Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

Version 32.14 by Xiaoling on 2022/06/07 11:40

version	line-number	content
4.2	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
31.14	2	[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg\|\|height="554" width="554"]]
1.1	3
	4
	5
31.17	6	Contents:
1.1	7
31.17	8	{{toc/}}
1.1	9
	10
	11
	12
31.17	13
	14
12.2	15	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	16
12.2	17	== 1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
1.1	18
12.2	19	(((
	20	The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
	21	)))
1.1	22
12.2	23	(((
	24	It detects (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Moisture(%%), (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Temperature(%%) and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Conductivity(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
	25	)))
1.1	26
12.2	27	(((
4.2	28	The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
12.2	29	)))
4.2	30
12.2	31	(((
	32	LES01 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
	33	)))
4.2	34
12.2	35	(((
4.2	36	Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
12.2	37	)))
4.2	38
	39
12.2	40	[[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
4.2	41
	42
13.2	43	[[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
4.2	44
	45
	46
13.3	47	== 1.2 Features ==
	48
4.2	49	* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
	50	* Ultra low power consumption
	51	* Monitor Soil Moisture
	52	* Monitor Soil Temperature
	53	* Monitor Soil Conductivity
	54	* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
	55	* AT Commands to change parameters
	56	* Uplink on periodically
	57	* Downlink to change configure
	58	* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
	59	* 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
	60
13.3	61	== 1.3 Specification ==
	62
4.2	63	Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
	64
14.2	65	[[image:image-20220606162220-5.png]]
	66
4.2	67
	68
14.3	69	== 1.4 Applications ==
4.2	70
	71	* Smart Agriculture
	72
15.6	73	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
	74
4.2	75
15.6	76	== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
	77
	78
14.3	79	LSE01 v1.0 : Release
4.2	80
14.3	81
	82
	83	= 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
	84
	85	== 2.1 How it works ==
	86
15.3	87	(((
4.2	88	The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
15.3	89	)))
4.2	90
15.3	91	(((
31.33	92	In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>\|\|anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
15.3	93	)))
4.2	94
	95
	96
14.4	97	== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
4.2	98
	99	Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
	100
	101
15.2	102	[[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
4.2	103
	104
	105	The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
	106
	107
	108	Step 1: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
	109
	110	Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
	111
17.2	112	[[image:image-20220606163732-6.jpeg]]
4.2	113
	114	You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
	115
	116	Add APP EUI in the application
	117
	118
17.2	119	[[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
4.2	120
	121
	122
	123	Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
	124
18.2	125	[[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
4.2	126
	127
19.2	128
4.2	129	Step 2: Power on LSE01
	130
	131
	132	Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
	133
19.2	134	[[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
4.2	135
	136
	137	Step 3: The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
	138
20.2	139	[[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
4.2	140
	141
	142
20.3	143	== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
4.2	144
32.9	145	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
	146	=== ===
	147
20.3	148	=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
4.2	149
4.4	150	LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
4.2	151
32.9	152	(((
4.2	153	Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
32.9	154	)))
4.2	155
32.3	156	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
	157	\|(((
4.2	158	Size
	159
	160	(bytes)
32.3	161	)))\|2\|2\|2\|2\|2\|1
32.4	162	\|Value\|[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(((
4.2	163	Temperature
	164
	165	(Reserve, Ignore now)
32.4	166	)))\|[[Soil Moisture>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]\|[[Soil Temperature>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]\|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]\|(((
4.2	167	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	168
	169	(Optional)
	170	)))
	171
	172
	173
22.2	174	=== 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
	175
4.2	176	This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
	177
32.3	178	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
	179	\|(((
4.2	180	Size
	181
	182	(bytes)
32.3	183	)))\|2\|2\|2\|2\|2\|1
32.4	184	\|Value\|[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(((
4.2	185	Temperature
	186
	187	(Reserve, Ignore now)
32.4	188	)))\|[[Soil Moisture>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)\|[[Soil Temperature>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]\|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)\|(((
4.2	189	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	190
	191	(Optional)
	192	)))
	193
	194
	195
22.2	196	=== 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
	197
32.10	198	(((
4.2	199	Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
32.10	200	)))
4.2	201
32.10	202	(((
4.2	203	Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
32.10	204	)))
4.2	205
32.10	206	(((
4.2	207	Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
32.10	208	)))
4.2	209
	210
	211
22.3	212	=== 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
4.2	213
32.10	214	(((
4.2	215	Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
32.10	216	)))
4.2	217
32.10	218	(((
22.4	219	For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
32.10	220	)))
4.2	221
32.10	222	(((
	223
	224	)))
4.2	225
32.10	226	(((
22.4	227	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.
