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1 [[image:image-20250207150946-1.jpeg||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" height="553" width="553"]]
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10 **Table of Contents:**
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12 {{toc/}}
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21
22 = 1. Introduction =
23
24 == 1.1 What is the LWL02 LoRaWAN Water Leak Sensor ==
25
26
27 The Dragino LWL02 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Water Leak Sensor**(%%) equipped with two external metal probes. When water is detected between the two metal probes, the LWL02 identifies a water leak and sends an uplink to the registered LoRaWAN network server.
28
29 The LWL02 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**2 x AAA batteries**(%%) and is designed for long-term use. These two batteries can support approximately 16,000 to 70,000 uplink packets, resulting in a battery life of 2 to 10 years. Once the batteries are depleted, users can easily open the enclosure and replace them with standard AAA batteries.
30
31 The LWL02 sends data periodically every day and also for each water leak event. It records the number of water leak occurrences and calculates the duration of the most recent leak. Users can disable uplinks for each individual water leak event if desired. In this case, the device will count each event and send the data periodically.
32
33 Each LWL02 comes preloaded with a unique set of key/EUIs for LoRaWAN registration. By registering these keys to the LoRaWAN network server, the device will automatically connect upon powering on.
34
35
36
37 == 1.2 Features ==
38
39
40 * **LoRaWAN Class A v1.0.3**
41 * **Frequency Bands:** CN470, EU433, KR920, US915, EU868, AS923, AU915, IN865, RU864
42 * **SX1262 LoRa Core**
43 * **Water Leak Detection**
44 * **2 x AAA LR03 Batteries**
45 * **AT Commands** to change parameters
46 * **Periodic Uplink** and uplink triggered by open/close actions
47 * **Remote Configuration** of parameters via LoRa Downlink
48 * **Firmware Upgradable** via programming port
49
50 == 1.3 Storage & Operation Temperature ==
51
52
53 -10 ~~ 50 °C  or -40 ~~ 60 °C (depending on the battery type; see [[FAQ>>||anchor="H7.6Whyiseedifferentworkingtemperatureforthedevice3F"]])
54
55
56 == 1.4 Applications ==
57
58
59 * Smart Buildings & Home Automation
60 * Logistics and Supply Chain Management
61 * Smart Metering
62 * Smart Agriculture
63 * Smart Cities
64 * Smart Factory
65
66 == 1.5 Dimensions ==
67
68 === 1.5.1 LWL02 terminal node size ===
69
70 [[image:image-20220608143952-2.png]]
71
72
73 [[image:1654670405145-346.png]]
74
75 === 1.5.2 Water leakage detection probe size ===
76
77 * Old version probe
78
79 [[image:1751435918793-943.png||height="303" width="389"]]
80
81 * New version probe
82
83 [[image:1751449168085-179.jpg||height="175" width="429"]]
84
85 [[image:1751448024530-653.png]]
86
87
88 == 1.6 Firmware Change log ==
89
90
91 (((
92 The LWL02 uses the same firmware as the LDS01:  [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/6ls5i0zsvujvbc8/AABe3V5aQXdy7zSxEdEA3DHOa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/6ls5i0zsvujvbc8/AABe3V5aQXdy7zSxEdEA3DHOa?dl=0]]
93 )))
94
95 == 1.7 Hardware Variant (Since LDWS v2.4 PCB) ==
96
97
98 Starting from the LDWS v2.4 motherboard, we made adjustments to the button and LED light of LWL02, and the corresponding adjustments were also made to the shell at the same time.
99
100
101
102 === 1.7.1 How to identify the old and new versions ===
103
104
105 Check the **external enclosure** for these differences:
106
107 ~1. RESET Button Hole
108
109 * New Version: Larger hole (Corresponding to the position of the RESET button on the motherboard).
110 * Old Version: Smaller hole (The original position of the LED).
111
112 2. LED
113
114 * New Version: Thinner circular area below RESET hole (for LED light transmission).
115 * Old Version: The small hole directly above the shell (Corresponding to the position of the LED on the motherboard).
116
117 3. Arrow Marking
118
119 * New Version: Edge-embossed arrow shape.
120 * Old Version: Fully recessed arrow shape.
121
122 (% style="color:blue" %)**Actual appearance comparison picture：**
123
124 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20250507161458-4.jpeg?width=665&height=456&rev=1.1||alt="image-20250507161458-4.jpeg"]]
125
126
127 === 1.7.2 RESET button & LED Display ===
128
129
130 **1. RESET button**
131
132 Restart the device through the physical reset button.
133
134 It is suitable for rapid restart when the equipment malfunctions (such as communication failure, sensor unresponsiveness).
