WSC1-L-Dragino LoRaWAN Weather Station User Manual

Dragino LoRaWAN weather station series products are designed for measuring atmospheric conditions to provide information for weather forecasts and to study the (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**weather and climate**(%%). They consist of a (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**main process device (WSC1-L) and various sensors**.

25

)))

26

27

(((

28

The sensors include various type such as: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Rain Gauge**, **Temperature/Humidity/Pressure sensor**, **Wind Speed/direction sensor**, **Illumination sensor**, **CO2 sensor**, **Rain/Snow sensor**,** PM2.5/10 sensor**, **PAR(Photosynthetically Available Radiation) sensor, Total Solar Radiation sensor**(%%) and so on.

)))

(((

Main process device WSC1-L is an outdoor LoRaWAN RS485 end node. It is powered by external (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**12v solar power**(%%) and have a (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**built-in li-on backup battery**(%%). WSC1-L reads value from various sensors and upload these sensor data to IoT server via LoRaWAN wireless protocol.

)))

(((

WSC1-L is full compatible with(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** LoRaWAN Class C protocol**(%%), it can work with standard LoRaWAN gateway.

)))

= 2. How to use =

== 2.1 Installation ==

44

45

46

Below is an installation example for the weather station. Field installation example can be found at [[Appendix I: Field Installation Photo.>>||anchor="H11.AppendixI:FieldInstallationPhoto"]]

47

48

49

[[image:1656041948552-849.png]]

50

51

52

(% style="color:blue" %)** Wiring:**

53

54

~1. WSC1-L and sensors all powered by solar power via MPPT

55

56

2. WSC1-L and sensors connect to each other via RS485/Modbus.

57

58

3. WSC1-L read value from each sensor and send uplink via LoRaWAN

59

60

61

WSC1-L is shipped with a RS485 converter board, for the easy connection to different sensors and WSC1-L. Below is a connection photo:

62

63

64

[[image:1656042136605-251.png]]

65

66

67

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1:**

68

69

* All weather sensors and WSC1-L are powered by MPPT solar recharge controller. MPPT is connected to solar panel and storage battery.

70

* WSC1-L has an extra 1000mAh back up battery. So it can work even solar panel and storage battery Fails.

71

* Weather sensors won't work if solar panel and storage battery fails.

72

73

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2:**

74

75

Due to shipment and importation limitation, user is better to purchase below parts locally:

* Solar Panel

* Storage Battery

* MPPT Solar Recharger

80

* Mounting Kit includes pole and mast assembly. Each weather sensor has it's own mounting assembly, user can check the sensor section in this manual.

* Cabinet.

== 2.2 How it works? ==

(((

Each WSC1-L is shipped with a worldwide unique set of OTAA keys. To use WSC1-L in a LoRaWAN network, user needs to input the OTAA keys in LoRaWAN network server. After finish installation as above. Create WSC1-L in your LoRaWAN server and Power on WSC1-L , it can join the LoRaWAN network and start to transmit sensor data. The default period for each uplink is 20 minutes.

)))

(((

Open WSC1-L and put the yellow jumper as below position to power on WSC1-L.

95

)))

96

97

[[image:1656042192857-709.png]]

98

99

100

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice:**

101

102

1. WSC1-L will auto scan available weather sensors when power on or reboot.

103

1. User can send a [[downlink command>>||anchor="H3.ConfigureWSC1-LviaATCommandorLoRaWANDownlink"]] to WSC1-L to do a re-scan on the available sensors.

== 2.3 Example to use for LoRaWAN network ==

108

109

110

This section shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN IoT server. Usages with other LoRaWAN IoT servers are of similar procedure.

111

112

113

[[image:1656042612899-422.png]]

Assume the DLOS8 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. We need to add the WSC1-L device in TTN V3:

118

119

120

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from WSC1-L.

121

122

Each WSC1-L is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:

123

124

[[image:image-20220624115043-1.jpeg]]

125

126

127

User can enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:

128

129

**Add APP EUI in the application.**

130

131

[[image:1656042662694-311.png]]

132

133

[[image:1656042673910-429.png]]

**Choose Manually to add WSC1-L**

139

140

[[image:1656042695755-103.png]]

**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**

145

146

[[image:1656042723199-746.png]]

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on WSC1-L, it will start to join TTN server. After join success, it will start to upload sensor data to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.

)))

[[image:1656042745346-283.png]]

156

157

158

== 2.4 Uplink Payload ==

159

160

161

Uplink payloads include two types: Valid Sensor Value and other status / control command.

