Last modified by Kilight Cao on 2024/12/31 16:31
<
From version < 69.11 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/28 17:50
To version < 235.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2023/07/19 10:08
>
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Xiaoye
Content
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13 13  {{toc/}}
14 14  
15 15  
16 -= **1. Introduction** =
17 17  
18 -== **1.1 What is LPS8v2** ==
19 19  
20 20  
19 += 1. Introduction =
20 +
21 +== 1.1 What is LPS8v2 ==
22 +
23 +
21 21  (((
22 22  (((
23 -The LPS8v2 is an (% style="color:green" %)**open-source LoRaWAN Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via (% style="color:green" %)**WiFi , Ethernet or Cellular Network**(%%) (via Optional 4G module). The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data rates.
26 +The LPS8v2 is an (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source LoRaWAN Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via (% style="color:blue" %)**WiFi , Ethernet or Cellular Network**(%%) (via Optional 4G module). The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data rates.
24 24  )))
25 25  
26 26  (((
27 -The LPS8v2 is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It supports different kinds of LoRaWAN Network Connections such as: (% style="color:green" %)**Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder, LoRaWAN Basic Station, ChirpStack MQTT Bridge**(%%), and so on. This makes LPS8V2 work with most LoRaWAN platforms in the market.
30 +The LPS8v2 is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It supports different kinds of LoRaWAN Network Connections such as: (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder, LoRaWAN Basic Station, ChirpStack MQTT Bridge**(%%), and so on. This makes LPS8V2 work with most LoRaWAN platforms in the market.
28 28  )))
29 29  
30 30  (((
31 -LPS8v2 also includes a (% style="color:green" %)**built-in LoRaWAN Server and IoT server**(%%), which provide the possibility for the system integrator to deploy the IoT service without cloud service or 3rd servers.
34 +LPS8v2 also includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**built-in LoRaWAN Server and IoT server**(%%), which provide the possibility for the system integrator to deploy the IoT service without cloud service or 3rd servers.
32 32  )))
33 33  
34 34  (((
... ... @@ -36,14 +36,13 @@
36 36  )))
37 37  
38 38  (((
39 -LPS8v2 supports (% style="color:green" %)**remote management**(%%). System Integrator can easy to remote monitor the gateway and maintain it.
42 +LPS8v2 supports (% style="color:blue" %)**remote management**(%%). System Integrator can easy to remote monitor the gateway and maintain it.
40 40  )))
41 41  
42 42  
46 +== 1.2 Specifications ==
43 43  
44 -== **1.2 Specifications** ==
45 45  
46 -
47 47  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
48 48  
49 49  * CPU: Quad-core Cortex-A7 1.2Ghz
... ... @@ -50,29 +50,23 @@
50 50  * RAM: 512MB
51 51  * eMMC: 4GB
52 52  
53 -
54 -
55 55  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
56 56  
57 57  * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
58 58  * Multi-Channel LoRaWAN Wireless
59 59  * WiFi 802.11 b/g/n
60 +* Sensitivity: -140dBm
61 +* Max Output Power: 27dBm
60 60  
61 -
62 -
63 63  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Operating Condition:**
64 64  
65 -* Work Temperature: -20 ~~ 65°C
66 -* Storage Temperature: -20 ~~ 65°C
65 +* Work Temperature: -20 ~~ 70°C
66 +* Storage Temperature: -20 ~~ 70°C
67 67  * Power Input: 5V, 2A, DC
68 68  
69 +== 1.3 Features ==
69 69  
70 70  
71 -
72 -
73 -== **1.3 Features** ==
74 -
75 -
76 76  * Open Source Debian system
77 77  * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
78 78  * Remote Management
... ... @@ -85,60 +85,79 @@
85 85  ** Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder
86 86  ** LoRaWAN Basic Station
87 87  ** ChirpStack-Gateway-Bridge (MQTT)
88 -* Built-in (% style="color:#037691" %)//**The Things Network**//(%%) local LoRaWAN server
89 -* Built-in  (% style="color:#037691" %)//**Node-Red**// (%%)local Application server
84 +* Built-in (% style="color:#037691" %)**The Things Network**(%%) local LoRaWAN server
85 +* Built-in  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Node-Red** (%%)local Application server
90 90  
87 +== 1.4 LED Indicators ==
91 91  
92 92  
90 +LPS8-V2 has totally four LEDs, They are:
93 93  
94 94  
95 -== **1.4 Block Diagram** ==
93 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Power LED**(%%): This RED LED will be solid if the device is properly powered
96 96  
95 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ ETH LED**(%%):  This RGB LED will blink GREEN when the ETH port is connecting
97 97  
97 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ SYS LED**(%%):  This RGB LED will show different colors in different states:
98 98  
99 -== **1.5 LED Indicators** ==
99 + ✓ **SOLID GREEN:** The device is alive with a LoRaWAN server connection.
