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1		-XWiki.Xiaoling
	1	+XWiki.Edwin

Content

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4	4
5	5
6	6
7		-
8		-
9	9	= 1.  OverView =
10	10
11	11
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37	37
38	38	**End node actually value when TXP=0 and DR=0**
39	39
40		-(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:1002px" %)
41		-|(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white; width:134px" %)**Frequency band**|(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white; width:400px" %)**Output Power in LoRa Module (consider 2dB antenna)**|(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white; width:362px" %)(((
	38	+(% border="1.5" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:black; width:1002px" %)
	39	+|(% style="width:134px" %)**Frequency band**|(% style="width:400px" %)**Output Power in LoRa Module (consider 2dB antenna)**|(% style="width:362px" %)(((
42	42	**Spreading Factor(Higher SF can transmit further)**
43		-)))|(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white; width:102px" %)**Band Width**
	41	+)))|(% style="width:102px" %)**Band Width**
44	44	|(% style="width:134px" %)**EU868**|(% style="width:400px" %)14dBm|(% style="width:362px" %)SF=12|(% style="width:102px" %)125Khz
45	45	|(% style="width:134px" %)**US915**|(% style="width:400px" %)20 or 22 dBm (depends on max output of module)|(% style="width:362px" %)SF=10|(% style="width:102px" %)125Khz
46	46	|(% style="width:134px" %)**AS923**|(% style="width:400px" %)14dBm|(% style="width:362px" %)SF=12|(% style="width:102px" %)125Khz
47	47
	46	+
48	48	== 2.2  Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) and set max distance ==
49	49
50	50
51		-(% style="color:#037691" %)**ADR**(%%) is the feature that Server will ask End Node to adjust the TXP and DR according to some rules in the server. This is for the purpose of Network Management and Optimize End Node battery life-time.
	50	+**ADR** is the feature that Server will ask End Node to adjust the TXP and DR according to some rules in the server. This is for the purpose of Network Management and Optimize End Node battery life-time.
52	52
53	53
54	54	By default, ADR is turn on((% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ADR=1**) (%%)so End node ADR feature is enable.
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58	58
59	59	(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ADR=0**
60	60
61		-(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DR=0     **~/~/(%%) Use longest distance modulation
	60	+(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DR=0**
62	62
63		-(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TXP=0   **(%%)~/~/ Use max power   For EU868, max power can be is AT+TXP=50
	62	+(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TXP=0**
64	64
65	65
66	66	This can be downlink via the LoRaWAN downlink command, see [[this link>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/#H8.2UseDownlinkCommandtosetafixuplinkDR]] for reference.
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71	71
72	72	According to the above technology, if we have a problem on the distance, we can first check if the end node is trying to longest distance modulation already. We can see that from the LoRaWAN server. Below is an example from Chirpstack.
73	73
	73	+
74	74	We can see the traffic in gateway's page and know that the distance is SF12 / BW125. (note, server is not able to know Transmit Power settings from End Node)
75	75
	76	+
76	76	[[image:image-20221006185826-3.png]]
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78	78
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81	81
82	82	Below are the settings for longest distance transmission. ( will reduce battery life)
83	83
84		-* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ADR=0**          (%%)~/~/  Disable ADR  (% style="color:#037691" %)**(downlinkpayload: 2200FFFF)**
85		-* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DR=0**           (%%)~/~/  Use the smallest DR,the longest distance modulation (% style="color:#037691" %)**(downlinkpayload: 220000FF)**
86		-* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TXP=0**          (%%)~/~/  Use max power   For EU868, max power can be is AT+TXP=50 (% style="color:#037691" %)** (downlinkpayload: 22000000)**
	85	+* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ADR=0**     (%%)~/~/  Disable ADR
	86	+* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DR=  0**     (%%)~/~/  Use the smallest DR
	87	+* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TXP=0**    (%%) ~/~/  Use max power.
87	87
88		-== 2.5 Debug in Software ==
89	89
90		-Dragino can help client to debug the software for the distance issue. In the case , please send us below info:
91		-
92		-* Detail packets include for Join Request, Join Accept, Uplink & Downlink, These packets should include:
93		-** RSSI, DataRate, FCNT, Frequency.
94		-** MIC command detail & Payload detail.
95		-
96	96	= 3.  Analyze at the hardware side =
97	97
98		-== 3.1  Check if the antenna path is good ~-~- For LSN50v2 series end node ==
	92	+== 3.1  Check if the antenna path is good ~-~- For LSn50v2 series end node ==
99	99
100	100
101	101	a) Open Enclosure and Check if the antenna connection to module is good.
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127	127	* High ISM band usage by other technologies.
128	128	* Radio communication are usually killed with bad topographic conditions. It is usually not possible to communicate through a hill, even very small.
129	129
	124	+
130	130	== 4.2  Improve the Antenna ==
131	131
132	132
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174	174
175	175	= 6. Use a repeater =
176	176
177		-
178	178	In some cases, user can consider use a repeater for limitation transmition.
179	179
180	180	See here for how to set up: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LoRaWAN%20IoT%20Kit%20v3%20User%20Manual/#H7.Example6:LimitedLoRaWANrelay >>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LoRaWAN%20IoT%20Kit%20v3%20User%20Manual/#H7.Example6:LimitedLoRaWANrelay]]