue" %)**Set TDC**
353 )))
354
355 (((
356 If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
357 )))
358
359 (((
360 Payload:    01 00 00 1E    TDC=30S
361 )))
362
363 (((
364 Payload:    01 00 00 3C    TDC=60S
365 )))
366
367 (((
368
369 )))
370
371 * (((
372 (% style="color:blue" %)**Reset**
373 )))
374
375 (((
376 If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
377 )))
378
379
380 * (% style="color:blue" %)**CFM**
381
382 Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
383
384
385 == 2.6 ​Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
386
387
388 (((
389 [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
390 )))
391
392 (((
393
394 )))
395
396 (((
397 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%):  Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
398 )))
399
400 (((
401 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%):  To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
402 )))
403
404
405 [[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
406
407
408 [[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
409
410
411 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:**  Create an account or log in Datacake.
412
413 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4**(%%)**:**  Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
414
415
416 [[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
417
418
419 After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
420
421 [[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
422
423
424 == 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
425
426
427 The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
428
429
430 === 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
431
432
433 (% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
434
435 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
436
437 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
438
439 868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
440
441 867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
442
443 867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
444
445 867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
446
447 867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
448
449 867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
450
451 868.8 - FSK
452
453
454 (% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
455
456 Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
457
458 869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
459
460
461 === 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
462
463
464 Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
465
466 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
467
468 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
469
470 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
471
472 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
473
474 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
475
476 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
477
478 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
479
480 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
481
482 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
483
484
485 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
486
487 923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
488
489 923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
490
491 924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
492
493 925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
494
495 925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
496
497 926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
498
499 926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
500
501 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
502
503 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
504
505
506 === 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
507
508
509 Used in China, Default use CHE=1
510
511 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
512
513 486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
514
515 486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
516
517 486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
518
519 486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
520
521 487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
522
523 487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
524
525 487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
526
527 487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
528
529
530 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
531
532 506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
533
534 506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
535
536 507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
537
538 507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
539
540 507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
541
542 507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
543
544 507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
545
546 508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
547
548 505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
549
550
551 === 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
552
553
554 Default use CHE=2
555
556 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
557
558 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
559
560 917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
561
562 917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
563
564 917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
565
566 917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
567
568 917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
569
570 918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
571
572 918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
573
574
575 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
576
577 923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
578
579 923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
580
581 924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
582
583 925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
584
585 925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
586
587 926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
588
589 926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
590
591 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
592
593 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
594
595
596 === 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
597
598
599 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Default Uplink channel:**
600
601 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
602
603 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
604
605
606 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Additional Uplink Channel**:
607
608 (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
609
610 (% style="color:#037691" %)**AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore**:
611
612 922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
613
614 922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
615
616 922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
617
618 922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
619
620 923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
621
622 922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
623
624
625 (% style="color:#037691" %)**AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam**:
626
627 923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
628
629 923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
630
631 924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
632
633 924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
634
635 924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
636
637 924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
638
639
640 (% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
641
642 Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
643
644 923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
645
646
647 === 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
648
649
650 Default channel:
651
652 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
653
654 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
655
656 922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
657
658
659 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)**
660
661 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
662
663 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
664
665 922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
666
667 922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
668
669 922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
670
671 923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
672
673 923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
674
675
676 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
677
678 Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
679
680 921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
681
682
683 === 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
684
685
686 (% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
687
688 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
689
690 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
691
692 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
693
694
695 (% style="color:#037691" %) **Downlink:**
696
697 Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
698
699 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
700
701
702 == 2.8 LED Indicator ==
703
704
705 The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
706
707 * Blink once when device power on.
708 * Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
709 * Blink once when device transmit a packet.
710
711
712
713 == 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
714
715
716 **Measurement the soil surface**
717
718 [[image:1654506634463-199.png]] ​
719
720 (((
721 (((
722 Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
723 )))
724 )))
725
726
727 [[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
728
729 (((
730 Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
731 )))
732
733 (((
734 Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
735 )))
736
737
738 == 2.10 ​Firmware Change Log ==
739
740
741 (((
742 **Firmware download link:  **[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/8ixj7zgt477ip51/AADLrib9Oe6IuOpPF5o1GPf9a?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/8ixj7zgt477ip51/AADLrib9Oe6IuOpPF5o1GPf9a?dl=0]]
743 )))
744
745 (((
746 **Firmware Upgrade Method: **[[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
747 )))
748
749 (((
750
751 )))
752
753 (((
754 **V1.0.**
755 )))
756
757 (((
758 Release
759 )))
760
761
762 == 2.11 Battery & Power Consumption ==
763
764
765 LSE01 uses ER26500 + SPC1520 battery pack. See below link for detail information about the battery info and how to replace.
