Changes for page LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual

Last modified by Xiaoling on 2025/04/27 13:54

From 170.10 to 170.11 From 170.29 to 170.30

From version 170.11

edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/01 09:33

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To version 170.29

edited by Xiaoling
on 2023/04/04 13:49

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@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@
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--
  == 1.2  Features ==
++
  * LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
  * Ultra-low power consumption
  * Distance Detection by Ultrasonic technology
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
  === 1.3.1  Rated environmental conditions ===
++
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@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@
  )))
--
  === 1.3.2  Effective measurement range Reference beam pattern ===
++
  **(1) The tested object is a white cylindrical tube made of PVC, with a height of 100cm and a diameter of 7.5cm.**
  [[image:1654934119597-403.png]]
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@
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--
  == 1.5  Applications ==
++
  * Horizontal distance measurement
  * Liquid level measurement
  * Parking management system
@@ -134,23 +134,23 @@
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--
  = 2.  Configure LDDS45 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
  == 2.1  How it works ==
++
  (((
  The LDDS45 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LDDS45. If there is coverage of the LoRaWAN network, it will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
  )))
  (((
--In case you can't set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.A0ConfigureLDDS75viaATCommandorLoRaWANDownlink"]]to set the keys in the LDDS45.
++In case you can't set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H4.A0ConfigureLDDS45viaATCommandorLoRaWANDownlink"]]to set the keys in the LDDS45.
  )))
--
  == 2.2  Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
++
  (((
  Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]]  as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
@@ -237,9 +237,9 @@
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--
  == 2.3  Uplink Payload ==
++
  (((
  (((
  (((
@@ -258,11 +258,10 @@
  (% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:510px" %)
  |=(% style="width: 62.5px;" %)(((
--**Size (bytes)**
++**Size(bytes)**
  )))|=(% style="width: 62.5px;" %)**2**|=**2**|=1|=2|=**1**
  |(% style="width:62.5px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:62.5px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.1A0BatteryInfo"]]|(((
  [[Distance>>||anchor="H2.3.2A0Distance"]]
--
  (unit: mm)
  )))|[[Digital Interrupt (Optional)>>||anchor="H2.3.3A0InterruptPin"]]|(((
  [[Temperature (Optional )>>||anchor="H2.3.4A0DS18B20Temperaturesensor"]]
@@ -271,7 +271,6 @@
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--
  === 2.3.1  Battery Info ===
@@ -282,23 +282,28 @@
  Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
--
  === 2.3.2  Distance ===
++
  (((
  Get the distance. Flat object range 30mm - 4500mm.
  )))
  (((
--For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x0B 0x05__, the distance between the sensor and the measured object is(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** 0B05(H) = 2821 (D) = 2821 mm.**
++For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x0B 0x05__, the distance between the sensor and the measured object is(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** **
++
++(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**0B05(H) = 2821 (D) = 2821 mm.**
  )))
--* If the sensor value is 0x0000, it means system doesn’t detect ultrasonic sensor.
++* If the sensor value is 0x0000, it means system doesn't detect ultrasonic sensor.
  * If the sensor value lower than 0x001E (30mm), the sensor value will be 0x00.
++
++
  === 2.3.3  Interrupt Pin ===
++
  This data field shows if this packet is generated by interrupt or not. [[Click here>>||anchor="H4.3A0SetInterruptMode"]] for the hardware and software set up.
  **Example:**
@@ -308,9 +308,9 @@
 x01: Interrupt Uplink Packet.
--
  === 2.3.4  DS18B20 Temperature sensor ===
++
  This is optional, user can connect external DS18B20 sensor to the +3.3v, 1-wire and GND pin . and this field will report temperature.
  **Example**:
@@ -320,9 +320,9 @@
  If payload is: FF3FH :  (FF3F & FC00 == 1) , temp = (FF3FH - 65536)/10 = -19.3 degrees.
--
  === 2.3.5  Sensor Flag ===
++
  (((
 x01: Detect Ultrasonic Sensor
  )))
@@ -332,9 +332,9 @@
  )))
--
  === 2.3.6  Decode payload in The Things Network ===
++
  While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
@@ -346,20 +346,20 @@
  (((
  (((
--LDDS45 TTN V3 Payload Decoder: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDDS75/Payload_Decoder/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/]]
++LDDS45 TTN V3 Payload Decoder:  [[ttps:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder]]
  )))
  )))
--
  == 2.4  Uplink Interval ==
++
  The LDDS45 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
--
  == 2.5  Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
++
  (((
  [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
  )))
@@ -383,6 +383,7 @@
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++
