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Version 97.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 11:44
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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6
7 **Table of Contents：**
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21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63
64
65 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
66
67 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
68 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
69 * LoRaWAN Wireless
70 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
71 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
72 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
73 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
74
75
76
77 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
78
79 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
80 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
81 * Tx power:
82 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
83 ** 11b tx power: 18db
84 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
85 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
86 * Wifi Sensitivity
87 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
88 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
89
90
91
92 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
93
94 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
95 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
96 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
97 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
98 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
99 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
100 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
101 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
102
103
104
105 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
106
107 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
108 * Micro SIM Slot
109 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
110 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
111 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
112 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
113
114
115
116
117 == 1.3  Features ==
118
119
120 * Open Source OpenWrt system
121 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
122 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
123 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
124 * LoRaWAN Gateway
125 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
126 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
127 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
128 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
129 * Support different level log in.
130 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
131 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
132 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
133
134
135
136
137 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
138
139 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
140
141
142 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
143
144 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
145
146
147 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
148
149 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
150
151
152 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
153
154 (((
155 (((
156 * (((
157 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
158 )))
159 )))
160
161 * (((
162 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
163 )))
164 * (((
165 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
166 )))
167 )))
168
169 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
170
171 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
172
173 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
174
175 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
176
177 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
178
179 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
180
181 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
182
183 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
184
185 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
186
187 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
188
189 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
190
191 (((
192 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
193 )))
194
195 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
196
197 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
198
199
200 (((
201 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
202 )))
203
204 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
205
206 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
207
208
209 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
210
211 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
212
213 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
214
215 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
216
217 **Web Interface**
218
219 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
220
221 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
222
223 or
224
225 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
226
227
228 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
229
230 The account details for Web Login are:
231
232 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
233
234 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
235
236 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
237
238 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
239
240 == 3.1 Overview ==
241
242 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
243
244 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
245 * **WiFi Client Mode**
246 * **WiFi AP Mode**
247 * **Cellular Mode**
248
249 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
250
251 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
252
253 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
254
255 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
256
257 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
258
259 (((
260 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
261 )))
262
263 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
264
265 (((
266 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
267 )))
268
269 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
270
271 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
272
273 (((
274 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
275 )))
276
277 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
278
279
280 (((
281 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
282 )))
283
284 (((
285 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
286 )))
287
288 (((
289 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
290 )))
291
292 (((
293 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
294 )))
295
296 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
297
298 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
299
300 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
301
302 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
303 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
304 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
305
306 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
307
308 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
309
310 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
311
312 (((
313 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
314 )))
315
316 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
317
318 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
319
320 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
321
322 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
323
324 (((
325 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
326 )))
327
328 (((
329 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
330 )))
331
332 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
333
334 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
335
336 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
337
338 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
339
340 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
341
342 (((
343 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
344 )))
345
346 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
347
348 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
349 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
350 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
351 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
352
353 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
354
355 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
356
357 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
358
359 Open the following page:
360
361 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
362
363 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
364
365 (((
366 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
367 )))
368
369 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
370
371 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
372
373 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
374
375 (((
376 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
377 )))
378
379 (((
380 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
381 )))
382
383 (((
384 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
385 )))
386
387 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
388
389 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
390
391 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
392
393 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
394
395 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
396
397 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
398
399 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
400
401 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
402
403 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
404
405
406 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
407
408 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
409
410 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
411
412 (((
413 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
414 )))
415
416 (((
417 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
418 )))
419
420 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
421
422 (((
423 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
424 )))
425
426 (((
427 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
428 )))
429
430 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
431 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
432 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
433
434 (((
435 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
436 )))
437
438 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
439
440 (((
441 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
442 )))
443
444 (((
445 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
446 )))
447
448 (((
449 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
450 )))
451
452 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
453
454 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
455
456 Start Register the end device
457
458 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
459
460 (((
461 Select OTAA activation mode
462 )))
463
464 (((
465 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
466 )))
467
468 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
469
470 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
471
472 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
473
474 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
475
476 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
477
478 (((
479 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
480 )))
481
482 (((
483 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
484 )))
485
486 (((
487 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
488 )))
489
490 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
491
492 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
493
494 == 5.1 Home ==
495
496 Shows the system running status.
497
498 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
499
500 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
501
502 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
503
504 (((
505 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
506 )))
507
508 (((
509 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
510 )))
511
512 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
513 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
514
515 (((
516 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
517 )))
518
519 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
520
521 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
522
523
524 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
525
526 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
527
528 * No internet connection.
