Last modified by Kilight Cao on 2024/12/11 11:22
<
From version < 83.4 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/08/23 10:01
To version < 237.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2023/07/26 09:07
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Summary

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Content
... ... @@ -16,23 +16,22 @@
16 16  
17 17  
18 18  
19 -= **1. Introduction** =
19 += 1. Introduction =
20 20  
21 +== 1.1 What is LPS8v2 ==
21 21  
22 -== **1.1 What is LPS8v2** ==
23 23  
24 -
25 25  (((
26 26  (((
27 -The LPS8v2 is an (% style="color:green" %)**open-source LoRaWAN Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via (% style="color:green" %)**WiFi , Ethernet or Cellular Network**(%%) (via Optional 4G module). The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data rates.
26 +The LPS8v2 is an (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source LoRaWAN Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via (% style="color:blue" %)**WiFi , Ethernet or Cellular Network**(%%) (via Optional 4G module). The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data rates.
28 28  )))
29 29  
30 30  (((
31 -The LPS8v2 is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It supports different kinds of LoRaWAN Network Connections such as: (% style="color:green" %)**Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder, LoRaWAN Basic Station, ChirpStack MQTT Bridge**(%%), and so on. This makes LPS8V2 work with most LoRaWAN platforms in the market.
30 +The LPS8v2 is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It supports different kinds of LoRaWAN Network Connections such as: (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder, LoRaWAN Basic Station, ChirpStack MQTT Bridge**(%%), and so on. This makes LPS8V2 work with most LoRaWAN platforms in the market.
32 32  )))
33 33  
34 34  (((
35 -LPS8v2 also includes a (% style="color:green" %)**built-in LoRaWAN Server and IoT server**(%%), which provide the possibility for the system integrator to deploy the IoT service without cloud service or 3rd servers.
34 +LPS8v2 also includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**built-in LoRaWAN Server and IoT server**(%%), which provide the possibility for the system integrator to deploy the IoT service without cloud service or 3rd servers.
36 36  )))
37 37  
38 38  (((
... ... @@ -40,14 +40,13 @@
40 40  )))
41 41  
42 42  (((
43 -LPS8v2 supports (% style="color:green" %)**remote management**(%%). System Integrator can easy to remote monitor the gateway and maintain it.
42 +LPS8v2 supports (% style="color:blue" %)**remote management**(%%). System Integrator can easy to remote monitor the gateway and maintain it.
44 44  )))
45 45  
46 46  
46 +== 1.2 Specifications ==
47 47  
48 -== **1.2 Specifications** ==
49 49  
50 -
51 51  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
52 52  
53 53  * CPU: Quad-core Cortex-A7 1.2Ghz
... ... @@ -59,16 +59,18 @@
59 59  * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
60 60  * Multi-Channel LoRaWAN Wireless
61 61  * WiFi 802.11 b/g/n
60 +* Sensitivity: -140dBm
61 +* Max Output Power: 27dBm
62 62  
63 63  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Operating Condition:**
64 64  
65 -* Work Temperature: -20 ~~ 65°C
66 -* Storage Temperature: -20 ~~ 65°C
65 +* Work Temperature: -20 ~~ 70°C
66 +* Storage Temperature: -20 ~~ 70°C
67 67  * Power Input: 5V, 2A, DC
68 68  
69 69  
70 70  
71 -== **1.3 Features** ==
71 +== 1.3 Features ==
72 72  
73 73  
74 74  * Open Source Debian system
... ... @@ -83,57 +83,81 @@
83 83  ** Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder
84 84  ** LoRaWAN Basic Station
85 85  ** ChirpStack-Gateway-Bridge (MQTT)
86 -* Built-in (% style="color:#037691" %)//**The Things Network**//(%%) local LoRaWAN server
87 -* Built-in  (% style="color:#037691" %)//**Node-Red**// (%%)local Application server
86 +* Built-in (% style="color:#037691" %)**The Things Network**(%%) local LoRaWAN server
87 +* Built-in  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Node-Red** (%%)local Application server
88 88  
89 89  
90 90  
91 -== **1.4 Block Diagram** ==
91 +== 1.4 LED Indicators ==
92 92  
93 93  
94 +LPS8-V2 has totally four LEDs, They are:
94 94  
95 -== **1.5 LED Indicators** ==
96 96  
97 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Power LED**(%%): This RED LED will be solid if the device is properly powered
97 97  
98 -LPS8-V2 has totally four LEDs, They are:
99 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ ETH LED**(%%):  This RGB LED will blink GREEN when the ETH port is connecting
99 99  
101 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ SYS LED**(%%):  This RGB LED will show different colors in different states:
100 100  
101 -(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ Power LED**//(%%)//: This RED LED will be solid if the device is properly powered//
103 + ✓ **SOLID GREEN:** The device is alive with a LoRaWAN server connection.