135
136 * For old version, the RESET button was located inside the device enclosure, requiring the housing to be opened for access.
137 * For new version, the RESET button is located in a small hole in the device's case and can simply be pressed with a thin pin without opening the case.
138
139 Example:
140
141 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20250507172832-6.png?width=274&height=372&rev=1.1||alt="image-20250507172832-6.png"]]
142
143
144 **2. LED display**
145
146 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:463px" %)
147 |=(% style="width: 186px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Action**|=(% style="width: 277px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**LED behavior**
148 |(% style="width:184px" %)Power On|(% style="width:275px" %)(% style="color:green" %)**GREEN LED on for 1s, **(% style="color:red" %)**RED LED on for 1s,**(%%)** (% style="color:blue" %)BLUE LED on for 1s(%%)**
149 |(% style="width:184px" %)Joined successfully|(% style="width:275px" %)(% style="color:green" %)**GREEN LED **(%%)on for 5s
150 |(% style="width:184px" %)Send an uplink message|(% style="width:275px" %)(% style="color:green" %)**GREEN LED**(%%) blinks once
151 |(% style="width:184px" %)Receive a downlink message|(% style="width:275px" %)(% style="color:blue" %)**BLUE LED**(%%) blinks once
152
153 = 2. Power on LWL02 =
154
155
156 When you receive the LWL02, open the enclosure and insert 2 AAA batteries to power it on. The [[LED>>||anchor="H4.7LEDs"]] will blink when the device is powered.
157
158
159 = 3. How to Install LWL02 =
160
161
162 **Fixing with screws:**
163
164 * Detach the bottom lid of the enclosure. You will notice two holes on the bottom lid for inserting screws. First, attach the bottom lid to the surface using screws. Then snap the top part of the enclosure onto the bottom. You will hear a clicking sound once they are securely fitted together.
165
166 [[image:image-20231222114059-1.jpeg||height="412" width="624"]]
167
168
169 **Fixing with double-sided adhesive pads:**
170
171 * A double-sided adhesive pad is included with the LWL02. First remove the protective backing of one side only. Then affix it on the bottom of the sensor enclosure. Once the tape is in place, remove the remaining protective backing and secure the enclosure to the surface.
172
173 [[image:image-20231222114211-2.jpeg||height="409" width="613"]]
174
175
176 (((
177 When installing the LWL02 on a wall, please follow the instructions as shown in the image below to ensure the water leak probe is submerged in water for detection purposes. The LWL02 main body is not waterproof, so please avoid allowing water to enter the main body.
178
179
180 )))
181
182 [[image:image-20220608144447-4.png]]
183
184
185 = 4. Operation Mode =
186
187 == 4.1 How It works? ==
188
189
190 (((
191 The LWL02 is configured as a LoRaWAN Class A device by default. It contains a DevEUI, AppEUI, and AppKey, which allow it to join a LoRaWAN network using OTAA (Over-The-Air Activation). To connect the LWL02 to a LoRaWAN network, you need to configure these keys and identifiers with the LoRaWAN network server first, and then [[power on>>||anchor="H2.PowerONLWL02"]] the LWL02. The device will automatically join the network using OTAA. This device information can be found in your package, printed on a sticker.
192
193
194 [[image:image-20230426084834-1.png||height="239" width="515"]]
195
196
197 )))
198
199 (((
200 If you cannot set the device registration information, such as the DevEUI, AppEUI, and AppKey, in the network server, you must use the information generated by the network server, which differs from the information already stored on the device. In this case, you can use [[AT Command>>||anchor="H6.UseATCommand"]] to write the new information to the device.
201 )))
202
203
204 == 4.2 Example to joining a LoRaWAN network ==
205
206
207
208 The following figure shows how the LWL02 connects to [[The Things Stack>>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. The LWL02 sends messages (uplinks) to The Things Stack via a LoRaWAN gateway (e.g., Dragino LPS8N) and can also receive messages (downlinks) from The Things Stack. The Things Stack can be integrated with ThingsEye, allowing it to forward uplinks to ThingsEye. ThingsEye is an IoT platform used for visualizing and analyzing sensor data. You can also send downlinks from ThingsEye (via The Things Stack) to the LWL02.
209
210
211
212 [[image:lwl02-tts.jpg]]
213
214
215 (((
216 The LWL02 has a water leak detection probe, as shown above. When water is present between the two probes, they will short-circuit and generate a water leak event, sending the status to the LoRaWAN server. The LWL02 uplinks the following types of messages to the server:
217
218 * A keep-alive message, sent once per day.
219 * An emergency event message when a water leak is detected ([[this alarm event can be disabled>>||anchor="H7.3CanIdisableuplinkforeacheventtosavebatterylife3F"]]).
