Last modified by Kilight Cao on 2024/12/31 16:31
<
From version < 238.1 >
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2023/07/31 11:24
To version < 116.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2022/11/21 11:30
>
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Summary

Details

Page properties
Author
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1 -XWiki.Kilight
1 +XWiki.Xiaoye
Content
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16 16  
17 17  
18 18  
19 -= 1. Introduction =
19 += **1. Introduction** =
20 20  
21 -== 1.1 What is LPS8v2 ==
22 22  
22 +== **1.1 What is LPS8v2** ==
23 23  
24 +
24 24  (((
25 25  (((
26 -The LPS8v2 is an (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source LoRaWAN Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via (% style="color:blue" %)**WiFi , Ethernet or Cellular Network**(%%) (via Optional 4G module). The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data rates.
27 +The LPS8v2 is an (% style="color:green" %)**open-source LoRaWAN Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via (% style="color:green" %)**WiFi , Ethernet or Cellular Network**(%%) (via Optional 4G module). The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data rates.
27 27  )))
28 28  
29 29  (((
30 -The LPS8v2 is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It supports different kinds of LoRaWAN Network Connections such as: (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder, LoRaWAN Basic Station, ChirpStack MQTT Bridge**(%%), and so on. This makes LPS8V2 work with most LoRaWAN platforms in the market.
31 +The LPS8v2 is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It supports different kinds of LoRaWAN Network Connections such as: (% style="color:green" %)**Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder, LoRaWAN Basic Station, ChirpStack MQTT Bridge**(%%), and so on. This makes LPS8V2 work with most LoRaWAN platforms in the market.
31 31  )))
32 32  
33 33  (((
34 -LPS8v2 also includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**built-in LoRaWAN Server and IoT server**(%%), which provide the possibility for the system integrator to deploy the IoT service without cloud service or 3rd servers.
35 +LPS8v2 also includes a (% style="color:green" %)**built-in LoRaWAN Server and IoT server**(%%), which provide the possibility for the system integrator to deploy the IoT service without cloud service or 3rd servers.
35 35  )))
36 36  
37 37  (((
... ... @@ -39,13 +39,14 @@
39 39  )))
40 40  
41 41  (((
42 -LPS8v2 supports (% style="color:blue" %)**remote management**(%%). System Integrator can easy to remote monitor the gateway and maintain it.
43 +LPS8v2 supports (% style="color:green" %)**remote management**(%%). System Integrator can easy to remote monitor the gateway and maintain it.
43 43  )))
44 44  
45 45  
46 -== 1.2 Specifications ==
47 47  
48 +== **1.2 Specifications** ==
48 48  
50 +
49 49  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
50 50  
51 51  * CPU: Quad-core Cortex-A7 1.2Ghz
... ... @@ -57,16 +57,14 @@
57 57  * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
58 58  * Multi-Channel LoRaWAN Wireless
59 59  * WiFi 802.11 b/g/n
60 -* Sensitivity: -140dBm
61 -* Max Output Power: 27dBm
62 62  
63 63  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Operating Condition:**
64 64  
65 -* Work Temperature: -20 ~~ 70°C
66 -* Storage Temperature: -20 ~~ 70°C
65 +* Work Temperature: -20 ~~ 65°C
66 +* Storage Temperature: -20 ~~ 65°C
67 67  * Power Input: 5V, 2A, DC
68 68  
69 -== 1.3 Features ==
69 +== **1.3 Features** ==
70 70  
71 71  
72 72  * Open Source Debian system
... ... @@ -81,83 +81,72 @@
81 81  ** Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder
82 82  ** LoRaWAN Basic Station
83 83  ** ChirpStack-Gateway-Bridge (MQTT)
84 -* Built-in (% style="color:#037691" %)**The Things Network**(%%) local LoRaWAN server
85 -* Built-in  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Node-Red** (%%)local Application server
84 +* Built-in (% style="color:#037691" %)//**The Things Network**//(%%) local LoRaWAN server
85 +* Built-in  (% style="color:#037691" %)//**Node-Red**// (%%)local Application server
86 86  
87 -== 1.4 LED Indicators ==
87 +== **1.4 Block Diagram** ==
88 88  
89 89  
90 +
91 +== **1.5 LED Indicators** ==
92 +
93 +
90 90  LPS8-V2 has totally four LEDs, They are:
91 91  
92 92  
93 -(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Power LED**(%%): This RED LED will be solid if the device is properly powered
97 +(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ Power LED**//(%%)//: This RED LED will be solid if the device is properly powered//
94 94  
95 -(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ ETH LED**(%%):  This RGB LED will blink GREEN when the ETH port is connecting
99 +(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ ETH LED**//(%%)//:  This RGB LED will blink GREEN when the ETH port is connecting//
96 96  
97 -(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ SYS LED**(%%):  This RGB LED will show different colors in different states:
101 +(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ SYS LED**//(%%)//:  This RGB LED will show different colors in different states~://
98 98  
99 - ✓ **SOLID GREEN:** The device is alive with a LoRaWAN server connection.