102 102  
103 -(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ LoRa LED**//(%%)//: This RGB LED will blink GREEN when the LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet//
105 + ✓ **BLINKING GREEN:** a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will BLINKING GREEN for several seconds and then with BLINKING GREEN together
104 104  
105 -(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ SYS LED**//(%%)//: This RGB LED will show different colors in different states~://
107 + ✓** SOLID RED:** Device doesn't have an Internet connection.
106 106  
107 -// ✓ **SOLID BLUE:** The device is alive with a LoRaWAN server connection.//
109 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ WIFI LED**(%%): This LED shows the WIFI interface connection status.
108 108  
109 -// ✓ **BLINKING BLUE:** a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will BLINKING BLUE for several seconds and then with SOLID RED and BLINKING BLUE together//
110 110  
111 -// ✓** SOLID RED:** Device doesn't have an Internet connection.//
112 +== 1.5 Button Intruction ==
112 112  
113 -(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ ETH LED**//(%%)//: This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.//
114 114  
115 +LPS8-V2 has a black toggle button, which is:
115 115  
116 116  
117 -= **2. Quick Start** =
118 +(% style="color:blue" %)**//➢ //Long press 4-5s  : **(%%)the gateway will reload the Network and Initialize wifi configuration
118 118  
120 + // // **LED status: ** ETH LED will BLINKIND BULE Until the reload is finished.
119 119  
122 +
123 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Long press more than 10s:**(%%)**    **the gateway will restore the factory settings.
124 +
125 + **LED status: ** ETH LED will SOLID BULE Until the restore is finished.
126 +
127 +
128 += 2. Quick Start =
129 +
130 +
120 120  The LPS8-V2 supports network access via Ethernet or Wi-Fi connection and runs without a network.
121 121  
122 122  In most cases, the first thing you need to do is make the lps8-v2 accessible to the network.
123 123  
124 124  
136 +== 2.1 Access and Configure LPS8-V2 ==
125 125  
126 -== **2.1 Connects to the network and accesses the gateway Web UI** ==
138 +=== 2.1.1 Find IP address of LPS8-V2 ===
127 127  
128 128  
129 -== **2.1.1 connect the network.** ==
141 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 1**(%%):  Connect via LPS8-V2 WiFi ====
130 130  
131 131  
132 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 1**(%%):  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from the router ===
144 +Since software version **230524**,At the first boot of LPS8-V2, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(%%)with password:
133 133  
146 +(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**dragino+dragino**
134 134  
148 +User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LPS8-V2 has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)**10.130.1.1**
149 +
150 +[[image:image-20230527084515-1.png]]
151 +
152 +[[image:image-20230527085250-2.png||height="495" width="284"]]
153 +
154 +
155 +
156 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 2**(%%):  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from the router ====
157 +
158 +
135 135  (((
136 -Connect the LPS8-V2 Ethernet port to your router and LPS8 can obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8-V2.
160 +Connect the LPS8-V2 Ethernet port to your router and LPS8-V2 can obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8-V2.
137 137  )))
138 138  
139 139  (((
... ... @@ -144,34 +144,43 @@
144 144  
145 145  
146 146  
147 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 2**(%%):  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from the router ===
171 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 3**(%%):  Connect via LPS8-V2 Fallback IP ====
148 148  
149 149  
150 -[[image:image-20220622100542-2.png||height="369" width="1256"]]
174 +[[image:image-20230107084650-2.png||height="310" width="839"]]
151 151  
152 152  
153 -(((
154 -The LPS8-V2 has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. you have to access the gateway Web-UI to configure the WiFi connection via the fallback IP address.
155 -)))
177 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Steps to connect via fallback IP:**
156 156  
179 +~1. Connect the PC's Ethernet port to LPS8-V2's WAN port
157 157  
181 +2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
158 158  
159 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Steps to connect via fallback IP:**
160 160  
161 -~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LPS8-V2's WAN port
184 +**Settings ~-~-> Network & Internet ~-~-> Ethernet ~-~-> Change advanced sharing options ~-~-> Double-click"Ethernet" ~-~-> Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)**
162 162  
163 -2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has  IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
164 164  
187 +As in the below photo:
165 165  
166 -[[image:image-20220622101433-4.png]]
189 +[[image:image-20230413172038-1.png||height="732" width="1243"]]
167 167  
168 168  
169 -and then On the PC, use the IP address **http:~/~/172.31.255.254** to access the LPS8-V2 via Web or Console.
192 +Configure computer Ethernet port steps video: **[[attach:fallback ip.mp4||target="_blank"]]**
170 170  
194 +If you still can't access the LPS8-V2 fallback ip, follow this connection to debug : **[[Trouble Shooting>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H9.2A0FallbackIPdoesnotwork2Chowcanuserscheck]]**
171 171  
172 -[[image:image-20220622102210-5.png||height="569" width="1039"]]
173 173  
197 +3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8-V2 via Web or Console.
