LHT65-PIR Temperature/Humidity/PIR Sensor User Manual

Version 12.1 by Edwin Chen on 2023/04/09 08:41

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Table of Contents：

1. Introduction

1.1 What is LHT65N-PIR Temperature,Humidity & PIR Sensor

The Dragino LHT65N-PIR Temperature, Humidity & PIR sensor is a Long Range LoRaWAN Sensor.It includes a built-in Temperature & Humidity sensor and has an external PIR Probe. LHT65N-PIR can detect environment Temperature & Humdity, it also detects People Activity via PIR probe and them send these info to LoRaWAN IoT Server.

The LHT65N-PIR allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, building automation, and so on.

LHT65N-PIR has a built-in 2400mAh non-chargeable battery which can be used for more than 5 years*.

LHT65N-PIR supports wireless configure & OTA update which make user easy to use.

LHT65N-PIR is fully compatible with LoRaWAN v1.0.3 Class A protocol, it can work with a standard LoRaWAN gateway.

**The actual battery life depends on how often to send data, please see battery analyzer chapter.

1.2 Features

  • LoRaWAN v1.0.3 Class A protocol
  • Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915
  • AT Commands to change parameters
  • Remote configure parameters via LoRaWAN Downlink
  • Support wireless OTA update firmware
  • Firmware upgradeable via program port
  • Built-in 2400mAh battery for up to 5 years of use.
  • Built-in Temperature & Humidity sensor
  • External PIR Sensor
  • Tri-color LED to indicate working status 

1.3 Specification

Built-in Temperature Sensor:

  • Resolution: 0.01 °C
  • Accuracy Tolerance : Typ ±0.3 °C
  • Long Term Drift: < 0.02 °C/yr
  • Operating Range: -40 ~ 85 °C

Built-in Humidity Sensor:

  • Resolution: 0.04 %RH
  • Accuracy Tolerance : Typ ±3 %RH
  • Long Term Drift: < 0.02 °C/yr
  • Operating Range: 0 ~ 96 %RH

External PIR Sensor:

  • Base on BH1750 Illumination Sensor
  • Cable Length : 50cm
  • Resolution: 1 lx
  • Range: 0-65535 lx
  • Operating Range: -40 °C ~ 85 °C
  •  

2. Connect LHT65N-PIR to IoT Server

2.1 How does LHT65N-PIR work?

LHT65N-PIR is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A sensor by default. Each LHT65N-PIR is shipped with a worldwide unique set of OTAA keys. To use LHT65N-PIR in a LoRaWAN network, first, we need to put the OTAA keys in LoRaWAN Network Server and then activate LHT65N-PIR.

If LHT65N-PIR is within the coverage of this LoRaWAN network. LHT65N-PIR can join the LoRaWAN network automatically. After successfully joining, LHT65N-PIR will start to measure environment temperature, humidity & people activity, and start to transmit sensor data to the LoRaWAN server. The default period for each uplink is 20 minutes.

2.2 How to Activate LHT65N-PIR?

The LHT65N-PIR has two working modes:

  • Deep Sleep Mode: LHT65N-PIR doesn't have any LoRaWAN activation. This mode is used for storage and shipping to save battery life.
  • Working Mode:     In this mode, LHT65N-PIR works as LoRaWAN Sensor mode to Join LoRaWAN network and send out the sensor data to the server. Between each sampling/tx/rx periodically, LHT65N-PIR will be in STOP mode (IDLE mode), in STOP mode, the PIR sensor is still working to detect people activity in low power consumption.

The LHT65N-PIR is set in deep sleep mode by default; The ACT button on the front is to switch to different modes:

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2.3 Example to join LoRaWAN network

This section shows an example of how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN IoT server. Use with other LoRaWAN IoT servers is of a similar procedure.

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Assume the LPS8v2 is already set to connect to TTN V3 network, So it provides network coverage for LHT65N-PIR. Next we need to add the LHT65N-PIR device in TTN V3:

2.3.1 Step 1: Create Device n TTN

Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from LHT65N-PIR.