766
767 [[**Battery Info & Power Consumption Analyze**>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/How%20to%20calculate%20the%20battery%20life%20of%20Dragino%20sensors%3F/]] .
768
769
770 = 3. ​Using the AT Commands =
771
772 == 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
773
774
775 LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
776
777
778 [[image:1654501986557-872.png||height="391" width="800"]]
779
780
781 Or if you have below board, use below connection:
782
783
784 [[image:1654502005655-729.png||height="503" width="801"]]
785
786
787 In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
788
789
790 [[image:1654502050864-459.png||height="564" width="806"]]
791
792
793 Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]].
794
795
796 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>? **(%%) : Help on <CMD>
797
798 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD> **(%%) : Run <CMD>
799
800 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=<value>**(%%)  : Set the value
801
802 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?**(%%)  : Get the value
803
804
805 (% style="color:#037691" %)**General Commands**(%%)      
806
807 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT**(%%)  : Attention       
808
809 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT?**(%%)  : Short Help     
810
811 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**(%%)  : MCU Reset    
812
813 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TDC**(%%)  : Application Data Transmission Interval 
814
815
816 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Keys, IDs and EUIs management**
817
818 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPEUI**(%%)              : Application EUI      
819
820 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPKEY**(%%)              : Application Key     
821
822 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPSKEY**(%%)            : Application Session Key
823
824 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DADDR**(%%)              : Device Address     
825
826 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DEUI**(%%)                   : Device EUI     
827
828 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKID**(%%)               : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection) 
829
830 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKSKEY**(%%)          : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network  
831
832 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFM**(%%)  : Confirm Mode       
833
834 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFS**(%%)                     : Confirm Status       
835
836 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JOIN**(%%)  : Join LoRa? Network       
837
838 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM**(%%)  : LoRa? Network Join Mode    
839
840 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJS**(%%)                     : LoRa? Network Join Status    
841
842 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECV**(%%)                  : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
843
844 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECVB**(%%)                : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format      
845
846 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SEND**(%%)                  : Send Text Data      
847
848 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SENB**(%%)                  : Send Hexadecimal Data
849
850
851 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Network Management**
852
853 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ADR**(%%)          : Adaptive Rate
854
855 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CLASS**(%%)  : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
856
857 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DCS**(%%)  : Duty Cycle Setting 
858
859 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DR**(%%)  : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)     
860
861 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCD**(%%)  : Frame Counter Downlink       
862
863 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCU**(%%)  : Frame Counter Uplink   
864
865 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN1DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay1
866
867 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN2DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay2
868
869 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PNM**(%%)  : Public Network Mode   
870
871 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX1DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay1      
872
873 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay2      
874
875 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DR**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Data Rate 
876
877 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2FQ**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Frequency
878
879 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TXP**(%%)  : Transmit Power
880
881 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ MOD**(%%)  : Set work mode
882
883
884 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Information** 
885
886 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RSSI**(%%)           : RSSI of the Last Received Packet   
887
888 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SNR**(%%)           : SNR of the Last Received Packet   
889
890 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+VER**(%%)           : Image Version and Frequency Band       
891
892 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR**(%%)           : Factory Data Reset
893
