NBSN95_NBSN95A NB-IoT Sensor Node User Manual

NBSN95 is a Long Range NB-IoT Sensor Node. It is designed for (% style="color:blue" %)**outdoor data logging **(%%)and powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**Li/SOCl2 battery**(%%) for long term use and secure data transmission. It is designed to facilitate developers to quickly deploy industrial level NB-IoT solutions. It helps users to turn the idea into a practical application and make the Internet of Things a reality. It is easy to program, create and connect your things everywhere.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**NarrowBand-Internet of Things (NB-IoT)**(%%) is a standards-based low power wide area (LPWA) technology developed to enable a wide range of new IoT devices and services. NB-IoT significantly improves the power consumption of user devices, system capacity and spectrum efficiency, especially in deep coverage.

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NBSN95 uses STM32l0x chip from ST, STML0x is the (% style="color:blue" %)**ultra-low-power**(%%) STM32L072xx microcontrollers incorporate the connectivity power of the universal serial bus (USB 2.0 crystal-less) with the high-performance ARM® Cortex®-M0+ 32-bit RISC core operating at a 32 MHz frequency, a memory protection unit (MPU), high-speed embedded memories (192 Kbytes of Flash program memory, 6 Kbytes of data EEPROM and 20 Kbytes of RAM) plus an extensive range of enhanced I/Os and peripherals.

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NBSN95 is an (% style="color:blue" %)**open source product**(%%), it is based on the STM32Cube HAL drivers and lots of libraries can be found in ST site for rapid development.

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[[image:1657509740279-435.png]]

== 1.2 Features ==

* STM32L072CZT6 MCU

* NB-IoT Bands: B1/B3/B8/B5/B20/B28 @H-FDD

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* Pre-load bootloader on USART1/USART2

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* MDK-ARM Version 5.24a IDE

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* I2C, LPUSART1, USB, SPI2

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* 3x12bit ADC, 1x12bit DAC

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* 20xDigital I/O

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* Open-source hardware / software

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* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure

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* Ultra-Low Power consumption

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* AT Commands to change parameters

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* Micro SIM card slot for NB-IoT SIM

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* 8500mAh Battery for long term use

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== 1.3 Specification ==

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Micro Controller:**

* STM32L072CZT6 MCU

* MCU: STM32L072CZT6

* Flash: 192KB

* RAM: 20KB

* EEPROM: 6KB

* Clock Speed: 32Mhz

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**

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* Supply Voltage: 2.1v ~~ 3.6v

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* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C

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* I/O pins: Refer to STM32L072 datasheet

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**NB-IoT Spec:**

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* - B1 @H-FDD: 2100MHz

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* - B3 @H-FDD: 1800MHz

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* - B8 @H-FDD: 900MHz

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* - B5 @H-FDD: 850MHz

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* - B20 @H-FDD: 800MHz

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* - B28 @H-FDD: 700MHz

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Battery:**

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* Li/SOCI2 un-chargeable battery

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* Capacity: 8500mAh

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* Self Discharge: <1% / Year @ 25°C

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* Max continuously current: 130mA

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* Max boost current: 2A, 1 second

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Power Consumption**

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* STOP Mode: 10uA @ 3.3v

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* Max transmit power: 350mA@3.3v

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== 1.4 Applications ==

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* Smart Buildings & Home Automation

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* Logistics and Supply Chain Management

* Smart Metering

* Smart Agriculture

* Smart Cities

* Smart Factory

(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)

== 1.5 Pin Definitions & Switch ==

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[[image:1657510398618-181.png]]

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(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:520px" %)

|(% style="width:44px" %)4|(% style="width:86px" %)PA2|(% style="width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="width:296px" %)Used as UART_TXD in NBSN95 image

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|(% style="width:44px" %)5|(% style="width:86px" %)PA3|(% style="width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="width:296px" %)Used as UART_RXD in NBSN95 image

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Flash: Normal Working mode and send AT Commands

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ISP: UART Program Mode

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=== 1.5.1 Jumper JP2 ===

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Power on Device when put this jumper.

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=== 1.5.2 BOOT MODE / SW1 ===

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1) ISP: upgrade mode, device won't have any signal in this mode. but ready for upgrade firmware. LED won't work. Firmware won't run.

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2) Flash: work mode, device starts to work and send out console output for further debug

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=== 1.5.3 Reset Button ===

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Press to reboot the device.

=== 1.5.4 LED ===

It will flash:

1. When boot the device in flash mode

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1. Send an uplink packet

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== 1.6 Hole Option ==

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The NBSN95 provides different hole size options for different size sensor cable. The options provided are M12, M16. The definition is as below:

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[[image:image-20220711135811-1.png]]

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[[image:1657519103007-447.png]]

= 2. Use NBSN95 to communicate with IoT Server =

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== 2.1 How it works ==

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The NBSN95 is equipped with a NB-IoT module, the pre-loaded firmware in NBSN95 will get environment data from sensors and send the value to local NB-IoT network via the NB-IoT module. The NB-IoT network will forward this value to IoT server via the protocol defined by NBSN95.

