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Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2025/07/07 15:27
From version 40.4
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/30 10:48
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 60.1
edited by Mengting Qiu
on 2025/07/07 15:27
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.ting
Content
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1 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
2 -[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg||height="554" width="554"]]
1 +[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" height="554" width="554"]]
3 3  
4 4  
5 5  
... ... @@ -24,14 +24,13 @@
24 24  
25 25  == 1.1 ​What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
26 26  
27 -(((
28 -
29 29  
30 -The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
27 +(((
28 +The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
31 31  )))
32 32  
33 33  (((
34 -It detects (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Moisture**(%%), (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Temperature**(%%) and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Conductivity**(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
32 +It detects (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Moisture**(%%), (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Temperature**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Conductivity**(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
35 35  )))
36 36  
37 37  (((
... ... @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
39 39  )))
40 40  
41 41  (((
42 -LES01 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
40 +LES01 is powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
43 43  )))
44 44  
45 45  (((
... ... @@ -53,9 +53,9 @@
53 53  [[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
54 54  
55 55  
56 -
57 57  == 1.2 ​Features ==
58 58  
56 +
59 59  * LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
60 60  * Ultra low power consumption
61 61  * Monitor Soil Moisture
... ... @@ -68,45 +68,74 @@
68 68  * IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
69 69  * 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
70 70  
71 -
72 72  == 1.3 Specification ==
73 73  
71 +
74 74  Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
75 75  
76 -[[image:image-20220606162220-5.png]]
74 +(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
75 +|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:94px" %)**Parameter**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:145px" %)**Soil Moisture**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:135px" %)**Soil Conductivity**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:135px" %)**Soil Temperature**
76 +|(% style="width:95px" %)Range|(% style="width:146px" %)0-100.00%|(% style="width:137px" %)(((
77 +0-20000uS/cm
78 +(25℃)(0-20.0EC)
79 +)))|(% style="width:140px" %)-40.00℃～85.00℃
80 +|(% style="width:95px" %)Unit|(% style="width:146px" %)V/V %|(% style="width:137px" %)uS/cm|(% style="width:140px" %)℃
81 +|(% style="width:95px" %)Resolution|(% style="width:146px" %)0.01%|(% style="width:137px" %)1 uS/cm|(% style="width:140px" %)0.01℃
82 +|(% style="width:95px" %)Accuracy|(% style="width:146px" %)(((
83 +±3% (0-53%)
84 +±5% (>53%)
85 +)))|(% style="width:137px" %)2%FS|(% style="width:140px" %)(((
86 +-10℃～50℃:<0.3℃
87 +All other: <0.6℃
88 +)))
89 +|(% style="width:95px" %)(((
90 +Measure
91 +Method
92 +)))|(% style="width:146px" %)FDR , with temperature &EC compensate|(% style="width:137px" %)Conductivity , with temperature compensate|(% style="width:140px" %)RTD, and calibrate
77 77  
94 +== 1.4 Dimension ==
78 78  
79 79  
80 -== ​1.4 Applications ==
97 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Main Device Dimension:**
81 81  
82 -* Smart Agriculture
99 +See LSN50v2 from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Mechanical_Drawing/ >>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Mechanical_Drawing/]]
83 83  
84 -(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
85 -​
101 +[[image:image-20221008140228-2.png||height="358" width="571"]]
86 86  
87 -== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
88 88  
104 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Probe Dimension**
89 89  
90 -**LSE01 v1.0 :**  Release
106 +[[image:image-20221008135912-1.png]]
91 91  
92 92  
109 +== ​1.5 Applications ==
93 93  
111 +
112 +* Smart Agriculture​
113 +
114 +== 1.6 Firmware Change log ==
115 +
116 +
117 +**LSE01 v1.0 :**  Release
118 +
119 +
94 94  = 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
95 95  
96 96  == 2.1 How it works ==
97 97  
124 +
98 98  (((
99 99  The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
100 100  )))
101 101  
102 102  (((
103 -In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
130 +In case you can't set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
104 104  )))
105 105  
106 106  
107 -
108 108  == 2.2 ​Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
109 109  
136 +
110 110  Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
111 111  
112 112  
... ... @@ -120,41 +120,65 @@
120 120  
121 121  Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
122 122  
123 -[[image:image-20220606163732-6.jpeg]]
150 +[[image:image-20230426084640-1.png||height="201" width="433"]]
124 124  
152 +
125 125  You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
126 126  
127 -**Add APP EUI in the application**
155 +**Create the application.**
128 128  
157 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/SAC01L_LoRaWAN_Temperature%26Humidity_Sensor_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20250423093843-1.png?width=756&height=264&rev=1.1||alt="image-20250423093843-1.png"]]
129 129  
130 -[[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
159 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LTC2-LB--LoRaWAN_Temperature_Transmitter_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20240907111305-2.png?width=1000&height=572&rev=1.1||alt="image-20240907111305-2.png"]]
131 131  
132 132  
162 +**Add devices to the created Application.**
133 133  
134 -**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**
