Wiki source code of Armbian OS instruction

Version 89.1 by Kilight Cao on 2023/03/27 16:58

version	line-number	content
15.1	1	Table of Contents：
	2
	3	{{toc/}}
	4
1.1	5
50.1	6
	7
48.2	8	= 1. Overview =
	9
	10
1.1	11	This is a general instruction for the use of Armbian base OS of Dragino devices. Current models include:
	12
	13	* HP0A
	14	* HP0C
	15	* LPS8v2
55.1	16	* MS20
1.1	17
84.2	18
48.2	19	= 2. Development Guide =
	20
	21
70.4	22	For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
4.1	23
25.1	24
48.2	25	== 2.1 How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
4.1	26
	27
48.3	28	=== (% style="color:blue" %)Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package(%%) ===
4.1	29
30.1	30
70.4	31	Requirements:
48.3	32
70.4	33	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev(%%)
30.1	34
70.4	35	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev(%%)
11.1	36
48.3	37
70.4	38	Run command clone dragino-fwd package: (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git(%%)
11.1	39
70.4	40
11.1	41	[[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
	42
	43
48.3	44	=== (% style="color:blue" %)Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd(%%) ===
48.1	45
11.1	46
70.4	47	After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:
48.3	48
70.5	49	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd: ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c
70.4	50
70.5	51
11.1	52	The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
	53
	54	[[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
	55
	56
	57
70.5	58	When the compilation is complete a** (% style="color:blue" %)draginofwd-.deb(%%) *package is generated.
	59
11.1	60	[[image:image-20220527154311-4.png\|\|height="385" width="773"]]
	61
25.1	62
48.3	63	=== (% style="color:blue" %)Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd(%%) ===
11.1	64
14.1	65
70.4	66	Run command:
11.1	67
70.5	68	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)*dpkg -i draginofwd-.deb **
11.1	69
70.4	70
11.1	71	[[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
	72
	73
48.3	74	=== (% style="color:blue" %)Step 4. Test(%%) ===
14.1	75
48.3	76
70.5	77	Check the dragino_fwd log:
11.1	78
70.5	79	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)journalctl -u draginofwd -f
11.1	80
70.4	81
13.1	82	[[image:image-20220527165221-7.png\|\|height="182" width="931"]]
11.1	83
48.3	84
70.5	85	Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:
11.1	86
70.5	87	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)systemctl start draginofwd
13.1	88
70.5	89	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)systemctl stop draginofwd
46.1	90
13.1	91
48.3	92	== 2.2 How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
27.1	93
57.1	94	== 2.3 How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
48.3	95
67.2	96	=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
57.1	97
67.2	98
70.5	99	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)//Preparations://
51.1	100
	101	~1. Prepare an SD card and a// card reader device//
	102
	103	2. Formatting the SD card (//Make sure the SD card is empty//)
	104
75.1	105	3. //Download the OS image from the [[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]: ( File format dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img )//
51.1	106
61.1	107	4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )//
51.1	108
	109
	110
67.2	111	=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
	112
	113
57.1	114	//1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
51.1	115
57.1	116	//2. Power on the device and access the gateway's CLI via the serial port.//
51.1	117
57.1	118	//3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
	119
	120
70.4	121	Run command:
27.1	122
70.6	123	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)nand-sata-install
27.1	124
70.4	125
27.1	126	[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
	127
28.1	128
27.1	129
70.7	130	Select the (% style="color:red" %)"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".
	131
27.1	132	[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png\|\|height="292" width="646"]]
	133
72.2	134
27.1	135	[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png\|\|height="301" width="643"]]
	136
	137
72.2	138
70.7	139	Select the (% style="color:red" %)"1 ext4"
27.1	140
	141	[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png\|\|height="271" width="642"]]
	142
	143
70.7	144
27.1	145	It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
	146
	147	[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png\|\|height="309" width="641"]]
	148
72.2	149
27.1	150	[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png\|\|height="281" width="640"]]
	151
72.2	152
27.1	153	[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png\|\|height="241" width="638"]]
	154
	155
	156	(% style="color:red" %)Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.
