Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 97.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 11:44

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
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74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
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81.1	13
50.3	14
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94.2	20
96.2	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
94.2	22
96.2	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
94.2	24
	25
	26
95.4	27	(((
94.2	28	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
95.4	29	)))
94.2	30
95.4	31	(((
94.2	32	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
95.4	33	)))
94.2	34
95.4	35	(((
94.2	36	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
95.4	37	)))
94.2	38
95.4	39	(((
94.2	40	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
95.4	41	)))
94.2	42
75.2	43	(((
94.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
95.2	47	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	48
95.2	49
96.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
	52
95.2	53	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
95.5	63
	64
95.2	65	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	66
50.3	67	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	68	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	69	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	70	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	71	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	72	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	73	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	74
95.5	75
	76
95.2	77	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	78
50.3	79	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	80	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	81	* Tx power:
	82	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	83	** 11b tx power: 18db
	84	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	85	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	86	* Wifi Sensitivity
	87	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	88	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	89
95.5	90
	91
95.2	92	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	93
	94	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	95	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	96	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	97	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	98	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	99	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	100	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	101	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	102
95.5	103
	104
95.2	105	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	106
	107	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	108	* Micro SIM Slot
	109	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	110	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	111	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	112	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	113
	114
95.5	115
	116
96.2	117	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	118
	119
95.6	120	* Open Source OpenWrt system
	121	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
	122	* Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
	123	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	124	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	125	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	126	* Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
	127	* Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
	128	* Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
	129	* Support different level log in.
	130	* Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
	131	* Support LoRaWAN basic station.
	132	* Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
95.5	133
	134
	135
95.6	136
96.2	137	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	138
96.2	139	[[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
50.3	140
96.2	141
97.2	142	== 1.5 LPS8N Applications ==
50.3	143
97.2	144	[[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
50.3	145
	146
97.2	147	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	148
73.5	149	[[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
50.3	150
	151
	152	There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
	153
	154	(((
	155	(((
	156	* (((
	157	(% style="color:green" %)SOLID GREEN: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
	158	)))
	159	)))
	160
	161	* (((
	162	(% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)RED (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)YELLOW (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
	163	)))
	164	* (((
	165	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
	166	)))
	167	)))
	168
	169	== 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
	170
	171	DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
	172
73.5	173	[[image:1652412859663-161.png\|\|height="341" width="333"]]
50.3	174
	175	= 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
	176
	177	The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
	178
	179	== 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
	180
	181	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
	182
73.5	183	[[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
50.3	184
	185	At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password:
	186
73.5	187	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	188
	189	(% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
	190
75.3	191	(((
50.3	192	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
75.3	193	)))
50.3	194
	195	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
	196
73.5	197	[[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
50.3	198
	199
77.2	200	(((
50.3	201	Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
77.2	202	)))
50.3	203
	204	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
	205
73.5	206	[[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
50.3	207
	208
	209	If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
	210
	211	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	212
	213	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
	214
	215	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	216
	217	Web Interface
	218
	219	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	220
	221	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	222
	223	or
	224
	225	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	226
	227
	228	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	229
	230	The account details for Web Login are:
	231
	232	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	233
	234	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	235
73.5	236	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	237
	238	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	239
	240	== 3.1 Overview ==
	241
	242	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	243
	244	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	245	* WiFi Client Mode
	246	* WiFi AP Mode
	247	* Cellular Mode
	248
	249	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	250
	251	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	252
73.5	253	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	254
	255	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	256
	257	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	258
77.2	259	(((
50.3	260	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	261	)))
50.3	262
73.5	263	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	264
77.2	265	(((
50.3	266	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
77.2	267	)))
50.3	268
	269	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	270
	271	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	272
77.2	273	(((
50.3	274	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	275	)))
50.3	276
73.5	277	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	278
	279
80.2	280	(((
78.2	281	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	282	)))
50.3	283
77.2	284	(((
50.3	285	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	286	)))
50.3	287
77.2	288	(((
50.3	289	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	290	)))
50.3	291
80.2	292	(((
73.5	293	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	294	)))
50.3	295
	296	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	297
	298	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	299
	300	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	301
78.2	302	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	303	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	304	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	305
73.5	306	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	307
	308	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	309
	310	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	311
80.4	312	(((
73.5	313	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	314	)))
50.3	315
	316	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	317
80.9	318	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	319
	320	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	321
	322	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	323
78.3	324	(((
50.3	325	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	326	)))
50.3	327
80.4	328	(((
73.5	329	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	330	)))
50.3	331