220 * A periodic update every 10 minutes while in a water leak state.
221 * A message when switching from a water leak state to no water leak ([[this alarm event can be disabled>>||anchor="H7.3CanIdisableuplinkforeacheventtosavebatterylife3F"]]).
222
223 === 4.2.1 Setting up ===
224
225 * Sign up for a free account with [[The Things Stack Sandbox>>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network]] if you do not have one yet.
226 * Log in to your **The Things Stack** account.
227 * Create an **application** with The Things Stack if you do not have one yet.
228 ** On the left navigation, click **Applications**.
229 ** Then click **+ Add Application** button.
230
231 [[image:lwl02-4.png]]
232
233 * On the **Create Application **page, configure the following:
234 ** **Application ID**: Provide a unique identification for your application within The Things Stack.
235 ** **Application name**: (optional) Provide a descriptive name.
236 ** **Description**: (optional) Provide a description.
237 * Click on **Create application **button.
238 )))
239
240
241 [[image:lwl02-5.png]]
242
243
244 * Go to the newly created application and click on the **End devices** in the left menu.
245 * On the End devices page, click on **+ Register end device**.
246
247 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/lds02-step-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="lds02-step-5.png"]]
248
249
250 * Two registration options are available:
251 ** Using the LoRaWAN Device Repositoty
252 ** Manual registration
253
254 === 4.2.2 Using the LoRaWAN Device Repository ===
255
256 * On the **Register end device** page:
257 ** Select the option **Select the end device in the LoRaWAN Device Repository **under **Input method**.
258 ** Select the **End device brand**, **Model**, **Hardware version**, **Firmware version**, and **Profile (Region)** from the respective dropdown lists.
259 *** **End device brand**: Dragino Technology Co., Limited
260 *** **Model**: LWL02 - Water Leak Sensor
261 *** **Hardware ver**: Unknown
262 *** **Firmware ver**: 1.6
263 *** **Profile (Region)**: Select the region that matches your device.
264 ** Select the **Frequency plan** that matches your device from the **Frequency plan** dropdown list.
265 ** Enter the **AppEUI** in the **JoinEUI** field and click the **Confirm** button. If The Things Stack accepts the JoinEUI you provided, it will display the message 'This end device can be registered on the network.
266
267 [[image:lwl02-1.png]]
268
269
270
271
272 * In the **DevEUI** field, enter the **DevEUI**.
273 * In the **AppKey** field, enter the **AppKey.**
274 * In the **End device ID** field, enter a unique name for your LWL02 within this application.
275 * Under **After registration**, select the **View registered end device** option.
276 * Click **Register end device** button.
277
278 [[image:lwl02-2.png]]
279
280
281
282 * You will be navigated to the Device overview page.
283
284 [[image:lwl02-3.png]]
285
286
287 * Click on the Live Data tab and then **Power on** the LWL02. It will first join The Things Stack network server. You can confirm this by looking for the Join-request and Join-accept messages. After successfully joining the network, the LWL02 will start sending uplink messages to The Things Stack, and you can see them in the **Live Data** panel.
288
289 [[image:1654681465260-713.png]]
290
291
292 == 4.3 Uplink Payload ==
293
294
295 The uplink payload is a total of 10 bytes.
296
297 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
298 |(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:80px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**1**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**3**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:110px" %)**3**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)**1**
299 |value|(% style="width:92px" %)Status & BAT|(% style="width:150px" %)(((
300 MOD Always:0x02
301 )))|(% style="width:126px" %)Total_water_leak_events|(% style="width:140px" %)(((
302 Last  water leak duration (unit:min)
303 )))|(% style="width:153px" %)(((
304 Alarm status
305 )))
306
307 === 4.3.1 Battery Info ===
308
309 Check the battery voltage:
310
311 Example 1: 0x0B88&3FFF = 2952mV
312
313 Example 2: 0xD152&3FFF = 4434mV
314
315
316 === 4.3.2 Status ===
317
318 Check the door state:
319
320 **Example**:
321
322 If the payload is: **0B**:  (0000 1011&0100 0000== 0), **DOOR_OPEN_STATUS** is 0（**CLOSE**）
323
324 If the payload is: **D1**: (1101 0001&0100 0000== 1), **DOOR_OPEN_STATUS** is 1（**OPEN**）
325
326
327 === 4.3.3 MOD ===
328
329 Check the working mode (MOD):
330
331 **Example:**
332
333 If the payload is: 02, the MOD is 2.
334
335
336 === 4.3.4 Total_water_leak_events ===
337
338 Get the total number of door open events:
339
340 **Example**:
341
342 If payload is: **00 00 93, **the total is 147 events.
343
344 If payload is: **00 00 00, **the total is 0 events.
345
346
347 === 4.3.5 Last  water leak duration (unit: min) ===
348
349 Get the last door open duration:
350
351 **Example:**
352
353 If the payload is: **00 00 25, **the last door open duration is 37 minutes.
354
355 If payload is: **00 00 01,** the last door open duration is 1 minute.
356
357
358 === 4.3.6 Alarm ===
359
360 Get alarm status.
361
362 **Example:**
363
364 If the payload is: 01:  (0001 & 0001== 1), the alarm status is 1
365
366 If the payload is: 00:  (0000 & 0001== 0), the alarm status is 0
367
368
369
370 **Example:**
371
372 [[image:1654672186477-234.png]]
373
374
375 (((
376 The **payload decoder** for The Things Stack can be downloaded from:  [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/LWL02]]
377 )))
378
379
380 == 4.4 Downlink Payload ==
381
382
383 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:505px" %)
384 |=(% style="width: 182px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Downlink Control Type**|=(% style="width: 96px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Type Code**|=(% style="width: 227px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Downlink payload size(bytes)**
385 |(% style="width:180px" %)TDC (Transmit Time Interval—Keep Alive Interval)|(% style="width:80px" %)0x01|(% style="width:150px" %)4
386 |(% style="width:180px" %)RESET|(% style="width:80px" %)0x04|(% style="width:224px" %)2
387 |(% style="width:180px" %)[[Set confirmed mode>>||anchor="HTypeCode0x05"]]|(% style="width:80px" %)0x05|(% style="width:150px" %)2
388 |(% style="width:180px" %)[[Clear Counting>>||anchor="HTypeCode0xA6"]]|(% style="width:80px" %)0xA6|(% style="width:150px" %)2
389 |(% style="width:180px" %)[[Enable/Disable Alarm>>||anchor="HTypeCode0xA7"]]|(% style="width:80px" %)0xA7|(% style="width:150px" %)2
390 |(% style="width:180px" %)[[Control ADR/DR>>||anchor="HTypeCode0xA8"]]|(% style="width:80px" %)0xA8|(% style="width:150px" %)3
391 |(% style="width:180px" %)[[Set Alarm Timeout>>||anchor="HTypeCode0xA9"]]|(% style="width:80px" %)0xA9|(% style="width:150px" %)4
392
393 The following image illustrates how to send a downlink payload from The Things Stack.
394
395 [[image:1654673412319-976.png]]
396
397
398 === (% style="color:#037691" %)**Type Code 0x01**(%%) ===
399
400 For example, if the payload is **0100003C**, the LWL02's Keep Alive interval is set to **0x00003C (60 seconds)**.
401
402
403 === (% style="color:#037691" %)**Type Code 0x04**(%%) ===
404
405 For example, if the payload is **0x04FF**, it **resets** the LWL02.
406
407
408 === (% style="color:#037691" %)**Type Code 0x05**(%%) ===
409
410 * The payload **0x05 00** sets the uplink to LoRaWAN **unconfirmed** mode.
411 * The payload **0x05 01** sets the uplink to LoRaWAN **confirmed** mode
412
413 === (% style="color:#037691" %)**Type Code 0xA6**(%%) ===
414
415 The payload **0xA601** is used to "**clear the counting**." For the LWL02, it resets both the count numbers and the time.
416
417
418 === (% style="color:#037691" %)**Type Code 0xA7**(%%) ===
419
420 * The payload **0xA7 01** is equivalent to **AT+DISALARM=1**.
421 * The payload **0xA7 00** is Equivalent to **AT+DISALARM=0**.
422
423 === (% style="color:#037691" %)**Type Code 0xA8**(%%) ===
424
425 **Downlink Payload Format**: 0xA8 AA BB
426
427 * **0xA8**: Type code
428 * **AA**:
429 ** **1**: Enable ADR
430 ** **0**: Disable ADR (same as the **AT+CADR** command)
431 * **BB**: Set DR (same as **AT+CDATARATE**; only valid after ADR = 0)
432
433 **Example**: 0xA8 00 02: Set ADR = 0 and DR = 2
434
435
436 === (% style="color:#037691" %)**Type Code 0xA9**(%%) ===
437
438 For more information, see [[Alarm Base Timeout>>||anchor="H4.6AlarmBaseonTimeout"]].
439
440
441 == 4.5 Integrate with IoT Platforms ==
442
443
444 The Things Stack can be integrated with many IoT platforms, including ThingsEye and Datacake, for visualizing and analyzing data coming from the LWL02. Most of these IoT platforms also support sending downlinks to the LWL02.