32.10	228	)))
4.2	229
22.4	230
4.2	231
22.5	232	=== 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
	233
32.11	234	(((
4.2	235	Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
32.11	236	)))
4.2	237
32.11	238	(((
4.2	239	Example:
32.11	240	)))
4.2	241
32.11	242	(((
4.2	243	If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
32.11	244	)))
4.2	245
32.11	246	(((
4.2	247	If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
32.11	248	)))
4.2	249
	250
	251
22.6	252	=== 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
	253
23.2	254	(((
	255	Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble salt concentration__(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__planting medium__(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
	256	)))
4.2	257
23.2	258	(((
4.2	259	For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
23.2	260	)))
4.2	261
23.2	262	(((
4.2	263	Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
23.2	264	)))
4.2	265
23.2	266	(((
	267
	268	)))
4.2	269
23.2	270	(((
	271
	272	)))
	273
	274	=== 2.3.7 MOD ===
	275
4.2	276	Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
	277
	278	For example, bytes[10]=90
	279
	280	mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
	281
	282
31.23	283	Downlink Command:
4.2	284
	285	If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
	286
	287	If payload = 0x0A01, workmode=1
	288
	289
	290
23.2	291	=== 2.3.8 Decode payload in The Things Network ===
	292
4.2	293	While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
	294
	295
23.2	296	[[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
4.2	297
32.12	298	(((
4.2	299	The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
32.12	300	)))
4.2	301
32.12	302	(((
4.2	303	LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/]]
32.12	304	)))
4.2	305
	306
31.27	307
23.3	308	== 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
4.2	309
31.26	310	The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome\|\|anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
4.2	311
	312
	313
24.2	314	== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
	315
4.2	316	By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
	317
24.2	318	[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
4.2	319
24.2	320
32.14	321	(((
26.2	322	Examples:
32.14	323	)))
4.2	324
32.14	325	(((
	326
	327	)))
4.2	328
32.14	329	* (((
	330	Set TDC
	331	)))
4.2	332
32.14	333	(((
4.2	334	If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
32.14	335	)))
4.2	336
32.14	337	(((
4.2	338	Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S
32.14	339	)))
4.2	340
32.14	341	(((
4.2	342	Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S
32.14	343	)))
4.2	344
32.14	345	(((
	346
	347	)))
4.2	348
32.14	349	* (((
	350	Reset
	351	)))
4.2	352
32.14	353	(((
4.2	354	If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
32.14	355	)))
4.2	356
	357
26.2	358	* CFM
4.2	359
	360	Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
	361
	362
26.2	363
	364	== 2.6 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
	365
4.2	366	[[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
	367
	368
	369	Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
	370
	371	Step 2: To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
	372
	373
26.2	374	[[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
4.2	375
	376
26.2	377	[[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
4.2	378
	379	Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake.
	380
	381	Step 4: Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
	382
	383
27.2	384	[[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
4.2	385
	386
	387	After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
	388
28.2	389	[[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
4.2	390
	391
	392
28.4	393	== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
4.2	394
	395	The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
	396
	397
28.5	398	=== 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
4.2	399
28.5	400	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	401
4.2	402	868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	403
	404	868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
	405
	406	868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	407
	408	867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	409
	410	867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	411
	412	867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	413
	414	867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	415
	416	867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	417
	418	868.8 - FSK
	419
	420
28.5	421	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	422
	423	Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
	424
	425	869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	426
	427
	428
28.5	429	=== 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
	430
4.2	431	Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
	432
28.5	433	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	434
	435	903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	436
	437	904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	438
	439	904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	440
	441	904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	442
	443	904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	444
	445	904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	446
	447	905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	448
	449	905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	450
	451
28.5	452	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	453
	454	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	455
	456	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	457
	458	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	459
	460	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	461
	462	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	463
	464	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	465
	466	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	467
	468	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	469
	470	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	471
	472
	473
28.5	474	=== 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
	475
4.2	476	Used in China, Default use CHE=1
	477
28.5	478	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	479
	480	486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	481
	482	486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	483
	484	486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	485
	486	486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	487