103 +// ✓ **SOLID GREEN:** The device is alive with a LoRaWAN server connection.//
100 100  
101 - ✓ **BLINKING GREEN:** a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will BLINKING GREEN for several seconds and then with BLINKING GREEN together
105 +// ✓ **BLINKING GREEN:** a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will BLINKING GREEN for several seconds and then with BLINKING GREEN together//
102 102  
103 - ✓** SOLID RED:** Device doesn't have an Internet connection.
107 +// ✓** SOLID RED:** Device doesn't have an Internet connection.//
104 104  
105 -(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ WIFI LED**(%%): This LED shows the WIFI interface connection status.
109 +(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ WIFI LED**//(%%)//: This LED shows the WIFI interface connection status.//
106 106  
107 107  
108 -== 1.5 Button Intruction ==
109 109  
113 +== **1.6 Button Intruction** ==
110 110  
115 +
111 111  LPS8-V2 has a black toggle button, which is:
112 112  
113 113  
114 114  (% style="color:blue" %)**//➢ //Long press 4-5s  : **(%%)the gateway will reload the Network and Initialize wifi configuration
115 115  
116 - // // **LED status: ** ETH LED will BLINKIND BULE Until the reload is finished.
121 + // **LED status: ** ETH LED will BLINKIND BULE Until the reload is finished.//
117 117  
118 118  
119 -(% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Long press more than 10s:**(%%)**    **the gateway will restore the factory settings.
124 +(% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ **//**Long press more than 10s:**(%%)**    **//the gateway will restore the factory settings.//
120 120  
121 - **LED status: ** ETH LED will SOLID BULE Until the restore is finished.
126 + //**LED status: ** ETH LED will SOLID BULE Until the restore is finished.//
122 122  
123 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note**: Restoring factory Settings does not erase data from the built-in server
124 124  
125 -See this link for steps on how to clear data from the built-in server:
126 126  
130 += **2. Quick Start** =
127 127  
128 -= 2. Quick Start =
129 129  
130 -
131 131  The LPS8-V2 supports network access via Ethernet or Wi-Fi connection and runs without a network.
132 132  
133 133  In most cases, the first thing you need to do is make the lps8-v2 accessible to the network.
134 134  
135 135  
136 -== 2.1 Access and Configure LPS8-V2 ==
137 137  
138 -=== 2.1.1 Find IP address of LPS8-V2 ===
139 +== **2.1 Connects to the network and accesses the gateway Web UI** ==
139 139  
140 140  
141 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 1**(%%):  Connect via LPS8-V2 WiFi ====
142 +== **2.1.1 connect the network.** ==
142 142  
143 143  
144 -Since software version **230524**,At the first boot of LPS8-V2, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(%%)with password:
145 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 1**(%%):  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from the router ===
145 145  
146 -(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**dragino+dragino**
147 147  
148 -User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LPS8-V2 has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)**10.130.1.1**
149 -
150 -[[image:image-20230527084515-1.png]]
151 -
152 -[[image:image-20230527085250-2.png||height="495" width="284"]]
153 -
154 -
155 -
156 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 2**(%%):  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from the router ====
157 -
158 -
159 159  (((
160 -Connect the LPS8-V2 Ethernet port to your router and LPS8-V2 can obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8-V2.
149 +Connect the LPS8-V2 Ethernet port to your router and LPS8 can obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8-V2.
161 161  )))
162 162  
163 163  (((
... ... @@ -168,40 +168,9 @@
168 168  
169 169  
170 170  
171 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 3**(%%):  Connect via LPS8-V2 Fallback IP ====
160 +=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 2**(%%):  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from the router ===
172 172  
173 173  
174 -[[image:image-20230107084650-2.png||height="310" width="839"]]
175 -
176 -
177 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Steps to connect via fallback IP:**
178 -
179 -~1. Connect the PC's Ethernet port to LPS8-V2's WAN port
180 -
181 -2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
182 -
183 -
184 -**Settings ~-~-> Network & Internet ~-~-> Ethernet ~-~-> Change advanced sharing options ~-~-> Double-click"Ethernet" ~-~-> Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)**
185 -
186 -
187 -As in the below photo:
188 -
189 -[[image:image-20230413172038-1.png||height="732" width="1243"]]
190 -
191 -
192 -Configure computer Ethernet port steps video: **[[attach:fallback ip.mp4||target="_blank"]]**
193 -
194 -If you still can't access the LPS8-V2 fallback ip, follow this connection to debug : **[[Trouble Shooting>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H9.2A0FallbackIPdoesnotwork2Chowcanuserscheck]]**
195 -
196 -
197 -3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8-V2 via Web or Console.