100 100  
101 + ✓ **BLINKING GREEN:** a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will BLINKING GREEN for several seconds and then with BLINKING GREEN together
101 101  
102 -LPS8-V2 has totally four LEDs, They are:
103 + ✓** SOLID RED:** Device doesn't have an Internet connection.
103 103  
105 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ WIFI LED**(%%): This LED shows the WIFI interface connection status.
104 104  
105 -(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ Power LED**//(%%)//: This RED LED will be solid if the device is properly powered//
106 106  
107 -(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ LoRa LED**//(%%)//: This RGB LED will blink GREEN when the LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet//
108 +== 1.5 Button Intruction ==
108 108  
109 -(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ SYS LED**//(%%)//: This RGB LED will show different colors in different states~://
110 110  
111 -// ✓ **SOLID BLUE:** The device is alive with a LoRaWAN server connection.//
111 +LPS8-V2 has a black toggle button, which is:
112 112  
113 -// ✓ **BLINKING BLUE:** a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will BLINKING BLUE for several seconds and then with SOLID RED and BLINKING BLUE together//
114 114  
115 -// ✓** SOLID RED:** Device doesn't have an Internet connection.//
114 +(% style="color:blue" %)**//➢ //Long press 4-5s  : **(%%)the gateway will reload the Network and Initialize wifi configuration
116 116  
117 -(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ ETH LED**//(%%)//: This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.//
116 + // // **LED status: ** ETH LED will BLINKIND BULE Until the reload is finished.
118 118  
119 119  
119 +(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Long press more than 10s:**(%%)**    **the gateway will restore the factory settings.
120 120  
121 -= **2. Quick Start** =
121 + **LED status: ** ETH LED will SOLID BULE Until the restore is finished.
122 122  
123 123  
124 += 2. Quick Start =
125 +
126 +
124 124  The LPS8-V2 supports network access via Ethernet or Wi-Fi connection and runs without a network.
125 125  
126 126  In most cases, the first thing you need to do is make the lps8-v2 accessible to the network.
127 127  
128 128  
132 +== 2.1 Access and Configure LPS8-V2 ==
129 129  
130 -== **2.1 Connects to the network and accesses the gateway Web UI** ==
134 +=== 2.1.1 Find IP address of LPS8-V2 ===
131 131  
132 132  
133 -== **2.1.1 connect the network.** ==
137 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 1**(%%):  Connect via LPS8-V2 WiFi ====
134 134  
135 -=== ===
136 136  
137 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 1**(%%):  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from the router ===
140 +Since software version **230524**,At the first boot of LPS8-V2, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(%%)with password:
138 138  
142 +(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**dragino+dragino**
139 139  
144 +User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LPS8-V2 has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)**10.130.1.1**
145 +
146 +[[image:image-20230527084515-1.png]]
147 +
148 +[[image:image-20230527085250-2.png||height="495" width="284"]]
149 +
150 +
151 +
152 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 2**(%%):  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from the router ====
153 +
154 +
140 140  (((
141 -Connect the LPS8-V2 Ethernet port to your router and LPS8 can obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8-V2.
156 +Connect the LPS8-V2 Ethernet port to your router and LPS8-V2 can obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8-V2.
142 142  )))
143 143  
144 144  (((
... ... @@ -149,33 +149,43 @@
149 149  
150 150  
151 151  
152 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 2**(%%):  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from the router ===
167 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 3**(%%):  Connect via LPS8-V2 Fallback IP ====
153 153  
154 154  
155 -[[image:image-20220622100542-2.png||height="369" width="1256"]]
170 +[[image:image-20230107084650-2.png||height="310" width="839"]]
156 156  
157 157  
158 -(((
159 -The LPS8-V2 has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. you have to access the gateway Web-UI to configure the WiFi connection via the fallback IP address.
160 -)))
173 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Steps to connect via fallback IP:**
161 161  
175 +~1. Connect the PC's Ethernet port to LPS8-V2's WAN port
162 162  
177 +2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
163 163  
164 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Steps to connect via fallback IP:**
165 165  
166 -~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LPS8-V2's WAN port
180 +**Settings ~-~-> Network & Internet ~-~-> Ethernet ~-~-> Change advanced sharing options ~-~-> Double-click"Ethernet" ~-~-> Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)**
167 167  
168 -2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has  IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
169 169  
170 -[[image:image-20220622101433-4.png]]
183 +As in the below photo:
171 171  
185 +[[image:image-20230413172038-1.png||height="732" width="1243"]]
172 172  
173 -and then On the PC, use the IP address **http:~/~/172.31.255.254** to access the LPS8-V2 via Web or Console.
174 174  
188 +Configure computer Ethernet port steps video: **[[attach:fallback ip.mp4||target="_blank"]]**
175 175  
176 -[[image:image-20220622102210-5.png||height="569" width="1039"]]
190 +If you still can't access the LPS8-V2 fallback ip, follow this connection to debug : **[[Trouble Shooting>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H9.2A0FallbackIPdoesnotwork2Chowcanuserscheck]]**
177 177  
178 178  
193 +3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8-V2 via Web or Console.