	157
28.1	158
72.1	159	== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
67.2	160
72.2	161
72.1	162	[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
	163
	164
84.2	165	== 2.5 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
72.1	166
78.1	167
	168	By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
	169
	170	[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
	171
	172	If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.
	173
	174
	175	#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
	176
83.1	177	[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png\|\|height="89" width="689"]]
78.1	178
	179	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	180	(((
	181	npm install -g n
	182	)))
	183
	184
	185	#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
	186
83.1	187	[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png\|\|height="184" width="893"]]
	188
78.1	189	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	190	(((
	191	n lts
	192	)))
	193
	194
	195	#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
	196
83.1	197	[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png\|\|height="139" width="899"]]
78.1	198
	199	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	200	(((
	201	n prune
	202	)))
	203
	204
	205	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	206	(((
83.1	207	apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot
78.1	208	)))
	209
	210
	211	Check the current version
	212
83.1	213	[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
78.1	214
	215	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	216	(((
	217	node -v
	218	)))
	219
	220
84.1	221	== 2.6 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
	222
	223
	224	=== Grafana: ===
	225
	226
	227	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	228	(((
	229	curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key \| gpg ~-~-dearmor \| sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
	230	echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" \| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
	231	apt update && apt install grafana
	232	)))
	233
	234
	235	Check the running status:
	236
	237
	238	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	239	(((
	240	systemctl status grafana-server
	241	)))
	242
	243
	244	configuration path:
	245
	246
	247	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	248	(((
	249	/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
	250	)))
	251
	252
	253	=== Influxdb: ===
	254
	255
	256	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	257	(((
	258	curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdb.key \| gpg ~-~-dearmor \| sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
	259	echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" \| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
	260	apt update && apt install influxdb
	261	)))
	262
	263
	264	Check the running status:
	265
	266
	267	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	268	(((
	269	systemctl status influxdb
	270	)))
	271
	272
	273	configuration path:
	274
	275
	276	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	277	(((
	278	/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
	279	)))
	280
85.1	281	= 3. How to install ChirpStack =
84.1	282
63.1	283
85.1	284	= 4. Package Maintain Note =
67.2	285
85.1	286	== 4.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
67.2	287
85.1	288	=== 4.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
67.2	289
85.1	290
67.2	291	By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates.
	292
	293
	294	(% style="color:blue" %)When devices will check for updates?
	295
	296	* Devices will check for updates for every boot.
	297	* Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
	298
	299	(% style="color:blue" %)What packages will be checked for updates?
	300
	301	dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
	302
	303	dragino-sid ~-~- SN write and read tool
	304
	305	dragino-ui ~-~- Gateway Web UI package
	306
	307	draginofwd ~-~- UDP packet forwarder, LoRa Base Station
	308
	309	draginoups ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
	310
	311
70.9	312
67.2	313	(% style="color:blue" %)Location and changelog for packages:
	314
	315	* Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
	316	* Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
	317
	318	(% style="color:blue" %)How to view auto-updated log
	319
	320	You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)System ~-~-> Package Management.
	321
	322
	323	[[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
	324
	325
70.7	326
67.2	327	(% style="color:blue" %)Can I disable package-auto-update?
	328
70.8	329	You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %) ‘SAVE’ (%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
67.2	330
	331
	332	[[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
	333
	334
	335
85.1	336	=== 4.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
67.2	337
	338
70.8	339	You can click the (% style="color:red" %)‘Manual Update’(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
67.2	340
	341
	342	[[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
	343
	344
	345
85.1	346	=== 4.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
67.2	347
	348
	349	For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
	350
	351
	352
85.1	353	== 4.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
67.2	354
85.1	355	=== 4.2.1 Overview ===
67.2	356
	357
	358	Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
	359
	360
85.1	361	=== 4.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
67.2	362
	363
70.5	364	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)apt install apache2
67.2	365
	366
85.1	367	=== 4.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
67.2	368
	369
70.5	370	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/(%%)
67.2	371
70.5	372	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/ -p(%%)
67.2	373
70.5	374	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/ -p(%%)
67.2	375
	376
	377	Tree Structure:
	378
	379	(% style="color:red" %)Note: If you are not familiar with updating servers, most directory names are not recommended to be changed.