  (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**: Create an account or log in Datacake.**
  (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4**(%%)**: Search the LDDS45 and add DevEUI.**
@@ -395,18 +395,19 @@
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--
  == 2.6  Frequency Plans ==
++
  (((
  The LDDS45 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
  )))
--
  === 2.6.1  EU863-870 (EU868) ===
  (((
++
++
  (% style="color:blue" %)**Uplink:**
  )))
@@ -463,9 +463,9 @@
  )))
--
  === 2.6.2  US902-928(US915) ===
++
  (((
  Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
@@ -508,12 +508,12 @@
 .3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
--
  )))
  === 2.6.3  CN470-510 (CN470) ===
++
  (((
  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
  )))
@@ -599,9 +599,9 @@
  )))
--
  === 2.6.4  AU915-928(AU915) ===
++
  (((
  Default use CHE=2
@@ -644,12 +644,12 @@
 .3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
--
  )))
  === 2.6.5  AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
++
  (((
  (% style="color:blue" %)**Default Uplink channel:**
  )))
@@ -755,9 +755,9 @@
  )))
--
  === 2.6.6  KR920-923 (KR920) ===
++
  (((
  (% style="color:blue" %)**Default channel:**
  )))
@@ -827,9 +827,9 @@
  )))
--
  === 2.6.7  IN865-867 (IN865) ===
++
  (((
  (% style="color:blue" %)**Uplink:**
  )))
@@ -863,9 +863,9 @@
  )))
--
  == 2.7  LED Indicator ==
++
  The LDDS45 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
@@ -880,19 +880,14 @@
  (((
--**Firmware download link: **[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDDS75/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDDS75/Firmware/]]
++**Firmware download link:  **[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/47fsmpbfv4qrw2d/AACy5NcU8MCMFVpYITSUfVLPa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/47fsmpbfv4qrw2d/AACy5NcU8MCMFVpYITSUfVLPa?dl=0]]
  )))
  (((
--
--)))
--
--(((
  **Firmware Upgrade Method: **[[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
  )))
--
  == 2.9  Mechanical ==
@@ -899,108 +899,19 @@
  (% aria-label="1654915562090-396.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654915562090-396.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none; left:0px; top:-15px" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background:url(~"http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png~") rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); left:0px; top:-15px" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)
++= 3.  Battery & Power Consumption =
--= 3. Battery & How to replace =
--== 3.1 Battery Type ==
++LDDS45 uses ER26500 + SPC1520 battery pack. See below link for detail information about the battery info and how to replace.
--(((
--LDDS45 is equipped with a [[8500mAH ER26500 Li-SOCI2 battery>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]. The battery is un-rechargeable battery with low discharge rate targeting for 8~~10 years use. This type of battery is commonly used in IoT target for long-term running, such as water meter.
--)))
++[[**Battery Info & Power Consumption Analyze**>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/How%20to%20calculate%20the%20battery%20life%20of%20Dragino%20sensors%3F/]] .
--(((
--The discharge curve is not linear so can’t simply use percentage to show the battery level. Below is the battery performance.
--)))
--(% aria-label="1654593587246-335.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654593587246-335.png||data-widget="image"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none; left:0px; top:-15px" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background:url(~"http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png~") rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); left:0px; top:-15px" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)
++= 4.  Configure LDDS45 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink =
--Minimum Working Voltage for the LDDS45:
--
--LDDS45:  2.45v ~~ 3.6v
--
--
--
--== 3.2 Replace Battery ==
--
  (((
--Any battery with range 2.45 ~~ 3.6v can be a replacement. We recommend to use Li-SOCl2 Battery.
--)))
--
  (((
--And make sure the positive and negative pins match.
--)))
--
--
--
--== 3.3 Power Consumption Analyze ==
--
--(((
--Dragino Battery powered product are all runs in Low Power mode. We have an update battery calculator which base on the measurement of the real device. User can use this calculator to check the battery life and calculate the battery life if want to use different transmit interval.
--)))
--
--(((
--Instruction to use as below:
--)))
--
--
--(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1 **(%%)**:**  Downlink the up-to-date DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Prediction_Table.xlsx from:
--
--[[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.pHp?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/]]
--
--
--(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2 **(%%)**:**  Open it and choose
--
--* Product Model
--* Uplink Interval
--* Working Mode
--
--And the Life expectation in difference case will be shown on the right.
--
--(% aria-label="1654593605679-189.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654593605679-189.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none; left:0px; top:-15px" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background:url(~"http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png~") rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); left:0px; top:-15px" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)
