Last modified by Xiaoling on 2023/05/26 14:19
<
From version < 87.14 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/13 10:06
To version < 146.1 >
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2022/08/14 10:15
>
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Author
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
Content
... ... @@ -12,19 +12,47 @@
12 12  == 1.1  What is LA66 LoRaWAN Module ==
13 13  
14 14  
15 +(((
16 +(((
17 +[[image:image-20220719093358-2.png||height="145" width="220"]](% style="color:blue" %)** **
18 +)))
19 +
20 +(((
21 +
22 +)))
23 +
24 +(((
15 15  (% style="color:blue" %)**Dragino LA66**(%%) is a small wireless LoRaWAN module that offers a very compelling mix of long-range, low power consumption, and secure data transmission. It is designed to facilitate developers to quickly deploy industrial-level LoRaWAN and IoT solutions. It helps users to turn the idea into a practical application and make the Internet of Things a reality. It is easy to create and connect your things everywhere.
26 +)))
27 +)))
16 16  
17 -(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66**(%%) is a ready-to-use module that includes the (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN v1.0.4 protocol**(%%). The LoRaWAN stack used in LA66 is used in more than 1 million LoRaWAN End Devices deployed world widely. This mature LoRaWAN stack greatly reduces the risk to make stable LoRaWAN Sensors to support different LoRaWAN servers and different countries' standards. External MCU can use AT command to call LA66 and start to transmit data via the LoRaWAN protocol.
29 +(((
30 +(((
31 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66**(%%) is a ready-to-use module that includes the (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN v1.0.3 protocol**(%%). The LoRaWAN stack used in LA66 is used in more than 1 million LoRaWAN End Devices deployed world widely. This mature LoRaWAN stack greatly reduces the risk to make stable LoRaWAN Sensors to support different LoRaWAN servers and different countries' standards. External MCU can use AT command to call LA66 and start to transmit data via the LoRaWAN protocol.
32 +)))
33 +)))
18 18  
35 +(((
36 +(((
19 19  Each LA66 module includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**world-unique OTAA key**(%%) for LoRaWAN registration.
38 +)))
20 20  
40 +(((
21 21  Besides the support of the LoRaWAN protocol, LA66 also supports (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source peer-to-peer LoRa Protocol**(%%) for the none-LoRaWAN application.
42 +)))
43 +)))
22 22  
45 +(((
46 +(((
23 23  LA66 is equipped with (% style="color:blue" %)**TCXO crystal**(%%) which ensures the module can achieve stable performance in extreme temperatures.
48 +)))
49 +)))
24 24  
25 25  
52 +
26 26  == 1.2  Features ==
27 27  
55 +
28 28  * Support LoRaWAN v1.0.4 protocol
29 29  * Support peer-to-peer protocol
30 30  * TCXO crystal to ensure RF performance on low temperature
... ... @@ -35,10 +35,9 @@
35 35  * Firmware upgradable via UART interface
36 36  * Ultra-long RF range
37 37  
38 -
39 -
40 40  == 1.3  Specification ==
41 41  
68 +
42 42  * CPU: 32-bit 48 MHz
43 43  * Flash: 256KB
44 44  * RAM: 64KB
... ... @@ -57,28 +57,28 @@
57 57  * LoRa Rx current: <9 mA
58 58  * I/O Voltage: 3.3v
59 59  
60 -
61 -
62 62  == 1.4  AT Command ==
63 63  
89 +
64 64  AT Command is valid over Main TXD and Main RXD. Serial Baud Rate is 9600. AT commands can be found in AT Command documents.
65 65  
66 66  
93 +
67 67  == 1.5  Dimension ==
68 68  
69 -[[image:image-20220517072526-1.png]]
96 +[[image:image-20220718094750-3.png]]
70 70  
71 71  
72 72  
73 73  == 1.6  Pin Mapping ==
74 74  
102 +[[image:image-20220720111850-1.png]]
75 75  
76 -[[image:image-20220523101537-1.png]]
77 77  
78 78  
79 -
80 80  == 1.7  Land Pattern ==
81 81  
108 +
82 82  [[image:image-20220517072821-2.png]]
83 83  
84 84  
... ... @@ -88,11 +88,48 @@
88 88  
89 89  == 2.1  Overview ==
90 90  
91 -LA66 LoRaWAN Shield is the Arduino shield base on LA66. Users can use LA66 LoRaWAN Shield to rapidly add LoRaWAN or peer-to-peer LoRa wireless function to  Arduino projects.