	380
	381
	382	└── debian
	383
	384	└── release
	385
	386	├── dists
	387
	388	│ └── stable
	389
	390	│ └── main
	391
	392	│ └── binary-armhf
	393
	394	└── pool
	395
	396	└── main
	397
	398	└── d
	399
70.5	400	└── dragino ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.
67.2	401
	402
85.1	403	=== 4.2.4 Get deb packages ===
67.2	404
	405
	406	The deb packages for auto-update can be placed in (% style="color:blue" %)/var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)
	407
	408	Below is an example package(testing-0808.deb) for test purpose:
	409
	410
70.5	411	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/testing-0808.deb(%%)
67.2	412
70.5	413	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)
67.2	414
	415
85.1	416	=== 4.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
67.2	417
	418
70.5	419	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/debian/release/
67.2	420
70.5	421	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)dpkg-scanpackages pool/ > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages
67.2	422
70.5	423	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cat dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages \| gzip -9 > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages.gz
67.2	424
	425
	426	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.
	427
	428
85.1	429	=== 4.2.6 Generate Release file ===
67.2	430
	431
70.10	432	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Create the generated script:(%%) ====
67.2	433
	434
70.5	435	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable
67.2	436
	437
70.5	438	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh]]
67.2	439
70.5	440	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)chmod + x ./generate-release.sh
67.2	441
70.5	442	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)./generate-release.sh > Release
67.2	443
	444
85.1	445	=== 4.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
67.2	446
	447
70.7	448	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Make sure auto-update server has gnupg(%%) ====
67.2	449
	450
70.5	451	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)apt install gnupg
68.2	452
	453
	454
70.7	455	==== (% style="color:blue" %)generate gpg key(%%) ====
67.2	456
	457
70.5	458	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gpg -gen-key
67.2	459
68.2	460
70.10	461	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.
67.2	462
	463
68.2	464
70.7	465	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Check the gen-key(%%) ====
67.2	466
	467
70.5	468	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gen -list-key
67.2	469
68.2	470
	471
70.7	472	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Generate the release.gpg(%%) ====
67.2	473
	474
70.5	475	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable
67.2	476
70.5	477	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-detach-sign -o Release.gpg Release
67.2	478
	479
70.5	480	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gpg ~-~-clearsign -o InRelease Release
67.2	481
	482
68.2	483
70.7	484	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Generate the public key(%%) ====
67.2	485
	486
70.5	487	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>
67.2	488
68.2	489
67.2	490	example: gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output xiao.asc ~-~-export [[xiaoye@dragino.cc>>mailto:xiaoye@dragino.cc]]
	491
	492
	493
85.1	494	=== 4.2.8 Add url as apt source in LPS8v2 / MS20 ===
67.2	495
68.2	496
	497
70.7	498	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Add the public key(%%) ====
67.2	499
	500
70.5	501	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/
67.2	502
70.7	503
68.2	504	(% style="color:red" %)Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.
67.2	505
68.2	506
	507
70.7	508	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Add the apt source list(%%) ====
67.2	509
68.2	510
67.2	511	Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
	512
70.5	513	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)echo "deb http:~/~/<IP_address or hostname>/debian/release stable main" \| tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/test_server.list
67.2	514
	515
68.2	516
70.7	517	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Validate the apt repository(%%) ====
67.2	518
68.2	519
67.2	520	Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
	521
70.5	522	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)apt update && apt install testing
67.2	523
68.2	524
67.2	525	Example output:
	526
68.2	527	[[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
67.2	528
	529
85.1	530	=== 4.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
67.2	531
	532
70.7	533	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Remove dragino apt source(%%) ====
67.2	534
	535
70.5	536	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)/etc/apt/sources.list
67.2	537
	538
70.2	539	[[image:1661306460134-112.png]]
67.2	540
	541
	542
70.7	543	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Set up automatic updates(%%) ====
67.2	544
	545
70.5	546	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates
67.2	547
70.2	548
67.2	549	The device performs automatic updates from this script,
	550
	551	But it will now only look for dragino as a keyword, so you need to replace the keyword dragino with your own keyword.
	552
	553
70.2	554	[[image:1661306487761-768.png]]

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