164 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LTC2-LB--LoRaWAN_Temperature_Transmitter_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20240907111659-3.png?width=977&height=185&rev=1.1||alt="image-20240907111659-3.png"]]
135 135  
136 -[[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
166 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LTC2-LB--LoRaWAN_Temperature_Transmitter_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20240907111820-5.png?width=975&height=377&rev=1.1||alt="image-20240907111820-5.png"]]
137 137  
138 138  
169 +**Enter end device specifics manually.**
139 139  
140 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on LSE01
171 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LTC2-LB--LoRaWAN_Temperature_Transmitter_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20240907112136-6.png?width=697&height=687&rev=1.1||alt="image-20240907112136-6.png"]]
141 141  
173 +**Add DevEUI and AppKey.**
142 142  
175 +**Customize a platform ID for the device.**
176 +
177 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LTC2-LB--LoRaWAN_Temperature_Transmitter_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20240907112427-7.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20240907112427-7.png"]]
178 +
179 +
180 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%):** Add decoder.**
181 +
182 +In TTN, user can add a custom payload so it shows friendly reading.
183 +
184 +Click this link to get the decoder: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/]]
185 +
186 +Below is TTN screen shot:
187 +
188 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS25-LBLDS25-LS--LoRaWAN_LiDAR_Distance_Auto-Clean_Sensor_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20241009140556-1.png?width=1184&height=488&rev=1.1||alt="image-20241009140556-1.png" height="488" width="1184"]]
189 +
190 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS25-LBLDS25-LS--LoRaWAN_LiDAR_Distance_Auto-Clean_Sensor_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20241009140603-2.png?width=1168&height=562&rev=1.1||alt="image-20241009140603-2.png"]]
191 +
192 +
193 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%): Power on LSE01
194 +
143 143  Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
144 144  
145 145  [[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
146 146  
147 147  
148 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:** The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
200 +The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
149 149  
150 150  [[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
151 151  
152 152  
153 -
154 154  == 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
155 155  
207 +=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode)(% style="display:none" %) (%%) ===
156 156  
157 -=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
158 158  
159 159  LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 
160 160  
... ... @@ -162,46 +162,32 @@
162 162  Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
163 163  )))
164 164  
165 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
166 -|(((
167 -**Size**
168 -
169 -**(bytes)**
170 -)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1**
171 -|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
216 +(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
217 +|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**1**
218 +|Value|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
172 172  Temperature
173 -
174 174  (Reserve, Ignore now)
175 175  )))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(((
176 -MOD & Digital Interrupt
177 -
178 -(Optional)
222 +MOD & Digital Interrupt(Optional)
179 179  )))
180 180  
181 -
182 182  === 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
183 183  
227 +
184 184  This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
185 185  
186 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
187 -|(((
188 -**Size**
189 -
190 -**(bytes)**
191 -)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1**
192 -|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
230 +(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
231 +|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**1**
232 +|Value|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
193 193  Temperature
194 -
195 195  (Reserve, Ignore now)
196 -)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|(((
197 -MOD & Digital Interrupt
198 -
199 -(Optional)
235 +)))|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)|Dielectric constant(raw)|(((
236 +MOD & Digital Interrupt(Optional)
200 200  )))
201 201  
202 -
203 203  === 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
204 204  
241 +
205 205  (((
206 206  Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
207 207  )))
... ... @@ -215,31 +215,23 @@
215 215  )))
216 216  
217 217  
218 -
219 219  === 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
220 220  
257 +
221 221  (((
222 222  Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
223 223  )))
224 224  
225 225  (((
226 -For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
263 +For example, if the data you get from the register is **__0x05 0xDC__**, the moisture content in the soil is (% style="color:blue" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
227 227  )))
228 228  
229 -(((
230 -
231 -)))
232 232  
233 -(((
234 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
235 -)))
236 -
237 -
238 -
239 239  === 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
240 240  
269 +
241 241  (((
242 - Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
271 +Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
243 243  )))
244 244  
245 245  (((
... ... @@ -255,9 +255,9 @@
255 255  )))
256 256  
257 257  
258 -
259 259  === 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
260 260  
289 +
261 261  (((
262 262  Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble salt concentration__**(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__**(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__planting medium__**(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
263 263  )))
... ... @@ -274,20 +274,17 @@
274 274  
275 275  )))
276 276  
277 -(((
278 -
279 -)))
280 -
281 281  === 2.3.7 MOD ===
282 282  
283 -Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
284 284  
309 +Firmware version at least v1.2.1 supports changing mode.