Each LHT65N-PIR is shipped with a sticker with its device EUI, APP Key and APP EUI as below:

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User can enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screenshot:

Add APP EUI in the application.

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Note: LHT65N-PIR use same payload decoder as LHT65.

Input APP EUI,  APP KEY and DEV EUI:

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2.3.2 Step 2: Activate LHT65N-PIR by pressing the ACT button for more than 5 seconds.

Use ACT button to activate LHT65N-PIR and it will auto-join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload sensor data to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
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2.4 Uplink Payload   ( Fport=2)

The uplink payload includes totally 11 bytes. Uplink packets use FPORT=2 and every 20 minutes send one uplink by default. 

After each uplink, the BLUE LED will blink once.

Size(bytes)

2

2

2

1

4

Value

Ext #

  • The First 6 bytes: has fix meanings for every LHT65N-PIR.
  • The 7th byte (EXT #): defines the external sensor model. It can be 0x0A for LHT65N-PIR
  • The 8th byte: Alarm Bit (if this uplink is from periodically or movement)
  • The 9th ~ 11st  byte: Movement Detect Count.

2.4.1 Decoder in TTN V3

When the uplink payload arrives TTNv3, it shows HEX format and not friendly to read. We can add LHT65N-PIR decoder in TTNv3 for friendly reading.

Below is the position to put the decoder and LHT65N-PIR decoder can be download from here: https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder

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2.4.2 BAT-Battery Info

These two bytes of BAT include the battery state and the actually voltage

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Check the battery voltage for LHT65N-PIR.

  • BAT status=(0xcba4>>14)&0xFF=11(B)，very good
  • Battery Voltage =0xCBF6&0x3FFF=0x0BA4=2980mV

2.4.3 Built-in Temperature

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  • Temperature:  0x0ABB/100=27.47℃

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  • Temperature:  (0xF5C6-65536)/100=-26.18℃

2.4.4 Built-in Humidity

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  • Humidity:    0x025C/10=60.4%

2.4.5 Ext value

2.4.5.1 Ext=0x0A, PIR Sensor

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2.4.5.2 Ext Value

There are 4 bytes in Ext Value field.

Bit0 of byte 8th shows if this uplink is generate by PIR activity.

The 8th byte

Bit 1~7

Bit 0

Value

Reserve

0: Normal Uplink

1: Uplink by activity detected

Note: Uplink by activity is disable by default.

The 9th ~ 11st  byte: Movement Detect Count.

0x00 E5 09 : Total detect 58633 activity since end node start.

2.5 Show data on Datacake

Datacake IoT platform provides a human-friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have sensor data in TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are the steps:

Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the LoRaWAN network.

Step 2: Configure your Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. Go to TTN V3 Console --> Applications --> Integrations --> Add Integrations.

Add Datacake:

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Select default key as Access Key:

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In Datacake console (https://datacake.co/) , add LHT65 device.

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2.8 LED Indicator

The LHT65N-PIR has a triple color LED which for easy showing different stage .

While user press ACT button, the LED will work as per LED status with ACT button.

In a normal working state:

  • For each uplink, the BLUE LED or RED LED will blink once.
    BLUE LED when external sensor is connected.
  • RED LED when external sensor is not connected
  • For each success downlink, the PURPLE LED will blink once

2.9 installation

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3. Sensors and Accessories

3.1 E2 Extension Cable

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1m long breakout cable for LHT65N-E5. Features:

  • Use for AT Command

  • Update firmware for LHT65N-PIR

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4. Configure LHT65N-PIR via AT command or LoRaWAN downlink

Use can configure LHT65N-E5 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.

  • AT Command Connection: See FAQ.

There are two kinds of commands to configure LHT65N-E5, they are:

  • General Commands.

These commands are to configure:

  1. General system settings like: uplink interval.

  2. LoRaWAN protocol & radio-related commands.

They are the same for all Dragino Devices which supports DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack(Note**). These commands can be found on the wiki: End Device Downlink Command

  • Commands special design for LHT65N-E5

These commands are only valid for LHT65N-E5, as below:

4.1 Set Transmit Interval Time

Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.

AT Command: AT+TDC

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Downlink Command: 0x01

Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.