445
446
447 === 4.5.1 Integrate with ThingsEye ===
448
449
450 The Things Stack application supports integration with ThingsEye.io. Once integrated, ThingsEye.io acts as an MQTT client for The Things Stack MQTT broker, allowing it to subscribe to upstream traffic and publish downlink traffic.
451
452
453 ==== 4.5.1.1 Configuring The Things Stack ====
454
455
456 We use The Things Stack Sandbox in this example:
457
458 * In **The Things Stack Sandbox**, go to the **Application **for the LWL02 you added.
459 * Select **MQTT** under **Integrations** in the left menu.
460 * In the **Connection information **section, under **Connection credentials**, The Things Stack displays an auto-generated **username**. You can use it or provide a new one.
461 * Click the **Generate new API key** button to generate a password. You can view it by clicking on the **visibility toggle/eye** icon. The API key works as the password.
462
463 {{info}}
464 The username and  password (API key) you created here are required in the next section.
465 {{/info}}
466
467 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/tts-mqtt-integration.png?rev=1.1||alt="tts-mqtt-integration.png"]]
468
469
470 ==== 4.5.1.2 Configuring ThingsEye.io ====
471
472
473 The ThingsEye.io IoT platform is not open for self-registration at the moment. If you are interested in testing the platform, please send your project information to [[admin@thingseye.io>>mailto:admin@thingseye.io]], and we will create an account for you.
474
475 * Login to your [[ThingsEye.io >>url:https://thingseye.io]]account.
476 * Under the **Integrations center**, click **Integrations**.
477 * Click the **Add integration** button (the button with the **+** symbol)
478
479 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-1.png?rev=1.2||alt="thingseye-io-step-1.png" height="804" width="1287"]]
480
481
482 On the **Add integration** window, configure the following:
483
484 **Basic settings:**
485
486 * Select **The Things Stack Community** from the **Integration type** list.
487 * Enter a suitable name for your integration in the **Name **text** **box or keep the default name.
488 * Ensure the following options are turned on.
489 ** Enable integration
490 ** Debug mode
491 ** Allow creating devices or assets
492 * Click the **Next** button. you will be navigated to the **Uplink data converter** tab.
493
494 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="thingseye-io-step-2.png" height="825" width="1321"]]
495
496
497 **Uplink data converter:**
498
499 * Click the **Create new** button if it is not selected by default.
500 * Enter a suitable name for the uplink data converter in the **Name **text** **box or keep the default name.
501 * Click the **JavaScript** button.
502 * Paste the uplink decoder function into the text area (first, delete the default code). The demo uplink decoder function can be found [[here>>url:https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ThingsEye-io/te-platform/refs/heads/main/Data%20Converters/The_Things_Network_MQTT_Uplink_Converter.js]].
503 * Click the **Next** button. You will be navigated to the **Downlink data converter **tab.
504
505 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="thingseye-io-step-3.png" height="841" width="1346"]]
506
507
508 **Downlink data converter (this is an optional step):**
509
510 * Click the **Create new** button if it is not selected by default.
511 * Enter a suitable name for the downlink data converter in the **Name **text** **box or keep the default name.
512 * Click the **JavaScript** button.
513 * Paste the downlink decoder function into the text area (first, delete the default code). The demo downlink decoder function can be found [[here>>url:https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ThingsEye-io/te-platform/refs/heads/main/Data%20Converters/The_Things_Network_MQTT_Downlink_Converter.js]].
514 * Click the **Next** button. You will be navigated to the **Connection** tab.
515
516 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="thingseye-io-step-4.png" height="841" width="1346"]]
517
518
519 **Connection:**
520
521 * Choose **Region** from the **Host type**.
522 * Enter the **cluster** of your **The Things Stack** in the **Region** textbox. You can find the cluster in the url (e.g., https:~/~/**eu1**.cloud.thethings.network/...).
523 * Enter the **Username** and **Password** of the MQTT integration in the **Credentials** section. The **username **and **password **can be found on the MQTT integration page of your The Things Stack account (see **4.5.1.1 Configuring The Things Stack**).
524 * Click the **Check connection** button to test the connection. If the connection is successful, you will see the message saying **Connected**.
525
526 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/message-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="message-1.png"]]
527
528
529
530 * Click the **Add** button.
531
532 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="thingseye-io-step-5.png" height="842" width="1348"]]
533
534
535 Your integration has been added to the** Integrations** list and will be displayed on the **Integrations** page. Check whether the status is shown as **Active**. If not, review your configuration settings and correct any errors.
536
537
538 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye.io_integrationsCenter_integrations.png?rev=1.2||alt="thingseye.io_integrationsCenter_integrations.png" height="928" width="1352"]]
539
540
541 ==== 4.5.1.3 Viewing integration details ====
542
543 Click on your integration from the list. The **Integration details** window will appear with the **Details **tab selected. The **Details **tab shows all the settings you have provided for this integration.