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The diagram below shows the working flow in default firmware of NBSN95:

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[[image:image-20220711135919-2.png]]

== 2.2 Configure the NBSN95 ==

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=== 2.2.1 Power On NBSN95 ===

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[[image:1657519498925-521.png]]

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=== 2.2.2 Test Requirement ===

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To use NBSN95 in your city, make sure meet below requirements:

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* Your local operator has already distributed a NB-IoT Network there.

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* The local NB-IoT network used the band that NBSN95 supports.

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* Your operator is able to distribute the data received in their NB-IoT network to your IoT server.

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Below figure shows our testing structure. Here we have NB-IoT network coverage by China Mobile, the band they use is B8. The NBSN95 will use CoAP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5683)(%%) or raw UDP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5601)(%%) or MQTT((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:1883)(%%)or TCP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5600)(%%)protocol to send data to the test server

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[[image:1657519549982-889.png]]

=== 2.2.3 Insert SIM card ===

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Insert the NB-IoT Card get from your provider.

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User need to take out the NB-IoT module and insert the SIM card like below:

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[[image:1657249468462-536.png]]

=== 2.2.4 Connect USB – TTL to NBSN95 to configure it ===

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User need to configure NBSN95 via serial port to set the (% style="color:blue" %)**Server Address** / **Uplink Topic** (%%)to define where and how-to uplink packets. NBSN95 support AT Commands, user can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to NBSN95 and use AT Commands to configure it, as below.

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[[image:1657520237594-636.png]]

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In the PC, use below serial tool settings:

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* Baud: (% style="color:green" %)**9600**

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* Data bits:** (% style="color:green" %)8(%%)**

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* Stop bits: (% style="color:green" %)**1**

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* Parity: (% style="color:green" %)**None**

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* Flow Control: (% style="color:green" %)**None**

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Make sure the switch is in FLASH position, then power on device by connecting the jumper on NBSN95. NBSN95 will output system info once power on as below, we can enter the (% style="color:green" %)**password: 12345678**(%%) to access AT Command input.

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[[image:1657520459085-315.png]]

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(% style="color:red" %)Note: the valid AT Commands can be found at: (%%)[[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN95/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN95/]]

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=== 2.2.5 Use CoAP protocol to uplink data ===

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(% style="color:red" %)Note: if you don't have CoAP server, you can refer this link to set up one: (%%)[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Set%20up%20CoAP%20Server/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Set%20up%20CoAP%20Server/]]

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**Use below commands:**

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=1** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use CoAP protocol to uplink

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5683 ** (%%)~/~/ to set CoAP server address and port

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+URI=5,11,"mqtt",11,"coap",12,"0",15,"c=text1",23,"0" ** (%%) ~/~/Set COAP resource path

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For parameter description, please refer to AT command set

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[[image:1657249793983-486.png]]

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After configure the server address and (% style="color:green" %)**reset the device**(%%) (via AT+ATZ ), NSE01 will start to uplink sensor values to CoAP server.

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[[image:1657522754681-536.png]]

=== 2.2.6 Use UDP protocol to uplink data(Default protocol) ===

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This feature is supported since firmware version v1.0.1

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=2 ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use UDP protocol to uplink

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5601 ** (%%) ~/~/ to set UDP server address and port

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CFM=1 ** (%%) ~/~/If the server does not respond, this command is unnecessary

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[[image:1657522829933-263.png]]

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[[image:1657522854411-706.png]]

=== 2.2.7 Use MQTT protocol to uplink data ===

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This feature is supported since firmware version v110, it supports only plain MQTT now it doesn't support TLS and other related encryption.

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=3 ** (%%) ~/~/Set to use MQTT protocol to uplink

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,1883 ** (%%) ~/~/Set MQTT server address and port

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CLIENT=CLIENT ** (%%)~/~/Set up the CLIENT of MQTT

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+UNAME=UNAME **(%%)~/~/Set the username of MQTT

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PWD=PWD **(%%)~/~/Set the password of MQTT

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PUBTOPIC=T1_PUB **(%%)~/~/Set the sending topic of MQTT

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SUBTOPIC=T1_SUB **(%%) ~/~/Set the subscription topic of MQTT

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[[image:1657522979257-629.png]]

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[[image:1657522993615-517.png]]

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To save battery life, NBSN95 will establish a subscription before each uplink and close the subscription 3 seconds after uplink successful. Any downlink commands from server will only arrive during the subscription period.

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MQTT protocol has a much higher power consumption compare vs UDP / CoAP protocol. Please check the power analyze document and adjust the uplink period to a suitable interval.

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=== 2.2.8 Use TCP protocol to uplink data ===

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This feature is supported since firmware version v110

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=4 ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use TCP protocol to uplink

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5600 **(%%) ~/~/ to set TCP server address and port

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[[image:1657523736162-303.png]]

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[[image:1657523748549-241.png]]

=== 2.2.9 Change Update Interval ===

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User can use below command to change the (% style="color:green" %)**uplink interval**.