If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.

  • Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E         // Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
  • Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C         // Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds

4.2 Currently only supports E5

Feature: Set device password, max 9 digits

AT Command: AT+EXT

Command ExampleFunctionResponse
AT+EXT=?Get or Set external sensor model

5

OK

AT+EXT=5Set external sensor mode to 5

Downlink Command:0xA2

Total bytes: 2 bytes

Example:

  • 0xA205: Set external sensor type to E5

4.3 Set to sleep mode

Feature: Set device to sleep mode

  • AT+Sleep=0  : Normal working mode, device will sleep and use lower power when there is no LoRa message
  • AT+Sleep=1 :  Device is in deep sleep mode, no LoRa activation happen, used for storage or shipping.

AT Command: AT+SLEEP

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Downlink Command:

  • There is no downlink command to set to Sleep mode.

5. Battery & How to replace

5.1 Battery Type

LHT65N-E5 is equipped with a 2400mAH Li-MnO2 (CR17505) battery . The battery is an un-rechargeable battery with low discharge rate targeting for up to 8~10 years use. This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices for long-term running, such as water meters.

The discharge curve is not linear so can't simply use percentage to show the battery level. Below is the battery performance.

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The minimum Working Voltage for the LHT65N-E5 is ~ 2.5v. When battery is lower than 2.6v, it is time to change the battery.
 

5.2 Replace Battery

LHT65N-E5 has two screws on the back, Unscrew them, and changing the battery inside is ok. The battery is a general CR17450 battery (3.0v). Any brand should be ok.

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5.3 Battery Life Analyze

Dragino battery-powered products are all run in Low Power mode. User can check the guideline from this link to calculate the estimated battery life:
https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Guide.pdf

A full detail test report for LHT65N-E5 on different frequency can be found at : https://www.dropbox.com/sh/r2i3zlhsyrpavla/AAB1sZw3mdT0K7XjpHCITt13a?dl=0

6. FAQ

6.1 How to use AT Command?

LHT65N-E5 supports AT Command set.User can use a USB to TTL adapter plus the Program Cable to connect to LHT65 for using AT command, as below.

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In PC, User needs to set serial tool(such as putty, SecureCRT) baud rate to 9600 to access to access serial console for LHT65N-E5. The AT commands are disable by default and need to enter password (default:123456) to active it. Timeout to input AT Command is 5 min, after 5-minute, user need to input password again. User can use AT+DISAT command to disable AT command before timeout.

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AT Command List is as below:

AT+<CMD>? :                  Help on <CMD>

AT+<CMD> :                   Run <CMD>

AT+<CMD>=<value> :   Set the value

AT+<CMD>=? :               Get the value

AT+DEBUG:    Set more info output

ATZ:                Trig a reset of the MCU

AT+FDR:         Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve

AT+DEUI:       Get or Set the Device EUI

AT+DADDR:   Get or Set the Device Address

AT+APPKEY:   Get or Set the Application Key

AT+NWKSKEY:   Get or Set the Network Session Key

AT+APPSKEY:     Get or Set the Application Session Key

AT+APPEUI:        Get or Set the Application EUI

AT+ADR:       Get or Set the Adaptive Data Rate setting. (0: off, 1: on)

AT+TXP:        Get or Set the Transmit Power (0-5, MAX:0, MIN:5, according to LoRaWAN Spec)

AT+DR:         Get or Set the Data Rate. (0-7 corresponding to DR_X)

AT+DCS:       Get or Set the ETSI Duty Cycle setting - 0=disable, 1=enable - Only for testing

AT+PNM:      Get or Set the public network mode. (0: off, 1: on)

AT+RX2FQ:    Get or Set the Rx2 window frequency

AT+RX2DR:    Get or Set the Rx2 window data rate (0-7 corresponding to DR_X)

AT+RX1DL:    Get or Set the delay between the end of the Tx and the Rx Window 1 in ms

AT+RX2DL:    Get or Set the delay between the end of the Tx and the Rx Window 2 in ms

AT+JN1DL:     Get or Set the Join Accept Delay between the end of the Tx and the Join Rx Window 1 in ms