544
545
546 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/integration-details.png?rev=1.1||alt="integration-details.png" height="928" width="1352"]]
547
548
549 If you want to edit the settings you have provided, click on the **Toggle edit mode** button. Once you have done click on the **Apply changes **button.
550
551 {{info}}
552 See also [[ThingsEye documentation>>url:https://wiki.thingseye.io/xwiki/bin/view/Main/]].
553 {{/info}}
554
555
556 ==== 4.5.1.4 Viewing events ====
557
558 The **Events **tab displays all the uplink messages from the LWL02.
559
560 * Select **Debug **from the **Event type** dropdown.
561 * Select the** time frame** from the **time window**.
562
563 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-events.png?rev=1.1||alt="thingseye-events.png" height="931" width="1357"]]
564
565
566 * To view the **JSON payload** of a message, click on the **three dots (...)** in the **Message** column of the desired message.
567
568 [image coming soon]
569
570
571 ==== 4.5.1.5 Deleting an integration ====
572
573
574 If you want to delete an integration, click the **Delete integration** button on the Integrations page.
575
576
577 ==== 4.5.1.6 Viewing sensor data on a dashboard ====
578
579
580 You can create a dashboard with ThingsEye to visualize the sensor data coming from the LWL02. The following image shows a dashboard created for the LWL02. See **Creating a dashboard** in ThingsEye documentation for more information.
581
582 [[image:Screenshot 2025-01-28 at 20.40.24.png||height="710" width="1344"]]
583
584
585 == 4.5.2 Integrate with Datacake ==
586
587
588 Datacake is a multi-purpose, low-code IoT platform that allows you to integrate sensor data for visualization and analysis. With The Things Stack, you can easily create an integration with Datacake to forward your sensor data to the Datacake IoT platform.
589
590
591 === 4.5.2.1 Prerequisites ===
592
593
594 * The LWL02 device is joined to The Things Stack.
595 * Uplinks from the LWL02 device are being received by The Things Stack.
596 * A Datacake account (a free account is sufficient for this example).
597
598 === 4.5.2.2 Procedure ===
599
600
601 * In the Datacake workspace, on the left navigation, click **Account Settings**.
602 * Then click **API Token**.
603 * In the **API Token** tab, click the **Copy** button to copy the API token. You will need this API token when creating a webhook with The Things Stack.
604
605 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="datacake-1.png" height="847" width="1356"]]
606
607
608
609 To configure the Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. To add the Datacake integration, perform the following steps:
610
611 * In The Things Stack console, on the left navigation,
612 ** First select your **application** (**Applications -> <your application>**)
613 ** Then select **Integrations -> Webhooks**
614 * On the **Webhooks** page, click + **Add Webhook** button.
615
616 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/tts-webhook-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="tts-webhook-1.png" height="844" width="1351"]]
617
618
619 * On the **Choose webhook template** page, select **Datacake**.
620
621 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/tts-webhook-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="tts-webhook-2.png" height="847" width="1356"]]
622
623
624 * On the Setup webhook for Datacake page,
625 ** **Webhook ID**: provide an unique identifier for this webhook
626 ** **Token**: Paste the **Datacake API Token** when you copied from the Datacake **Account Settings**.
627 * Click on the **Create Datacake webhook** button.
628
629 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/tts-webhook-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="tts-webhook-3.png" height="846" width="1354"]]
630
631
632 Now the Webhook is created and displayed on the **Webhooks** page.
633
634
635 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/tts-webhook-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="tts-webhook-4.png" height="835" width="1337"]]
636
637
638 * In the Datacake workspace, on the left navigation, click **Devices**.
639 * On the Devices page, click **+Add Device**.
640
641 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="datacake-2.png" height="841" width="1346"]]
642
643
644 * On the **Add Device** window, click **LoRaWAN** option.
645 * Click on the **Next** button.
646
647 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="datacake-3.png" height="848" width="1358"]]
648
649
650 * On the **Add LoRaWAN Device** window, **STEP 1**, click on **New Product from template** option.
651 * Under **Device Template**, search **lwl02**. Then click on **Dragino LWL02 Water leakage** option.
652 * Click on the **Next** button.
653
654 [[image:lwl02-dk-1.png||height="841" width="1346"]]
655
656
657 * On the **Add LoRaWAN Device** window, **STEP 2**, under **Network Server**, click on **The Things Stack V3** option.
658 * Click on the **Next** button.
659
660 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="datacake-5.png" height="847" width="1356"]]
661
662
663 * On the **Add LoRaWAN Device** window, **STEP 3**, under **Add Devices**, click **Manual** tab.