92 92  
119 +(((
120 +[[image:image-20220715000826-2.png||height="145" width="220"]]
121 +)))
93 93  
123 +(((
124 +
125 +)))
126 +
127 +(((
128 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66 LoRaWAN Shield**(%%) is the Arduino shield base on LA66. Users can use LA66 LoRaWAN Shield to rapidly add LoRaWAN or peer-to-peer LoRa wireless function to  Arduino projects.
129 +)))
130 +
131 +(((
132 +(((
133 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66**(%%) is a ready-to-use module that includes the (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN v1.0.3 protocol**(%%). The LoRaWAN stack used in LA66 is used in more than 1 million LoRaWAN End Devices deployed world widely.  This mature LoRaWAN stack greatly reduces the risk to make stable LoRaWAN Sensors to support different LoRaWAN servers and different countries' standards. External MCU can use AT command to call LA66 and start to transmit data via the LoRaWAN protocol.
134 +)))
135 +)))
136 +
137 +(((
138 +(((
139 +Each LA66 module includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**world-unique OTAA key**(%%) for LoRaWAN registration.
140 +)))
141 +)))
142 +
143 +(((
144 +(((
145 +Besides the support of the LoRaWAN protocol, LA66 also supports (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source peer-to-peer LoRa Protocol**(%%) for the none-LoRaWAN application.
146 +)))
147 +)))
148 +
149 +(((
150 +(((
151 +LA66 is equipped with (% style="color:blue" %)**TCXO crystal**(%%) which ensures the module can achieve stable performance in extreme temperatures.
152 +)))
153 +)))
154 +
155 +
156 +
94 94  == 2.2  Features ==
95 95  
159 +
96 96  * Arduino Shield base on LA66 LoRaWAN module
97 97  * Support LoRaWAN v1.0.4 protocol
98 98  * Support peer-to-peer protocol
... ... @@ -104,10 +104,9 @@
104 104  * Firmware upgradable via UART interface
105 105  * Ultra-long RF range
106 106  
107 -
108 -
109 109  == 2.3  Specification ==
110 110  
173 +
111 111  * CPU: 32-bit 48 MHz
112 112  * Flash: 256KB
113 113  * RAM: 64KB
... ... @@ -126,39 +126,116 @@
126 126  * LoRa Rx current: <9 mA
127 127  * I/O Voltage: 3.3v
128 128  
192 +== 2.4  Pin Mapping & LED ==
129 129  
130 130  
131 -== 2.4  Pin Mapping & LED ==
195 +[[image:image-20220814101457-1.png||height="553" width="761"]]
132 132  
197 +~1. The LED lights up red when there is an upstream data packet
198 +2. When the network is successfully connected, the green light will be on for 5 seconds
199 +3. Purple light on when receiving downlink data packets
133 133  
134 134  
202 +
135 135  == 2.5  Example: Use AT Command to communicate with LA66 module via Arduino UNO. ==
136 136  
137 137  
206 +**Show connection diagram：**
138 138  
208 +
209 +[[image:image-20220723170210-2.png||height="908" width="681"]]
210 +
211 +
212 +
213 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1.  open Arduino IDE**
214 +
215 +
216 +[[image:image-20220723170545-4.png]]
217 +
218 +
219 +
220 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2.  Open project**
221 +
222 +
223 +LA66-LoRaWAN-shield-AT-command-via-Arduino-UNO source code link: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/cx0pspkwu62pr97/AAAbKh2ioPdZfSDtdDpooYqha?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/cx0pspkwu62pr97/AAAbKh2ioPdZfSDtdDpooYqha?dl=0]]
224 +
225 +[[image:image-20220726135239-1.png]]
226 +
227 +
228 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3.  Click the button marked 1 in the figure to compile, and after the compilation is complete, click the button marked 2 in the figure to upload**
229 +
230 +[[image:image-20220726135356-2.png]]
231 +
232 +
233 +(% style="color:blue" %)**4.  After the upload is successful, open the serial port monitoring and send the AT command**
234 +
235 +
236 +[[image:image-20220723172235-7.png||height="480" width="1027"]]
237 +
238 +
239 +
139 139  == 2.6  Example: Join TTN network and send an uplink message, get downlink message. ==
140 140  
141 141  
243 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1.  Open project**
142 142  
143 -== 2.7  Example: Log Temperature Sensor(DHT11) and send data to TTN, show it in DataCake. ==
144 144  
246 +Join-TTN-network source code link: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/0sjyncafa0gjv00/AACC2m1orov-QHRkvH8-ddCka?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/0sjyncafa0gjv00/AACC2m1orov-QHRkvH8-ddCka?dl=0]]