AT+JN2DL:     Get or Set the Join Accept Delay between the end of the Tx and the Join Rx Window 2 in ms

AT+NJM:        Get or Set the Network Join Mode. (0: ABP, 1: OTAA)

AT+NWKID:    Get or Set the Network ID

AT+FCU:        Get or Set the Frame Counter Uplink

AT+FCD:        Get or Set the Frame Counter Downlink

AT+CLASS:    Get or Set the Device Class

AT+JOIN:       Join network

AT+NJS:        Get the join status

AT+SENDB:   Send hexadecimal data along with the application port

AT+SEND:     Send text data along with the application port

AT+RECVB:    Print last received data in binary format (with hexadecimal values)

AT+RECV:      Print last received data in raw format

AT+VER:        Get current image version and Frequency Band

AT+CFM:       Get or Set the confirmation mode (0-1)

AT+CFS:        Get confirmation status of the last AT+SEND (0-1)

AT+SNR:       Get the SNR of the last received packet

AT+RSSI:       Get the RSSI of the last received packet

AT+TDC:       Get or set the application data transmission interval in ms

AT+PORT:     Get or set the application port

AT+DISAT:    Disable AT commands

AT+PWORD: Set password, max 9 digits

AT+CHS:       Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode

AT+CHE:       Get or Set eight channels mode,Only for US915,AU915,CN470

AT+PDTA:      Print the sector data from start page to stop page

AT+PLDTA:    Print the last few sets of data

AT+CLRDTA:  Clear the storage, record position back to 1st

AT+SLEEP:     Set sleep mode

AT+EXT:        Get or Set external sensor model

AT+BAT:        Get the current battery voltage in mV

AT+CFG:        Print all configurations

AT+WMOD:   Get or Set Work Mode

AT+ARTEMP:  Get or set the internal Temperature sensor alarm range

AT+CITEMP:   Get or set the internal Temperature sensor collection interval in min

AT+SETCNT:   Set the count at present

AT+RJTDC:     Get or set the ReJoin data transmission interval in min

AT+RPL:         Get or set response level

AT+TIMESTAMP:   Get or Set UNIX timestamp in second

AT+LEAPSEC:        Get or Set Leap Second

AT+SYNCMOD:    Get or Set time synchronization method

AT+SYNCTDC:      Get or set time synchronization interval in day

AT+PID:                Get or set the PID

6.2 Where to use AT commands and Downlink commands

AT commands：

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Downlink commands:

TTN:

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Helium：

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Chirpstack: The downlink window will not be displayed until the network is accessed

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Aws:

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6.3 How to change the uplink interval？

Please see this link: http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/How%20to%20set%20the%20transmit%20time%20interval/ 

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6.4 How to use TTL-USB to connect PC to upgrade firmware?

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Step1: Install TremoProgrammer  first.

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Step2：wiring method. 

First connect the four lines； 

image-20220621170938-1.png， 

Then use DuPont cable to short circuit port3 and port1, and then release them, so that the device enters bootlaod mode.

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Step3：Select the device port to be connected, baud rate and bin file to be downloaded.

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Click the start button to start the firmware upgrade.

When this interface appears, it indicates that the download has been completed.

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Finally, unplug the DuPont cable on port4, and then use the DuPont cable to short circuit port3 and port1 to reset the device.

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7. Order Info

Part Number:  LHT65N-PIR-XX

XX : The default frequency band

  •  AS923: LoRaWAN AS923 band
  •  AU915: LoRaWAN AU915 band
  •  EU433: LoRaWAN EU433 band
  •  EU868: LoRaWAN EU868 band
  •  KR920: LoRaWAN KR920 band
  •  US915: LoRaWAN US915 band
  •  IN865: LoRaWAN IN865 band
  •  CN470: LoRaWAN CN470 band

8. Packing Info

Package Includes:

  • LHT65N-PIR Temperature/Humidity/PIR Sensor x 1

Dimension and weight:

  • Device Size:  10 x 10 x 3.5 mm
  • Device Weight: 120.5g

9. Reference material

10. FCC Warning

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules.Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference；

(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

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