194 +
195 +[[image:image-20230111094247-2.png||height="619" width="1250"]]
196 +
197 +
198 +
199 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 4**(%%):  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from the router ====
200 +
201 +[[image:image-20220622100542-2.png||height="369" width="1256"]]
202 +
203 +
179 179  Fill in the WiFi information by checking the box and clicking (% style="color:red" %)**Save&Apply**
180 180  
181 181  
... ... @@ -189,30 +189,125 @@
189 189  [[image:image-20220622102847-7.png]]
190 190  
191 191  
192 -[[image:image-20220622102901-8.png||height="513" width="1011"]]
217 +[[image:image-20220622102901-8.png||height="476" width="938"]]
193 193  
194 194  
220 +=== 2.1.2 Access Configure Web UI ===
195 195  
196 -== **2.2 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network** ==
197 197  
223 +**Web Interface**
198 198  
199 -=== **2.2.1 Select your area frequency** ===
225 +Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8-V2 ip address (depends on your connect method)
200 200  
201 201  
228 +[[(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//http:~~/~~/IP_ADDRESS //**>>http://IP_ADDRESS]](%%) or (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**[[http:~~/~~/172.31.255.254>>http://172.31.255.254(]]**//(Fallback IP)
229 +
230 +You will see the login interface of LPS8-V2 as shown below.
231 +
232 +The account details for Web Login are:
233 +
234 +(% style="color:blue" %)**User Name: root**
235 +
236 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Password:   dragino**
237 +
238 +[[image:image-20230106153501-1.png||height="367" width="894"]]
239 +
240 +
241 +== 2.2  Typical Network Setup ==
242 +
243 +=== 2.2.1  Overview ===
244 +
245 +
246 +LPS8-V2 supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the typical network topology can be set in LPS8-V2. The typical network set up includes:
247 +
248 +* **WAN Port Internet Mode**
249 +
250 +* **WiFi Client Mode**
251 +
252 +* **Cellular Mode**
253 +
254 +=== 2.2.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ===
255 +
256 +
257 +By default, the LPS8-V2 is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8-V2's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8-V2 will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:blue" %)**home page**(%%):
258 +
259 +
260 +[[image:image-20230411100633-2.png||height="501" width="935"]]
261 +
262 +
263 +=== 2.2.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ===
264 +
265 +
266 +In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8-V2 acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
267 +
268 +The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:blue" %)**Network ~-~-> Wi-Fi**
269 +
270 +[[image:image-20230411095739-1.png||height="264" width="691"]]
271 +
272 +In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click(% style="color:blue" %)** Save & Apply**(%%) to connect.
273 +
274 +
275 +=== 2.2.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ===
276 +
277 +
278 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Since Hardware version HP0C 1.4**
279 +
280 +Users can see whether LPS8v2 has EC25 on the label of the gateway to determine whether there is 3G/4G Cellular modem.
281 +
282 +
283 +If the LPS8-V2 has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
284 +
285 +First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
286 +
287 +Second, Power off/ ON LPS8-V2 to let it detect the SIM card.
288 +
289 +
290 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1657090855037-497.png?rev=1.1||alt="1657090855037-497.png"]]
291 +
292 +
293 +The set up page is (% style="color:blue" %)**Network ~-~-> Cellular**
294 +
295 +While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
296 +
297 +
298 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1657090932270-444.png?rev=1.1||alt="1657090932270-444.png"]]
299 +
300 +
301 +=== 2.2.5  Check Internet connection ===
302 +
303 +
304 +In the **home** page, we can check the Internet connection.
305 +
306 +* GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436675869-206.png?width=15&height=14&rev=1.1||alt="1652436675869-206.png"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
307 +* Yellow  Tick  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436705761-420.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="1652436705761-420.png"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
308 +* RED Cross  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436787176-950.png?width=15&height=14&rev=1.1||alt="1652436787176-950.png"]] : This interface doesn't connected or no internet.