145 145  
146 146  
249 +[[image:image-20220723172502-8.png]]
250 +
251 +
252 +
253 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2.  Same steps as 2.5,after opening the serial port monitoring, it will automatically connect to the network and send packets**
254 +
255 +
256 +[[image:image-20220723172938-9.png||height="652" width="1050"]]
257 +
258 +
259 +
260 +== 2.7  Example: Log Temperature Sensor(DHT11) and send data to TTN, show it in Node-RED. ==
261 +
262 +
263 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1.  Open project**
264 +
265 +
266 +Log-Temperature-Sensor-and-send-data-to-TTN source code link: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/0aagmrpec1lxmva/AABMXWVMSHG9dK1_Zv_7xOmCa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/0aagmrpec1lxmva/AABMXWVMSHG9dK1_Zv_7xOmCa?dl=0]]
267 +
268 +
269 +[[image:image-20220723173341-10.png||height="581" width="1014"]]
270 +
271 +
272 +
273 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2.  Same steps as 2.5,after opening the serial port monitoring, it will automatically connect to the network and send packets**
274 +
275 +
276 +[[image:image-20220723173950-11.png||height="665" width="1012"]]
277 +
278 +
279 +
280 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3.  Integration into Node-red via TTNV3**
281 +
282 +For the usage of Node-RED, please refer to: [[http:~~/~~/8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/]]
283 +
284 +[[image:image-20220723175700-12.png||height="602" width="995"]]
285 +
286 +
287 +
147 147  == 2.8  Upgrade Firmware of LA66 LoRaWAN Shield ==
148 148  
149 149  
150 150  === 2.8.1  Items needed for update ===
151 151  
293 +
152 152  1. LA66 LoRaWAN Shield
153 153  1. Arduino
154 154  1. USB TO TTL Adapter
155 155  
156 -
157 -
158 -
159 159  [[image:image-20220602100052-2.png||height="385" width="600"]]
160 160  
161 161  
301 +
162 162  === 2.8.2  Connection ===
163 163  
164 164  
... ... @@ -165,11 +165,15 @@
165 165  [[image:image-20220602101311-3.png||height="276" width="600"]]
166 166  
167 167  
308 +(((
168 168  (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66 LoRaWAN Shield**(%%)  **<->** (% style="color:blue" %)**USB TTL**
310 +)))
169 169  
312 +(((
170 170  (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**GND  <-> GND
171 171  TXD  <->  TXD
172 172  RXD  <->  RXD**
316 +)))
173 173  
174 174  
175 175  Put a jumper cap on JP6 of LA66 LoRaWAN Shield. ( the jumper is to power on LA66 module)
... ... @@ -180,10 +180,11 @@
180 180  [[image:image-20220602102240-4.png||height="304" width="600"]]
181 181  
182 182  
327 +
183 183  === 2.8.3  Upgrade steps ===
184 184  
185 185  
186 -==== 1.  Switch SW1 to put in ISP position ====
331 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)1.  Switch SW1 to put in ISP position(%%) ====
187 187  
188 188  
189 189  [[image:image-20220602102824-5.png||height="306" width="600"]]
... ... @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
190 190  
191 191  
192 192  
193 -==== 2.  Press the RST switch once ====
338 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)2.  Press the RST switch once(%%) ====
194 194  
195 195  
196 196  [[image:image-20220602104701-12.png||height="285" width="600"]]
... ... @@ -197,10 +197,12 @@
197 197  
198 198  
199 199  
200 -==== 3.  Open the Upgrade tool (Tremo Programmer) in PC and Upgrade ====
345 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)3.  Open the Upgrade tool (Tremo Programmer) in PC and Upgrade(%%) ====
201 201  
202 202  
348 +(((
203 203  (% style="color:blue" %)**1. Software download link:  [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Utility/LSN50N/>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Utility/LSN50N/]]**
350 +)))
204 204  
205 205  
206 206  [[image:image-20220602103227-6.png]]
... ... @@ -259,11 +259,35 @@
259 259  
260 260  == 3.1  Overview ==
261 261  
262 -LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter is designed to fast turn USB devices to support LoRaWAN wireless features. It combines a CP2101 USB TTL Chip and LA66 LoRaWAN module which can easy to add LoRaWAN wireless feature to PC / Mobile phone or an embedded device that has USB Interface.