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+TDC=600 ** (%%)~/~/ Set Update Interval to 600s

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== 2.3 Working Mode & Uplink Payload ==

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NBSN95 has different working mode for the connections of different type of sensors. This section describes these modes. User can use the AT Command (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CFGMOD**(%%) to set NBSN95 to different working modes.

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For example:

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(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CFGMOD=2 ** (%%) ~/~/** **will set the NBSN95 to work in [[MOD=2 distance mode>>||anchor="H"]] which target to measure distance via Ultrasonic Sensor.

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The uplink payloads are composed in ASCII String. For example:

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0a cd 00 ed 0a cc 00 00 ef 02 d2 1d (total 24 ASCII Chars). Representative the actually payload:

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0x 0a cd 00 ed 0a cc 00 00 ef 02 d2 1d Total 12 bytes

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(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**

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(% style="color:red" %)1. All modes share the same Payload Explanation from [[HERE>>||anchor="H"]].

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2. By default, the device will send an uplink message every 1 hour.

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=== 2.3.1 CFGMOD~=1 (Default Mode) ===

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In this mode, the uplink payload usually contains 25 bytes. ((% style="color:red" %)Note: Time stamp field are added since firmware version v120(%%))

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(% border="1" cellspacing="8" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:1071px" %)

|(((

**Size**

**(bytes)**

)))|(% style="width:82px" %)**6**|(% style="width:41px" %)(((

**2**

|**Value**|(% style="width:82px" %)[[Device ID>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:41px" %)[[Ver>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:120px" %)[[Signal Strength>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:55px" %)(((

MOD

0x01

)))|(% style="width:104px" %)(((

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[[Temperature>>||anchor="H"]]

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[[(DS18B20)>>||anchor="H"]]

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)))|(% style="width:159px" %)[[Digital in>>||anchor="H"]] & [[Interrupt>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:49px" %)[[ADC>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:104px" %)(((

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[[Temperature>>||anchor="H"]]

by

SHT20/SHT31

)))|(% style="width:112px" %)(((

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[[Humidity>>||anchor="H"]]

by

SHT20/SHT31

)))|(% style="width:94px" %)[[Timestamp>>||anchor="H"]]

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If the cache upload mechanism is turned on, you will receive the payload shown in the figure below.

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(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:523px" %)

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(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**

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(% style="color:red" %)**1. Only up to 10 sets of latest data will be cached.**

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(% style="color:red" %)**2. Theoretically, the maximum upload bytes are 215.**

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If we use the MQTT client to subscribe to this MQTT topic, we can see the following information when the NB sensor uplink data.

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[[image:1657526816370-997.png]]

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The payload is ASCII string, representative same HEX: 0x72403155615900780c541901000000004200fc023260da7c4e where:

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* Device ID: 0x724031556159 = 724031556159

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* Version: 0x0078=120=1.2.0

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* BAT: 0x0c54 = 3156 mV = 3.156V

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* Singal: 0x19 = 25

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* Model: 0x01 = 1

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* Temperature by DS18b20: 0x0000 = 0

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* Interrupt: 0x00 = 0

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* ADC: 0x0042 = 66 = 66mv

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* Temperature by SHT20/SHT31: 0x00fc = 252 = 25.2 °C

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* Humidity by SHT20/SHT31: 0x0232 = 562 = 56.2 %rh

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* Timestamp: 0x60da7c4e = 1,624,931,406 = 2021-06-29 09:50:06

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=== 2.3.2 CFGMOD~=2 (Distance Mode) ===

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This mode is target to measure the distance. Total 23 bytes, (Note: Time stamp field are added since firmware version v120)

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(% border="1" cellspacing="8" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:942px" %)

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|(% style="width:104px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:83px" %)[[Device ID>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:42px" %)[[Ver>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:122px" %)[[Signal Strength>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:55px" %)(((

MOD

0x02

)))|(% style="width:103px" %)(((

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[[Temperature>>||anchor="H"]]

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[[(DS18B20)>>||anchor="H"]]

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)))|(% style="width:79px" %)(((

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[[Digital in>>||anchor="H"]]

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[[Interrupt>>||anchor="H"]]

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)))|(% style="width:50px" %)[[ADC>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:162px" %)(((

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[[Distance measure>>||anchor="H"]] by:

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1) [[LIDAR-Lite V3HP>>||anchor="H"]]

Or

2) [[Ultrasonic Sensor>>||anchor="H"]]

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)))|(% style="width:92px" %)[[Timestamp>>||anchor="H"]]

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If the cache upload mechanism is turned on, you will receive the payload shown in the figure below.

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(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:512px" %)

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(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**

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(% style="color:red" %)**1. Only up to 10 sets of latest data will be cached.**

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(% style="color:red" %)**2. Theoretically, the maximum upload bytes are 193.**

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If we use the MQTT client to subscribe to this MQTT topic, we can see the following information when the NB sensor uplink data.