309 +
310 +[[image:image-20230411101534-3.png||height="544" width="942"]]
311 +
312 +
313 +== 2.3 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network ==
314 +
315 +=== 2.3.1 Select your area frequency ===
316 +
317 +
318 +(((
202 202  First, you need to set the frequency plan in LPS8-V2 to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
203 203  
204 -[[image:image-20220622103332-9.png]]
321 +
322 +)))
205 205  
324 +[[image:image-20220622103332-9.png||height="485" width="938"]]
206 206  
207 207  
208 -=== **2.2.2 Get the only gateway EUI** ===
327 +=== 2.3.2 Get the only gateway EUI ===
209 209  
210 210  
211 211  Every LPS8-V2 has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found on LoRaWAN Semtech page:
212 212  
213 -[[image:image-20220622103355-10.png]]
214 214  
333 +[[image:image-20220622103355-10.png||height="698" width="949"]]
215 215  
335 +
216 216  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster that corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
217 217  
218 218  
... ... @@ -228,10 +228,9 @@
228 228  [[image:image-20220622103956-12.png]]
229 229  
230 230  
351 +=== 2.3.3 Register the gateway to The Things Network ===
231 231  
232 -== 2.2.3 Register the gateway to The Things Network ==
233 233  
234 -
235 235  **Login to The Things Network**
236 236  
237 237  [[https:~~/~~/console.cloud.thethings.network/>>https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]
... ... @@ -245,191 +245,530 @@
245 245  **Get it online**
246 246  
247 247  
367 += 3. Web Configure Pages =
248 248  
249 -= **3. Web Configure Pages** =
369 +== 3.1 Home ==
250 250  
251 251  
252 -== **3.1 Home** ==
372 +Shows the system running status:
253 253  
374 +[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/WebHome/image-20220622102901-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220622102901-8.png" height="476" width="939"]]
254 254  
255 -//Shows the system running status~://
256 256  
377 +== 3.2 LoRa Settings ==
257 257  
258 -== **3.2 LoRa Settings** ==
379 +=== 3.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
259 259  
260 260  
261 -=== **3.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa** ===
382 +This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There is a set of default frequency bands according to LoRaWAN protocol, and users can customize the band* as well.
262 262  
384 +Different LPS8v2 hardware versions can support different frequency ranges:
263 263  
264 -//This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There is a set of default frequency bands according to LoRaWAN protocol, and users can customize the band* as well.//
386 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**868**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865, or KZ865.
387 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
265 265  
266 -//Different LPS8v2 hardware versions can support different frequency ranges~://
389 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
390 +After the user choose the frequency plan,  the user can see the actual frequency is used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
267 267  
268 -* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)//**868**//(% style="color:black" %)//: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.//
269 -* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)//**915**//(% style="color:black" %)//: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920//
270 270  
271 271  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
272 -//After the user choose the frequency plan,  the user can see the actual frequency is used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**//
273 -
274 -(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
275 275  [[image:image-20220616110739-1.png||height="372" width="682"]]
276 276  
277 277  
278 278  (((
279 -(% style="color:red" %)//**Note *: See this instruction for how to customize the frequency band: **//(%%)**//__[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band - DRAGINO>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/How%20to%20customized%20LoRaWAN%20frequency%20band/]]__//**
398 +(% style="color:red" %)//**Note *: See this instruction for how to customize the frequency band: **//(%%)**//__[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band - DRAGINO>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]__//**
280 280  )))
281 281  
282 282  
402 +== 3.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
283 283  
284 -== **3.3 LoRaWAN Settings** ==
404 +=== 3.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Semtech UDP ===
285 285  
286 286  
287 -=== **3.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Semtech UDP** ===
407 +This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]], etc.
288 288  
289 289  
290 -//This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]], etc.//
291 -
292 292  [[image:image-20220616111932-2.png||height="516" width="672"]]
293 293  
294 294  
413 +=== 3.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Basic Station ===
295 295  
296 -=== **3.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Basic Station** ===
297 297  
416 +This page is for the connection set up to the TTN Basic Station, AWS-IoT, etc.
298 298  
299 -//This page is for the connection set up to the TTN Basic Station, AWS-IoT, etc.//
300 300  
301 301  [[image:image-20220616113246-3.png||height="396" width="672"]]
302 302  
303 303  
304 -Please see this instruction to know more detail and a demo for how to use of LoRaWAN Basic Station: __[[Use of LoRaWAN Basic Station - DRAGINO>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Use%20of%20LoRaWAN%20Basic%20Station/]]__
422 +(((
423 +Please see this instruction to know more detail and a demo for how to use of LoRaWAN Basic Station: __[[Use of LoRaWAN Basic Station - DRAGINO>>doc:Main.Use of LoRaWAN Basic Station.WebHome]]__
424 +)))
305 305  
306 306  
427 +== 3.4 Network Settings ==
307 307  
308 -== **3.4 Network Settings** ==
429 +=== 3.4.1 Network ~-~-> WiFi ===
309 309  
431 +Users can configure the wifi WAN and enable Wifi Access Point on this interface
310 310  
311 -=== **3.4.1 Network ~-~-> WiFi** ===
433 +[[image:image-20230619095946-1.png||height="332" width="827"]]
312 312  
313 313  
314 -[[image:image-20220616114756-4.png||height="251" width="669"]]
436 +=== 3.4.2 Network ~-~-> System Status ===
315 315  
316 316  
439 +[[image:image-20220820134112-2.png||height="539" width="668"]]
317 317  
318 -=== **3.4.2 Network ~-~-> System Status** ===
319 319  
442 +=== 3.4.3 Network ~-~-> Network ===
320 320  
321 -[[image:image-20220616115229-5.png||height="548" width="665"]]
322 322  
445 +In the **Network ~-~-> Network** interface, Users can set the Ethernet WAN static ip address.