263 263  
410 +[[image:image-20220715001142-3.png||height="145" width="220"]]
264 264  
412 +
413 +(((
414 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter**(%%) is designed to fast turn USB devices to support LoRaWAN wireless features. It combines a CP2101 USB TTL Chip and LA66 LoRaWAN module which can easy to add LoRaWAN wireless feature to PC / Mobile phone or an embedded device that has USB Interface.
415 +)))
416 +
417 +(((
418 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66**(%%) is a ready-to-use module that includes the (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN v1.0.3 protocol**(%%). The LoRaWAN stack used in LA66 is used in more than 1 million LoRaWAN End Devices deployed world widely. This mature LoRaWAN stack greatly reduces the risk to make stable LoRaWAN Sensors to support different LoRaWAN servers and different countries' standards. External MCU can use AT command to call LA66 and start to transmit data via the LoRaWAN protocol.
419 +)))
420 +
421 +(((
422 +Each LA66 module includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**world-unique OTAA key**(%%) for LoRaWAN registration.
423 +)))
424 +
425 +(((
426 +Besides the support of the LoRaWAN protocol, LA66 also supports (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source peer-to-peer LoRa Protocol**(%%) for the none-LoRaWAN application.
427 +)))
428 +
429 +(((
430 +LA66 is equipped with (% style="color:blue" %)**TCXO crystal**(%%) which ensures the module can achieve stable performance in extreme temperatures.
431 +)))
432 +
433 +
434 +
265 265  == 3.2  Features ==
266 266  
437 +
267 267  * LoRaWAN USB adapter base on LA66 LoRaWAN module
268 268  * Ultra-long RF range
269 269  * Support LoRaWAN v1.0.4 protocol
... ... @@ -274,11 +274,11 @@
274 274  * World-wide unique OTAA keys.
275 275  * AT Command via UART-TTL interface
276 276  * Firmware upgradable via UART interface
448 +* Open Source Mobile App for LoRaWAN signal detect and GPS tracking.
277 277  
278 -
279 -
280 280  == 3.3  Specification ==
281 281  
452 +
282 282  * CPU: 32-bit 48 MHz
283 283  * Flash: 256KB
284 284  * RAM: 64KB
... ... @@ -295,22 +295,23 @@
295 295  * LoRa Tx Current: <90 mA at +17 dBm, 108 mA at +22 dBm
296 296  * LoRa Rx current: <9 mA
297 297  
298 -
299 -
300 300  == 3.4  Pin Mapping & LED ==
301 301  
471 +[[image:image-20220813183239-3.png||height="526" width="662"]]
302 302  
303 303  
304 304  == 3.5  Example: Send & Get Messages via LoRaWAN in PC ==
305 305  
306 306  
477 +(((
307 307  Assume user already input the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter OTAA Keys in TTN and there is already TTN network coverage.
479 +)))
308 308  
309 309  
310 310  (% style="color:blue" %)**1. Connect the LA66 USB LoRaWAN adapter to PC**
311 311  
312 312  
313 -[[image:image-20220602171217-1.png||height="538" width="800"]]
485 +[[image:image-20220723100027-1.png]]
314 314  
315 315  
316 316  Open the serial port tool
... ... @@ -351,6 +351,7 @@
351 351  
352 352  **Use python as an example：**[[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_WindosPC.py>>https://github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_WindosPC.py]]
353 353  
526 +(**Raspberry Pi example: **[[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_Raspberry%20Pi.py>>https://github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_Raspberry%20Pi.py]])
354 354  
355 355  (% style="color:red" %)**Preconditions:**
356 356  
... ... @@ -378,7 +378,7 @@
378 378  
379 379  (% style="color:blue" %)**1. Connect the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter to the Raspberry Pi**
380 380  
381 -[[image:image-20220602171233-2.png||height="538" width="800"]]
554 +[[image:image-20220723100439-2.png]]
382 382  
383 383  
384 384  
... ... @@ -423,18 +423,136 @@
423 423  
424 424  
425 425  
426 -== 3.8  Example: LA66 USB Module got a message from LA66 LoRa Shield and send the sensor data to NodeRed. ==
599 +== 3.8  Example: Use of LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter and mobile APP ==
427 427  
428 428  
602 +=== 3.8.1  Hardware and Software Connection ===
429 429  
604 +
605 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Overview：**(%%) ====
606 +
607 +
608 +(((
609 +DRAGINO-LA66-APP is an Open Source mobile APP for LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter. DRAGINO-LA66-APP has below features:
610 +
611 +* Send real-time location information of mobile phone to LoRaWAN network.
612 +* Check LoRaWAN network signal strengh.