529 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
530
531 (((
532 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
533 )))
534
535 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
536
537 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
538
539 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
540
541 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
542
543 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
544
545 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
546
547 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
548
549 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
550
551 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
552
553 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
554
555 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
556
557 (((
558 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
559 )))
560
561 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
562
563 (((
564 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
565 )))
566
567 (((
568 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
569 )))
570
571 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
572
573 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
574
575 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
576
577 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
578
579
580 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
581
582 == 5.5 System ==
583
584 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
585
586 Shows the system info:
587
588 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
589
590 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
591
592 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
593
594 (((
595 **__System Password:__**
596 )))
597
598 (((
599 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
600 )))
601
602 (((
603 This page can be used to set the password for them.
604 )))
605
606 (((
607 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
608 )))
609
610 (((
611 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
612 )))
613
614 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
615
616 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
617
618 (((
619 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
620 )))
621
622 (((
623 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
624 )))
625
626 (((
627 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
628
629
630 )))
631
632 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
633
634 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
635
636 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
637
638 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
639
640 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
641
642 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
643
644 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
645
646 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
647
648 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
649
650 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
651
652 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
653
654 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
655
656 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
657
658 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
659
660 Please see this document for detail:
661
662 (((
663 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
664 )))
665
666
667 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
668
669 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
670
671
672 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
673
674 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
675
676 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
677
678 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
679
680 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
681
682 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
683
684 (((
685 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
686 )))
687
688 (((
689 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
690 )))
691
692 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
693
694 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
695
696 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
697
698 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
699
700 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
701
702 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
703
704 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
705
706 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
707
708 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
709
710 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
711
712 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
713
714 (((
715
716 )))
717
718 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
719
720 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
721
722 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
723
724 == 5.6 LogRead ==
725
726 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
727
728
729 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
730
731 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
732
733
734 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
735
736 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
737
738 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
739
740
741 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
742
743 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
744
745
746 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
747
748 Show the system log
749
750 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
751
752 = 6. More features =
753
754 == 6.1 More instructions ==
755
756 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
757
758
759 = 7. Linux System =
760
761 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
762
763 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
764
765 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
766
767 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
768
769 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
770
771 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
772
773 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
774
775 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
776
777 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
778
779 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
780
781 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
782
783
784 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
785
786 (((
787 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
788 )))
789
790 (((
791 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
792 )))
793
794 (((
795 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
796 )))
797
798 (((
799 Screenshot is as below:
800 )))
801
802 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
803
804
805 == 7.3 File System ==
806
807 (((
808 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
809 )))
810
811 (((
812 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
813 )))
814
815 (((
816 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
817 )))
818
819
820 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
821
822 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
823
824 (((
825 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
826 )))
827
828 (((
829 **In Linux Console run:**
830 )))
831
832 (((
833 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
834 )))
835
836 (((
837 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
838 )))
839
840 (((
841 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
842 )))
843
844 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
845
846
847 (((
848 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
849 )))
850
851 (((
852 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
853 )))
854
855 (((
856 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
857 )))
858
859 (((
860 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
861 )))
862
863 (((
864 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
865 )))
866
867 (((
868 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
869 )))
870
871 (((
872 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
873 )))
874
875 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
876
877
878 = 9. FAQ =
879
880 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
881
882 (((
883 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
884 )))
885
886 (((
887
888 )))
889
890 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
891
892 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
893
894
895 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
896
897 (((
898 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
899 )))
900
901 (((
902 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
903 )))
904
905
906 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
907
908 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
909
910
911 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
912
913 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
914
915 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
916
917 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
918
919 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
920
921 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
922
923 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
924
925 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
926
927 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
928
929 (((
930 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
931 )))
932
933 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
934
935
936 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
937
938 (((
939 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
940 )))
941
942 (((
943
944 )))
945
946 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
947
948 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
949
950 (((
951 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
952 )))
953
954 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
955
956
957 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
958
959 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
960
961 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
962 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
963 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
964
965 As below photo:
966
967 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
968
969 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
970
971 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
972
973
974 = 11. Order Info =
975
976 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
977
978 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
979
980 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
981 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
982
983 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
984
985 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
986 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
987 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
988 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
989
990 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
991
992
993 = 12. Packing Info =
994
995 (((
996 **Package Includes**:
997 )))
998
999 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1000 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1001 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1002
1003 (((
1004 **Dimension and weight**:
1005 )))
1006
1007 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1008 * Weight: 187g
1009 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1010 * Weight: 300g
1011
1012 = 13. Support =
1013
1014 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1015 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1016 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1017 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]