323 323  
447 +[[image:image-20230214093657-2.png||height="333" width="858"]]
324 324  
325 -=== **3.4.3 Network ~-~-> Firewall** ===
326 326  
450 +=== 3.4.4 Network ~-~-> Cellular ===
327 327  
328 -[[image:image-20220616115351-6.png||height="244" width="661"]]
329 329  
453 +In the **Network ~-~-> Cellular** interface, Users can Enable Cellular WAN and configure Celluar.
330 330  
455 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: APN cannot be empty.**
331 331  
332 -== **3.5 System** ==
457 +[[image:image-20230228115126-1.png]]
333 333  
334 334  
335 -=== **3.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview** ===
460 +After the configuration is complete, return to the Home interface and put the mouse on the Cell icon to check the Cellular state.
336 336  
462 +[[image:image-20230228115535-2.png||height="478" width="888"]]
337 337  
464 +
465 +Note: Known bugs: 4g consumes a lot of data which has been fixed by the package: dragino-ui-230716
466 +
467 +[[Reduce data method>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H8.3Howtoreducethe4gdataconsumed]]
468 +
469 +
470 +== 3.5 System ==
471 +
472 +=== 3.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
473 +
474 +
338 338  Shows the system info:
339 339  
477 +[[image:image-20220917144512-5.png||height="618" width="853"]]
340 340  
341 341  
342 -=== **3.5.2 System ~-~-> Backup/Restore** ===
480 +=== 3.5.2 System ~-~-> System General ===
343 343  
344 344  
345 -[[image:image-20220616115808-7.png||height="194" width="649"]]
483 +In the **System-> System General** interface, Users can customize the configuration System Password and set Timezone.
346 346  
485 +In addition, Users can customize the FallBack IP address.
347 347  
487 +[[image:image-20230214094058-3.png]]
348 348  
349 -= **4. Build-in LoRaWAN Network  Server ~-~- The Things Network - Stack (TTN-V3)** =
350 350  
490 +=== 3.5.3 System ~-~-> Backup/Restore ===
351 351  
352 -The default factory version of LPS8-V2 is installed with the Built-in LoRaWAN Server: (% style="color:blue" %)**The Things Network - Stack (Open Source 3.19 Version).**
353 353  
354 -You can access the gateway's built-in LNS server of **The Things Network - Stack **via the URL( (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address> //**__(%%)) in your browser.
493 +[[image:image-20220917144725-6.png||height="208" width="869"]]
355 355  
356 356  
496 +=== 3.5.4 System ~-~-> Remoteit ===
497 +
498 +
499 +In the **System-> Remoteit** interface, users can configure the gateway to be accessed remotely via Remote.it.
500 +
501 +
502 +the users can refer to this link to configure them: **[[Monitor & Remote Access Gateway>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access#H2.1A0RemoteAccessviaRemote.it.]]**
503 +
504 +[[image:image-20221230092303-2.png]]
505 +
506 +
507 +=== 3.5.5 System ~-~-> Package Management ===
508 +
509 +
510 +In the **System ~-~-> Package Management** interface, Users can check the current version of Core Packages.
511 +
512 +[[image:image-20230214094316-4.png]]
513 +
514 +
515 += 4. Build-in Server =
516 +
517 +
518 +Since software version 0606,the default factory version of LPS8-V2 is installed with the built-in Applicant server: (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red**(%%), LoRaWAN Server: (% style="color:blue" %)**ChirpStack**(%%).
519 +
520 +[[image:image-20230616175617-8.png||height="390" width="894"]]
521 +
522 +[[image:image-20230616175558-7.png||height="362" width="894"]]
523 +
524 +
525 +
526 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
527 +
528 + **Path**: Server ~-~-> Network Server
529 +
530 + Server ~-~-> Application Server
531 +
532 +
533 +**Troubleshooting:**
534 +
535 +
536 +**~ 1. URL does not jump properly**
537 +
538 + For the ChirpStack, you can use the local IP address and the port is **8080** to access it.
539 +
540 + For the Node-Red, you can use the local IP address and the port is **1880** to access it.
541 +
542 +
543 +== 4.1 LoRaWAN Network  Server ~-~- ChirpStack ==
544 +
545 +
546 +You can access the gateway's built-in LNS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**ChirpStack **(%%)via the URL( (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address> //**__(%%)) in your browser.
547 +
357 357  Such as  (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:8080  or http:~/~/<Local-IPV4-Address>//**__
358 358  
359 359  
360 360  Login account:
361 361  
362 -**User ID: ** ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)admin(%%)**
553 +**Username : ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**admin**
363 363  
364 -**Password: ** ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino(%%)**
555 +**Password: ** ** (% style="background-color:#ffff00" %)admin(%%)**
365 365  
557 +[[image:image-20230616175332-6.png||height="519" width="1029"]]
366 366  
367 -[[image:image-20220725171719-1.png||height="570" width="769"]]
368 368  
369 369  
370 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note:  A portion of the sample devices that were not installed with Node-Red.