310 +
285 285  For example, bytes[10]=90
286 286  
287 287  mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
288 288  
289 289  
290 -**Downlink Command:**
316 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**
291 291  
292 292  If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
293 293  
... ... @@ -294,9 +294,9 @@
294 294  If** **payload =** **0x0A01, workmode=1
295 295  
296 296  
297 -
298 298  === 2.3.8 ​Decode payload in The Things Network ===
299 299  
325 +
300 300  While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
301 301  
302 302  
... ... @@ -307,37 +307,40 @@
307 307  )))
308 308  
309 309  (((
310 -LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0]]
336 +LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder:  [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/blob/main/LSE01/LSE01_TTN%20Decoder%20V1.2.1.txt>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/blob/main/LSE01/LSE01_TTN%20Decoder%20V1.2.1.txt]]
337 +
338 +
311 311  )))
312 312  
313 -
314 314  == 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
315 315  
343 +
316 316  The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
317 317  
318 318  
319 -
320 320  == 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
321 321  
322 -By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
323 323  
324 -[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
350 +By default, LSE01 prints the downlink payload to console port.
325 325  
352 +(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
353 +|=(% style="width: 183px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Downlink Control Type**|=(% style="width: 55px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)FPort|=(% style="width: 93px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Type Code**|=(% style="width: 179px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Downlink payload size(bytes)**
354 +|(% style="width:183px" %)TDC (Transmit Time Interval)|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)01|(% style="width:146px" %)4
355 +|(% style="width:183px" %)RESET|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)04|(% style="width:146px" %)2
356 +|(% style="width:183px" %)AT+CFM|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)05|(% style="width:146px" %)4
357 +|(% style="width:183px" %)INTMOD|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)06|(% style="width:146px" %)4
358 +|(% style="width:183px" %)MOD|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)0A|(% style="width:146px" %)2
326 326  
327 327  (((
328 328  (% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:**
329 329  )))
330 330  
331 -(((
332 -
333 -)))
334 -
335 335  * (((
336 336  (% style="color:blue" %)**Set TDC**
337 337  )))
338 338  
339 339  (((
340 -If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
369 +If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
341 341  )))
342 342  
343 343  (((
... ... @@ -361,14 +361,15 @@
361 361  )))
362 362  
363 363  
393 +
364 364  * (% style="color:blue" %)**CFM**
365 365  
366 366  Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
367 367  
368 368  
369 -
370 370  == 2.6 ​Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
371 371  
401 +
372 372  (((
373 373  [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
374 374  )))
... ... @@ -405,14 +405,15 @@
405 405  [[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
406 406  
407 407  
408 -
409 409  == 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
410 410  
440 +
411 411  The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
412 412  
413 413  
414 414  === 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
415 415  
446 +
416 416  (% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
417 417  
418 418  868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
... ... @@ -441,9 +441,9 @@
441 441  869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
442 442  
443 443  
444 -
445 445  === 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
446 446  
477 +
447 447  Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
448 448  
449 449  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
... ... @@ -486,9 +486,9 @@
486 486  923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
487 487  
488 488  
489 -
490 490  === 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
491 491  
522 +
492 492  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
493 493  
494 494  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
... ... @@ -531,9 +531,9 @@
531 531  505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
532 532  
533 533  
534 -
535 535  === 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
536 536  
567 +
537 537  Default use CHE=2
538 538  
539 539  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
... ... @@ -576,9 +576,9 @@
576 576  923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
577 577  
578 578  
579 -
580 580  === 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
581 581  
612 +
582 582  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Default Uplink channel:**
583 583  
584 584  923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -627,9 +627,9 @@
627 627  923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
628 628  
629 629  
630 -
631 631  === 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
632 632  
663 +
633 633  Default channel:
634 634  
635 635  922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
... ... @@ -663,9 +663,9 @@
663 663  921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
664 664  
665 665  
666 -
667 667  === 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
668 668  
699 +
669 669  (% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
670 670  
671 671  865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
... ... @@ -682,10 +682,9 @@
682 682  866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
683 683  
684 684  
685 -
686 -
687 687  == 2.8 LED Indicator ==
688 688  
718 +
689 689  The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
690 690  
691 691  * Blink once when device power on.