174 174  
199 +[[image:image-20230111094247-2.png||height="619" width="1250"]]
200 +
201 +
202 +
203 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 4**(%%):  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from the router ====
204 +
205 +[[image:image-20220622100542-2.png||height="369" width="1256"]]
206 +
207 +
175 175  Fill in the WiFi information by checking the box and clicking (% style="color:red" %)**Save&Apply**
176 176  
177 177  
... ... @@ -185,16 +185,109 @@
185 185  [[image:image-20220622102847-7.png]]
186 186  
187 187  
188 -[[image:image-20220622102901-8.png||height="513" width="1011"]]
221 +[[image:image-20220622102901-8.png||height="476" width="938"]]
189 189  
190 190  
224 +=== 2.1.2 Access Configure Web UI ===
191 191  
192 -== **2.2 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network** ==
193 193  
227 +**Web Interface**
194 194  
195 -=== **2.2.1 Select your area frequency** ===
229 +Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8-V2 ip address (depends on your connect method)
196 196  
197 197  
232 +[[(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//http:~~/~~/IP_ADDRESS //**>>http://IP_ADDRESS]](%%) or (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**[[http:~~/~~/172.31.255.254>>http://172.31.255.254(]]**//(Fallback IP)
233 +
234 +You will see the login interface of LPS8-V2 as shown below.
235 +
236 +The account details for Web Login are:
237 +
238 +(% style="color:blue" %)**User Name: root**
239 +
240 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Password:   dragino**
241 +
242 +[[image:image-20230106153501-1.png||height="367" width="894"]]
243 +
244 +
245 +== 2.2  Typical Network Setup ==
246 +
247 +=== 2.2.1  Overview ===
248 +
249 +
250 +LPS8-V2 supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the typical network topology can be set in LPS8-V2. The typical network set up includes:
251 +
252 +* **WAN Port Internet Mode**
253 +
254 +* **WiFi Client Mode**
255 +
256 +* **Cellular Mode**
257 +
258 +
259 +
260 +=== 2.2.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ===
261 +
262 +
263 +By default, the LPS8-V2 is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8-V2's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8-V2 will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:blue" %)**home page**(%%):
264 +
265 +
266 +[[image:image-20230411100633-2.png||height="501" width="935"]]
267 +
268 +
269 +=== 2.2.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ===
270 +
271 +
272 +In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8-V2 acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
273 +
274 +The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:blue" %)**Network ~-~-> Wi-Fi**
275 +
276 +[[image:image-20230411095739-1.png||height="264" width="691"]]
277 +
278 +In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click(% style="color:blue" %)** Save & Apply**(%%) to connect.
279 +
280 +
281 +=== 2.2.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ===
282 +
283 +
284 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Since Hardware version HP0C 1.4**
285 +
286 +Users can see whether LPS8v2 has EC25 on the label of the gateway to determine whether there is 3G/4G Cellular modem.
287 +
288 +
289 +If the LPS8-V2 has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
290 +
291 +First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
292 +
293 +Second, Power off/ ON LPS8-V2 to let it detect the SIM card.
294 +
295 +
296 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1657090855037-497.png?rev=1.1||alt="1657090855037-497.png"]]
297 +
298 +
299 +The set up page is (% style="color:blue" %)**Network ~-~-> Cellular**
300 +
301 +While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
302 +
303 +
304 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1657090932270-444.png?rev=1.1||alt="1657090932270-444.png"]]
305 +
306 +
307 +=== 2.2.5  Check Internet connection ===
308 +
309 +
310 +In the **home** page, we can check the Internet connection.
311 +
312 +* GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436675869-206.png?width=15&height=14&rev=1.1||alt="1652436675869-206.png"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
313 +* Yellow  Tick  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436705761-420.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="1652436705761-420.png"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
314 +* RED Cross  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436787176-950.png?width=15&height=14&rev=1.1||alt="1652436787176-950.png"]] : This interface doesn't connected or no internet.
315 +
316 +[[image:image-20230411101534-3.png||height="544" width="942"]]
317 +
318 +
319 +== 2.3 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network ==
320 +
321 +=== 2.3.1 Select your area frequency ===
322 +
323 +
198 198  (((
199 199  First, you need to set the frequency plan in LPS8-V2 to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
200 200  
... ... @@ -201,17 +201,16 @@
201 201  
202 202  )))
203 203  
204 -[[image:image-20220622103332-9.png]]
330 +[[image:image-20220622103332-9.png||height="485" width="938"]]
205 205  
206 206  
333 +=== 2.3.2 Get the only gateway EUI ===
207 207  
208 -=== **2.2.2 Get the only gateway EUI** ===
209 209  
210 -
211 211  Every LPS8-V2 has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found on LoRaWAN Semtech page:
212 212  
213 213  
214 -[[image:image-20220622103355-10.png]]
339 +[[image:image-20220622103355-10.png||height="698" width="949"]]
215 215  
216 216  
217 217  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster that corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
... ... @@ -229,10 +229,9 @@
229 229  [[image:image-20220622103956-12.png]]
230 230  
231 231  
357 +=== 2.3.3 Register the gateway to The Things Network ===
232 232  
233 -== **2.2.3 Register the gateway to The Things Network** ==
234 234  
235 -
236 236  **Login to The Things Network**
237 237  
238 238  [[https:~~/~~/console.cloud.thethings.network/>>https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]
... ... @@ -246,32 +246,30 @@
246 246  **Get it online**
247 247  
248 248  
373 += 3. Web Configure Pages =
249 249  
250 -= **3. Web Configure Pages** =
375 +== 3.1 Home ==
251 251  
252 252  
253 -== **3.1 Home** ==
378 +Shows the system running status:
254 254  
380 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/WebHome/image-20220622102901-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220622102901-8.png" height="476" width="939"]]
255 255  
256 -//Shows the system running status~://
257 257  
383 +== 3.2 LoRa Settings ==
258 258  
385 +=== 3.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
259 259  
260 -== **3.2 LoRa Settings** ==
261 261  
388 +This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There is a set of default frequency bands according to LoRaWAN protocol, and users can customize the band* as well.