371 - You can complete the installation manually with the following command.**
561 +=== 4.1.1 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to Built-in ChirpStack ===
372 372  
373 373  
564 +Users need to set the Service Provider to (% style="color:blue" %)**Local Host/Build-in Server **(%%) and click "Save&Apply"
565 +
566 +The registration steps are basically similar to [[LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network>>||anchor="H2.3TheLPS8-V2isregisteredandconnectedtoTheThingsNetwork"]]
567 +
568 +[[image:image-20230321092456-1.png]]
569 +
570 +
571 +
572 +== 4.2 Application Server ~-~- Node-Red ==
573 +
574 +
575 +You can access the gateway's built-in AS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red **(%%)via the URL((% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:1880 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address>//**__(%%)) in your browser.
576 +
577 +
578 +Such as (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:1880  or http:~/~/<Local-IPV4-Address>//**__
579 +
580 +
581 +[[image:image-20220725172124-3.png||height="610" width="843"]]
582 +
583 +
584 +
585 +=== **Using Node-Red, InfluxDB and Grafana** ===
586 +
587 +The LPS8-V2 supports this combination, the default, Node-red is pre-installed but the InfluxDB and Grafana is not pre-installed.
588 +
589 +
590 +the users can refer to this link to install them.
591 +
592 +[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.6HowtoinstallGrafanaandinfluxdb>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.6HowtoinstallGrafanaandinfluxdb]]
593 +
594 +
595 +=== **Upgrade the node.js** ===
596 +
597 +By default, the LPS8-V2 node.js uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
598 +
599 +
600 +the users can refer to this link to upgrade them.
601 +
602 +[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.5Howtoupgradethenodejsversiontothelatest.>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.5Howtoupgradethenodejsversiontothelatest.]]
603 +
604 +
605 +== 4.3 How to disable the built-in server ==
606 +
607 +
608 +Use the following commands to start and stop the TTNv3 service:
609 +
374 374  (% class="box infomessage" %)
375 375  (((
376 -(% class="mark" %)cd /tmp && wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/ttnstack/autoinstall_ttn-stack.sh
612 +**# start**
613 +systemctl start ttnstack
377 377  
378 -(% style="background-color:#fcf8e3" %)chmod +x /tmp/autoinstall_ttn-stack.sh && /tmp/autoinstall_ttn-stack.sh ttn-stack
615 +**# stop**
616 +systemctl stop ttnstack
617 +
618 +**# enable**
619 +systemctl enable ttnstack
620 +
621 +**#disable**
622 +systemctl disable ttnstack
379 379  )))
380 380  
625 +Use the following commands to start and stop the Node-Red service:
381 381  
627 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
628 +(((
629 +**# start**
630 +systemctl start nodered
382 382  
383 -= **5. Build-in Application Server ~-~- Node-Red** =
632 +**# stop**
633 +systemctl stop nodered
384 384  
635 +**# enable**
636 +systemctl enable nodered
385 385  
386 -The default factory version of LPS8-V2 is installed with the built-in Applicant server: (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red.**
638 +**#disable**
639 +systemctl disable nodered
640 +)))
387 387  
388 -You can access the gateway's built-in AS server of **Node-Red **via the URL((% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address>//**__(%%)) in your browser.
389 389  
643 +== 4.4 How to use ChirpStack on LPS8-V2 ==
390 390  
391 -Such as (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:8080  or [[http:~~/~~/<Local-IPV4-Address~>>>http://<Local-IPV4-Address>]]//**__
392 392  
646 +By default, the built-in LoRaWAN network server used on LPS8v2 is TTNv3, so users need follow this link to install chirpstack:
393 393  
394 -[[image:image-20220725172124-3.png||height="610" width="843"]]
648 +**[[Build-in The Things Network migrate to ChirpStack>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H9.2Build-inTheThingsNetworkmigratetoChirpStack]]**
395 395  
396 396  
397 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note:  A portion of the sample devices that were not installed with Node-Red.
398 - You can complete the installation manually with the following command.**
651 +=== 4.4.1 How do users choose the chirpstack server frequency SubBand ===
399 399  
400 400  
654 +On the **Server ~-~-> Network Server** interface, choose the frequency Plan first.
401 401  
656 +If the frequency Plan used is CN470, US915, AU915, or AS923, the user needs to choose a frequency sub-band, because the frequency Sub Band of ChirpStack starts from 0, so for example, us915_1 corresponds to the actual frequency US915_2.
657 +
658 +[[image:image-20230602140406-3.png||height="480" width="918"]]
659 +
660 +
661 +When the configuration is complete, click** "Save&Apply"**.
662 +
663 +
664 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**(%%) When adding device profile, the selected Region configuration is also calculated from 0, so setting it to us915_1 corresponds to US915 Sub Band 2.