... ... @@ -692,12 +692,11 @@
692 692  * Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
693 693  * Blink once when device transmit a packet.
694 694  
695 -
696 696  == 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
697 697  
727 +
698 698  **Measurement the soil surface**
699 699  
700 -
701 701  [[image:1654506634463-199.png]] ​
702 702  
703 703  (((
... ... @@ -707,7 +707,6 @@
707 707  )))
708 708  
709 709  
710 -
711 711  [[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
712 712  
713 713  (((
... ... @@ -721,19 +721,12 @@
721 721  
722 722  == 2.10 ​Firmware Change Log ==
723 723  
724 -(((
725 -**Firmware download link:**
726 -)))
727 727  
728 728  (((
729 -[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
754 +**Firmware download link:  **[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/8ixj7zgt477ip51/AADLrib9Oe6IuOpPF5o1GPf9a?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/8ixj7zgt477ip51/AADLrib9Oe6IuOpPF5o1GPf9a?dl=0]]
730 730  )))
731 731  
732 732  (((
733 -
734 -)))
735 -
736 -(((
737 737  **Firmware Upgrade Method: **[[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
738 738  )))
739 739  
... ... @@ -750,62 +750,14 @@
750 750  )))
751 751  
752 752  
753 -== 2.11 ​Battery Analysis ==
774 +== 2.11 Battery & Power Consumption ==
754 754  
755 -=== 2.11.1 ​Battery Type ===
756 756  
757 -(((
758 -The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
759 -)))
777 +LSE01 uses ER26500 + SPC1520 battery pack. See below link for detail information about the battery info and how to replace.
760 760  
761 -(((
762 -The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
763 -)))
779 +[[**Battery Info & Power Consumption Analyze**>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/How%20to%20calculate%20the%20battery%20life%20of%20Dragino%20sensors%3F/]] .
764 764  
765 -(((
766 -(((
767 -The battery-related documents are as below:
768 -)))
769 -)))
770 770  
771 -* (((
772 -[[Battery Dimension>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
773 -)))
774 -* (((
775 -[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery  datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
776 -)))
777 -* (((
778 -[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]], [[Tech Spec>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]]
779 -)))
780 -
781 - [[image:image-20220610172436-1.png]]
782 -
783 -
784 -
785 -=== 2.11.2 ​Battery Note ===
786 -
787 -(((
788 -The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
789 -)))
790 -
791 -
792 -
793 -=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
794 -
795 -(((
796 -If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
797 -)))
798 -
799 -(((
800 -You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
801 -)))
802 -
803 -(((
804 -The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
805 -)))
806 -
807 -
808 -
809 809  = 3. ​Using the AT Commands =
810 810  
811 811  == 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
... ... @@ -813,16 +813,16 @@
813 813  
814 814  LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
815 815  
816 -[[image:1654501986557-872.png||height="391" width="800"]]
817 817  
790 +[[image:image-20231111095033-3.png||height="591" width="855"]]
818 818  
792 +
819 819  Or if you have below board, use below connection:
820 820  
821 821  
822 -[[image:1654502005655-729.png||height="503" width="801"]]
796 +[[image:image-20231109094023-1.png]]
823 823  
824 824  
825 -
826 826  In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
827 827  
828 828  
... ... @@ -829,16 +829,16 @@
829 829   [[image:1654502050864-459.png||height="564" width="806"]]
830 830  
831 831  
832 -Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]
805 +Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]].