198 -
199 -[[image:image-20230111094247-2.png||height="619" width="1250"]]
200 -
201 -
202 -
203 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 4**(%%):  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from the router ====
204 -
205 205  [[image:image-20220622100542-2.png||height="369" width="1256"]]
206 206  
207 207  
... ... @@ -221,104 +221,13 @@
221 221  [[image:image-20220622102901-8.png||height="476" width="938"]]
222 222  
223 223  
224 -=== 2.1.2 Access Configure Web UI ===
225 225  
183 +== **2.2 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network** ==
226 226  
227 -**Web Interface**
228 228  
229 -Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8-V2 ip address (depends on your connect method)
186 +=== **2.2.1 Select your area frequency** ===
230 230  
231 231  
232 -[[(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//http:~~/~~/IP_ADDRESS //**>>http://IP_ADDRESS]](%%) or (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**[[http:~~/~~/172.31.255.254>>http://172.31.255.254(]]**//(Fallback IP)
233 -
234 -You will see the login interface of LPS8-V2 as shown below.
235 -
236 -The account details for Web Login are:
237 -
238 -(% style="color:blue" %)**User Name: root**
239 -
240 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Password:   dragino**
241 -
242 -[[image:image-20230106153501-1.png||height="367" width="894"]]
243 -
244 -
245 -== 2.2  Typical Network Setup ==
246 -
247 -=== 2.2.1  Overview ===
248 -
249 -
250 -LPS8-V2 supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the typical network topology can be set in LPS8-V2. The typical network set up includes:
251 -
252 -* **WAN Port Internet Mode**
253 -
254 -* **WiFi Client Mode**
255 -
256 -* **Cellular Mode**
257 -
258 -=== 2.2.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ===
259 -
260 -
261 -By default, the LPS8-V2 is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8-V2's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8-V2 will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:blue" %)**home page**(%%):
262 -
263 -
264 -[[image:image-20230411100633-2.png||height="501" width="935"]]
265 -
266 -
267 -=== 2.2.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ===
268 -
269 -
270 -In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8-V2 acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
271 -
272 -The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:blue" %)**Network ~-~-> Wi-Fi**
273 -
274 -[[image:image-20230411095739-1.png||height="264" width="691"]]
275 -
276 -In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click(% style="color:blue" %)** Save & Apply**(%%) to connect.
277 -
278 -
279 -=== 2.2.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ===
280 -
281 -
282 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Since Hardware version HP0C 1.4**
283 -
284 -Users can see whether LPS8v2 has EC25 on the label of the gateway to determine whether there is 3G/4G Cellular modem.
285 -
286 -
287 -If the LPS8-V2 has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
288 -
289 -First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
290 -
291 -Second, Power off/ ON LPS8-V2 to let it detect the SIM card.
292 -
293 -
294 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1657090855037-497.png?rev=1.1||alt="1657090855037-497.png"]]
295 -
296 -
297 -The set up page is (% style="color:blue" %)**Network ~-~-> Cellular**
298 -
299 -While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
300 -
301 -
302 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1657090932270-444.png?rev=1.1||alt="1657090932270-444.png"]]
303 -
304 -
305 -=== 2.2.5  Check Internet connection ===
306 -
307 -
308 -In the **home** page, we can check the Internet connection.
309 -
310 -* GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436675869-206.png?width=15&height=14&rev=1.1||alt="1652436675869-206.png"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
311 -* Yellow  Tick  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436705761-420.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="1652436705761-420.png"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
312 -* RED Cross  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1652436787176-950.png?width=15&height=14&rev=1.1||alt="1652436787176-950.png"]] : This interface doesn't connected or no internet.
313 -
314 -[[image:image-20230411101534-3.png||height="544" width="942"]]
315 -
316 -
317 -== 2.3 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network ==
318 -
319 -=== 2.3.1 Select your area frequency ===
320 -
321 -
322 322  (((
323 323  First, you need to set the frequency plan in LPS8-V2 to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
324 324  
... ... @@ -328,9 +328,10 @@
328 328  [[image:image-20220622103332-9.png||height="485" width="938"]]
329 329  
330 330  
331 -=== 2.3.2 Get the only gateway EUI ===
332 332  
199 +=== **2.2.2 Get the only gateway EUI** ===
333 333  
201 +
334 334  Every LPS8-V2 has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found on LoRaWAN Semtech page:
335 335  
336 336  
... ... @@ -352,9 +352,10 @@
352 352  [[image:image-20220622103956-12.png]]
353 353  
354 354  
355 -=== 2.3.3 Register the gateway to The Things Network ===
356 356  
224 +== **2.2.3 Register the gateway to The Things Network** ==
357 357  
226 +
358 358  **Login to The Things Network**
359 359  
360 360  [[https:~~/~~/console.cloud.thethings.network/>>https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]
... ... @@ -368,30 +368,34 @@
368 368  **Get it online**
369 369  
370 370  
371 -= 3. Web Configure Pages =
372 372  
373 -== 3.1 Home ==
241 += **3. Web Configure Pages** =
374 374  
375 375  
376 -Shows the system running status:
244 +== **3.1 Home** ==
377 377  
246 +
247 +//Shows the system running status~://
248 +
378 378  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/WebHome/image-20220622102901-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220622102901-8.png" height="476" width="939"]]
379 379  
380 380  
381 -== 3.2 LoRa Settings ==
382 382  
383 -=== 3.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
253 +== **3.2 LoRa Settings** ==
384 384  
385 385  
386 -This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There is a set of default frequency bands according to LoRaWAN protocol, and users can customize the band* as well.
