Last modified by Xiaoling on 2024/08/16 11:25
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From version < 13.1 >
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2022/10/31 23:35
To version < 21.1 >
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2023/03/06 20:22
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7 +
8 +
7 7  = 1.  OverView =
8 8  
9 9  
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10 10  In real-world deployment for LoRa, distance is a common topic. We always want to have the longest distance. This chapter shows some instructions for how to improve this.
11 11  
12 12  
13 -
14 14  = 2.  Analyze at the software side =
15 15  
16 16  == 2.1  LoRa parameters that effect distance ==
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45 45  |(% style="width:134px" %)**AS923**|(% style="width:400px" %)14dBm|(% style="width:362px" %)SF=12|(% style="width:102px" %)125Khz
46 46  
47 47  
48 -
49 49  == 2.2  Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) and set max distance ==
50 50  
51 51  
52 -**ADR** is the feature that Server will ask End Node to adjust the TXP and DR according to some rules in the server. This is for the purpose of Network Management and Optimize End Node battery life-time.
52 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**ADR**(%%) is the feature that Server will ask End Node to adjust the TXP and DR according to some rules in the server. This is for the purpose of Network Management and Optimize End Node battery life-time.
53 53  
54 54  
55 55  By default, ADR is turn on((% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ADR=1**) (%%)so End node ADR feature is enable.
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59 59  
60 60  (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ADR=0**
61 61  
62 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DR=0**
62 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DR=0  **~/~/(%%) Use longest distance modulation
63 63  
64 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TXP=0**
64 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TXP=0   **(%%)~/~/Use max power   For EU868, max power can be is AT+TXP=50
65 65  
66 66  
67 67  This can be downlink via the LoRaWAN downlink command, see [[this link>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/#H8.2UseDownlinkCommandtosetafixuplinkDR]] for reference.
68 68  
69 69  
70 -
71 71  == 2.3  Check for short distance problem ==
72 72  
73 73  
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80 80  [[image:image-20221006185826-3.png]]
81 81  
82 82  
83 -
84 84  == 2.4  Best software settings for the longest distance ==
85 85  
86 86  
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87 87  Below are the settings for longest distance transmission. ( will reduce battery life)
88 88  
89 89  * (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ADR=0**     (%%)~/~/  Disable ADR
90 -* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DR=  0**     (%%)~/~/  Use the smallest DR
91 -* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TXP=0**    (%%) ~/~/  Use max power.
88 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+DR=  0**     (%%)~/~/  Use the smallest DR,the longest distance modulation
89 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TXP=0**    (%%) ~/~/  Use max power   For EU868, max power can be is AT+TXP=50
92 92  
93 93  
94 -
95 -
96 96  = 3.  Analyze at the hardware side =
97 97  
98 98  == 3.1  Check if the antenna path is good ~-~- For LSn50v2 series end node ==
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106 106  [[image:image-20221016081725-1.png||height="426" width="706"]]
107 107  
108 108  
109 -
110 110  = 4.  Installation Guidelines =
111 111  
112 112  == 4.1  Check the use environment ==
113 113  
114 114  
115 -First , User should notice: Radio link quality and performances are highly dependent of the environment.
110 +First , User should notice: Radio link quality and performances are highly dependent of the environment.Even you have the same hardware and antenna, Different installation will result in different performance.
116 116  
117 117  (% style="color:blue" %)**Better performances can be reached with:**
118 118  
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129 129  * Radio communication are usually killed with bad topographic conditions. It is usually not possible to communicate through a hill, even very small.
130 130  
131 131  
132 -
133 -
134 134  == 4.2  Improve the Antenna ==
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136 136  
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137 137  In some case, we have to install the device inside the chamber or next to a metal case. So the signal between the antenna and the receiver (gateway) is blocked by the metal. This will greatly reduce the signal. In such case, we can consider using antenna extend cable to extend the antenna to a better position.
138 138  
139 139  
140 -
141 141  = 5.  Some real-world case =
142 142  
143 143  == 5.1  Server reason cause end node has problem on Join. ==
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156 156  
157 157  Reference Link:  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Change%20Gateway%20Power/#H1.A0Overview>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Change%20Gateway%20Power/#H1.A0Overview]]
158 158  
151 +
152 +== 5.2 Chirpstack Default settings to 64 channels which cause Signal Poor. ==
153 +
154 +
155 +In this case, User use a Chirpstack LoRaWAN server with default settings. The Frequency Band is US915 and default settings of Chirpstack has all channels ( All sub-bands , total 72 channels) enable. User use a LDS03A and a LPS8N LoRaWAN gateway for the test.
156 +
157 +
158 +There is a strange issue: LDS03 has a very good RSSI ( RSSI=-40) during OTAA Join. But The LDS03A give a very poor RSSI after OTAA Join. After debug, it proves that the issue is with ChirpStack Frequency band settings. The ChirpStack server enables all 72 channels and the LDS03A will also use all channels after OTAA Join, but the LPS8N only can support 8 channels and set to Sub-Band2. When the LDS03A sends an uplink packet in the channel LPS8N doesn't support, because LDS03A is very close to LPS8N, LPS8N pick up this not support frequency and send to server. So in the platform we see a uplink packet with very poor RSSI.
159 +
160 +
161 +Above issue was confirmed and solved after set the ChirpStack support channels to sub-band2. See below for photos during debug.
162 +
163 +[[image:image-20221031233628-2.png]]
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166 +[[image:image-20221031233759-3.png]]
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168 +
169 +[[image:image-20221101000006-1.png||height="353" width="931"]]
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171 +
172 += 6. Use a repeater =
173 +
174 +
175 +In some cases, user can consider use a repeater for limitation transmition.
176 +
177 +See here for how to set up: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LoRaWAN%20IoT%20Kit%20v3%20User%20Manual/#H7.Example6:LimitedLoRaWANrelay >>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LoRaWAN%20IoT%20Kit%20v3%20User%20Manual/#H7.Example6:LimitedLoRaWANrelay]]
178 +
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