664 * In the **DEVEUI** textbox, enter your LWL02's 8 bytes **DevEUI**.
665 * In the **NAME** textbox, enter a suitable name to identify your LWL02.
666 * Click on the **Next** button.
667
668 [[image:lwl02-dk-2.png||height="848" width="1358"]]
669
670
671 * On the **Add LoRaWAN Device** window, **STEP 4**, select **Individual device plans** tab.
672 * Click **Free** option.
673 * Click on the **Add 1 Device** button.
674
675 [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-7.png?rev=1.1||alt="datacake-7.png" height="843" width="1350"]]
676
677
678
679
680 * The device is now added to the Datacake workspace and is ready to receive uplinks from the LWL02 via The Things Stack.
681 * In the **DEVICE** column, click **lwl02**.
682
683 [[image:lwl02-dk-3.png||height="846" width="1354"]]
684
685
686 You can see the **pre-built dashboard** from our template, displaying the LWL02's sensor data on various **widgets**.
687
688
689 [[image:lwl02-dk-4.png||height="845" width="1353"]]
690
691
692
693
694 == 4.6 Alarm Based on Timeout ==
695
696
697 (((
698 The LWL02 can monitor the timeout for a status change. This feature can be used to monitor events, such as the duration of water leakage, and more.
699
700 (% style="color:red" %)**(This command is specifically applicable to LDS02. For the LWL02, this command can only enable the alarm, but the alarm time is fixed at 10 minutes)**
701 )))
702
703 (((
704 You can configure this feature using the following:
705 )))
706
707 (((
708
709 )))
710
711 (((
712 **AT Command Configuration:**
713
714 * (% style="color:red" %)**AT+TTRIG=1,30**(%%) ~-~-> When the status changes from "**close**" to "**open**," the LWL02 remains in the "**open**" status for more than 30 seconds. Then it will send an uplink packet. The alarm bit (the lowest bit of the 10th byte of the payload) in this uplink packet is set to 1.
715 * (% style="color:red" %)**AT+TTRIG=0,0**(%%) ~-~-> Default value, disables the timeout alarm.
716
717
718 )))
719
720 (((
721 **Downlink Command Configuration:**
722
723 **Command**: 0xA9 AA BB CC
724
725 * **0xA9**: Type Code
726 * **AA**: Status to be monitored
727 * **BB CC**: Timeout
728
729 If you send **0xA9 01 00 1E**, it is equivalent to **AT+TTRIG=1,30**.
730
731 Or, if you send** 0xA9 00 00 00**, it is equivalent to **AT+TTRIG=0,0** (disables the timeout alarm).
732 )))
733
734 (((
735
736 )))
737
738 = 5. Battery =
739
740
741 The LWL02 is equipped with 2 AAA LR03 batteries.
742
743
744 == 5.1 Replacing Batteries ==
745
746
747 (((
748 The LWL02 is equipped with 2 x AAA LR03 batteries. If the batteries are running low (showing 2.1V on the platform), the user can buy generic AAA batteries and replace them.
749
750 **Note:**
751
752 1. The LWL02 doesn’t have any screws; you can use a nail to open it from the middle.
753 1. Make sure the direction is correct when installing the AAA batteries.
754
755 **Important Note: **Ensure you use new AAA LR03 batteries, and that the battery surfaces are not damaged.
756
757
758 Example of AAA LR03 battery:
759 )))
760
761 [[image:1654675278044-307.png]]
762
763
764 == 5.2 Power Consumption Analysis ==
765
766
767 (((
768 Dragino battery-powered products all run in Low Power mode. You can refer to the guidelines from this [[**link**>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Guide.pdf]] to estimate battery life.
769
770
771 )))
772
773 = 6. Use AT Commands =
774
775 == 6.1 Access AT Commands ==
776
777
778 The LWL02 supports an AT command set. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to configure the LWL02 via AT commands, as shown below.
779
780 [[image:image-20221226104917-1.png||height="557" width="850"]]
781
782
783 (((
784 On the PC, the user needs to set the **serial tool** (such as [[PuTTY>>url:https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/latest.html]] or SecureCRT) baud rate to **115200** to access the serial console of the LWL02. Below is the output for reference:
785 )))
786
787 (((
788 The AT command access password is (% style="color:red" %)**123456**.
789 )))
790
791 [[image:1654675618022-630.png]]
792
793
794 (((
795 Each AT command needs to have an **ENTER** key pressed at the end before sending.
796
797 When entering the first command, the **RED LED** will turn on, and the user can now input AT commands. After entering all the required AT commands, input **AT+CLPM=1** to set the device to Low Power mode, and the **RED LED** will turn off.