162

163

* Valid Sensor Value: Use FPORT=2

164

* Other control command: Use FPORT other than 2.

=== 2.4.1 Uplink FPORT~=5, Device Status ===

169

170

171

Uplink the device configures with FPORT=5. Once WSC1-L Joined the network, it will uplink this message to the server. After first uplink, WSC1-L will uplink Device Status every 12 hours

(((

User can also use downlink command**(0x2301)** to ask WSC1-L to resend this uplink

176

)))

177

178

(% border="1" cellspacing="8" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:500px" %)

179

180

|(% style="width:99px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:112px" %)[[Sensor Model>>||anchor="HSensorModel:"]]|(% style="width:135px" %)[[Firmware Version>>||anchor="HFirmwareVersion:"]]|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Frequency Band>>||anchor="HFrequencyBand:"]]|(% style="width:85px" %)[[Sub-band>>||anchor="HSub-Band:"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="HBAT:"]]|(% style="width:166px" %)[[Weather Sensor Types>>||anchor="HWeatherSensorTypes:"]]

181

182

[[image:1656043061044-343.png]]

183

184

185

Example Payload (FPort=5): [[image:image-20220624101005-1.png]]

186

187

188

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Model:**(%%) ====

189

190

191

For WSC1-L, this value is 0x0D.

192

193

194

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Firmware Version:**(%%) ====

195

196

197

0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version.

198

199

200

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band:**(%%) ====

*0x01: EU868

*0x02: US915

*0x03: IN865

*0x04: AU915

*0x05: KZ865

*0x06: RU864

*0x07: AS923

*0x08: AS923-1

*0x09: AS923-2

*0x0a: AS923-3

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sub-Band:**(%%) ====

225

226

227

value 0x00 ~~ 0x08(only for CN470, AU915,US915. Others are0x00)

228

229

230

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT:**(%%) ====

(((

shows the battery voltage for WSC1-L MCU.

)))

(((

Ex1: 0x0BD6/1000 = 3.03 V

)))

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Weather Sensor Types:**(%%) ====

243

244

245

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:100px" %)

246

|Byte3|Byte2|Byte1

247

248

Bit = 1 means this sensor is connected, Bit=0 means this sensor is not connected

249

250

[[image:image-20220624134713-1.png]]

251

252

253

Eg: 0x1000FE = 1 0000 0000 0000 1111 1110(b)

254

255

External sensors detected by WSC1-L include :

custom sensor A1,

PAR sensor (WSS-07),

Total Solar Radiation sensor (WSS-06),

262

263

CO2/PM2.5/PM10 (WSS-03),

264

265

Wind Speed/Direction (WSS-02)

266

267

268

User can also use downlink command(0x26 01) to ask WSC1-L to resend this uplink :

269

270

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:0x26 01**

271

272

[[image:1656049673488-415.png]]

273

274

275

=== 2.4.2 Uplink FPORT~=2, Real time sensor value ===

(((

WSC1-L will send this uplink after Device Config uplink once join LoRaWAN network successfully. And it will periodically send this uplink. Default interval is 20 minutes and [[can be changed>>||anchor="H3.1SetTransmitIntervalTime"]].

)))

(((

Uplink uses FPORT=2 and every 20 minutes send one uplink by default.

)))

(((

The upload length is dynamic, depends on what type of weather sensors are connected. The uplink payload is combined with sensor segments. As below:

)))

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Uplink Payload**:

293

294

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:464px" %)

295

|(% style="width:140px" %)Sensor Segment 1|(% style="width:139px" %)Sensor Segment 2|(% style="width:42px" %)……|(% style="width:140px" %)Sensor Segment n

296

297

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Sensor Segment Define**:

298

299

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:330px" %)

300

|(% style="width:89px" %)Type Code|(% style="width:114px" %)Length (Bytes)|(% style="width:124px" %)Measured Value

301

302

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Sensor Type Table:**

303

304

[[image:image-20220706154434-1.png]]

(((

Below is an example payload: [[image:image-20220624140615-3.png]]

)))

(((

)))

(((

When sending this payload to LoRaWAN server. WSC1-L will send this in one uplink or several uplinks according to LoRaWAN spec requirement. For example, total length of Payload is 54 bytes.

)))

* (((

When WSC1-L sending in US915 frequency DR0 data rate. Because this data rate has limitation of 11 bytes payload for each uplink. The payload will be split into below packets and uplink.