894 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PORT**(%%)  : Application Port    
895
896 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHS**(%%)  : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
897
898 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHE**(%%)  : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
899
900
901 = ​4. FAQ =
902
903 == 4.1 ​How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
904
905
906 (((
907 You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
908 When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. ​
909 )))
910
911 (((
912 How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
913 )))
914
915 (((
916 You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
917 )))
918
919 (((
920
921 )))
922
923 (((
924 For example, in **US915** band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
925
926 (% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:520px" %)
927 |(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:47px" %)**CHE**|(% colspan="9" style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:542px" %)**US915 Uplink Channels(125KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
928 |(% style="width:47px" %)0|(% colspan="9" style="width:542px" %)ENABLE Channel 0-63
929 |(% style="width:47px" %)1|(% style="width:54px" %)902.3|(% style="width:53px" %)902.5|(% style="width:55px" %)902.7|(% style="width:53px" %)902.9|(% style="width:49px" %)903.1|(% style="width:52px" %)903.3|(% style="width:51px" %)903.5|(% style="width:51px" %)903.7|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 0-7
930 |(% style="width:47px" %)2|(% style="width:54px" %)903.9|(% style="width:53px" %)904.1|(% style="width:55px" %)904.3|(% style="width:53px" %)904.5|(% style="width:49px" %)904.7|(% style="width:52px" %)904.9|(% style="width:51px" %)905.1|(% style="width:51px" %)905.3|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 8-15
931 |(% style="width:47px" %)3|(% style="width:54px" %)905.5|(% style="width:53px" %)905.7|(% style="width:55px" %)905.9|(% style="width:53px" %)906.1|(% style="width:49px" %)906.3|(% style="width:52px" %)906.5|(% style="width:51px" %)906.7|(% style="width:51px" %)906.9|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 16-23
932 |(% style="width:47px" %)4|(% style="width:54px" %)907.1|(% style="width:53px" %)907.3|(% style="width:55px" %)907.5|(% style="width:53px" %)907.7|(% style="width:49px" %)907.9|(% style="width:52px" %)908.1|(% style="width:51px" %)908.3|(% style="width:51px" %)908.5|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 24-31
933 |(% style="width:47px" %)5|(% style="width:54px" %)908.7|(% style="width:53px" %)908.9|(% style="width:55px" %)909.1|(% style="width:53px" %)909.3|(% style="width:49px" %)909.5|(% style="width:52px" %)909.7|(% style="width:51px" %)909.9|(% style="width:51px" %)910.1|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 32-39
934 |(% style="width:47px" %)6|(% style="width:54px" %)910.3|(% style="width:53px" %)910.5|(% style="width:55px" %)910.7|(% style="width:53px" %)910.9|(% style="width:49px" %)911.1|(% style="width:52px" %)911.3|(% style="width:51px" %)911.5|(% style="width:51px" %)911.7|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 40-47
935 |(% style="width:47px" %)7|(% style="width:54px" %)911.9|(% style="width:53px" %)912.1|(% style="width:55px" %)912.3|(% style="width:53px" %)912.5|(% style="width:49px" %)912.7|(% style="width:52px" %)912.9|(% style="width:51px" %)913.1|(% style="width:51px" %)913.3|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 48-55
936 |(% style="width:47px" %)8|(% style="width:54px" %)913.5|(% style="width:53px" %)913.7|(% style="width:55px" %)913.9|(% style="width:53px" %)914.1|(% style="width:49px" %)914.3|(% style="width:52px" %)914.5|(% style="width:51px" %)914.7|(% style="width:51px" %)914.9|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 56-63
937 |(% colspan="10" style="color:#0070c0; width:589px" %)**Channels(500KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
938 |(% style="width:47px" %) |(% style="width:54px" %)903|(% style="width:53px" %)904.6|(% style="width:55px" %)906.2|(% style="width:53px" %)907.8|(% style="width:49px" %)909.4|(% style="width:52px" %)911|(% style="width:51px" %)912.6|(% style="width:51px" %)914.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 64-71
939 )))
940
941
942 When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
943
944 * 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
945 * 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
946 * 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
947 * 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
948 * 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
949 * 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
950 * 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
951 * 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
952 * 904.6 - SF8BW500
953
954 (((
955 Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
956
957 * (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+CHE=2**
958 * (% style="color:#037691" %)**ATZ**
959 )))
960
961 (((
962
963
964 to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
965 )))
966
967 (((
968
969 )))
970
971 (((
972 The **AU915** band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
973
974 (% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:520px" %)
975 |(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:45px" %)**CHE**|(% colspan="9" style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:540px" %)**AU915 Uplink Channels(125KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
976 |(% style="width:45px" %)0|(% colspan="9" style="width:540px" %)ENABLE Channel 0-63