80.4	332	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	333
	334	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	335
	336	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	337
73.5	338	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	339
	340	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	341
80.4	342	(((
73.5	343	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	344	)))
50.3	345
	346	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	347
	348	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	349	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	350	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	351	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	352
	353	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	354
73.5	355	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	356
	357	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	358
	359	Open the following page:
	360
73.5	361	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	362
73.5	363	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	364
80.4	365	(((
50.3	366	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	367	)))
50.3	368
	369	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	370
73.5	371	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	372
	373	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	374
80.4	375	(((
50.3	376	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	377	)))
50.3	378
80.4	379	(((
50.3	380	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	381	)))
50.3	382
80.4	383	(((
50.3	384	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	385	)))
50.3	386
73.5	387	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	388
	389	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	390
	391	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	392
73.5	393	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	394
	395	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	396
73.5	397	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	398
	399	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	400
	401	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	402
73.5	403	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	404
	405
	406	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	407
73.5	408	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	409
78.3	410	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	411
78.3	412	(((
50.3	413	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	414	)))
50.3	415
78.3	416	(((
50.3	417	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	418	)))
50.3	419
73.5	420	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	421
78.3	422	(((
50.3	423	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	424	)))
50.3	425
78.3	426	(((
50.3	427	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	428	)))
50.3	429
	430	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	431	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	432	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	433
78.3	434	(((
50.3	435	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	436	)))
50.3	437
73.5	438	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	439
78.3	440	(((
50.3	441	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	442	)))
50.3	443
78.3	444	(((
50.3	445	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	446	)))
50.3	447
78.3	448	(((
50.3	449	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	450	)))
50.3	451
73.5	452	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	453
	454	Open the Application select Add end device
	455
	456	Start Register the end device
	457
73.5	458	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	459
78.3	460	(((
50.3	461	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	462	)))
50.3	463
78.3	464	(((
50.3	465	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	466	)))
50.3	467
73.5	468	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	469
	470	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	471
73.5	472	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	473
	474	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	475
73.5	476	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	477
78.3	478	(((
50.3	479	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	480	)))
50.3	481
78.3	482	(((
50.3	483	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	484	)))
50.3	485
78.3	486	(((
50.3	487	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	488	)))
50.3	489
73.5	490	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	491
	492	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	493
	494	== 5.1 Home ==
	495
	496	Shows the system running status.
	497
73.5	498	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	499
	500	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	501
	502	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	503
78.4	504	(((
50.3	505	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	506	)))
50.3	507
78.4	508	(((
50.3	509	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	510	)))
50.3	511
	512	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	513	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	514
78.4	515	(((
50.3	516	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	517	)))
50.3	518
73.5	519	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	520
80.10	521	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	522
	523
	524	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	525
	526	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	527
	528	* No internet connection.
80.9	529	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	530
78.4	531	(((
80.10	532	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	533	)))
50.3	534
73.5	535	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	536
	537	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	538
	539	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	540
	541	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	542
73.5	543	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	544
	545	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	546
	547	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	548
	549	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	550
80.10	551	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	552
	553	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	554
73.5	555	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	556
78.4	557	(((
80.10	558	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	559	)))
50.3	560
	561	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	562
78.4	563	(((
50.3	564	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	565	)))
50.3	566
78.4	567	(((
80.10	568	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	569	)))
50.3	570
73.5	571	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	572
	573	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	574
	575	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	576
80.10	577	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	578
	579
73.5	580	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	581
	582	== 5.5 System ==
	583
	584	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	585
	586	Shows the system info:
	587
73.5	588	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	589
	590	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	591
73.5	592	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	593
78.5	594	(((
54.2	595	__System Password:__
78.5	596	)))
50.3	597
78.5	598	(((
54.2	599	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	600	)))
50.3	601
78.5	602	(((
50.3	603	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	604	)))
50.3	605
54.2	606	(((
78.5	607	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	608	)))
50.3	609
54.2	610	(((
78.5	611	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	612	)))
50.3	613
54.2	614	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	615
73.5	616	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	617
78.5	618	(((
	619	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	620	)))
50.3	621
54.2	622	(((
78.5	623	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	624	)))
50.3	625
54.2	626	(((
78.5	627	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	628
	629
54.2	630	)))
50.3	631
54.2	632	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	633
	634	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	635
73.5	636	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	637
54.2	638	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	639
	640	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	641
73.5	642	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	643
54.2	644	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	645
59.2	646	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	647
73.5	648	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	649
59.2	650	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	651
	652	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	653
73.5	654	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	655
73.5	656	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	657
73.5	658	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	659
	660	Please see this document for detail:
	661
80.4	662	(((
50.3	663	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	664	)))
50.3	665
	666
80.10	667	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	668
73.5	669	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	670
80.10	671
66.2	672	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	673