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[[image:1657527383721-325.png]]

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So the payload is 0x72403162907100780ca91102010b000ca8015860dacc87 where:

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* Device ID: 0x724031629071 = 724031629071

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* Version: 0x0078=120=1.2.0

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* BAT: 0x0ca9 = 3241mV = 3.241 V

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* Singal: 0x11 = 17

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* Model: 0x02 = 2

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* Temperature by DS18b20: 0x010b= 267 = 26.7 °C

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* Interrupt: 0x00 = 0

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* ADC: 0x0ca8 = 3240 mv

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* Distance by LIDAR-Lite V3HP/Ultrasonic Sensor: 0x0158 = 344 cm

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* Timestamp: 0x60dacc87 = 1,624,951,943 = 2021-06-29 15:32:23

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Connection of LIDAR-Lite V3HP:

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[[image:1657527422661-877.png]]

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Connection to Ultrasonic Sensor:

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[[image:1657527441108-781.png]]

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=== 2.3.3 CFGMOD~=3 (3 ADC + I2C) ===

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This mode has total 26 bytes. Include 3 x ADC + 1x I2C, ((% style="color:red" %)Note: Time stamp field are added since firmware version v120(%%))

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(% border="1" cellspacing="8" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:1091px" %)

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|=(% style="width: 99px;" %)(((

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**Size (bytes)**

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|(% style="width:99px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:83px" %)[[Device ID>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:42px" %)(((

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[[Ver>>||anchor="H"]]

)))|(% style="width:44px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:122px" %)[[Signal Strength>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:56px" %)(((

MOD

0x03

)))|(% style="width:56px" %)(((

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[[ADC>>||anchor="H"]]1

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)))|(% style="width:160px" %)[[Digital in>>||anchor="H"]] & [[Interrupt>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:57px" %)(((

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[[ADC>>||anchor="H"]]2

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)))|(% style="width:104px" %)(((

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[[Temperature>>||anchor="H"]]

by

SHT20/SHT31

)))|(% style="width:109px" %)(((

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[[Humidity>>||anchor="H"]]

by

SHT20/SHT31

)))|(% style="width:57px" %)(((

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[[ADC>>||anchor="H"]]3

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)))|(% style="width:93px" %)[[Timestamp>>||anchor="H"]]

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ADC1 uses pin PA0 to measure

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ADC2 uses pin PA1 to measure

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ADC3 uses pin PA4 to measure

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If the cache upload mechanism is turned on, you will receive the payload shown in the figure below.

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(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)

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(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**

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(% style="color:red" %)**1. Only up to 10 sets of latest data will be cached.**

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(% style="color:red" %)**2. Theoretically, the maximum upload bytes are 226.**

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If we use the MQTT client to subscribe to this MQTT topic, we can see the following information when the NB sensor uplink data.

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[[image:1657527751330-433.png]]

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So the payload is 0x724031629071780cf012030cbc000cef010a024b0cef60dbc494 where:

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* Device ID: 0x724031629071 = 724031629071

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* Version: 0x78=120=1.2.0

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* BAT: 0x0cf0 = 3312 mV = 3.312 V

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* Singal: 0x12 = 18

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* Model: 0x03 = 3

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* ADC1: 0x0cbc= 3260mV

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* Interrupt: 0x00 = 0

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* ADC2: 0x0cef =3311 mv

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* Temperature by SHT20/SHT31: 0x010a = 266 = 26.6 °C

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* Humidity by SHT20/SHT31: 0x024b =587 = 58.7 %rh

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* ADC2: 0x0cef = 3311 mv

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* Timestamp: 0x60dbc494 = 1,625,015,444= 2021-06-30 09:10:44

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=== 2.3.4 CFGMOD~=4 (3 x DS18B20) ===

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Hardware connection is as below, ((% style="color:red" %)Note: R3 & R4 should change from 10k to 4.7k to support DS18B20, Software set to AT+CFGMOD=4(%%))

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[[image:1657527815194-570.png]]

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This mode has total 25 bytes. ((% style="color:red" %)Note: Time stamp field are added since firmware version v120(%%)) As shown below:

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(% border="1" cellspacing="8" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:1127px" %)

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|=(% style="width: 94px;" %)(((

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**Size(bytes)**

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|(% style="width:94px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:82px" %)[[Device ID>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:40px" %)[[Ver>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:44px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:120px" %)[[Signal strength>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:55px" %)(((

MOD

(0x04)

)))|(% style="width:111px" %)(((

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[[Temperature1>>||anchor="H"]]

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[[(DS18B20)>>||anchor="H"]]

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[[(PB3)>>||anchor="H"]]

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)))|(% style="width:48px" %)(((

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[[ADC>>||anchor="H"]]

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)))|(% style="width:207px" %)[[Digital in & Digital Interrupt>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

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[[Temperature2>>||anchor="H"]]

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[[(DS18B20)>>||anchor="H"]]

703

704

[[(PA9)>>||anchor="H"]]

705

)))|(% style="width:112px" %)(((

706

[[Temperature3>>||anchor="H"]]

707

708

[[(DS18B20)>>||anchor="H"]]

709

710

[[(PA10)>>||anchor="H"]]

711

)))|(% style="width:94px" %)[[Timestamp>>||anchor="H"]]

712

713

If the cache upload mechanism is turned on, you will receive the payload shown in the figure below.