256 +=== **3.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa** ===
387 387  
388 -Different LPS8v2 hardware versions can support different frequency ranges:
389 389  
390 -* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**868**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865, or KZ865.
391 -* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
259 +//This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There is a set of default frequency bands according to LoRaWAN protocol, and users can customize the band* as well.//
392 392  
261 +//Different LPS8v2 hardware versions can support different frequency ranges~://
262 +
263 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)//**868**//(% style="color:black" %)//: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865, or KZ865.//
264 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)//**915**//(% style="color:black" %)//: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920//
265 +
393 393  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
394 -After the user choose the frequency plan,  the user can see the actual frequency is used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
267 +//After the user choose the frequency plan,  the user can see the actual frequency is used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**//
395 395  
396 396  
397 397  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
... ... @@ -403,23 +403,26 @@
403 403  )))
404 404  
405 405  
406 -== 3.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
407 407  
408 -=== 3.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Semtech UDP ===
280 +== **3.3 LoRaWAN Settings** ==
409 409  
410 410  
411 -This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]], etc.
283 +=== **3.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Semtech UDP** ===
412 412  
413 413  
286 +//This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]], etc.//
287 +
288 +
414 414  [[image:image-20220616111932-2.png||height="516" width="672"]]
415 415  
416 416  
417 -=== 3.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Basic Station ===
418 418  
293 +=== **3.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Basic Station** ===
419 419  
420 -This page is for the connection set up to the TTN Basic Station, AWS-IoT, etc.
421 421  
296 +//This page is for the connection set up to the TTN Basic Station, AWS-IoT, etc.//
422 422  
298 +
423 423  [[image:image-20220616113246-3.png||height="396" width="672"]]
424 424  
425 425  
... ... @@ -428,154 +428,97 @@
428 428  )))
429 429  
430 430  
431 -== 3.4 Network Settings ==
432 432  
433 -=== 3.4.1 Network ~-~-> WiFi ===
308 +== **3.4 Network Settings** ==
434 434  
435 -Users can configure the wifi WAN and enable Wifi Access Point on this interface
436 436  
437 -[[image:image-20230619095946-1.png||height="332" width="827"]]
311 +=== **3.4.1 Network ~-~-> WiFi** ===
438 438  
439 439  
440 -=== 3.4.2 Network ~-~-> System Status ===
314 +[[image:image-20220616114756-4.png||height="251" width="669"]]
441 441  
442 442  
443 -[[image:image-20220820134112-2.png||height="539" width="668"]]
444 444  
318 +=== **3.4.2 Network ~-~-> System Status** ===
445 445  
446 -=== 3.4.3 Network ~-~-> Network ===
447 447  
321 +[[image:image-20220820134112-2.png||height="539" width="668"]]
448 448  
449 -In the **Network ~-~-> Network** interface, Users can set the Ethernet WAN static ip address.
450 450  
451 -[[image:image-20230214093657-2.png||height="333" width="858"]]
452 452  
325 +=== **3.4.3 Network ~-~-> Firewall** ===
453 453  
454 -=== 3.4.4 Network ~-~-> Cellular ===
455 455  
328 +[[image:image-20220616115351-6.png||height="244" width="661"]]
456 456  
457 -In the **Network ~-~-> Cellular** interface, Users can Enable Cellular WAN and configure Celluar.
458 458  
459 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: APN cannot be empty.**
460 460  
461 -[[image:image-20230228115126-1.png]]
332 +== **3.5 System** ==
462 462  
463 463  
464 -After the configuration is complete, return to the Home interface and put the mouse on the Cell icon to check the Cellular state.
335 +=== **3.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview** ===
465 465  
466 -[[image:image-20230228115535-2.png||height="478" width="888"]]
467 467  
468 -
469 -Note: Known bugs: 4g consumes a lot of data which has been fixed by the package: dragino-ui-230716
470 -
471 -[[Reduce data method>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H8.3Howtoreducethe4gdataconsumed]]
472 -
473 -
474 -== 3.5 System ==
475 -
476 -=== 3.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
477 -
478 -
479 479  Shows the system info:
480 480  
481 481  [[image:image-20220917144512-5.png||height="618" width="853"]]
482 482  
483 483  
484 -=== 3.5.2 System ~-~-> System General ===
485 485  
344 +=== **3.5.2 System ~-~-> Backup/Restore** ===
486 486  
487 -In the **System-> System General** interface, Users can customize the configuration System Password and set Timezone.
488 488  
489 -In addition, Users can customize the FallBack IP address.
490 -
491 -[[image:image-20230214094058-3.png]]
492 -
493 -
494 -=== 3.5.3 System ~-~-> Backup/Restore ===
495 -
496 -
497 497  [[image:image-20220917144725-6.png||height="208" width="869"]]
498 498  
499 499  
500 -=== 3.5.4 System ~-~-> Remoteit ===
501 501  
351 += **4. Build-in Server** =
502 502  
503 -In the **System-> Remoteit** interface, users can configure the gateway to be accessed remotely via Remote.it.