798
799 More details can be found in the [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDS01/]].
800 )))
801
802 (((
803 [[url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDS01/]]
804 )))
805
806
807 = 7. FAQ =
808
809 == 7.1 How to upgrade the image? ==
810
811
812 You can upgrade the LWL02 for bug fixes, new features, or to change the working region. The upgrade instructions are here: [[LDS02/LWL02 Update method>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/#H7.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F]].
813
814
815 == 7.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
816
817
818 If you have the US915 frequency and want to change it to the AS923 frequency, you can follow the instructions for upgrading the image in [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H7.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]] section. When downloading the image, select the required file.
819
820
821 == 7.3 Can I disable uplinks for each event to save battery life? ==
822
823
824 Yes, you can use one of the method below:
825
826 **Via AT Command**:
827
828 **AT+DISALARM=1** : The end node will only send packets during the TDC time.
829
830 **AT+DISALARM=0** : The end node will send packets either during the TDC time or when there is a status change in the door sensor.
831
832
833 **Via LoRaWAN downlink Command**:
834
835 **0xA701** : Equivalent to AT+DISALARM=1
836
837 **0xA700** : Equivalent to AT+DISALARM=0
838
839
840 == 7.4 How can I change the Subband for LWL02? ==
841
842
843 **Before v1.6 firmware:**
844 LWL02 operates in Subband 2 by default in the AU915/US915 band. If the LoRaWAN server operates on another subband, LWL02 may have trouble joining the server. In this case, the user can use the AT command to change the subband. See the AT Command chapter for hardware connection details. Below are the steps to change the subband:
845
846 1. Press the reset button.
847 1. Send the password **123456**.
848 1. Send the command: **AT+CFREQBANDMASK=0006** (use 0001 for Subband 1, 0002 for Subband 2, etc.).
849 1. Press the reset button to restart and switch to the new subband.
850
851 Example output:
852
853 (% class="mark small" %)[3369]DRAGINO LWL01 Device
854 [3370]Frequency Band: US915 v1.5
855 [3373]OTAA
856 [3374]DevEui= 7896785455246354
857 [3377]class type A
858 [3379]freq mode intra(%%)
859 (% class="mark mark small small" %)[3381]**scan chn mask 0x0002   ~-~-> use subband 2**
860
861 (% class="mark small" %)LM502:~~# [10793]txDone
862 123456       ~-~-> ENTER PASSWORD
863 Correct Password
864
865 (% class="mark small" %)[105115]rxTimeOut
866 **AT+CFREQBANDMASK=0001   ~-~-> Change to Subband1**
867 OK
868
869 (% class="mark small" %)[3371]DRAGINO LWL01 Device
870 [3373]Frequency Band: US915 v1.5
871 [3376]OTAA
872 [3377]DevEui= 7896785455246354
873 [3380]class type A
874 [3382]freq mode intra
875 [3384]**scan chn mask 0x0001  ~-~-> reboot and works on Subband1 now**
876
877
878 **Since firmware v1.6:**
879
880 LWL02 works with the channel mask 0x0000, which covers all subbands. Therefore, there is no need to use AT commands to change the subband, and it will work for every subband.
881
882
883 == 7.5 My sensor worked for Helium AU915 before, but now it doesn't work. Why? ==
884
885
886 This is a sub-band issue. See chapter 7.4. Helium changed the sub-band for AU915 from subband 2 to subband 6, which caused the sensor to stop working.
887
888
889 == 7.6 Why do I see different working temperatures for the device? ==
890
891
892 The working temperature range of the device depends on the battery the user chooses.
893
894 * A standard AAA battery can support a working range of -10°C to 50°C.
895 * A special AAA battery can support a working range of -40°C to 60°C. For example, [[Energizer L92>>url:https://data.energizer.com/pdfs/l92.pdf]][[url:https://data.energizer.com/pdfs/l92.pdf]]
896
897 = 8. Ordering Information =
898
899
900 **Part Number: (% style="color:blue" %)LWL02-XXX(%%)**
901
902 (% style="color:blue" %)**XXX:**
903
904 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): frequency  bands EU433
905 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): frequency  bands EU868
906 * (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): frequency  bands KR920
907 * (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): frequency bands CN470
908 * (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): frequency  bands AS923
909 * (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): frequency bands AU915
910 * (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): frequency bands  US915
911 * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  frequency bands  IN865
912
913 = 9. Packaging Information =
914
915
916 **Package Includes**:
917
918 * LWL02 x 1
919
920 = 10. Support =
921
922
923 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different time zones, we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible during the aforementioned hours.
924 * Please provide as much information as possible regarding your inquiry (e.g., product models, a detailed description of the problem, and steps to replicate it), and send an email to  [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].