714

715

716

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:538px" %)

717

718

719

(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**

720

721

(% style="color:red" %)**1. Only up to 10 sets of latest data will be cached.**

722

723

(% style="color:red" %)**2. Theoretically, the maximum upload bytes is 215.**

724

725

726

If we use the MQTT client to subscribe to this MQTT topic, we can see the following information when the NB sensor uplink data.

727

728

[[image:1657528339054-727.png]]

729

730

731

So the payload is 0x72403162907100780cdf1504010a0cde0000fb010060dbcb3f where:

732

733

* Device ID: 0x724031629071 = 724031629071

734

* Version: 0x0078=120=1.2.0

735

736

* BAT: 0x0cdf = 3295 mV = 3.295 V

737

* Singal: 0x15 = 21

738

* Model: 0x04 = 4

739

* Temperature by DS18b20: 0x010a = 226 = 22.6 °C

740

* ADC: 0x0cde = 3294 mv

741

* Interrupt: 0x00 = 0

742

* Temperature by DS18b20: 0x00fb = 251 = 25.1°C

743

* Temperature by DS18b20: 0x0100 = 256 = 25.6 °C

744

745

* Timestamp: 0x60dbcb3f = 1,625,017,151= 2021-06-30 09:39:11

746

747

=== 2.3.5 CFGMOD~=5 (Weight Measurement by HX711) ===

748

749

750

[[image:1657528388617-253.png]]

751

752

(% style="color:red" %)Notes about hardware connection:

753

754

1. Don't connect the HX711 module VCC to NBSN95 3.3v VCC, in this case, the NBSN95 will always power on HX711 and the battery will run out soon.

755

1. HX711 support 5v VCC, but while connect the NBSN95's +5V to HX711 VCC, the value from HX711 is not stable.

756

1. Connect NBSN95 +5V to HX711 VCC via a LDO module is stable.

757

758

(% style="color:red" %)Each HX711 need to be calibrated before used. User need to do below two steps:

759

760

1. Zero calibration. Don’t put anything on load cell and run (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+WEIGRE**(%%) to calibrate to Zero gram.

761

1. Adjust calibration factor (default value 400): Put a known weight thing on load cell and run (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+WEIGAP**(%%) to adjust the Calibration Factor.

For example:

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+WEIGAP =403.0**

766

767

Response: Weight is 401 g

768

769

770

Check the response of this command and adjust the value to match the real value for thing.

771

772

This mode has total 23 bytes. (Note: Time stamp field are added since firmware version v120). As shown below:

773

774

775

(% border="1" cellspacing="8" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:973px" %)

776

|=(% style="width: 97px;" %)(((

777

**Size(bytes)**

778

779

|(% style="width:97px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:83px" %)[[Device ID>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:42px" %)(((

780

[[Ver>>||anchor="H"]]

781

782

783

)))|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:121px" %)[[Signal strength>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:60px" %)(((

MOD

(0x05)

)))|(% style="width:104px" %)(((

788

[[Temperature>>||anchor="H"]]

789

790

[[(DS18B20)>>||anchor="H"]]

791

)))|(% style="width:50px" %)[[ADC>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:206px" %)[[Digital in & Digital Interrupt>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:69px" %)[[Weight>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:92px" %)[[Timestamp>>||anchor="H"]]

792

793

If the cache upload mechanism is turned on, you will receive the payload shown in the figure below.

794

795

796

(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:522px" %)

797

798

799

(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**

800

801

(% style="color:red" %)**1. Only up to 10 sets of latest data will be cached.**

802

803

(% style="color:red" %)**2. Theoretically, the maximum upload bytes are 193.**

804

805

806

If we use the MQTT client to subscribe to this MQTT topic, we can see the following information when the NB sensor uplink data.

807

808

809

[[image:1657528559833-164.png]]

810

811

812

So the payload is 0x72403162907100780c94140501370c9300003a60dbe59e where:

813

814

* Device ID: 0x724031629071 =724031629071

815

* Version: 0x0078=120=1.2.0

816

817

* BAT: 0x0c75 = 3220 mV = 3.220 V

818

* Singal: 0x14 = 20

819

* Model: 0x05 = 5

820

* Temperature by DS18b20: 0x0137 = 311 = 31.1 °C

821

* ADC: 0x0c74 = 3219 mv

822

* Interrupt: 0x00 = 0

823

* Weigt by HX711: 0x003a = 58 g

824

825

* Timestamp: 0x60dbe59e = 1,625,023,902= 2021-06-30 11:31:42

826

827

828

=== 2.3.6 CFGMOD~=6 (Counting mode) ===

829

830

831

In this mode, uplink payload includes in total 20 bytes, ((% style="color:red" %)Note: Time stamp field are added since firmware version v120(%%))

832

833

834

(% border="1" cellspacing="8" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:638px" %)

835

836

|(% style="width:100px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:82px" %)[[Device ID>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:40px" %)[[Ver>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:123px" %)[[Signal Strength>>||anchor="H"]]|(% style="width:54px" %)(((

MOD

0x06

)))|(% style="width:98px" %)Pulse count|(% style="width:92px" %)[[Timestamp>>||anchor="H"]]

841

842

If the cache upload mechanism is turned on, you will receive the payload shown in the figure below.