504 504  
354 +The default factory version of LPS8-V2 is installed with the built-in Applicant server: (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red, and**(%%) LoRaWAN Server: (% style="color:blue" %)**The Things Network - Stack (Open Source 3.19 Version).**
505 505  
506 -the users can refer to this link to configure them: **[[Monitor & Remote Access Gateway>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access#H2.1A0RemoteAccessviaRemote.it.]]**
507 507  
508 -[[image:image-20221230092303-2.png]]
357 +[[image:image-20220820115644-1.png||height="217" width="778"]]
509 509  
510 510  
511 -=== 3.5.5 System ~-~-> Package Management ===
512 -
513 -
514 -In the **System ~-~-> Package Management** interface, Users can check the current version of Core Packages.
515 -
516 -[[image:image-20230214094316-4.png]]
517 -
518 -
519 -= 4. Build-in Server =
520 -
521 -
522 -Since software version 0606,the default factory version of LPS8-V2 is installed with the built-in Applicant server: (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red**(%%), LoRaWAN Server: (% style="color:blue" %)**ChirpStack**(%%).
523 -
524 -[[image:image-20230616175617-8.png||height="390" width="894"]]
525 -
526 -[[image:image-20230616175558-7.png||height="362" width="894"]]
527 -
528 -
529 -
530 530  (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
531 531  
532 - **Path**: Server ~-~-> Network Server
362 + **Path**: System ~-~-> Built-in Server
533 533  
534 - Server ~-~-> Application Server
535 535  
536 -
537 537  **Troubleshooting:**
538 538  
539 539  
540 540  **~ 1. URL does not jump properly**
541 541  
542 - For the ChirpStack, you can use the local IP address and the port is **8080** to access it.
370 + For the ttn-stack, you can click the update the URL which will update the configuration where change the hostname to the current local IP address as the URL.
543 543  
544 - For the Node-Red, you can use the local IP address and the port is **1880** to access it.
372 + For the Node-Red, you can use the local IP address and the port is 1880 to access it.
545 545  
546 546  
547 -== 4.1 LoRaWAN Network  Server ~-~- ChirpStack ==
548 548  
376 +== **4.1 LoRaWAN Network  Server ~-~- The Things Network - Stack (TTN-V3)** ==
549 549  
550 -You can access the gateway's built-in LNS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**ChirpStack **(%%)via the URL( (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address> //**__(%%)) in your browser.
551 551  
379 +You can access the gateway's built-in LNS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**The Things Network - Stack **(%%)via the URL( (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address> //**__(%%)) in your browser.
380 +
552 552  Such as  (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:8080  or http:~/~/<Local-IPV4-Address>//**__
553 553  
554 554  
555 555  Login account:
556 556  
557 -**Username : ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**admin**
386 +**User ID: ** ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)admin(%%)**
558 558  
559 -**Password: ** ** (% style="background-color:#ffff00" %)admin(%%)**
388 +**Password: ** ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino(%%)**
560 560  
561 -[[image:image-20230616175332-6.png||height="519" width="1029"]]
562 562  
391 +[[image:image-20220725171719-1.png||height="570" width="769"]]
563 563  
564 564  
565 -=== 4.1.1 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to Built-in ChirpStack ===
566 566  
395 +== **4.2 Application Server ~-~- Node-Red** ==
567 567  
568 -Users need to set the Service Provider to (% style="color:blue" %)**Local Host/Build-in Server **(%%) and click "Save&Apply"
569 569  
570 -The registration steps are basically similar to [[LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network>>||anchor="H2.3TheLPS8-V2isregisteredandconnectedtoTheThingsNetwork"]]
571 -
572 -[[image:image-20230321092456-1.png]]
573 -
574 -
575 -
576 -== 4.2 Application Server ~-~- Node-Red ==
577 -
578 -
579 579  You can access the gateway's built-in AS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red **(%%)via the URL((% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:1880 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address>//**__(%%)) in your browser.
580 580  
581 581  
... ... @@ -586,7 +586,7 @@
586 586  
587 587  
588 588  
589 -=== **Using Node-Red, InfluxDB and Grafana** ===
408 +=== **Using Node-Red, InfluxDB and Grafana,** ===
590 590  
591 591  The LPS8-V2 supports this combination, the default, Node-red is pre-installed but the InfluxDB and Grafana is not pre-installed.
592 592  
... ... @@ -596,93 +596,16 @@
596 596  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.6HowtoinstallGrafanaandinfluxdb>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.6HowtoinstallGrafanaandinfluxdb]]
597 597  
598 598  
599 -=== **Upgrade the node.js** ===
418 += **5. How users can access LPS8v2 using serial USB** =
600 600  
601 -By default, the LPS8-V2 node.js uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
602 602  
421 +(% style="color:blue" %)**USB TTL to LPS8v2  Connection:**
603 603  
604 -the users can refer to this link to upgrade them.
605 605  
606 -[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.5Howtoupgradethenodejsversiontothelatest.>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.5Howtoupgradethenodejsversiontothelatest.]]