262 262  
263 -=== **3.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa** ===
390 +Different LPS8v2 hardware versions can support different frequency ranges:
264 264  
392 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**868**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865, or KZ865.
393 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
265 265  
266 -//This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There is a set of default frequency bands according to LoRaWAN protocol, and users can customize the band* as well.//
267 -
268 -//Different LPS8v2 hardware versions can support different frequency ranges~://
269 -
270 -* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)//**868**//(% style="color:black" %)//: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865, or KZ865.//
271 -* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)//**915**//(% style="color:black" %)//: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920//
272 -
273 273  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
274 -//After the user choose the frequency plan,  the user can see the actual frequency is used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**//
396 +After the user choose the frequency plan,  the user can see the actual frequency is used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
275 275  
276 276  
277 277  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
... ... @@ -279,160 +279,301 @@
279 279  
280 280  
281 281  (((
282 -(% style="color:red" %)//**Note *: See this instruction for how to customize the frequency band: **//(%%)**//__[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band - DRAGINO>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/How%20to%20customized%20LoRaWAN%20frequency%20band/]]__//**
404 +(% style="color:red" %)//**Note *: See this instruction for how to customize the frequency band: **//(%%)**//__[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band - DRAGINO>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]__//**
283 283  )))
284 284  
285 285  
408 +== 3.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
286 286  
287 -== **3.3 LoRaWAN Settings** ==
410 +=== 3.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Semtech UDP ===
288 288  
289 289  
290 -=== **3.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Semtech UDP** ===
413 +This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]], etc.
291 291  
292 292  
293 -//This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]], etc.//
294 -
295 -
296 296  [[image:image-20220616111932-2.png||height="516" width="672"]]
297 297  
298 298  
419 +=== 3.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Basic Station ===
299 299  
300 -=== **3.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Basic Station** ===
301 301  
422 +This page is for the connection set up to the TTN Basic Station, AWS-IoT, etc.
302 302  
303 -//This page is for the connection set up to the TTN Basic Station, AWS-IoT, etc.//
304 304  
305 -
306 306  [[image:image-20220616113246-3.png||height="396" width="672"]]
307 307  
308 308  
309 309  (((
310 -Please see this instruction to know more detail and a demo for how to use of LoRaWAN Basic Station: __[[Use of LoRaWAN Basic Station - DRAGINO>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Use%20of%20LoRaWAN%20Basic%20Station/]]__
429 +Please see this instruction to know more detail and a demo for how to use of LoRaWAN Basic Station: __[[Use of LoRaWAN Basic Station - DRAGINO>>doc:Main.Use of LoRaWAN Basic Station.WebHome]]__
311 311  )))
312 312  
313 313  
433 +== 3.4 Network Settings ==
314 314  
315 -== **3.4 Network Settings** ==
435 +=== 3.4.1 Network ~-~-> WiFi ===
316 316  
437 +Users can configure the wifi WAN and enable Wifi Access Point on this interface
317 317  
318 -=== **3.4.1 Network ~-~-> WiFi** ===
439 +[[image:image-20230619095946-1.png||height="332" width="827"]]
319 319  
320 320  
321 -[[image:image-20220616114756-4.png||height="251" width="669"]]
442 +=== 3.4.2 Network ~-~-> System Status ===
322 322  
323 323  
445 +[[image:image-20220820134112-2.png||height="539" width="668"]]
324 324  
325 -=== **3.4.2 Network ~-~-> System Status** ===
326 326  
448 +=== 3.4.3 Network ~-~-> Network ===
327 327  
328 -[[image:image-20220820134112-2.png||height="539" width="668"]]
329 329  
451 +In the **Network ~-~-> Network** interface, Users can set the Ethernet WAN static ip address.
330 330  
453 +[[image:image-20230214093657-2.png||height="333" width="858"]]
331 331  
332 -=== **3.4.3 Network ~-~-> Firewall** ===
333 333  
456 +=== 3.4.4 Network ~-~-> Cellular ===
334 334  
335 -[[image:image-20220616115351-6.png||height="244" width="661"]]
336 336  
459 +In the **Network ~-~-> Cellular** interface, Users can Enable Cellular WAN and configure Celluar.