)))

(((

Uplink 1: [[image:image-20220624140735-4.png]]

)))

(((

)))

(((

Uplink 2: [[image:image-20220624140842-5.png]]

)))

(((

)))

* (((

When WSC1-L sending in EU868 frequency DR0 data rate. The payload will be split into below packets and uplink:

)))

(((

Uplink 1: [[image:image-20220624141025-6.png]]

)))

(((

)))

Uplink 2: [[image:image-20220624141100-7.png]]

352

353

354

=== 2.4.3 Decoder in TTN V3 ===

(((

In LoRaWAN platform, user only see HEX payload by default, user needs to use payload formatters to decode the payload to see human-readable value.

)))

(((

Download decoder for suitable platform from: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder]]

)))

(((

)))

(((

and put as below:

)))

[[image:1656051152438-578.png]]

376

377

378

== 2.5 Show data on Application Server ==

(((

Application platform provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have sensor data in TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are the steps:

)))

(((

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the LoRaWAN network.

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Configure your Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. Go to TTN V3 Console ~-~-> Applications ~-~-> Integrations ~-~-> Add Integrations.

395

)))

396

397

[[image:1656051197172-131.png]]

**Add TagoIO:**

[[image:1656051223585-631.png]]

**Authorization:**

[[image:1656051248318-368.png]]

In TagoIO console ([[https:~~/~~/admin.tago.io~~/~~/>>url:https://datacake.co/]]) , add WSC1-L:

414

415

416

[[image:1656051277767-168.png]]

417

418

419

= 3. Configure WSC1-L via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink =

420

421

422

Use can configure WSC1-L via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.

423

424

* AT Command Connection: See [[FAQ>>||anchor="H7.FAQ"]].

425

* LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms: [[Use Note for Server>>doc:Main.WebHome]](IoT LoRaWAN Server)

426

427

There are two kinds of commands to configure WSC1-L, they are:

428

429

* (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**General Commands**.

430

431

These commands are to configure:

432

433

* General system settings like: uplink interval.

434

* LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.

435

436

They are same for all Dragino Device which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack((% style="color:red" %)Note~*~*)(%%). These commands can be found on the wiki: [[End Device Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]

437

438

(% style="color:red" %)**Note~*~*: Please check early user manual if you don’t have v1.8.0 firmware. **

439

440

441

* (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Commands special design for WSC1-L**

442

443

These commands only valid for WSC1-L, as below:

444

445

446

== 3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time ==

447

448

449

Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.

450

451

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: AT+TDC**

452

453

[[image:image-20220624142619-8.png]]

454

455

456

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: 0x01**

457

458

Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.

459

460

If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.

461

462

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds

463

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds

== 3.2 Set Emergency Mode ==

468

469

470

Feature: In emergency mode, WSC1-L will uplink data every 1 minute.

471

472

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

473

474

[[image:image-20220624142956-9.png]]

475

476

477

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

478

479

* 0xE101 Same as: AT+ALARMMOD=1

480

* 0xE100 Same as: AT+ALARMMOD=0

== 3.3 Add or Delete RS485 Sensor ==

(((

Feature: User can add or delete 3^^rd^^ party sensor as long they are RS485/Modbus interface,baud rate support 9600.Maximum can add 4 sensors.

)))

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: **

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DYSENSOR=Type_Code, Query_Length, Query_Command , Read_Length , Valid_Data ,has_CRC,timeout**

)))

* (((

Type_Code range: A1 ~~ A4

501

)))

502

* (((

503

Query_Length: RS485 Query frame length, Value cannot be greater than 10

504

)))

505

* (((

506

Query_Command: RS485 Query frame data to be sent to sensor, cannot be larger than 10 bytes

507

)))

508

* (((

509

Read_Length: RS485 response frame length supposed to receive. Max can receive

510

)))

511

* (((

512

Valid_Data: valid data from RS485 Response, Valid Data will be added to Payload and upload via LoRaWAN.

513

)))

514

* (((

515

has_CRC: RS485 Response crc check (0: no verification required 1: verification required). If CRC=1 and CRC error, valid data will be set to 0.

516

)))

517

* (((

518

timeout: RS485 receive timeout (uint:ms). Device will close receive window after timeout

)))

(((

**Example:**

)))

(((

User need to change external sensor use the type code as address code.

)))

(((

With a 485 sensor, after correctly changing the address code to A1, the RS485 query frame is shown in the following table:

531

)))

532

533

[[image:image-20220624143553-10.png]]

534

535

536

The response frame of the sensor is as follows:

537

538

[[image:image-20220624143618-11.png]]

539

540

541

**Then the following parameters should be:**

542

543

* Address_Code range: A1

544

* Query_Length: 8

545

* Query_Command: A103000000019CAA

546

* Read_Length: 8

547

* Valid_Data: 24 (Indicates that the data length is 2 bytes, starting from the 4th byte)

548

* has_CRC: 1

549

* timeout: 1500 (Fill in the test according to the actual situation)

550

551

**So the input command is:**

552

553

AT+DYSENSOR=A1,8,A103000000019CAA,8,24,1,1500

554

555

556

In every sampling. WSC1-L will auto append the sensor segment as per this structure and uplink.