424 +Port 1 of the UART on the LPS8v2 is GND
607 607  
608 -
609 -== 4.3 How to disable the built-in server ==
610 -
611 -
612 -Use the following commands to start and stop the TTNv3 service:
613 -
614 614  (% class="box infomessage" %)
615 615  (((
616 -**# start**
617 -systemctl start ttnstack
618 -
619 -**# stop**
620 -systemctl stop ttnstack
621 -
622 -**# enable**
623 -systemctl enable ttnstack
624 -
625 -**#disable**
626 -systemctl disable ttnstack
627 -)))
628 -
629 -Use the following commands to start and stop the Node-Red service:
630 -
631 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
632 -(((
633 -**# start**
634 -systemctl start nodered
635 -
636 -**# stop**
637 -systemctl stop nodered
638 -
639 -**# enable**
640 -systemctl enable nodered
641 -
642 -**#disable**
643 -systemctl disable nodered
644 -)))
645 -
646 -
647 -== 4.4 How to use ChirpStack on LPS8-V2 ==
648 -
649 -
650 -By default, the built-in LoRaWAN network server used on LPS8v2 is TTNv3, so users need follow this link to install chirpstack:
651 -
652 -**[[Build-in The Things Network migrate to ChirpStack>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H9.2Build-inTheThingsNetworkmigratetoChirpStack]]**
653 -
654 -
655 -=== 4.4.1 How do users choose the chirpstack server frequency SubBand ===
656 -
657 -
658 -On the **Server ~-~-> Network Server** interface, choose the frequency Plan first.
659 -
660 -If the frequency Plan used is CN470, US915, AU915, or AS923, the user needs to choose a frequency sub-band, because the frequency Sub Band of ChirpStack starts from 0, so for example, us915_1 corresponds to the actual frequency US915_2.
661 -
662 -[[image:image-20230602140406-3.png||height="480" width="918"]]
663 -
664 -
665 -When the configuration is complete, click** "Save&Apply"**.
666 -
667 -
668 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**(%%) When adding device profile, the selected Region configuration is also calculated from 0, so setting it to us915_1 corresponds to US915 Sub Band 2.
669 -
670 -[[image:image-20230602143122-4.png||height="511" width="983"]]
671 -
672 -
673 -= 5. How the LPS8-V2 connects to Chirpstack via gateway-bridge =
674 -
675 -
676 -
677 -= 6. How users can access LPS8-V2 using serial USB =
678 -
679 -
680 -(% style="color:blue" %)**USB TTL to LPS8-V2  Connection:**
681 -
682 -Port 1 of the UART on the LPS8-V2 is GND
683 -
684 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
685 -(((
686 686  **TXD  <~-~--> UART RXD (Gray line)**
687 687  
688 688  **RXD  <~-~--> UART TXD (White line)**
... ... @@ -690,10 +690,13 @@
690 690  **GND <~-~--> GND (Black line)**
691 691  )))
692 692  
435 +
693 693  **LPS8v2 UART connection photo**
694 694  
695 -[[image:image-20230421094319-2.png||height="351" width="392"]]
438 +[[image:image-20220804163015-1.png||height="621" width="466"]]
696 696  
440 +
441 +
697 697  In the PC,you can use the serial port tool(such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows), you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:blue" %)**115200**(%%) to access the serial console for LPS8v2. LPS8v2 will output system info once power on as below:
698 698  
699 699  
... ... @@ -703,127 +703,111 @@
703 703  [[image:image-20220804164747-2.png||height="622" width="594"]]
704 704  
705 705  
706 -= 7. OTA System Update =
707 707  
452 += **6. Use the helium gateway-rs as the Data-only Hotspot** =
708 708  
709 -LPS8v2 supports system auto-update via OTA, please see **[[this URL>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/OTA%20Update/]]** for the detail of this feature.
710 710  
455 +== **Step 1: Configure Frequency Band** ==
711 711  
712 -== 7.1 Auto-update method ==
713 713  
458 +//Each country has a requirement for frequency region. Choose the right one for your area.//
714 714  
715 -The default, each gateway will enable the auto-update function.
460 +[[image:image-20220905164308-1.png]]
716 716  
717 -this function will be triggered every boot and every midnight.