337 337  
461 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: APN cannot be empty.**
338 338  
339 -== **3.5 System** ==
463 +[[image:image-20230228115126-1.png]]
340 340  
341 341  
342 -=== **3.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview** ===
466 +After the configuration is complete, return to the Home interface and put the mouse on the Cell icon to check the Cellular state.
343 343  
468 +[[image:image-20230228115535-2.png||height="478" width="888"]]
344 344  
470 +
471 +Note: Known bugs: 4g consumes a lot of data which has been fixed by the package: dragino-ui-230716
472 +
473 +[[Reduce data method>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H8.3Howtoreducethe4gdataconsumed]]
474 +
475 +
476 +== 3.5 System ==
477 +
478 +=== 3.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
479 +
480 +
345 345  Shows the system info:
346 346  
483 +[[image:image-20220917144512-5.png||height="618" width="853"]]
347 347  
348 348  
349 -=== **3.5.2 System ~-~-> Backup/Restore** ===
486 +=== 3.5.2 System ~-~-> System General ===
350 350  
351 351  
352 -[[image:image-20220616115808-7.png||height="194" width="649"]]
489 +In the **System-> System General** interface, Users can customize the configuration System Password and set Timezone.
353 353  
491 +In addition, Users can customize the FallBack IP address.
354 354  
493 +[[image:image-20230214094058-3.png]]
355 355  
356 -= **4. Build-in Server** =
357 357  
496 +=== 3.5.3 System ~-~-> Backup/Restore ===
358 358  
359 -The default factory version of LPS8-V2 is installed with the built-in Applicant server: (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red, and**(%%) LoRaWAN Server: (% style="color:blue" %)**The Things Network - Stack (Open Source 3.19 Version).**
360 360  
499 +[[image:image-20220917144725-6.png||height="208" width="869"]]
361 361  
362 -[[image:image-20220820115644-1.png]]
363 363  
502 +=== 3.5.4 System ~-~-> Remoteit ===
364 364  
504 +
505 +In the **System-> Remoteit** interface, users can configure the gateway to be accessed remotely via Remote.it.
506 +
507 +
508 +the users can refer to this link to configure them: **[[Monitor & Remote Access Gateway>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access#H2.1A0RemoteAccessviaRemote.it.]]**
509 +
510 +[[image:image-20221230092303-2.png]]
511 +
512 +
513 +=== 3.5.5 System ~-~-> Package Management ===
514 +
515 +
516 +In the **System ~-~-> Package Management** interface, Users can check the current version of Core Packages.
517 +
518 +[[image:image-20230214094316-4.png]]
519 +
520 +
521 += 4. Build-in Server =
522 +
523 +
524 +Since software version 0606,the default factory version of LPS8-V2 is installed with the built-in Applicant server: (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red**(%%), LoRaWAN Server: (% style="color:blue" %)**ChirpStack**(%%).
525 +
526 +[[image:image-20230616175617-8.png||height="390" width="894"]]
527 +
528 +[[image:image-20230616175558-7.png||height="362" width="894"]]
529 +
530 +
531 +
365 365  (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
366 366  
367 - **Path**: System ~-~-> Built-in Server
534 + **Path**: Server ~-~-> Network Server
368 368  
536 + Server ~-~-> Application Server
369 369  
538 +
370 370  **Troubleshooting:**
371 371  
372 372  
373 373  **~ 1. URL does not jump properly**
374 374  
375 - For the ttn-stack, you can click the update the URL which will update the configuration where change the hotsname to the current local IP address as the URL.
544 + For the ChirpStack, you can use the local IP address and the port is **8080** to access it.
376 376  
377 - For the Node-Red, you can use the local IP address and the port is 18880 to access it.
546 + For the Node-Red, you can use the local IP address and the port is **1880** to access it.
378 378  
379 379  
549 +== 4.1 LoRaWAN Network  Server ~-~- ChirpStack ==
380 380  
381 -== **4.1 LoRaWAN Network  Server ~-~- The Things Network - Stack (TTN-V3)** ==
382 382  
552 +You can access the gateway's built-in LNS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**ChirpStack **(%%)via the URL( (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address> //**__(%%)) in your browser.
383 383  
384 -You can access the gateway's built-in LNS server of **The Things Network - Stack **via the URL( (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address> //**__(%%)) in your browser.