--
--
--The battery related documents as below:
--
--* (((
--[[Battery Dimension>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
--)))
--* (((
--[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery  datasheet>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER26500/ER26500_Datasheet-EN.pdf]],
--)))
--* (((
--[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]], [[Tech Spec>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]]
--)))
--
--(% aria-label="image-20220607172042-11.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:image-20220607172042-11.png||data-widget="image"]](% style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none; left:0px; top:-15px" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background:url(~"http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png~") rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); left:0px; top:-15px" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)
--
--
--
--=== 3.3.1 Battery Note ===
--
--(((
--The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
--)))
--
--
--
--=== 3.3.2 Replace the battery ===
--
--(((
--You can change the battery in the LDDS45.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v.  On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
--)))
--
--
--(((
--The default battery pack of LDDS45 includes a ER26500 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER26500 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes).
--)))
--
--
--
--= 4.  Configure LDDS45 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink =
--
--(((
--(((
  Use can configure LDDS45 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.
  )))
  )))
@@ -1074,16 +1074,16 @@
  )))
--
  == 4.1  Access AT Commands ==
++
  User can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LDDS45 and access the console to enter AT Commands. Note the TXD/RXD can use 3.3v or 5v.
  Pins for console is:
--* UART_TXD to   USB TTL Adapter's RXD
--* UART_RXD to   USB TTL Adapter's  TXD
--* GND           to   USB TTL Adapter's GND
++* **UART_TXD to   USB TTL   Adapter's  RXD**
++* **UART_RXD to   USB TTL   Adapter's  TXD**
++* **GND           to   USB TTL   Adapter's  GND**
  (% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% aria-label="image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:1654917294526-626.png||data-widget="image"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)
@@ -1098,10 +1098,9 @@
   (% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)
--
--
  == 4.2  Set Transmit Interval Time ==
++
  Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.
  (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: AT+TDC**
@@ -1118,11 +1118,11 @@
  Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.
  (((
--If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
++If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
  )))
--* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
--* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds
++* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E       ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
++* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C      ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds
  )))
  )))
@@ -1130,6 +1130,7 @@
  == 4.3  Set Interrupt Mode ==
++
  Feature, Set Interrupt mode for GPIO_EXIT.
  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: AT+INTMOD**
@@ -1145,35 +1145,37 @@
  This means that the interrupt mode of the end node is set to 0x000003=3 (rising edge trigger), and the type code is 06.
  )))
--* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 06000000 ~/~/ Turn off interrupt mode
--* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 06000003 ~/~/ Set the interrupt mode to rising edge trigger
++* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 06000000       ~/~/ Turn off interrupt mode
++* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 06000003       ~/~/ Set the interrupt mode to rising edge trigger
++
++
  = 5.  FAQ =
  == 5.1  What is the frequency plan for LDDS45? ==
++
  LDDS45 use the same frequency as other Dragino products. User can see the detail from this link:  [[Introduction>>doc:Main.End Device Frequency Band.WebHome||anchor="H1.Introduction"]]
--
  == 5.2  How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region ==
++
  You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.8A0200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
  When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.
--
  = 6.  Trouble Shooting =
  == 6.1  AT Command input doesn't work ==
--In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
++In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
++
  (((
  )))
--
  = 7.  Order Info =
@@ -1191,6 +1191,8 @@
  * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865 **(%%)**:**  LoRaWAN IN865 band
  * (% style="color:red" %)**CN470 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN CN470 band
++
++
  = 8.  Packing Info =
@@ -1205,7 +1205,12 @@
  * Package Size / pcs : cm
  * Weight / pcs : g
++
++
  = 9.  Support =
++
  * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
  * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]].
++
++