843

844

845

(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:518px" %)

846

847

848

(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**

849

850

(% style="color:red" %)**1. Only up to 10 sets of latest data will be cached.**

851

852

(% style="color:red" %)**2. Theoretically, the maximum upload bytes are 160.**

853

854

855

If we use the MQTT client to subscribe to this MQTT topic, we can see the following information when the NB sensor uplink data.

856

857

858

[[image:1657528693361-320.png]]

859

860

The payload is ASCII string, representative same HEX: 0x72403162907100780cc714060000000260dc03e5 where:

861

862

* Device ID: 0x724031629071 = 724031629071

863

* Version: 0x0078=120=1.2.0

864

865

* BAT: 0x0cc7 =3271mV =3.271V

866

* Singal: 0x14 = 20

867

* Model: 0x06 = 6

868

* Pulse count: 0x00000002= 2

869

* Timestamp: 0x60dc03e5 = 1,625,031,653= 2021-06-30 13:40:53

870

871

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)

872

|=(% style="width: 60px;" %)(((

873

**Size(bytes)**

874

875

|(% style="width:97px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:83px" %)[[Device ID>>||anchor="H2.4.1A0A0DeviceID"]]|(% style="width:41px" %)[[Ver>>||anchor="H2.4.2A0VersionInfo"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.4.3A0BatteryInfo"]]|(% style="width:123px" %)[[Signal Strength>>||anchor="H2.4.4A0SignalStrength"]]|(% style="width:108px" %)[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.4.5A0SoilMoisture"]]|(% style="width:133px" %)[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.4.6A0SoilTemperature"]]|(% style="width:159px" %)[[Soil Conductivity(EC)>>||anchor="H2.4.7A0SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(% style="width:80px" %)[[Interrupt>>||anchor="H2.4.8A0DigitalInterrupt"]]

(((

)))

== 2.4 Payload Explanation and Sensor Interface ==

883

884

885

=== 2.4.1 Device ID ===

886

887

(((

888

By default, the Device ID equal to the last 6 bytes of IMEI.

)))

(((

User can use (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DEUI**(%%) to set Device ID

)))

(((

**Example:**

)))

(((

AT+DEUI=A84041F15612

)))

(((

The Device ID is stored in a none-erase area, Upgrade the firmware or run AT+FDR won't erase Device ID.

)))

=== 2.4.2 Version Info ===

(((

(((

These bytes include the hardware and software version.

)))

(((

Higher byte: Specify hardware version: always 0x01 for NBSN95

)))

(((

Lower byte: Specify the software version: 0x6E=110, means firmware version 110

)))

(((

For example: 0x01 6E: this device is NBSN95 with firmware version 110.

)))

)))

=== 2.4.3 Battery Info ===

(((

Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV

)))

(((

Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV

)))

=== 2.4.4 Signal Strength ===

945

946

(((

947

NB-IoT Network signal Strength.

)))

(((

**Ex1: 0x1d = 29**

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**0**(%%) -113dBm or less

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**1**(%%) -111dBm

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**2...30**(%%) -109dBm... -53dBm

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**31** (%%) -51dBm or greater

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**99** (%%) Not known or not detectable

)))

=== 2.4.5 Temperature (DS18B20) ===

977

978

If there is a DS18B20 connected to PB3 pin. The temperature will be uploaded in the payload.

979

980

More DS18B20 can check the [[3 DS18B20 mode>>path:#ds18b20_3]]

981

982

983

**Connection for one DS18B20**

984

985

[[image:image-20220711164131-3.jpeg]]

**Example**:

If payload is: 0x0105: (0105 & FC00 == 0), temp = 0x0105 /10 = 26.1 degree

991

992

If payload is: 0xFF3F: (FF3F & FC00 == 1) , temp = (0xFF3F - 65536)/10 = -19.3 degree.

=== 2.4.6 Digital Input ===

997

998

The digital input is for pin PA12,

999

1000

* When PA12 is high, the bit2 of this byte is 1.

1001

* When PA12 is low, the bit2 of this byte is 0.

(((

)))

=== 2.4.7 Analogue Digital Converter (ADC) ===

1010

1011

The ADC monitors the voltage on the (% style="color:blue" %)**PA0**(%%) line, in mV. Max value is from 0v to BAT voltage

Ex: 0x021F = 543mv,

(% style="color:blue" %)**Example1:**(%%) Reading a Liquid Level Sensor (Read a resistance value):

1018

1019

[[image:image-20220711164848-12.png]]

In the NBSN95, we can use PB4 and PA0 pin to calculate the resistance for the liquid level sensor. The bottom of this sensor equal to 0ohm and top position equals to 10kohm.