	488	487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	489
	490	487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	491
	492	487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	493
	494	487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	495
	496
28.5	497	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	498
	499	506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	500
	501	506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	502
	503	507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	504
	505	507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	506
	507	507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	508
	509	507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	510
	511	507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	512
	513	508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	514
	515	505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	516
	517
	518
28.5	519	=== 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
	520
4.2	521	Default use CHE=2
	522
28.5	523	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	524
	525	916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	526
	527	917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	528
	529	917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	530
	531	917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	532
	533	917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	534
	535	917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	536
	537	918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	538
	539	918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	540
	541
28.5	542	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	543
	544	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	545
	546	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	547
	548	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	549
	550	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	551
	552	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	553
	554	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	555
	556	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	557
	558	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	559
	560	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	561
	562
28.6	563
	564	=== 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
	565
28.7	566	(% style="color:#037691" %)Default Uplink channel:
4.2	567
	568	923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	569
	570	923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	571
	572
28.7	573	(% style="color:#037691" %)Additional Uplink Channel:
4.2	574
	575	(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
	576
28.7	577	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore:
4.2	578
	579	922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	580
	581	922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	582
	583	922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	584
	585	922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	586
	587	923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	588
	589	922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	590
	591
28.7	592	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam:
4.2	593
	594	923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	595
	596	923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	597
	598	924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	599
	600	924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	601
	602	924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	603
	604	924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	605
	606
28.7	607	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	608
	609	Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
	610
	611	923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	612
	613
	614
28.7	615	=== 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
	616
4.2	617	Default channel:
	618
	619	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	620
	621	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	622
	623	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	624
	625
28.7	626	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
4.2	627
	628	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	629
	630	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	631
	632	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	633
	634	922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	635
	636	922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	637
	638	923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	639
	640	923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	641
	642
28.7	643	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	644
	645	Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
	646
	647	921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
	648
	649
	650
28.7	651	=== 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
4.2	652
28.7	653	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	654
4.2	655	865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	656
	657	865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	658
	659	865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	660
	661
28.7	662	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	663
	664	Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
	665
	666	866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	667
	668
	669
28.7	670
	671	== 2.8 LED Indicator ==
	672
4.2	673	The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
	674
	675	* Blink once when device power on.
	676	* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
	677	* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
	678
32.6	679
	680
28.8	681	== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
	682
4.2	683	Measurement the soil surface
	684
	685
29.2	686	[[image:1654506634463-199.png]]
4.2	687
29.2	688	(((
31.8	689	(((
4.2	690	Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
29.2	691	)))
31.8	692	)))
4.2	693
	694
30.2	695	[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
4.2	696
31.8	697	(((
4.2	698	Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
31.8	699	)))
4.2	700
31.8	701	(((
4.2	702	Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
31.8	703	)))
4.2	704
	705
30.3	706	== 2.10 Firmware Change Log ==
4.2	707
31.7	708	(((
4.2	709	Firmware download link:
31.7	710	)))
4.2	711
31.7	712	(((
4.2	713	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
31.7	714	)))
4.2	715
31.7	716	(((
	717
	718	)))
4.2	719
31.7	720	(((
30.4	721	Firmware Upgrade Method: [[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
31.7	722	)))
4.2	723
31.7	724	(((
	725
	726	)))
4.2	727
31.7	728	(((
4.2	729	V1.0.