977 |(% style="width:45px" %)1|(% style="width:51px" %)915.2|(% style="width:51px" %)915.4|(% style="width:51px" %)915.6|(% style="width:52px" %)915.8|(% style="width:51px" %)916|(% style="width:51px" %)916.2|(% style="width:53px" %)916.4|(% style="width:51px" %)916.6|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 0-7
978 |(% style="width:45px" %)2|(% style="width:51px" %)916.8|(% style="width:51px" %)917|(% style="width:51px" %)917.2|(% style="width:52px" %)917.4|(% style="width:51px" %)917.6|(% style="width:51px" %)917.8|(% style="width:53px" %)918|(% style="width:51px" %)918.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 8-15
979 |(% style="width:45px" %)3|(% style="width:51px" %)918.4|(% style="width:51px" %)918.6|(% style="width:51px" %)918.8|(% style="width:52px" %)919|(% style="width:51px" %)919.2|(% style="width:51px" %)919.4|(% style="width:53px" %)919.6|(% style="width:51px" %)919.8|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 16-23
980 |(% style="width:45px" %)4|(% style="width:51px" %)920|(% style="width:51px" %)920.2|(% style="width:51px" %)920.4|(% style="width:52px" %)920.6|(% style="width:51px" %)920.8|(% style="width:51px" %)921|(% style="width:53px" %)921.2|(% style="width:51px" %)921.4|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 24-31
981 |(% style="width:45px" %)5|(% style="width:51px" %)921.6|(% style="width:51px" %)921.8|(% style="width:51px" %)922|(% style="width:52px" %)922.2|(% style="width:51px" %)922.4|(% style="width:51px" %)922.6|(% style="width:53px" %)922.8|(% style="width:51px" %)923|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 32-39
982 |(% style="width:45px" %)6|(% style="width:51px" %)923.2|(% style="width:51px" %)923.4|(% style="width:51px" %)923.6|(% style="width:52px" %)923.8|(% style="width:51px" %)924|(% style="width:51px" %)924.2|(% style="width:53px" %)924.4|(% style="width:51px" %)924.6|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 40-47
983 |(% style="width:45px" %)7|(% style="width:51px" %)924.8|(% style="width:51px" %)925|(% style="width:51px" %)925.2|(% style="width:52px" %)925.4|(% style="width:51px" %)925.6|(% style="width:51px" %)925.8|(% style="width:53px" %)926|(% style="width:51px" %)926.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 48-55
984 |(% style="width:45px" %)8|(% style="width:51px" %)926.4|(% style="width:51px" %)926.6|(% style="width:51px" %)926.8|(% style="width:52px" %)927|(% style="width:51px" %)927.2|(% style="width:51px" %)927.4|(% style="width:53px" %)927.6|(% style="width:51px" %)927.8|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 56-63
985 |(% colspan="10" style="color:#0070c0; width:586px" %)**Channels(500KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
986 |(% style="width:45px" %) |(% style="width:51px" %)915.9|(% style="width:51px" %)917.5|(% style="width:51px" %)919.1|(% style="width:52px" %)920.7|(% style="width:51px" %)922.3|(% style="width:51px" %)923.9|(% style="width:53px" %)925.5|(% style="width:51px" %)927.1|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 64-71
987 )))
988
989
990
991 == 4.2 ​Can I calibrate LSE01 to different soil types? ==
992
993
994 (((
995 LSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20230522.pdf]].
996 )))
997
998
999 = 5. Trouble Shooting =
1000
1001 == 5.1 ​Why I can't join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
1002
1003
1004 It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.19EightChannelMode"]] section above for details.
1005
1006
1007 == 5.2 AT Command input doesn't work ==
1008
1009
1010 (((
1011 In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
1012 )))
1013
1014
1015 == 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
1016
1017
1018 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Issue describe as below:**
1019
1020 [[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
1021
1022
1023 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Cause for this issue:**
1024
1025 (((
1026 The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
1027 )))
1028
1029
1030 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Solution: **
1031
1032 (((
1033 All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
1034 )))
1035
1036 [[image:1654500929571-736.png||height="458" width="832"]]
1037
1038
1039 = 6. ​Order Info =
1040
1041
1042 Part Number**:** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LSE01-XX-YY**
1043
1044
1045 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**XX**(%%)**:** The default frequency band
1046
1047 * (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
1048 * (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
1049 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
1050 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
1051 * (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
1052 * (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
1053 * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
1054 * (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
1055
1056 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**YY**(%%)**: **Battery Option
1057
1058 * (% style="color:red" %)**4**(%%): 4000mAh battery
1059 * (% style="color:red" %)**8**(%%): 8500mAh battery
1060
1061 (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
1062 (((
1063
1064
1065
1066 )))
1067
1068 = 7. Packing Info =
1069
1070 (((
1071
1072
1073 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:
1074 )))
1075
1076 * (((
1077 LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
1078 )))
1079
1080 (((
1081
1082
1083 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**:
1084 )))
1085
1086 * (((
1087 Device Size: cm
1088 )))
1089 * (((
1090 Device Weight: g
1091 )))
1092 * (((
1093 Package Size / pcs : cm
1094 )))
1095 * (((
1096 Weight / pcs : g
1097
1098
1099
1100 )))
1101
1102 = 8. Support =
1103
1104
1105 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1106
1107 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]