557

558

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:351px" %)

559

|=(% style="width: 94px;" %)Type Code|=(% style="width: 121px;" %)Length (Bytes)|=(% style="width: 132px;" %)Measured Value

560

|(% style="width:94px" %)A1|(% style="width:121px" %)2|(% style="width:132px" %)0x000A

561

562

**Related commands:**

563

564

AT+DYSENSOR=A1,0 ~-~-> Delete 3^^rd^^ party sensor A1.

565

566

AT+DYSENSOR ~-~-> List All 3^^rd^^ Party Sensor. Like below:

567

568

569

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: **

570

571

**delete custom sensor A1:**

572

573

* 0xE5A1 Same as: AT+DYSENSOR=A1,0

574

575

**Remove all custom sensors**

* 0xE5FF

== 3.4 RS485 Test Command ==

582

583

584

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

585

586

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:474px" %)

587

|=(% style="width: 159px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 227px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 85px;" %)**Response**

588

|(% style="width:159px" %)AT+RSWRITE=xxxxxx|(% style="width:227px" %)(((

589

(((

590

Send command to 485 sensor

)))

(((

Range : no more than 10 bytes

595

)))

596

)))|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

597

598

Eg: Send command **01 03 00 00 00 01 84 0A** to 485 sensor

599

600

AT+RSWRITE=0103000001840A

601

602

603

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

604

605

* 0xE20103000001840A Same as: AT+RSWRITE=0103000001840A

== 3.5 RS485 response timeout ==

610

611

612

Feature: Set or get extended time to receive 485 sensor data.

613

614

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

615

616

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:433px" %)

617

|=(% style="width: 157px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 188px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 85px;" %)**Response**

618

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+DTR=1000|(% style="width:188px" %)(((

619

(((

620

Set response timeout to:

)))

(((

Range : 0~~10000

)))

)))|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

627

628

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

629

630

Format: Command Code (0xE0) followed by 3 bytes time value.

631

632

If the downlink payload=E0000005, it means set the END Node’s Transmit Interval to 0x000005=5(S), while type code is E0.

633

634

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: E0000005 ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (DTR) = 5 seconds

635

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: E000000A ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (DTR) = 10 seconds

== 3.6 Set Sensor Type ==

(((

Feature: Set sensor in used. If there are 6 sensors, user can set to only send 5 sensors values.

)))

(((

See [[definition>>||anchor="HWeatherSensorTypes:"]] for the sensor type.

648

)))

649

650

[[image:image-20220624144904-12.png]]

651

652

653

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

654

655

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:377px" %)

656

|=(% style="width: 157px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 130px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 87px;" %)**Response**

657

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+STYPE=802212|(% style="width:130px" %)Set sensor types|(% style="width:87px" %)OK

658

659

Eg: The setting command **AT+STYPE=802212** means:

660

661

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:495px" %)

So wsc1-L will upload the following data: Custom Sensor A1, Rain Gauge,CO2,BAT.

670

671

672

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

673

674

* 0xE400802212 Same as: AT+STYPE=802212

675

676

(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**

677

678

~1. The sensor type will not be saved to flash, and the value will be updated every time the sensor is restarted or rescanned.

679

680

681

= 4. Power consumption and battery =

682

683

== 4.1 Total Power Consumption ==

684

685

686

Dragino Weather Station serial products include the main process unit ( WSC1-L ) and various sensors. The total power consumption equal total power of all above units. The power consumption for main process unit WSC1-L is 18ma @ 12v. and the power consumption of each sensor can be found on the Sensors chapter.

687

688

689

== 4.2 Reduce power consumption ==

690

691

692

The main process unit WSC1-L is set to LoRaWAN Class C by default. If user want to reduce the power consumption of this unit, user can set it to run in Class A. In Class A mode, WSC1-L will not be to get real-time downlink command from IoT Server.

== 4.3 Battery ==

(((

All sensors are only power by external power source. If external power source is off. All sensor won't work.

)))

(((

Main Process Unit WSC1-L is powered by both external power source and internal 1000mAh rechargeable battery. If external power source is off, WSC1-L still runs and can send periodically uplinks, but the sensors value will become invalid. External power source can recharge the 1000mAh rechargeable battery.