1024

1025

1026

(% style="color:blue" %)Steps:

1027

1028

1. Solder a 10K resistor between PA0 and VCC.

1029

1. Screw liquid level sensor's two pins to PA0 and PB4.

1030

1031

The equipment circuit is as below:

1032

1033

[[image:image-20220711164942-13.png]]

According to above diagram:

1038

1039

([[image:image-20220711164435-6.png]]

So

[[image:image-20220711164435-7.png]]

1044

1045

[[image:image-20220711164435-8.png]] is the reading of ADC. So if ADC=0x05DC=0.9 v and VCC (BAT) is 2.9v

1046

1047

1048

The [[image:image-20220711164435-9.png]] 4.5K ohm

1049

1050

Since the buoy is linear resistance from 10 ~~ 70cm.

1051

1052

1053

The position of buoy is [[image:image-20220711164435-10.png]] , from the bottom of buoy

(((

)))

(((

)))

=== 2.4.8 Digital Interrupt ===

1064

1065

1066

Digital Interrupt refers to pin PB14, and there are different trigger methods. When there is a trigger, the NBSN95 will send a packet to the server.

1067

1068

1069

**Example to use with door sensor**

1070

1071

The door sensor is shown at right. It is a two wire magnetic contact switch used for detecting the open/close status of doors or windows.

1072

1073

[[image:image-20220711165615-14.png]]

1074

1075

When the two pieces are close to each other, the 2 wire output will be short or open (depending on the type), while if the two pieces are away from each other, the 2 wire output will be the opposite status. So we can use NBSN95 interrupt interface to detect the status for the door or window.

1076

1077

1078

Below is the installation example:

1079

1080

Fix one piece of the magnetic sensor to the door and connect the two pins to NBSN95 as follows:

1081

1082

* One pin to NBSN95's PB14 pin

1083

* The other pin to NBSN95's VCC pin

1084

1085

Install the other piece to the door. Find a place where the two pieces will be close to each other when the door is closed. For this particular magnetic sensor, when the door is closed, the output will be short, and PB14 will be at the VCC voltage.

1086

1087

1088

Door sensors have two types: NC (Normal close) and NO (Normal Open). The connection for both type sensors are the same. But the decoding for payload is reverse, user need to modify this in the IoT Server decoder.

1089

1090

1091

When door sensor is shorted, there will extra power consumption in the circuit, the extra current is 3v3/R14 = 3v2/1Mohm = 0.3uA which can be ignored.

1092

1093

1094

[[image:image-20220711165615-15.png]]

1095

1096

1097

The above photos shows the two parts of the magnetic switch fitted to a door.

1098

1099

1100

The software by default uses the falling edge on the signal line as an interrupt. We need to modify it to accept both the rising edge (0v ~-~-> VCC , door close) and the falling edge (VCC ~-~-> 0v , door open) as the interrupt.

The command is:

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+INTMOD=1 ** (%%) ~/~/(more info about INMOD please refer [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN50/]]).

1106

1107

1108

Below shows some screen captures in TTN:

1109

1110

1111

In MOD=1, user can use the (% style="color:blue" %)**Digital Input & Interrupt** (%%)byte to see the status for door open or close. The Decode is:

1112

1113

1114

* When PB14 is high, the bit8 of this byte is 1.

1115

* When PB14 is low, the bit8 of this byte is 0.

=== 2.4.9 +5V Output ===

1121

1122

(((

1123

NSE01 will enable +5V output before all sampling and disable the +5v after all sampling.

)))

(((

The 5V output time can be controlled by AT Command.

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+5VT=1000**

)))

(((

Means set 5V valid time to have 1000ms. So the real 5V output will actually have 1000ms + sampling time for other sensors.

)))

== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==

1142

1143

By default, NSE01 prints the downlink payload to console port.

1144

1145

[[image:image-20220708133731-5.png]]

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:**

)))

(((

)))

* (((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Set TDC**

)))

(((

If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.

)))

(((

Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S

)))

(((

Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S

)))

(((

)))

* (((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Reset**

)))

(((

If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the NSE01

)))

* (% style="color:blue" %)**INTMOD**

1186

1187

(((

1188

Downlink Payload: 06000003, Set AT+INTMOD=3

)))

== 2.6 LED Indicator ==

1194

1195

(((

1196

The NSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.

1197

1198

1199

* When power on, NSE01 will detect if sensor probe is connected, if probe detected, LED will blink four times. (no blinks in this step is no probe)

1200

* Then the LED will be on for 1 second means device is boot normally.

1201

* After NSE01 join NB-IoT network. The LED will be ON for 3 seconds.

1202

* For each uplink probe, LED will be on for 500ms.

)))

== 2.7 Installation in Soil ==

1209

1210

__**Measurement the soil surface**__

1211

1212

(((

1213

Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting. [[https:~~/~~/img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/2005165265/O1CN010rj9Oh1olPsQxrdUK_!!2005165265.jpg>>url:https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/2005165265/O1CN010rj9Oh1olPsQxrdUK_!!2005165265.jpg]]

1214

)))

1215

1216

[[image:1657259653666-883.png]]

(((

(((

Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.

)))

(((

Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.

)))

)))

[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]

(((

)))

== 2.8 Firmware Change Log ==

1239

1240

1241

Download URL & Firmware Change log

1242

1243

(((

1244

[[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/firmware/>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/firmware/]]

)))

Upgrade Instruction: [[Upgrade_Firmware>>||anchor="H5.1200BHowtoUpgradeFirmware"]]

== 2.9 Battery Analysis ==

1253

1254

=== 2.9.1 Battery Type ===

(((

The NSE01 battery is a combination of an 8500mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is none-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.