718 718  
719 719  
720 -Users can enable/disable it via Web Page
464 +== **Step 2: Configure the forward address** ==
721 721  
722 -[[image:image-20230607094447-2.png]]
723 723  
467 +**Select one of the servers to configure.**
724 724  
725 -== 7.2 Manual upgrade method ==
469 +**For example:**
726 726  
471 +[[image:image-20220905164847-2.png]]
727 727  
728 -1). Using the Linux command to upgrade the system
729 729  
730 730  
731 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
732 -(((
733 -**apt update && apt install *dragino***
734 -)))
475 +== **Step 3: Download and Install the Helium-gateway-rs** ==
735 735  
736 736  
737 -2). Upgrade the system via the Web page button of "Manual Update"
478 +**Access the gateway CLI via SSH.**
738 738  
480 +[[image:image-20220905165222-3.png]]
739 739  
740 -**Note: this method needs about 10 mins, so you will get the log after 10 mins.  **
741 741  
742 -[[image:image-20230607093849-1.png]]
483 +**Download gateway-rs.**
743 743  
485 +[[image:image-20220905165715-5.png]]
744 744  
487 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
488 +(((
489 +**Command: wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/gateway-rs/helium-gateway-v1.0.0-alpha.31-raspi234.deb>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/gateway-rs/helium-gateway-v1.0.0-alpha.31-raspi234.deb]]**
490 +)))
745 745  
746 -= 8. FAQ =
747 747  
748 -== 8.1 How to change Hostname ==
493 +**Install gateway-rs.**
749 749  
495 +[[image:image-20220905165917-7.png]]
750 750  
751 -By default, Hostname is dragino-xxxxxx,If the user needs to change the hostname, the user needs to access the linux console of LPS8v2 and enter the following command:
752 -
753 753  (% class="box infomessage" %)
754 754  (((
755 -hostnamectl set-hostname dragino-123456
499 +**Command: dpkg -i helium-gateway-v1.0.0-alpha.31-raspi234.deb **
756 756  )))
757 757  
758 -[[image:image-20230517102429-1.png]]
759 759  
760 -After the configuration is complete, run "reboot" to restart the gateway.
503 +**Modify configuration.**
761 761  
762 762  
763 -== 8.2 Build-in The Things Network migrate to ChirpStack ==
506 +[[image:image-20220905173847-12.png]]
764 764  
765 765  
766 -Migrate guide:
509 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
510 +(((
511 +**region=<Enter regional parameters> \
512 +&& sed -i '/region/d' /etc/helium_gateway/settings.toml && sed -i "1 i\region = \"$region\"" /etc/helium_gateway/settings.toml \
513 +&& sed -i '/region/d' /etc/helium_gateway/default.toml && sed -i "22 i\region = \"$region\"" /etc/helium_gateway/default.toml**
514 +)))
767 767  
768 -**1. Ensure that the gateway is in good network condition, Recommended use of ETH.**
769 769  
770 -**2. On the Server ~-~-> Network Server interface, click "Management"**
517 +**Restart the helium_gateway**
771 771  
772 -[[image:image-20230616162454-1.png]]
519 +[[image:image-20220905170920-9.png]]
773 773  
774 774  
775 -**3. Click "Migrate-Chirpstack"**
522 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
523 +(((
524 +**systemctl restart helium_gateway**
525 +)))
776 776  
777 -[[image:image-20230616162742-2.png]]
778 778  
528 +**Check the helium_gateway Log：**
779 779  
780 -**4. Strat Install **
530 +[[image:image-20220905173952-13.png]]
781 781  
782 -Click start Install and wait until the migration succeeds
783 783  
784 -[[image:image-20230616162934-3.png]]
533 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
534 +(((
535 +**journalctl -u helium_gateway -f**
536 +)))
785 785  
786 786  
787 -**5.Migration complete check result**
539 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: if your device is not finished the onboarding, which is unable to connect to the Helium console.**
788 788  
789 -[[image:image-20230616174526-4.png||height="706" width="983"]]
541 +where the helium gateway log is shown:
790 790  
543 +[[image:image-20220905174534-14.png]]
791 791  
792 -[[image:image-20230616180004-9.png]]
793 793  
546 +So you have to finish the onboarding, ~-~--Please refer to [[Step 2.7>>doc:Main.Notes for Helium.WebHome||anchor="H2.7A0Step6:OnboardingData-OnlyHotspot"]] to onboarding your LPS8-V2.
794 794  
795 -== 8.3 How to reduce the 4g data consumed ==
796 796  
797 797  
798 -1). The gateway will check the network via ping 1.1.1.1/8.8.8.8 which will consume a lot of data, you can set the interval time to reduce data consume.
550 += **7. Trouble Shooting** =
799 799  
800 -[[image:image-20230719100239-1.png||height="724" width="994"]]
801 801  
553 +== 7.1  I can't log in to the built-in Server TTN Stack which shows '**Login failed**'. ==
802 802  
803 -2. Change the LoRa status package interval time: It does not affect the connection between the gateway and the server, just the status packet interval
804 804  
805 -[[image:image-20230719100332-2.png]]
806 -
807 -
808 -3. Disable the auto-update:
809 -
810 -[[image:image-20230719100419-3.png||height="458" width="995"]]
811 -
812 -
813 -== 8.4 How to connect the helium blockchain as a Data-only hotspot ==
814 -
815 -
816 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
817 -(((
818 -apt update && apt install helium-gateway
819 -)))
820 -
821 -
822 -= 9. Trouble Shooting =
823 -
824 -== 9.1  I can't log in to the built-in Server TTN Stack which shows '**Login failed**'. ==
825 -
826 -
827 827  [[image:image-20220920135918-1.png]]
828 828  
829 829  
... ... @@ -839,85 +839,21 @@
839 839  [[image:image-20220920141936-2.png]]
840 840  
841 841  
842 -== 9.2  The built-in TTN status is "Not Running" and the URI is "dragino-123456". How users fix this problem ==
843 843  
844 844  
845 -When this problem occurs, click "**Update To DEFAULT**" ,this problem will be fixed.