)))

= 5. Main Process Unit WSC1-L =

== 5.1 Features ==

* Wall Attachable.

* LoRaWAN v1.0.3 Class A protocol.

714

* RS485 / Modbus protocol

715

* Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915

716

* AT Commands to change parameters

717

* Remote configure parameters via LoRaWAN Downlink

718

* Firmware upgradable via program port

719

* Powered by external 12v battery

720

* Back up rechargeable 1000mAh battery

721

* IP Rating: IP65

722

* Support default sensors or 3rd party RS485 sensors

== 5.2 Power Consumption ==

727

728

729

WSC1-L (without external sensor): Idle: 4mA, Transmit: max 40mA

730

731

732

== 5.3 Storage & Operation Temperature ==

-20°C to +60°C

== 5.4 Pin Mapping ==

739

740

741

[[image:1656054149793-239.png]]

== 5.5 Mechanical ==

Refer LSn50v2 enclosure drawing in: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/0ir0l9jjmk6p95e/AADwWXorcKuNpPR5em7VgrEja?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/0ir0l9jjmk6p95e/AADwWXorcKuNpPR5em7VgrEja?dl=0]]

748

749

750

== 5.6 Connect to RS485 Sensors ==

751

752

753

WSC1-L includes a RS485 converter PCB. Which help it easy to connect multiply RS485 sensors. Below is the photo for reference.

754

755

756

[[image:1656054389031-379.png]]

757

758

759

Hardware Design for the Converter Board please see:

760

761

[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/bqyvsvitb70qtgf/AABLpD7_yxsQ_drVMxHIEI7wa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/bqyvsvitb70qtgf/AABLpD7_yxsQ_drVMxHIEI7wa?dl=0]]

762

763

764

= 6. Weather Sensors =

765

766

== 6.1 Rain Gauge ~-~- WSS-01 ==

(((

WSS-01 RS485 Rain Gauge is used in meteorology and hydrology to gather and measure the amount of liquid precipitation (mainly rainfall) over an area.

)))

(((

WSS-01 uses a tipping bucket to detect rainfall. The tipping bucket use 3D streamline shape to make sure it works smoothly and is easy to clean.

)))

(((

WSS-01 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-01 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the rainfall to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol

)))

(((

The tipping bucket of WSS-01 is adjusted to the best angle. When installation, user only needs to screw up and adjust the bottom horizontally.

)))

(((

WSS-01 package includes screw which can be installed to ground. If user want to install WSS-01 on pole, they can purchase WS-K2 bracket kit.

)))

=== 6.1.1 Feature ===

* RS485 Rain Gauge

* Small dimension, easy to install

795

* Vents under funnel, avoid leaf or other things to avoid rain flow.

796

* ABS enclosure.

797

* Horizontal adjustable.

=== 6.1.2 Specification ===

* Resolution: 0.2mm

* Accuracy: ±3%

* Range: 0 ~~ 100mm

* Rainfall strength: 0mm～4mm/min (max 8mm/min)

808

* Input Power: DC 5~~24v

809

* Interface: RS485

810

* Working Temperature: 0℃～70℃ ( incorrect below 0 degree, because water become ICE)

811

* Working Humidity: <100% (no dewing)

812

* Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v.

=== 6.1.3 Dimension ===

817

818

819

[[image:1656054957406-980.png]]

820

821

822

=== 6.1.4 Pin Mapping ===

823

824

825

[[image:1656054972828-692.png]]

826

827

828

=== 6.1.5 Installation Notice ===

(((

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

)))

(((

Installation Photo as reference:

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Install on Ground:**

)))

(((

WSS-01 Rain Gauge include screws so can install in ground directly .

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Install on pole:**

)))

(((

If user want to install on pole, they can purchase the (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** WS-K2 : Bracket Kit for Pole installation**(%%), and install as below:

855

)))

856

857

[[image:image-20220624152218-1.png||height="526" width="276"]]

858

859

WS-K2: Bracket Kit for Pole installation

860

861

862

WSSC-K2 dimension document, please see:

863

864

[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/7wa2elfm2q8xq4l/AAB7ZB_gSVGrhmJEgU2LyTQNa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/7wa2elfm2q8xq4l/AAB7ZB_gSVGrhmJEgU2LyTQNa?dl=0]]

865

866

867

== 6.2 Wind Speed/Direction ~-~- WSS-02 ==

868

869

870

[[image:1656055444035-179.png]]

(((

WSS-02 is a RS485 wind speed and wind direction monitor designed for weather station solution.