665 +
666 +[[image:image-20230602143122-4.png||height="511" width="983"]]
667 +
668 +
669 += 5. How the LPS8-V2 connects to Chirpstack via gateway-bridge =
670 +
671 +
672 +
673 += 6. How users can access LPS8-V2 using serial USB =
674 +
675 +
676 +(% style="color:blue" %)**USB TTL to LPS8-V2  Connection:**
677 +
678 +Port 1 of the UART on the LPS8-V2 is GND
679 +
402 402  (% class="box infomessage" %)
403 403  (((
404 -(% class="mark" %)cd /tmp && wget  http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/nodered/autoinstall_nodered.sh
405 -chmod +x /tmp/autoinstall_nodered.sh && /tmp/autoinstall_nodered.sh node-red
682 +**TXD  <~-~--> UART RXD (Gray line)**
683 +
684 +**RXD  <~-~--> UART TXD (White line)**
685 +
686 +**GND <~-~--> GND (Black line)**
406 406  )))
407 407  
408 -[[image:image-20220728102000-1.png]]
689 +**LPS8v2 UART connection photo**
409 409  
691 +[[image:image-20230421094319-2.png||height="351" width="392"]]
410 410  
693 +In the PC,you can use the serial port tool(such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows), you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:blue" %)**115200**(%%) to access the serial console for LPS8v2. LPS8v2 will output system info once power on as below:
411 411  
412 -(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)**10. Supports**
413 413  
696 +[[image:image-20220804164928-3.png||height="320" width="332"]]
414 414  
698 +
699 +[[image:image-20220804164747-2.png||height="622" width="594"]]
700 +
701 +
702 += 7. OTA System Update =
703 +
704 +
705 +LPS8v2 supports system auto-update via OTA, please see **[[this URL>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/OTA%20Update/]]** for the detail of this feature.
706 +
707 +
708 +== 7.1 Auto-update method ==
709 +
710 +
711 +The default, each gateway will enable the auto-update function.
712 +
713 +this function will be triggered every boot and every midnight.
714 +
715 +
716 +Users can enable/disable it via Web Page
717 +
718 +[[image:image-20230607094447-2.png]]
719 +
720 +
721 +== 7.2 Manual upgrade method ==
722 +
723 +
724 +1). Using the Linux command to upgrade the system
725 +
726 +
727 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
415 415  (((
416 -**//If you are experiencing issues and can't solve them, you can send mail to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]].//**
729 +**apt update && apt install *dragino***
417 417  )))
418 418  
732 +
733 +2). Upgrade the system via the Web page button of "Manual Update"
734 +
735 +
736 +**Note: this method needs about 10 mins, so you will get the log after 10 mins.  **
737 +
738 +[[image:image-20230607093849-1.png]]
739 +
740 +
741 +
742 += 8. FAQ =
743 +
744 +== 8.1 How to change Hostname ==
745 +
746 +
747 +By default, Hostname is dragino-xxxxxx,If the user needs to change the hostname, the user needs to access the linux console of LPS8v2 and enter the following command:
748 +
749 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
419 419  (((
420 -**//With your question as detailed as possible. We will reply and help you in the shortest.//**
751 +hostnamectl set-hostname dragino-123456
752 +)))
421 421  
754 +[[image:image-20230517102429-1.png]]
422 422  
756 +After the configuration is complete, run "reboot" to restart the gateway.
423 423  
424 -= **11 Reference** =
425 425  
759 +== 8.2 Build-in The Things Network migrate to ChirpStack ==
426 426  
761 +
762 +Migrate guide:
763 +
764 +**1. Ensure that the gateway is in good network condition, Recommended use of ETH.**
765 +
766 +**2. On the Server ~-~-> Network Server interface, click "Management"**
767 +
768 +[[image:image-20230616162454-1.png]]
769 +
770 +
771 +**3. Click "Migrate-Chirpstack"**
772 +
773 +[[image:image-20230616162742-2.png]]
774 +
775 +
776 +**4. Strat Install **
777 +
778 +
779 +Click start Install and wait until the migration succeeds
780 +
781 +[[image:image-20230616162934-3.png]]
782 +
783 +
784 +**5.Migration complete check result**
785 +
786 +[[image:image-20230616174526-4.png||height="706" width="983"]]
787 +
788 +
789 +[[image:image-20230616180004-9.png]]
790 +
791 +
792 +== 8.3 How to reduce the 4g data consumed ==
793 +
794 +1). The gateway will check the network via ping 1.1.1.1/8.8.8.8 which will consume a lot of data, you can set the interval time to reduce data consume.
795 +
796 +
797 +[[image:image-20230719100239-1.png||height="724" width="994"]]
798 +
799 +
800 +2. Change the LoRa status package interval time: It does not affect the connection between the gateway and the server, just the status packet interval
801 +
802 +[[image:image-20230719100332-2.png]]
803 +
804 +3. Disable the auto-update:
805 +
806 +[[image:image-20230719100419-3.png||height="458" width="995"]]
807 +
808 +
809 +
810 +
811 += 9. Trouble Shooting =
812 +
813 +== 9.1  I can't log in to the built-in Server TTN Stack which shows '**Login failed**'. ==
814 +
815 +
816 +[[image:image-20220920135918-1.png]]
817 +
818 +
819 +This is caused by the inconsistency between the built-in TTN-Stack domain configuration and your login URL.