31.7	730	)))
4.2	731
31.7	732	(((
4.2	733	Release
31.7	734	)))
4.2	735
	736
31.2	737	== 2.11 Battery Analysis ==
4.2	738
31.2	739	=== 2.11.1 Battery Type ===
4.2	740
31.6	741	(((
4.2	742	The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
31.6	743	)))
4.2	744
31.6	745	(((
4.2	746	The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
31.6	747	)))
4.2	748
31.2	749	(((
31.6	750	(((
31.2	751	The battery-related documents are as below:
	752	)))
31.6	753	)))
4.2	754
31.2	755	* (((
	756	[[Battery Dimension>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/&file=LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf]],
4.2	757	)))
31.2	758	* (((
	759	[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER26500/ER26500_Datasheet-EN.pdf]],
	760	)))
	761	* (((
	762	[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg]], [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf]]
	763	)))
4.2	764
31.2	765	[[image:image-20220606171726-9.png]]
4.2	766
	767
	768
31.2	769	=== 2.11.2 Battery Note ===
4.2	770
31.3	771	(((
4.2	772	The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
31.3	773	)))
4.2	774
	775
	776
31.2	777	=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
	778
31.3	779	(((
4.2	780	If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
31.3	781	)))
4.2	782
31.3	783	(((
4.2	784	You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
31.3	785	)))
4.2	786
31.3	787	(((
4.2	788	The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
31.3	789	)))
4.2	790
	791
	792
9.2	793	= 3. Using the AT Commands =
4.2	794
9.2	795	== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
	796
11.4	797
4.2	798	LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
	799
31.28	800	[[image:1654501986557-872.png\|\|height="391" width="800"]]
4.2	801
	802
	803	Or if you have below board, use below connection:
	804
	805
31.28	806	[[image:1654502005655-729.png\|\|height="503" width="801"]]
4.2	807
	808
	809
11.2	810	In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)9600(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
4.2	811
	812
31.28	813	[[image:1654502050864-459.png\|\|height="564" width="806"]]
4.2	814
	815
	816	Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]
	817
	818
11.4	819	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? (%%) : Help on <CMD>
4.2	820
11.4	821	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> (%%) : Run <CMD>
4.2	822
11.4	823	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>(%%) : Set the value
4.2	824
11.4	825	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?(%%) : Get the value
4.2	826
	827
11.6	828	(% style="color:#037691" %)General Commands(%%)
4.2	829
11.6	830	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT(%%) : Attention
4.2	831
11.6	832	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT?(%%) : Short Help
4.2	833
11.6	834	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)ATZ(%%) : MCU Reset
4.2	835
11.6	836	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TDC(%%) : Application Data Transmission Interval
4.2	837
	838
11.4	839	(% style="color:#037691" %)Keys, IDs and EUIs management
4.2	840
11.6	841	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPEUI(%%) : Application EUI
4.2	842
11.6	843	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPKEY(%%) : Application Key
4.2	844
11.6	845	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPSKEY(%%) : Application Session Key
4.2	846
11.6	847	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DADDR(%%) : Device Address
4.2	848
11.6	849	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DEUI(%%) : Device EUI
4.2	850
11.6	851	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKID(%%) : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection)
4.2	852
11.6	853	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKSKEY(%%) : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network
4.2	854
11.6	855	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFM(%%) : Confirm Mode
4.2	856
11.6	857	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFS(%%) : Confirm Status
4.2	858
11.6	859	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JOIN(%%) : Join LoRa? Network
4.2	860
11.6	861	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJM(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Mode
4.2	862
11.6	863	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJS(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Status
4.2	864
11.6	865	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECV(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
4.2	866
11.6	867	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECVB(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format
4.2	868
11.6	869	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SEND(%%) : Send Text Data
4.2	870
11.6	871	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SENB(%%) : Send Hexadecimal Data
4.2	872
	873
11.4	874	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Network Management
4.2	875
11.6	876	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ADR(%%) : Adaptive Rate
4.2	877
11.6	878	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CLASS(%%) : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
4.2	879
11.6	880	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DCS(%%) : Duty Cycle Setting
4.2	881
11.6	882	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DR(%%) : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)
4.2	883
11.6	884	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCD(%%) : Frame Counter Downlink
4.2	885
11.6	886	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCU(%%) : Frame Counter Uplink
4.2	887
11.6	888	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN1DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay1
4.2	889
11.6	890	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN2DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay2
4.2	891
11.6	892	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PNM(%%) : Public Network Mode
4.2	893
11.6	894	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX1DL(%%) : Receive Delay1
4.2	895
11.6	896	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DL(%%) : Receive Delay2
4.2	897
11.6	898	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DR(%%) : Rx2 Window Data Rate
4.2	899
11.6	900	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2FQ(%%) : Rx2 Window Frequency
4.2	901
11.6	902	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TXP(%%) : Transmit Power
4.2	903
11.6	904	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ MOD(%%) : Set work mode
4.2	905
	906
11.4	907	(% style="color:#037691" %)Information
4.2	908
11.6	909	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RSSI(%%) : RSSI of the Last Received Packet
4.2	910
11.6	911	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SNR(%%) : SNR of the Last Received Packet
4.2	912
11.6	913	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+VER(%%) : Image Version and Frequency Band
4.2	914
11.6	915	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FDR(%%) : Factory Data Reset
4.2	916
11.6	917	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PORT(%%) : Application Port
4.2	918
11.6	919	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHS(%%) : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
4.2	920
11.6	921	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHE(%%) : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
4.2	922
	923
6.3	924	= 4. FAQ =
4.2	925
6.3	926	== 4.1 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
	927
31.35	928	(((
31.24	929	You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>\|\|anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
4.2	930	When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.