)))

(((

WSS-02 shell is made of polycarbonate composite material, which has good anti-corrosion and anti-corrosion characteristics, and ensure the long-term use of the sensor without rust. At the same time, it cooperates with the internal smooth bearing system to ensure the stability of information collection

)))

(((

Users only need to connect WSS-02 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the wind speed and direction to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.2.1 Feature ===

888

889

890

* RS485 wind speed / direction sensor

891

* PC enclosure, resist corrosion

=== 6.2.2 Specification ===

896

897

898

* Wind speed range: 0 ~~ 30m/s, (always show 30m/s for higher speed)

899

* Wind direction range: 0 ~~ 360°

900

* Start wind speed: ≤0.3m/s

901

* Accuracy: ±（0.3＋0.03V）m/s , ±1°

902

* Input Power: DC 5~~24v

903

* Interface: RS485

904

* Working Temperature: -30℃～70℃

905

* Working Humidity: <100% (no dewing)

906

* Power Consumption: 13mA ~~ 12v.

907

* Cable Length: 2 meters

=== 6.2.3 Dimension ===

912

913

914

[[image:image-20220624152813-2.png]]

915

916

917

=== 6.2.4 Pin Mapping ===

918

919

920

[[image:1656056281231-994.png]]

921

922

923

=== 6.2.5 Angle Mapping ===

924

925

926

[[image:1656056303845-585.png]]

=== 6.2.6 Installation Notice ===

(((

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

)))

(((

The sensor must be installed with below direction, towards North.

)))

[[image:image-20220624153901-3.png]]

944

945

946

== 6.3 CO2/PM2.5/PM10 ~-~- WSS-03 ==

(((

WSS-03 is a RS485 Air Quality sensor. It can monitor CO2, PM2.5 and PM10 at the same time.

)))

(((

WSS-03 uses weather proof shield which can make sure the sensors are well protected against UV & radiation.

)))

(((

WSS-03 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-03 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the environment CO2, PM2.5 and PM10 to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.3.1 Feature ===

963

964

965

* RS485 CO2, PM2.5, PM10 sensor

966

* NDIR to measure CO2 with Internal Temperature Compensation

967

* Laser Beam Scattering to PM2.5 and PM10

=== 6.3.2 Specification ===

972

973

974

* CO2 Range: 0～5000ppm, accuracy: ±3%F•S（25℃）

975

* CO2 resolution: 1ppm

976

* PM2.5/PM10 Range: 0～1000μg/m3 , accuracy ±3%F•S（25℃）

977

* PM2.5/PM10 resolution: 1μg/m3

978

* Input Power: DC 7 ~~ 24v

979

* Preheat time: 3min

980

* Interface: RS485

981

* Working Temperature:

982

** CO2: 0℃～50℃;

983

** PM2.5/PM10: -30 ~~ 50℃

984

* Working Humidity:

985

** PM2.5/PM10: 15～80%RH (no dewing)

986

** CO2: 0～95%RH

987

* Power Consumption: 50mA@ 12v.

=== 6.3.3 Dimension ===

992

993

994

[[image:1656056708366-230.png]]

=== 6.3.4 Pin Mapping ===

999

1000

1001

[[image:1656056722648-743.png]]

1002

1003

1004

=== 6.3.5 Installation Notice ===

1005

1006

1007

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1008

1009

1010

[[image:1656056751153-304.png]]

1011

1012

1013

[[image:1656056766224-773.png]]

1014

1015

1016

== 6.4 Rain/Snow Detect ~-~- WSS-04 ==

(((

WSS-04 is a RS485 rain / snow detect sensor. It can monitor Rain or Snow event.

)))

(((

WSS-04 has auto heating feature, this ensures measurement more reliable.

)))

(((

WSS-04 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-04 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the SNOW/Rain Event to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.4.1 Feature ===

1033

1034

1035

* RS485 Rain/Snow detect sensor

1036

* Surface heating to dry

1037

* grid electrode uses Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold design for resist corrosion

=== 6.4.2 Specification ===

1042

1043

1044

* Detect if there is rain or snow

1045

* Input Power: DC 12 ~~ 24v

1046

* Interface: RS485

1047

* Working Temperature: -30℃～70℃

1048

* Working Humidity: 10～90%RH

1049

* Power Consumption:

1050

** No heating: 12mA @ 12v,

1051

** heating: 94ma @ 12v.

=== 6.4.3 Dimension ===

1056

1057

1058

[[image:1656056844782-155.png]]

1059

1060

1061

=== 6.4.4 Pin Mapping ===

1062

1063

1064

[[image:1656056855590-754.png]]

1065

1066

1067

=== 6.4.5 Installation Notice ===

1068

1069

1070

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

(((

Install with 15°degree.