385 -
386 386  Such as  (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:8080  or http:~/~/<Local-IPV4-Address>//**__
387 387  
388 388  
389 389  Login account:
390 390  
391 -**User ID: ** ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)admin(%%)**
559 +**Username : ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**admin**
392 392  
393 -**Password: ** ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino(%%)**
561 +**Password: ** ** (% style="background-color:#ffff00" %)admin(%%)**
394 394  
563 +[[image:image-20230616175332-6.png||height="519" width="1029"]]
395 395  
396 -[[image:image-20220725171719-1.png||height="570" width="769"]]
397 397  
398 398  
567 +=== 4.1.1 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to Built-in ChirpStack ===
399 399  
400 -== **4.2. Application Server ~-~- Node-Red** ==
401 401  
570 +Users need to set the Service Provider to (% style="color:blue" %)**Local Host/Build-in Server **(%%) and click "Save&Apply"
402 402  
403 -You can access the gateway's built-in AS server of **Node-Red **via the URL((% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address>//**__(%%)) in your browser.
572 +The registration steps are basically similar to [[LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network>>||anchor="H2.3TheLPS8-V2isregisteredandconnectedtoTheThingsNetwork"]]
404 404  
574 +[[image:image-20230321092456-1.png]]
405 405  
406 -Such as (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:8080  or http:~/~/<Local-IPV4-Address>//**__
407 407  
408 408  
578 +== 4.2 Application Server ~-~- Node-Red ==
579 +
580 +
581 +You can access the gateway's built-in AS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red **(%%)via the URL((% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:1880 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address>//**__(%%)) in your browser.
582 +
583 +
584 +Such as (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:1880  or http:~/~/<Local-IPV4-Address>//**__
585 +
586 +
409 409  [[image:image-20220725172124-3.png||height="610" width="843"]]
410 410  
411 411  
412 412  
413 -= **6. How users can access LPS8v2 using serial USB** =
591 +=== **Using Node-Red, InfluxDB and Grafana** ===
414 414  
593 +The LPS8-V2 supports this combination, the default, Node-red is pre-installed but the InfluxDB and Grafana is not pre-installed.
415 415  
416 -**USB TTL to LPS8v2  Connection:**
417 417  
418 -Port 1 of the UART on the LPS8v2 is GND
596 +the users can refer to this link to install them.
419 419  
598 +[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.6HowtoinstallGrafanaandinfluxdb>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.6HowtoinstallGrafanaandinfluxdb]]
599 +
600 +
601 +=== **Upgrade the node.js** ===
602 +
603 +By default, the LPS8-V2 node.js uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
604 +
605 +
606 +the users can refer to this link to upgrade them.
607 +
608 +[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.5Howtoupgradethenodejsversiontothelatest.>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.5Howtoupgradethenodejsversiontothelatest.]]
609 +
610 +
611 +== 4.3 How to disable the built-in server ==
612 +
613 +
614 +Use the following commands to start and stop the TTNv3 service:
615 +
420 420  (% class="box infomessage" %)
421 421  (((
422 -TXD  <~-~--> UART RXD (Gray line)
618 +**# start**
619 +systemctl start ttnstack
423 423  
424 -RXD  <~-~--> UART TXD (White line)
621 +**# stop**
622 +systemctl stop ttnstack
425 425  
426 -GND <~-~--> GND (Black line)
624 +**# enable**
625 +systemctl enable ttnstack
626 +
627 +**#disable**
628 +systemctl disable ttnstack
427 427  )))
428 428  
631 +Use the following commands to start and stop the Node-Red service:
429 429  
430 -**LPS8v2 UART connection photo**
633 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
634 +(((
635 +**# start**
636 +systemctl start nodered
431 431  
432 -[[image:image-20220804163015-1.png||height="621" width="466"]]
638 +**# stop**
639 +systemctl stop nodered
433 433  
641 +**# enable**
642 +systemctl enable nodered
434 434  
644 +**#disable**
645 +systemctl disable nodered
646 +)))
435 435  
648 +
649 +== 4.4 How to use ChirpStack on LPS8-V2 ==
650 +
651 +
652 +By default, the built-in LoRaWAN network server used on LPS8v2 is TTNv3, so users need follow this link to install chirpstack:
653 +
654 +**[[Build-in The Things Network migrate to ChirpStack>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H9.2Build-inTheThingsNetworkmigratetoChirpStack]]**
655 +
656 +
657 +=== 4.4.1 How do users choose the chirpstack server frequency SubBand ===
658 +
659 +
660 +On the **Server ~-~-> Network Server** interface, choose the frequency Plan first.
661 +
662 +If the frequency Plan used is CN470, US915, AU915, or AS923, the user needs to choose a frequency sub-band, because the frequency Sub Band of ChirpStack starts from 0, so for example, us915_1 corresponds to the actual frequency US915_2.
663 +
664 +[[image:image-20230602140406-3.png||height="480" width="918"]]
665 +
666 +
667 +When the configuration is complete, click** "Save&Apply"**.
668 +
669 +
670 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**(%%) When adding device profile, the selected Region configuration is also calculated from 0, so setting it to us915_1 corresponds to US915 Sub Band 2.