613 +* Manually send messages to LoRaWAN network.
614 +)))
615 +
616 +
617 +
618 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Hardware Connection:**(%%) ====
619 +
620 +A USB to Type-C adapter is needed to connect to a Mobile phone.
621 +
622 +Note: The package of LA66 USB adapter already includes this USB Type-C adapter.
623 +
624 +[[image:image-20220813174353-2.png||height="360" width="313"]]
625 +
626 +
627 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Download and Install App:**(%%) ====
628 +
629 +[[(% id="cke_bm_895007S" style="display:none" %)** **(%%)**Download Link for Android apk **>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/zxwx16qb777uvkz/AABE_P8coGCQ4DAC8enH4bUya?dl=0]].  (Android Version Only)
630 +
631 +[[image:image-20220813173738-1.png]]
632 +
633 +
634 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Use of APP:**(%%) ====
635 +
636 +Function and page introduction
637 +
638 +[[image:image-20220723113448-7.png||height="995" width="450"]]
639 +
640 +**Block Explain:**
641 +
642 +1.  Display LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module connection status
643 +
644 +2.  Check and reconnect
645 +
646 +3.  Turn send timestamps on or off
647 +
648 +4.  Display LoRaWan connection status
649 +
650 +5.  Check LoRaWan connection status
651 +
652 +6.  The RSSI value of the node when the ACK is received
653 +
654 +7.  Node's Signal Strength Icon
655 +
656 +8.  Configure Location Uplink Interval
657 +
658 +9.  AT command input box
659 +
660 +10.  Send Button:  Send input box info to LA66 USB Adapter
661 +
662 +11.  Output Log from LA66 USB adapter
663 +
664 +12.  clear log button
665 +
666 +13.  exit button
667 +
668 +
669 +LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module not connected
670 +
671 +[[image:image-20220723110520-5.png||height="677" width="508"]]
672 +
673 +
674 +
675 +Connect LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module
676 +
677 +[[image:image-20220723110626-6.png||height="681" width="511"]]
678 +
679 +
680 +
681 +=== 3.8.2 Send data to TTNv3 and plot location info in Node-Red ===
682 +
683 +
684 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1.  Register LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module to TTNV3**
685 +
686 +[[image:image-20220723134549-8.png]]
687 +
688 +
689 +
690 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2.  Open Node-RED,And import the JSON file to generate the flow**
691 +
692 +Sample JSON file please go to **[[this link>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/zxwx16qb777uvkz/AABE_P8coGCQ4DAC8enH4bUya?dl=0]]** to download.
693 +
694 +For the usage of Node-RED, please refer to: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/]]
695 +
696 +After see LoRaWAN Online, walk around and the APP will keep sending location info to LoRaWAN server and then to the Node Red.
697 +
698 +
699 +Example output in NodeRed is as below:
700 +
701 +[[image:image-20220723144339-1.png]]
702 +
703 +
704 +
430 430  == 3.9  Upgrade Firmware of LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter ==
431 431  
432 432  
708 +The LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter is the same as the LA66 LoRaWAN Shield update method
433 433  
710 +Just use the yellow jumper cap to short the BOOT corner and the RX corner, and then press the RESET button (without the jumper cap, you can directly short the BOOT corner and the RX corner with a wire to achieve the same effect)
434 434  
435 -= 4.  Order Info =
712 +[[image:image-20220723150132-2.png]]
436 436  
437 437  
715 +
716 += 4.  FAQ =
717 +
718 +
719 +== 4.1  How to Compile Source Code for LA66? ==
720 +
721 +
722 +Compile and Upload Code to ASR6601 Platform ：[[Instruction>>Compile and Upload Code to ASR6601 Platform]]
723 +
724 +
725 +
726 += 5.  Order Info =
727 +
728 +
438 438  **Part Number:**  (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66-XXX**(%%), (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66-LoRaWAN-Shield-XXX** (%%) **or**  (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66-USB-LoRaWAN-Adapter-XXX**
439 439  
440 440  
... ... @@ -450,10 +450,7 @@
450 450  * (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
451 451  * (% style="color:red" %)**PP**(%%):  Peer to Peer LoRa Protocol
452 452  
744 += 6.  Reference =
453 453  
454 454  
455 -= 5.  Reference =
456 -
457 457  * Hardware Design File for LA66 LoRaWAN Shield, LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter : [[Download>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/a3wbmdcvqjxaqw5/AADZfvAiykJTK624RgMquH86a?dl=0]]
458 -
459 -
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