1075

)))

1076

1077

[[image:1656056873783-780.png]]

1078

1079

1080

[[image:1656056883736-804.png]]

1081

1082

1083

=== 6.4.6 Heating ===

(((

WSS-04 supports auto-heat feature. When the temperature is below the heat start temperature 15℃, WSS-04 starts to heat and stop at stop temperature (default is 25℃).

)))

== 6.5 Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure ~-~- WSS-05 ==

(((

WSS-05 is a 4 in 1 RS485 sensor which can monitor Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance and Pressure at the same time.

)))

(((

WSS-05 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-05 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload environment Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.5.1 Feature ===

1104

1105

1106

* RS485 Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure sensor

=== 6.5.2 Specification ===

1111

1112

1113

* Input Power: DC 12 ~~ 24v

1114

* Interface: RS485

1115

* Temperature Sensor Spec:

** Range: -30 ~~ 70℃

** resolution 0.1℃

** Accuracy: ±0.5℃

* Humidity Sensor Spec:

1120

** Range: 0 ~~ 100% RH

1121

** resolution 0.1 %RH

1122

** Accuracy: 3% RH

1123

* Pressure Sensor Spec:

1124

** Range: 10～1100hPa

1125

** Resolution: 0.1hPa

1126

** Accuracy: ±0.1hPa

1127

* Illuminate sensor:

1128

** Range: 0～2/20/200kLux

1129

** Resolution: 10 Lux

1130

** Accuracy: ±3％FS

1131

* Working Temperature: -30℃～70℃

1132

* Working Humidity: 10～90%RH

1133

* Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v

=== 6.5.3 Dimension ===

1138

1139

1140

[[image:1656057170639-522.png]]

1141

1142

1143

=== 6.5.4 Pin Mapping ===

1144

1145

1146

[[image:1656057181899-910.png]]

1147

1148

1149

=== 6.5.5 Installation Notice ===

1150

1151

1152

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1153

1154

[[image:1656057199955-514.png]]

1155

1156

1157

[[image:1656057212438-475.png]]

1158

1159

1160

== 6.6 Total Solar Radiation sensor ~-~- WSS-06 ==

(((

WSS-06 is Total Radiation Sensor can be used to measure the total solar radiation in the spectral range of 0.3 to 3 μm (300 to 3000 nm). If the sensor face is down, the reflected radiation can be measured, and the shading ring can also be used to measure the scattered radiation.

)))

(((

The core device of the radiation sensor is a high-precision photosensitive element, which has good stability and high precision; at the same time, a precision-machined PTTE radiation cover is installed outside the sensing element, which effectively prevents environmental factors from affecting its performance

)))

(((

WSS-06 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-06 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload Total Solar Radiation to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.6.1 Feature ===

1177

1178

1179

* RS485 Total Solar Radiation sensor

1180

* Measure Total Radiation between 0.3～3μm（300～3000nm）

1181

* Measure Reflected Radiation if sense area towards ground.

=== 6.6.2 Specification ===

1186

1187

1188

* Input Power: DC 5 ~~ 24v

1189

* Interface: RS485

1190

* Detect spectrum: 0.3～3μm（300～3000nm）

1191

* Measure strength range: 0～2000W/m2

1192

* Resolution: 0.1W/m2

1193

* Accuracy: ±3%

1194

* Yearly Stability: ≤±2％

1195

* Cosine response: ≤7％ (@ Sun angle 10°)

1196

* Temperature Effect: ±2％（－10℃～40℃）

1197

* Working Temperature: -40℃～70℃

1198

* Working Humidity: 10～90%RH

1199

* Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v

=== 6.6.3 Dimension ===

1204

1205

1206

[[image:1656057348695-898.png]]

1207

1208

1209

=== 6.6.4 Pin Mapping ===

1210

1211

1212

[[image:1656057359343-744.png]]

1213

1214

1215

=== 6.6.5 Installation Notice ===

1216

1217

1218

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1219

1220

1221

[[image:1656057369259-804.png]]

1222

1223

1224

[[image:1656057377943-564.png]]

1225

1226

1227

== 6.7 PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation) ~-~- WSS-07 ==

(((

WSS-07 photosynthetically active radiation sensor is mainly used to measure the photosynthetically active radiation of natural light in the wavelength range of 400-700nm.

)))

(((

WSS-07 use precision optical detectors and has an optical filter of 400-700nm, when natural light is irradiated, a voltage signal proportional to the intensity of the incident radiation is generated, and its luminous flux density is proportional to the cosine of the direct angle of the incident light.