31.35	931	)))
4.2	932
31.35	933	(((
	934
	935	)))
4.2	936
31.35	937	(((
8.3	938	How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
31.35	939	)))
4.2	940
31.35	941	(((
	942
	943	)))
4.2	944
31.35	945	(((
4.2	946	You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
31.35	947	)))
4.2	948
31.35	949	(((
	950
	951	)))
4.2	952
31.35	953	(((
4.2	954	For example, in US915 band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
31.35	955	)))
4.2	956
8.2	957	[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
4.2	958
31.36	959
4.2	960	When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
	961
	962	* 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	963	* 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	964	* 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	965	* 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	966	* 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	967	* 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	968	* 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	969	* 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	970	* 904.6 - SF8BW500
	971
31.38	972	(((
4.2	973	Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
31.38	974	)))
4.2	975
8.3	976	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	977	(((
4.2	978	AT+CHE=2
8.3	979	)))
4.2	980
8.3	981	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	982	(((
4.2	983	ATZ
8.3	984	)))
4.2	985
31.38	986	(((
4.2	987	to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
31.38	988	)))
4.2	989
31.38	990	(((
	991
	992	)))
4.2	993
31.38	994	(((
4.2	995	The AU915 band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
31.38	996	)))
4.2	997
8.2	998	[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
4.2	999
	1000
	1001
4.8	1002	= 5. Trouble Shooting =
4.2	1003
4.9	1004	== 5.1 Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
	1005
4.11	1006	It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome\|\|anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details.
4.2	1007
	1008
4.10	1009	== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work ==
4.2	1010
31.29	1011	(((
6.2	1012	In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
31.29	1013	)))
4.2	1014
	1015
4.10	1016	== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
4.2	1017
6.2	1018	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Issue describe as below:
4.2	1019
6.2	1020	[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
4.2	1021
	1022
6.2	1023	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Cause for this issue:
4.2	1024
31.30	1025	(((
4.2	1026	The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
31.30	1027	)))
4.2	1028
	1029
6.2	1030	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Solution:
4.2	1031
	1032	All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
	1033
31.31	1034	[[image:1654500929571-736.png\|\|height="458" width="832"]]
4.2	1035
4.7	1036
4.4	1037	= 6. Order Info =
4.2	1038
	1039
4.6	1040	Part Number: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LSE01-XX-YY
4.2	1041
	1042
4.6	1043	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)XX(%%): The default frequency band
4.2	1044
4.4	1045	* (% style="color:red" %)AS923(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
	1046	* (% style="color:red" %)AU915(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
	1047	* (% style="color:red" %)EU433(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
	1048	* (% style="color:red" %)EU868(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
	1049	* (% style="color:red" %)KR920(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
	1050	* (% style="color:red" %)US915(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
4.5	1051	* (% style="color:red" %)IN865(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band
4.4	1052	* (% style="color:red" %)CN470(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
4.2	1053
4.4	1054	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)YY(%%): Battery Option
4.2	1055
4.4	1056	* (% style="color:red" %)4(%%): 4000mAh battery
	1057	* (% style="color:red" %)8(%%): 8500mAh battery
4.2	1058
31.10	1059	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
	1060	(((
	1061
	1062	)))
	1063
4.3	1064	= 7. Packing Info =
4.2	1065
4.3	1066	(((
31.39	1067
	1068
31.40	1069	(% style="color:#037691" %)Package Includes:
4.3	1070	)))
4.2	1071
4.3	1072	* (((
	1073	LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
	1074	)))
4.2	1075
4.3	1076	(((
31.40	1077
	1078
	1079	(% style="color:#037691" %)Dimension and weight:
4.3	1080	)))
4.2	1081
4.3	1082	* (((
	1083	Device Size: cm
	1084	)))
	1085	* (((
	1086	Device Weight: g
	1087	)))
	1088	* (((
	1089	Package Size / pcs : cm
	1090	)))
	1091	* (((
	1092	Weight / pcs : g
31.11	1093
	1094
	1095
4.3	1096	)))
4.2	1097
4.3	1098	= 8. Support =
4.2	1099
	1100	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
	1101	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
	1102
27.2	1103
32.3	1104	~)~)~)
	1105	~)~)~)
	1106	~)~)~)

Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

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