833 833  
834 834  
835 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? **(%%) : Help on <CMD>
808 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>? **(%%) : Help on <CMD>
836 836  
837 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> **(%%) : Run <CMD>
810 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD> **(%%) : Run <CMD>
838 838  
839 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>**(%%) : Set the value
812 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=<value>**(%%)  : Set the value
840 840  
841 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?**(%%)  : Get the value
814 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?**(%%)  : Get the value
842 842  
843 843  
844 844  (% style="color:#037691" %)**General Commands**(%%)      
... ... @@ -941,6 +941,7 @@
941 941  
942 942  == 4.1 ​How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
943 943  
917 +
944 944  (((
945 945  You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
946 946  When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. ​
... ... @@ -947,18 +947,10 @@
947 947  )))
948 948  
949 949  (((
950 -
951 -)))
952 -
953 -(((
954 954  How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
955 955  )))
956 956  
957 957  (((
958 -
959 -)))
960 -
961 -(((
962 962  You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
963 963  )))
964 964  
... ... @@ -968,11 +968,23 @@
968 968  
969 969  (((
970 970  For example, in **US915** band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
937 +
938 +(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
939 +|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:45px" %)**CHE**|(% colspan="9" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:465px" %)**US915 Uplink Channels(125KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
940 +|(% style="width:47px" %)0|(% colspan="9" style="width:542px" %)ENABLE Channel 0-63
941 +|(% style="width:47px" %)1|(% style="width:54px" %)902.3|(% style="width:53px" %)902.5|(% style="width:55px" %)902.7|(% style="width:53px" %)902.9|(% style="width:49px" %)903.1|(% style="width:52px" %)903.3|(% style="width:51px" %)903.5|(% style="width:51px" %)903.7|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 0-7
942 +|(% style="width:47px" %)2|(% style="width:54px" %)903.9|(% style="width:53px" %)904.1|(% style="width:55px" %)904.3|(% style="width:53px" %)904.5|(% style="width:49px" %)904.7|(% style="width:52px" %)904.9|(% style="width:51px" %)905.1|(% style="width:51px" %)905.3|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 8-15
943 +|(% style="width:47px" %)3|(% style="width:54px" %)905.5|(% style="width:53px" %)905.7|(% style="width:55px" %)905.9|(% style="width:53px" %)906.1|(% style="width:49px" %)906.3|(% style="width:52px" %)906.5|(% style="width:51px" %)906.7|(% style="width:51px" %)906.9|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 16-23
944 +|(% style="width:47px" %)4|(% style="width:54px" %)907.1|(% style="width:53px" %)907.3|(% style="width:55px" %)907.5|(% style="width:53px" %)907.7|(% style="width:49px" %)907.9|(% style="width:52px" %)908.1|(% style="width:51px" %)908.3|(% style="width:51px" %)908.5|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 24-31
945 +|(% style="width:47px" %)5|(% style="width:54px" %)908.7|(% style="width:53px" %)908.9|(% style="width:55px" %)909.1|(% style="width:53px" %)909.3|(% style="width:49px" %)909.5|(% style="width:52px" %)909.7|(% style="width:51px" %)909.9|(% style="width:51px" %)910.1|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 32-39
946 +|(% style="width:47px" %)6|(% style="width:54px" %)910.3|(% style="width:53px" %)910.5|(% style="width:55px" %)910.7|(% style="width:53px" %)910.9|(% style="width:49px" %)911.1|(% style="width:52px" %)911.3|(% style="width:51px" %)911.5|(% style="width:51px" %)911.7|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 40-47
947 +|(% style="width:47px" %)7|(% style="width:54px" %)911.9|(% style="width:53px" %)912.1|(% style="width:55px" %)912.3|(% style="width:53px" %)912.5|(% style="width:49px" %)912.7|(% style="width:52px" %)912.9|(% style="width:51px" %)913.1|(% style="width:51px" %)913.3|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 48-55
948 +|(% style="width:47px" %)8|(% style="width:54px" %)913.5|(% style="width:53px" %)913.7|(% style="width:55px" %)913.9|(% style="width:53px" %)914.1|(% style="width:49px" %)914.3|(% style="width:52px" %)914.5|(% style="width:51px" %)914.7|(% style="width:51px" %)914.9|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 56-63