)))

(((

The battery is designed to last for several years depends on the actually use environment and update interval.

)))

(((

The battery related documents as below:

1269

)))

1270

1271

* [[Battery Dimension>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]

1272

* [[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]

1273

* [[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]

1274

1275

(((

1276

[[image:image-20220708140453-6.png]]

)))

=== 2.9.2 Power consumption Analyze ===

1282

1283

(((

1284

Dragino battery powered product are all runs in Low Power mode. We have an update battery calculator which base on the measurement of the real device. User can use this calculator to check the battery life and calculate the battery life if want to use different transmit interval.

)))

(((

Instruction to use as below:

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: **(%%)Downlink the up-to-date DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Prediction_Table.xlsx from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/]]

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: **(%%) Open it and choose

)))

* (((

Product Model

)))

* (((

Uplink Interval

)))

* (((

Working Mode

)))

(((

And the Life expectation in difference case will be shown on the right.

1313

)))

1314

1315

[[image:image-20220708141352-7.jpeg]]

=== 2.9.3 Battery Note ===

1320

1321

(((

1322

The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.

)))

=== 2.9.4 Replace the battery ===

1328

1329

(((

1330

The default battery pack of NSE01 includes a ER26500 plus super capacitor. If user can't find this pack locally, they can find ER26500 or equivalence without the SPC1520 capacitor, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes).

)))

= 3. Access NB-IoT Module =

1336

1337

(((

1338

Users can directly access the AT command set of the NB-IoT module.

)))

(((

The AT Command set can refer the BC35-G NB-IoT Module AT Command: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/other_vendors/BC35-G/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/other_vendors/BC35-G/]]

1343

)))

1344

1345

[[image:1657261278785-153.png]]

= 4. Using the AT Commands =

1350

1351

== 4.1 Access AT Commands ==

1352

1353

See this link for detail: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN50/]]

1354

1355

1356

AT+<CMD>? : Help on <CMD>

AT+<CMD> : Run <CMD>

AT+<CMD>=<value> : Set the value

1361

1362

AT+<CMD>=? : Get the value

1363

1364

1365

(% style="color:#037691" %)**General Commands**(%%)

AT : Attention

AT? : Short Help

ATZ : MCU Reset

AT+TDC : Application Data Transmission Interval

1374

1375

AT+CFG : Print all configurations

1376

1377

AT+CFGMOD : Working mode selection

1378

1379

AT+INTMOD : Set the trigger interrupt mode

1380

1381

AT+5VT : Set extend the time of 5V power

1382

1383

AT+PRO : Choose agreement

1384

1385

AT+WEIGRE : Get weight or set weight to 0

1386

1387

AT+WEIGAP : Get or Set the GapValue of weight

1388

1389

AT+RXDL : Extend the sending and receiving time

1390

1391

AT+CNTFAC : Get or set counting parameters

1392

1393

AT+SERVADDR : Server Address

1394

1395

1396

(% style="color:#037691" %)**COAP Management**

1397

1398

AT+URI : Resource parameters

1399

1400

1401

(% style="color:#037691" %)**UDP Management**

1402

1403

AT+CFM : Upload confirmation mode (only valid for UDP)

1404

1405

1406

(% style="color:#037691" %)**MQTT Management**

1407

1408

AT+CLIENT : Get or Set MQTT client

1409

1410

AT+UNAME : Get or Set MQTT Username

1411

1412

AT+PWD : Get or Set MQTT password

1413

1414

AT+PUBTOPIC : Get or Set MQTT publish topic

1415

1416

AT+SUBTOPIC : Get or Set MQTT subscription topic

1417

1418

1419

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Information**

1420

1421

AT+FDR : Factory Data Reset

1422

1423

AT+PWORD : Serial Access Password

= 5. FAQ =

== 5.1 How to Upgrade Firmware ==

(((

User can upgrade the firmware for 1) bug fix, 2) new feature release.

)))

(((

Please see this link for how to upgrade: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H2.HardwareUpgradeMethodSupportList>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H2.HardwareUpgradeMethodSupportList]]

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(% style="color:red" %)Notice, NSE01 and LSE01 share the same mother board. They use the same connection and method to update.

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== 5.2 Can I calibrate NSE01 to different soil types? ==

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NSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20220605.pdf]].

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= 6. Trouble Shooting =

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== 6.1 Connection problem when uploading firmware ==

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**Please see: **[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H3.3Troubleshooting>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H3.3Troubleshooting]]

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(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

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== 6.2 AT Command input doesn't work ==

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In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.

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= 7. Order Info =

Part Number**:** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**NSE01**

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(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

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= 8. Packing Info =

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:

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* NSE01 NB-IoT Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1

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* External antenna x 1

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**:

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* Size: 195 x 125 x 55 mm

* Weight: 420g

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= 9. Support =

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

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* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of NBSN95_NBSN95A NB-IoT Sensor Node User Manual

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