671 +
672 +[[image:image-20230602143122-4.png||height="511" width="983"]]
673 +
674 +
675 += 5. How the LPS8-V2 connects to Chirpstack via gateway-bridge =
676 +
677 +
678 +
679 += 6. How users can access LPS8-V2 using serial USB =
680 +
681 +
682 +(% style="color:blue" %)**USB TTL to LPS8-V2  Connection:**
683 +
684 +Port 1 of the UART on the LPS8-V2 is GND
685 +
686 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
687 +(((
688 +**TXD  <~-~--> UART RXD (Gray line)**
689 +
690 +**RXD  <~-~--> UART TXD (White line)**
691 +
692 +**GND <~-~--> GND (Black line)**
693 +)))
694 +
695 +**LPS8v2 UART connection photo**
696 +
697 +[[image:image-20230421094319-2.png||height="351" width="392"]]
698 +
436 436  In the PC,you can use the serial port tool(such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows), you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:blue" %)**115200**(%%) to access the serial console for LPS8v2. LPS8v2 will output system info once power on as below:
437 437  
438 438  
... ... @@ -442,31 +442,217 @@
442 442  [[image:image-20220804164747-2.png||height="622" width="594"]]
443 443  
444 444  
708 += 7. OTA System Update =
445 445  
446 -(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)**10. Supports**
447 447  
711 +LPS8v2 supports system auto-update via OTA, please see **[[this URL>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/OTA%20Update/]]** for the detail of this feature.
448 448  
713 +
714 +== 7.1 Auto-update method ==
715 +
716 +
717 +The default, each gateway will enable the auto-update function.
718 +
719 +this function will be triggered every boot and every midnight.
720 +
721 +
722 +Users can enable/disable it via Web Page
723 +
724 +[[image:image-20230607094447-2.png]]
725 +
726 +
727 +== 7.2 Manual upgrade method ==
728 +
729 +
730 +1). Using the Linux command to upgrade the system
731 +
732 +
733 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
449 449  (((
450 -**//If you are experiencing issues and can't solve them, you can send mail to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]].//**
735 +**apt update && apt install *dragino***
451 451  )))
452 452  
738 +
739 +2). Upgrade the system via the Web page button of "Manual Update"
740 +
741 +
742 +**Note: this method needs about 10 mins, so you will get the log after 10 mins.  **
743 +
744 +[[image:image-20230607093849-1.png]]
745 +
746 +
747 +
748 += 8. FAQ =
749 +
750 +== 8.1 How to change Hostname ==
751 +
752 +
753 +By default, Hostname is dragino-xxxxxx,If the user needs to change the hostname, the user needs to access the linux console of LPS8v2 and enter the following command:
754 +
755 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
453 453  (((
454 -**//With your question as detailed as possible. We will reply and help you in the shortest.//**
757 +hostnamectl set-hostname dragino-123456
758 +)))
455 455  
760 +[[image:image-20230517102429-1.png]]
456 456  
762 +After the configuration is complete, run "reboot" to restart the gateway.
457 457  
458 -= **11 Reference** =
459 459  
765 +== 8.2 Build-in The Things Network migrate to ChirpStack ==
460 460  
767 +
768 +Migrate guide:
769 +
770 +**1. Ensure that the gateway is in good network condition, Recommended use of ETH.**
771 +
772 +**2. On the Server ~-~-> Network Server interface, click "Management"**
773 +
774 +[[image:image-20230616162454-1.png]]
775 +
776 +
777 +**3. Click "Migrate-Chirpstack"**
778 +
779 +[[image:image-20230616162742-2.png]]
780 +
781 +
782 +**4. Strat Install **
783 +
784 +Click start Install and wait until the migration succeeds
785 +
786 +[[image:image-20230616162934-3.png]]
787 +
788 +
789 +**5.Migration complete check result**
790 +
791 +[[image:image-20230616174526-4.png||height="706" width="983"]]
792 +
793 +
794 +[[image:image-20230616180004-9.png]]
795 +
796 +
797 +== 8.3 How to reduce the 4g data consumed ==
798 +
799 +
800 +1). The gateway will check the network via ping 1.1.1.1/8.8.8.8 which will consume a lot of data, you can set the interval time to reduce data consume.
801 +
802 +[[image:image-20230719100239-1.png||height="724" width="994"]]
803 +
804 +
805 +2. Change the LoRa status package interval time: It does not affect the connection between the gateway and the server, just the status packet interval
806 +
807 +[[image:image-20230719100332-2.png]]
808 +
809 +
810 +3. Disable the auto-update:
811 +
812 +[[image:image-20230719100419-3.png||height="458" width="995"]]
813 +
814 +
815 +== 8.4 How to connect the helium blockchain as a Data-only hotspot ==
816 +
817 +
818 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
819 +(((
820 +apt update && apt install helium-gateway
821 +)))
822 +
823 +
824 += 9. Trouble Shooting =
825 +
826 +== 9.1  I can't log in to the built-in Server TTN Stack which shows '**Login failed**'. ==
827 +
828 +
829 +[[image:image-20220920135918-1.png]]
830 +
831 +
832 +This is caused by the inconsistency between the built-in TTN-Stack domain configuration and your login URL.