949 +|(% colspan="10" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:589px" %)**Channels(500KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
950 +|(% style="width:47px" %) |(% style="width:54px" %)903|(% style="width:53px" %)904.6|(% style="width:55px" %)906.2|(% style="width:53px" %)907.8|(% style="width:49px" %)909.4|(% style="width:52px" %)911|(% style="width:51px" %)912.6|(% style="width:51px" %)914.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 64-71
971 971  )))
972 972  
973 -[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
974 974  
975 -
976 976  When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
977 977  
978 978  * 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -1004,32 +1004,52 @@
1004 1004  
1005 1005  (((
1006 1006  The **AU915** band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
985 +
986 +(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
987 +|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:45px" %)**CHE**|(% colspan="9" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:465px" %)**AU915 Uplink Channels(125KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
988 +|(% style="width:45px" %)0|(% colspan="9" style="width:540px" %)ENABLE Channel 0-63
989 +|(% style="width:45px" %)1|(% style="width:51px" %)915.2|(% style="width:51px" %)915.4|(% style="width:51px" %)915.6|(% style="width:52px" %)915.8|(% style="width:51px" %)916|(% style="width:51px" %)916.2|(% style="width:53px" %)916.4|(% style="width:51px" %)916.6|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 0-7
990 +|(% style="width:45px" %)2|(% style="width:51px" %)916.8|(% style="width:51px" %)917|(% style="width:51px" %)917.2|(% style="width:52px" %)917.4|(% style="width:51px" %)917.6|(% style="width:51px" %)917.8|(% style="width:53px" %)918|(% style="width:51px" %)918.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 8-15
991 +|(% style="width:45px" %)3|(% style="width:51px" %)918.4|(% style="width:51px" %)918.6|(% style="width:51px" %)918.8|(% style="width:52px" %)919|(% style="width:51px" %)919.2|(% style="width:51px" %)919.4|(% style="width:53px" %)919.6|(% style="width:51px" %)919.8|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 16-23
992 +|(% style="width:45px" %)4|(% style="width:51px" %)920|(% style="width:51px" %)920.2|(% style="width:51px" %)920.4|(% style="width:52px" %)920.6|(% style="width:51px" %)920.8|(% style="width:51px" %)921|(% style="width:53px" %)921.2|(% style="width:51px" %)921.4|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 24-31
993 +|(% style="width:45px" %)5|(% style="width:51px" %)921.6|(% style="width:51px" %)921.8|(% style="width:51px" %)922|(% style="width:52px" %)922.2|(% style="width:51px" %)922.4|(% style="width:51px" %)922.6|(% style="width:53px" %)922.8|(% style="width:51px" %)923|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 32-39
994 +|(% style="width:45px" %)6|(% style="width:51px" %)923.2|(% style="width:51px" %)923.4|(% style="width:51px" %)923.6|(% style="width:52px" %)923.8|(% style="width:51px" %)924|(% style="width:51px" %)924.2|(% style="width:53px" %)924.4|(% style="width:51px" %)924.6|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 40-47
995 +|(% style="width:45px" %)7|(% style="width:51px" %)924.8|(% style="width:51px" %)925|(% style="width:51px" %)925.2|(% style="width:52px" %)925.4|(% style="width:51px" %)925.6|(% style="width:51px" %)925.8|(% style="width:53px" %)926|(% style="width:51px" %)926.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 48-55
996 +|(% style="width:45px" %)8|(% style="width:51px" %)926.4|(% style="width:51px" %)926.6|(% style="width:51px" %)926.8|(% style="width:52px" %)927|(% style="width:51px" %)927.2|(% style="width:51px" %)927.4|(% style="width:53px" %)927.6|(% style="width:51px" %)927.8|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 56-63
997 +|(% colspan="10" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:586px" %)**Channels(500KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
998 +|(% style="width:45px" %) |(% style="width:51px" %)915.9|(% style="width:51px" %)917.5|(% style="width:51px" %)919.1|(% style="width:52px" %)920.7|(% style="width:51px" %)922.3|(% style="width:51px" %)923.9|(% style="width:53px" %)925.5|(% style="width:51px" %)927.1|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 64-71
1007 1007  )))
1008 1008  
1009 -[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
1010 1010  
1011 1011  
1003 +
1012 1012  == 4.2 ​Can I calibrate LSE01 to different soil types? ==
1013 1013  
1014 -LSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/&file=Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20220605.pdf]].