	674	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	675
	676	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	677
	678	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	679
	680	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	681
	682	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	683
78.5	684	(((
66.2	685	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	686	)))
50.3	687
78.5	688	(((
66.2	689	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	690	)))
50.3	691
73.5	692	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	693
	694	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	695
66.2	696	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	697
	698	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	699
73.5	700	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	701
66.2	702	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	703
66.2	704	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	705
66.2	706	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	707
66.2	708	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	709
66.2	710	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	711
73.5	712	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	713
73.7	714	(((
	715
	716	)))
50.3	717
66.2	718	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	719
73.5	720	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	721
	722	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	723
66.2	724	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	725
66.2	726	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	727
	728
	729	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	730
91.1	731	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	732
	733
	734	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	735
93.1	736	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	737
93.1	738	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	739
93.1	740
91.1	741	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	742
	743	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	744
	745
66.2	746	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	747
	748	Show the system log
	749
73.5	750	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	751
66.2	752	= 6. More features =
50.3	753
66.2	754	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	755
80.12	756	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	757
80.12	758
66.2	759	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	760
	761	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	762
66.2	763	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	764
	765	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	766
	767	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	768
	769	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	770
71.2	771	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	772
71.2	773	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	774
	775	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	776
73.5	777	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	778
71.2	779	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	780
73.5	781	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	782
80.13	783
67.3	784	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	785
78.5	786	(((
71.2	787	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	788	)))
50.3	789
78.5	790	(((
50.3	791	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	792	)))
50.3	793
78.5	794	(((
50.3	795	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	796	)))
50.3	797
78.5	798	(((
50.3	799	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	800	)))
50.3	801
73.5	802	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	803
	804
71.3	805	== 7.3 File System ==
	806
78.6	807	(((
50.3	808	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	809	)))
50.3	810
78.6	811	(((
50.3	812	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	813	)))
50.3	814
78.6	815	(((
50.3	816	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	817	)))
50.3	818
71.6	819
71.3	820	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	821
71.3	822	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	823
78.6	824	(((
71.3	825	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	826	)))
50.3	827
78.6	828	(((
71.6	829	In Linux Console run:
78.6	830	)))
50.3	831
71.6	832	(((
71.7	833	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	834	)))
50.3	835
71.6	836	(((
	837	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	838	)))
50.3	839
71.6	840	(((
	841	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	842	)))
50.3	843
	844	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	845
	846
71.6	847	(((
71.7	848	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	849	)))
50.3	850
71.6	851	(((
71.7	852	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	853	)))
50.3	854
71.6	855	(((
73.3	856	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	857	)))
50.3	858
71.6	859	(((
71.7	860	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	861	)))
50.3	862
71.6	863	(((
73.3	864	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	865	)))
50.3	866
71.6	867	(((
71.7	868	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	869	)))
50.3	870
71.6	871	(((
71.7	872	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	873	)))
50.3	874
73.2	875	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	876
71.7	877
73.2	878	= 9. FAQ =
	879
71.6	880	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	881
78.6	882	(((
80.10	883	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	884	)))
50.3	885
78.6	886	(((
80.10	887
78.6	888	)))
50.3	889
71.6	890	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	891
80.10	892	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	893
73.2	894
71.6	895	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	896
78.6	897	(((
50.3	898	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	899	)))
50.3	900
78.6	901	(((
50.3	902	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	903	)))
50.3	904
73.2	905
71.6	906	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	907
	908	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	909
71.7	910
73.2	911	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	912
71.6	913	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	914
	915	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	916
73.3	917	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	918
73.5	919	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	920
73.3	921	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	922
73.3	923	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	924
73.3	925	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	926
73.3	927	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	928
78.6	929	(((
50.3	930	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	931	)))
50.3	932
73.3	933	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	934
73.2	935
71.6	936	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	937
78.6	938	(((
80.11	939	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	940	)))
50.3	941
78.6	942	(((
80.11	943
78.6	944	)))
50.3	945
71.6	946	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	947
73.5	948	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	949
78.6	950	(((
50.3	951	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	952	)))
50.3	953
73.5	954	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	955
	956
	957	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	958
73.2	959	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	960
	961	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	962	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	963	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	964
	965	As below photo:
	966
73.5	967	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	968
73.2	969	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	970
	971	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	972
73.5	973
71.7	974	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	975
73.6	976	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	977
73.6	978	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	979
73.6	980	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	981	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	982
73.6	983	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	984
73.6	985	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	986	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	987	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	988	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	989
	990	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	991
73.6	992
71.7	993	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	994
78.6	995	(((
50.3	996	Package Includes:
78.6	997	)))
50.3	998
	999	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	1000	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	1001	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1002
78.6	1003	(((
50.3	1004	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1005	)))
50.3	1006
	1007	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	1008	* Weight: 187g
	1009	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	1010	* Weight: 300g
	1011
71.7	1012	= 13. Support =
50.3	1013
80.15	1014	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1015	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1016	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1017	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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