833 +
834 +By default, ttn-stack uses the gateway's domain name for URL resolution, but in some networks, they prefer to resolve IP-v4 addresses.
835 +
836 +
837 +So you can change the domain name of the TTN-Stack configuration to the IPv4 address.
838 +
839 +**Click the update URL button to configure the URL with the current eth port address.**
840 +
841 +[[image:image-20220920141936-2.png]]
842 +
843 +
844 +== 9.2  The built-in TTN status is "Not Running" and the URI is "dragino-123456". How users fix this problem ==
845 +
846 +
847 +When this problem occurs, click "**Update To DEFAULT**" ,this problem will be fixed.
848 +
849 +[[image:image-20230508171607-1.png]]
850 +
851 +
852 +== 9.3  Fallback IP does not work, how can users check ==
853 +
854 +
855 +When the computer has completed the above fallback IP configuration,the LPS8v2 Web UI is still not accessible via fallback IP.
856 +
857 +
858 +**1.Check whether the configuration is correct**
859 +
860 +Run the CMD command to ipconfig and ping 172.31.255.254.
861 +
862 +If this fails, the user needs to reconfigure.
863 +
864 +[[image:image-20230413170224-3.png||height="433" width="707"]]
865 +
866 +[[image:image-20230413170246-4.png]]
867 +
868 +
869 +**2. Check whether the firewall is disabled**
870 +
871 +If the firewall is not down, this will affect access to the gateway.
872 +
873 +
874 +== 9.4  Click "Manual_Update", why there is no response? ==
875 +
876 +
877 +When you click "Manual_Update", the gateway will finish updating within 10 minutes and display the update log.
878 +
879 +
880 +[[image:image-20230527090555-3.png||height="660" width="832"]]
881 +
882 +
883 +== 9.5  Why the LPS8V2's Access Point does not do not appear & Fallback IP unable to access ==
884 +
885 +
886 +Earlier versions of the LPS8V2 which missing the AP driver and not installed the fallback package, so the users have to do an extra update.
887 +
888 +
889 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
890 +(((
891 +apt update && apt install dragino-fallback
892 +
893 +wget -P /tmp/ [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-packages/linux-image-current-draginohp0z_22.05.2_armhf.deb>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-packages/linux-image-current-draginohp0z_22.05.2_armhf.deb]] && dpkg -i /tmp/[[linux-image-current-draginohp0z_22.05.2_armhf.deb>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-packages/linux-image-current-draginohp0z_22.05.2_armhf.deb]]
894 +)))
895 +
896 +
897 += (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)10. Supports(%%) =
898 +
899 +
900 +(((
901 +If you are experiencing issues and can't solve them, you can send mail to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]].
902 +)))
903 +
904 +(((
905 +With your question as detailed as possible. We will reply and help you in the shortest.
906 +
907 +
908 += 11. Reference =
909 +
910 +
461 461  * Install Tago Core: Refer **Install Tago Core in LPS8v2** in[[ Instruction>>doc:Main.Tago\.IO.WebHome]].
462 462  * [[Advance OS Reference Guide for LPS8v2>>doc:Main.Armbian OS instruction.WebHome]].
463 463  
464 464  
465 -
466 466  
467 467  )))
468 468  
469 -= **12. Order Info** =
918 += 12. Order Info =
470 470  
471 471  
472 472  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**LPS8v2-XXX-YYY**
... ... @@ -474,26 +474,33 @@
474 474  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**XXX**(% style="color:black" %): Frequency Band
475 475  
476 476  * (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
926 +
477 477  * (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
928 +
478 478  * (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
930 +
479 479  * (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
932 +
480 480  * (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
934 +
481 481  * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
482 482  
483 483  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**YYY**(% style="color:black" %): 4G Cellular Option
484 484  
485 -* (% style="color:red" %)**E**(%%):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
486 -* (% style="color:red" %)**A**(%%):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
487 -* (% style="color:red" %)**AU**(%%): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
488 -* (% style="color:red" %)**J**(%%):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
939 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India
489 489  
490 -More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
941 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-AFX**(% style="color:black" %): America:Verizon, AT&T(FirstNet), U.S.Cellular; Canada:Telus
491 491  
943 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-AUX**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
492 492  
945 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO, SoftBank, KDDI
493 493  
494 -= **13. Manufacturer Info** =
947 +More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
495 495  
496 496  
950 += 13. Manufacturer Info =
951 +
952 +
497 497  **Shenzhen Dragino Technology Development co. LTD**
498 498  
499 499  Room 202, Block B, BCT Incubation Bases (BaoChengTai),  No.8 CaiYunRoad
... ... @@ -501,10 +501,9 @@
501 501  LongCheng Street, LongGang District ; Shenzhen 518116,China
502 502  
503 503  
960 += 14. FCC Warning =
504 504  
505 -= **14. FCC Warning** =
506 506  
507 -
508 508  (((
509 509  This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
510 510  )))
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