1015 1015  
1007 +(((
1008 +LSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20230522.pdf]].
1009 +)))
1016 1016  
1011 +
1017 1017  = 5. Trouble Shooting =
1018 1018  
1019 -== 5.1 ​Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
1014 +== 5.1 ​Why I can't join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
1020 1020  
1021 -It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome||anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details.
1022 1022  
1017 +It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.19EightChannelMode"]] section above for details.
1023 1023  
1024 -== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work ==
1025 1025  
1020 +== 5.2 AT Command input doesn't work ==
1021 +
1022 +
1026 1026  (((
1027 -In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
1024 +In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
1028 1028  )))
1029 1029  
1030 1030  
1031 1031  == 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
1032 1032  
1030 +
1033 1033  (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Issue describe as below:**
1034 1034  
1035 1035  [[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
... ... @@ -1044,11 +1044,63 @@
1044 1044  
1045 1045  (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Solution: **
1046 1046  
1045 +(((
1047 1047  All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
1047 +)))
1048 1048  
1049 1049  [[image:1654500929571-736.png||height="458" width="832"]]
1050 1050  
1051 1051  
1052 +== 5.4 Possible reasons why the device is unresponsive： ==
1053 +
1054 +~1. Check whether the battery voltage is lower than 2.8V
1055 +2. Check whether the jumper of the device is correctly connected
1056 +
1057 +[[image:image-20240330173910-1.png]]
1058 +3. Check whether the switch here of the device is at the ISP（The switch can operate normally only when it is in RUN）
1059 +
1060 +[[image:image-20240330173932-2.png]]
1061 +
1062 += =
1063 +
1064 +
1065 +== 5.4 The node cannot read the sensor data ==
1066 +
1067 +This may be caused by a software firmware(≤1.1.6 version) bug, which we fixed in the latest firmware (>1.1.6 version)
1068 +
1069 +The user can fix this problem via upgrade firmware.
1070 +
1071 +By default, The latest firmware value of POWERIC is 1, while the 3322 version requires POWERIC to be set to 0 in order to function properly
1072 +
1073 +* **//1. Check if the hardware version is 3322//**
1074 +
1075 +If the sensor hardware version is 3322 or earlier, the user can change the POWERIC value to 0 after a firmware upgrade using one of the following methods
1076 +
1077 +
1078 +**a. Using AT command**
1079 +
1080 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
1081 +(((
1082 +AT+POWERIC=0.
1083 +)))
1084 +
1085 +
1086 +**b. Using Downlink**
1087 +
1088 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
1089 +(((
1090 +FF 00(AT+POWERIC=0).
1091 +)))
1092 +
1093 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDDS75%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Distance%20Detection%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20240531090837-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20240531090837-1.png"]]
1094 +
1095 +Please check your hardware production date
1096 +
1097 +The first two digits are the week of the year, and the last two digits are the year.
1098 +
1099 +The number 3322 is the first batch we changed the power IC.
1100 +
1101 +
1052 1052  = 6. ​Order Info =
1053 1053  
1054 1054  
... ... @@ -1074,6 +1074,8 @@
1074 1074  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
1075 1075  (((
1076 1076  
1127 +
1128 +
1077 1077  )))
1078 1078  
1079 1079  = 7. Packing Info =
... ... @@ -1106,10 +1106,13 @@
1106 1106  * (((
1107 1107  Weight / pcs : g
1108 1108  
1161 +
1109 1109  
1110 1110  )))
1111 1111  
1112 1112  = 8. Support =
1113 1113  
1167 +
1114 1114  * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1169 +
1115 1115  * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
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