)))

(((

WSS-07 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-07 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload Photosynthetically Available Radiation to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.7.1 Feature ===

(((

PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation) sensor measure 400 ~~ 700nm wavelength nature light's Photosynthetically Available Radiation.

)))

(((

When nature light shine on the sense area, it will generate a signal base on the incidence radiation strength.

)))

=== 6.7.2 Specification ===

1256

1257

1258

* Input Power: DC 5 ~~ 24v

1259

* Interface: RS485

1260

* Response Spectrum: 400～700nm

1261

* Measure range: 0～2500μmol/m2•s

1262

* Resolution: 1μmol/m2•s

1263

* Accuracy: ±2%

1264

* Yearly Stability: ≤±2％

1265

* Working Temperature: -30℃～75℃

1266

* Working Humidity: 10～90%RH

1267

* Power Consumption: 3mA @ 12v

=== 6.7.3 Dimension ===

1272

1273

1274

[[image:1656057538793-888.png]]

1275

1276

1277

=== 6.7.4 Pin Mapping ===

1278

1279

1280

[[image:1656057548116-203.png]]

1281

1282

1283

=== 6.7.5 Installation Notice ===

1284

1285

1286

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1287

1288

1289

[[image:1656057557191-895.png]]

1290

1291

1292

[[image:1656057565783-251.png]]

= 7. FAQ =

== 7.1 What else do I need to purchase to build Weather Station? ==

1298

1299

1300

Below is the installation photo and structure:

1301

1302

1303

[[image:1656057598349-319.png]]

1304

1305

1306

[[image:1656057608049-693.png]]

1307

1308

1309

== 7.2 How to upgrade firmware for WSC1-L? ==

(((

Firmware Location & Change log:

1314

1315

[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/fuorz31grv8i3r1/AABmjFDU4FADNP6sq7fsmBwVa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/fuorz31grv8i3r1/AABmjFDU4FADNP6sq7fsmBwVa?dl=0]]

)))

(((

)))

(((

Firmware Upgrade instruction: [[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome||anchor="H2.HardwareUpgradeMethodSupportList"]]

)))

== 7.3 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==

1328

1329

1330

User can follow the introduction for how to [[upgrade image>>||anchor="H7.2HowtoupgradefirmwareforWSC1-L3F"]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.

1331

1332

1333

== 7.4 Can I add my weather sensors? ==

1334

1335

1336

Yes, connect the sensor to RS485 bus and see instruction: [[add sensors.>>||anchor="H3.3AddorDeleteRS485Sensor"]]

1337

1338

1339

= 8. Trouble Shooting =

1340

1341

== 8.1 AT Command input doesn't work ==

(((

In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.

)))

= 9. Order Info =

== 9.1 Main Process Unit ==

1352

1353

1354

Part Number: (% style="color:blue" %)**WSC1-L-XX**

1355

1356

(% style="color:blue" %)**XX**(%%): The default frequency band

1357

1358

* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band

1359

* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band

1360

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band

1361

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band

1362

* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band

1363

* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band

1364

* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band

1365

* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band

== 9.2 Sensors ==

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:500px" %)

1373

|=(% style="width: 300px;" %)**Sensor Model**|=(% style="width: 200px;" %)**Part Number**

1374

|(% style="width:462px" %)**Rain Gauge**|(% style="width:120px" %)WSS-01

1375

|(% style="width:462px" %)**Rain Gauge installation Bracket for Pole**|(% style="width:120px" %)WS-K2

1376

|(% style="width:462px" %)**Wind Speed Direction 2 in 1 Sensor**|(% style="width:120px" %)WSS-02

1377

|(% style="width:462px" %)**CO2/PM2.5/PM10 3 in 1 Sensor**|(% style="width:120px" %)WSS-03

1378

|(% style="width:462px" %)**Rain/Snow Detect Sensor**|(% style="width:120px" %)WSS-04

1379

|(% style="width:462px" %)**Temperature, Humidity, illuminance and Pressure 4 in 1 sensor**|(% style="width:120px" %)WSS-05

1380

|(% style="width:462px" %)**Total Solar Radiation Sensor**|(% style="width:120px" %)WSS-06

1381

|(% style="width:462px" %)**PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation)**|(% style="width:120px" %)WSS-07

= 10. Support =

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

1389

* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]]

= 11. Appendix I: Field Installation Photo =

1394

1395

1396

[[image:1656058346362-132.png||height="685" width="732"]]

1397

1398

(% style="color:blue" %)**Storage Battery: 12v,12AH li battery**