573 += (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)**8. Supports**(%%) =
846 846  
847 -[[image:image-20230508171607-1.png]]
848 848  
849 -
850 -== 9.3  Fallback IP does not work, how can users check ==
851 -
852 -
853 -When the computer has completed the above fallback IP configuration,the LPS8v2 Web UI is still not accessible via fallback IP.
854 -
855 -
856 -**1.Check whether the configuration is correct**
857 -
858 -Run the CMD command to ipconfig and ping 172.31.255.254.
859 -
860 -If this fails, the user needs to reconfigure.
861 -
862 -[[image:image-20230413170224-3.png||height="433" width="707"]]
863 -
864 -[[image:image-20230413170246-4.png]]
865 -
866 -
867 -**2. Check whether the firewall is disabled**
868 -
869 -If the firewall is not down, this will affect access to the gateway.
870 -
871 -
872 -== 9.4  Click "Manual_Update", why there is no response? ==
873 -
874 -
875 -When you click "Manual_Update", the gateway will finish updating within 10 minutes and display the update log.
876 -
877 -
878 -[[image:image-20230527090555-3.png||height="660" width="832"]]
879 -
880 -
881 -== 9.5  Why the LPS8V2's Access Point does not do not appear & Fallback IP unable to access ==
882 -
883 -
884 -Earlier versions of the LPS8V2 which missing the AP driver and not installed the fallback package, so the users have to do an extra update.
885 -
886 -
887 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
888 888  (((
889 -apt update && apt install dragino-fallback
890 -
891 -wget -P /tmp/ [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-packages/linux-image-current-draginohp0z_22.05.2_armhf.deb>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-packages/linux-image-current-draginohp0z_22.05.2_armhf.deb]] && dpkg -i /tmp/[[linux-image-current-draginohp0z_22.05.2_armhf.deb>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-packages/linux-image-current-draginohp0z_22.05.2_armhf.deb]]
577 +**//If you are experiencing issues and can't solve them, you can send mail to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]].//**
892 892  )))
893 893  
894 -
895 -== 9.6  How to clear data from the built-in server ==
896 -
897 -
898 -**1) Build-in The Things Network**
899 -
900 -Due to the bugs of Build-in The Things Network, when the IP address of LPS8v2 changes, the built-in TTN configuration cannot be deleted
901 -
902 -Users can go back to the IP address configured for the first time or follow the steps below to clear the built-in TTN configuration:
903 -
904 -
905 -
906 -**2) Build-in Chirpstack**
907 -
908 -
909 -= (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)10. Supports(%%) =
910 -
911 -
912 912  (((
913 -If you are experiencing issues and can't solve them, you can send mail to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]].
914 -)))
581 +**//With your question as detailed as possible. We will reply and help you in the shortest.//**
915 915  
916 -(((
917 -With your question as detailed as possible. We will reply and help you in the shortest.
918 918  
919 919  
920 -= 11. Reference =
585 += **9. Reference** =
921 921  
922 922  
923 923  * Install Tago Core: Refer **Install Tago Core in LPS8v2** in[[ Instruction>>doc:Main.Tago\.IO.WebHome]].
... ... @@ -926,7 +926,7 @@
926 926  
927 927  )))
928 928  
929 -= 12. Order Info =
594 += **10. Order Info** =
930 930  
931 931  
932 932  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**LPS8v2-XXX-YYY**
... ... @@ -934,33 +934,26 @@
934 934  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**XXX**(% style="color:black" %): Frequency Band
935 935  
936 936  * (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
937 -
938 938  * (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
939 -
940 940  * (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
941 -
942 942  * (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
943 -
944 944  * (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
945 -
946 946  * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
947 947  
948 948  (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**YYY**(% style="color:black" %): 4G Cellular Option
949 949  
950 -* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India
610 +* (% style="color:red" %)**E**(%%):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
611 +* (% style="color:red" %)**A**(%%):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
612 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AU**(%%): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
613 +* (% style="color:red" %)**J**(%%):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
951 951  
952 -* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-AFX**(% style="color:black" %): America:Verizon, AT&T(FirstNet), U.S.Cellular; Canada:Telus
953 -
954 -* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-AUX**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
955 -
956 -* (% style="color:red" %)**EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO, SoftBank, KDDI
957 -
958 958  More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
959 959  
960 960  
961 -= 13. Manufacturer Info =
962 962  
619 += **10. Manufacturer Info** =
963 963  
621 +
964 964  **Shenzhen Dragino Technology Development co. LTD**
965 965  
966 966  Room 202, Block B, BCT Incubation Bases (BaoChengTai),  No.8 CaiYunRoad
... ... @@ -968,9 +968,10 @@
968 968  LongCheng Street, LongGang District ; Shenzhen 518116,China
969 969  
970 970  
971 -= 14. FCC Warning =
972 972  
630 += **11. FCC Warning** =
973 973  
632 +
974 974  (((
975 975  This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
976 976  )))
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