820 +
821 +By default, ttn-stack uses the gateway's domain name for URL resolution, but in some networks, they prefer to resolve IP-v4 addresses.
822 +
823 +
824 +So you can change the domain name of the TTN-Stack configuration to the IPv4 address.
825 +
826 +**Click the update URL button to configure the URL with the current eth port address.**
827 +
828 +[[image:image-20220920141936-2.png]]
829 +
830 +
831 +== 9.2  The built-in TTN status is "Not Running" and the URI is "dragino-123456". How users fix this problem ==
832 +
833 +
834 +When this problem occurs, click "**Update To DEFAULT**" ,this problem will be fixed.
835 +
836 +[[image:image-20230508171607-1.png]]
837 +
838 +
839 +== 9.3  Fallback IP does not work, how can users check ==
840 +
841 +
842 +When the computer has completed the above fallback IP configuration,the LPS8v2 Web UI is still not accessible via fallback IP.
843 +
844 +
845 +**1.Check whether the configuration is correct**
846 +
847 +Run the CMD command to ipconfig and ping 172.31.255.254.
848 +
849 +If this fails, the user needs to reconfigure.
850 +
851 +[[image:image-20230413170224-3.png||height="433" width="707"]]
852 +
853 +[[image:image-20230413170246-4.png]]
854 +
855 +
856 +**2. Check whether the firewall is disabled**
857 +
858 +If the firewall is not down, this will affect access to the gateway.
859 +
860 +
861 +== 9.4  Click "Manual_Update", why there is no response? ==
862 +
863 +
864 +When you click "Manual_Update", the gateway will finish updating within 10 minutes and display the update log.
865 +
866 +
867 +[[image:image-20230527090555-3.png||height="660" width="832"]]
868 +
869 +
870 += (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)10. Supports(%%) =
871 +
872 +
873 +(((
874 +If you are experiencing issues and can't solve them, you can send mail to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]].
875 +)))
876 +
877 +(((
878 +With your question as detailed as possible. We will reply and help you in the shortest.
879 +
880 +
881 += 11. Reference =
882 +
883 +
427 427  * Install Tago Core: Refer **Install Tago Core in LPS8v2** in[[ Instruction>>doc:Main.Tago\.IO.WebHome]].
885 +* [[Advance OS Reference Guide for LPS8v2>>doc:Main.Armbian OS instruction.WebHome]].
428 428  
429 429  
430 430  )))
431 431  
432 -= **12. Order Info** =
890 += 12. Order Info =
433 433  
434 434  
435 435  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**LPS8v2-XXX-YYY**
... ... @@ -437,27 +437,33 @@
437 437  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**XXX**(% style="color:black" %): Frequency Band
438 438  
439 439  * (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
898 +
440 440  * (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
900 +
441 441  * (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
902 +
442 442  * (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
904 +
443 443  * (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
906 +
444 444  * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
445 445  
446 -
447 447  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**YYY**(% style="color:black" %): 4G Cellular Option
448 448  
449 -* (% style="color:red" %)**E**(%%):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
450 -* (% style="color:red" %)**A**(%%):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
451 -* (% style="color:red" %)**AU**(%%): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
452 -* (% style="color:red" %)**J**(%%):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
911 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India
453 453  
454 -More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
913 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-AFX**(% style="color:black" %): America:Verizon, AT&T(FirstNet), U.S.Cellular; Canada:Telus
455 455  
915 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-AUX**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
456 456  
917 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO, SoftBank, KDDI
457 457  
458 -= **13. Manufacturer Info** =
919 +More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
459 459  
460 460  
922 += 13. Manufacturer Info =
923 +
924 +
461 461  **Shenzhen Dragino Technology Development co. LTD**
462 462  
463 463  Room 202, Block B, BCT Incubation Bases (BaoChengTai),  No.8 CaiYunRoad
... ... @@ -465,23 +465,38 @@
465 465  LongCheng Street, LongGang District ; Shenzhen 518116,China
466 466  
467 467  
932 += 14. FCC Warning =
468 468  
469 -= **14. FCC Warning** =
470 470  
471 -
935 +(((
472 472  This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
937 +)))
473 473  
939 +(((
474 474  ~-~- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
941 +)))
475 475  
943 +(((
476 476  ~-~- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
945 +)))
477 477  
947 +(((
478 478  ~-~- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
949 +)))
479 479  
951 +(((
480 480  ~-~- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
953 +)))
481 481  
482 482  
956 +(((
483 483  Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
958 +)))
484 484  
485 485  
961 +(((
486 486  The antenna(s) used for this transmitter must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
963 +
964 +
487 487  )))
966 +)))
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