Dragino LoRaWAN Weather Station User Manual

Dragino LoRaWAN weather station series products are designed for measuring atmospheric conditions to provide information for weather forecasts and to study the (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**weather and climate**(%%). They consist of a (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**main process device (WSC1-L) and various sensors**.

25

)))

26

27

(((

28

The sensors include various type such as: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Rain Gauge**, **Temperature/Humidity/Pressure sensor**, **Wind Speed/direction sensor**, **Illumination sensor**, **CO2 sensor**, **Rain/Snow sensor**,** PM2.5/10 sensor**, **PAR(Photosynthetically Available Radiation) sensor, Total Solar Radiation sensor**(%%) and so on.

)))

(((

Main process device WSC1-L is an outdoor LoRaWAN RS485 end node. It is powered by external (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**12v solar power**(%%) and have a (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**built-in li-on backup battery**(%%). WSC1-L reads value from various sensors and upload these sensor data to IoT server via LoRaWAN wireless protocol.

)))

(((

WSC1-L is full compatible with(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** LoRaWAN Class C protocol**(%%), it can work with standard LoRaWAN gateway.

)))

= 2. How to use =

== 2.1 Installation ==

44

45

Below is an installation example for the weather station. Field installation example can be found at [[Appendix I: Field Installation Photo.>>||anchor="H11.AppendixI:FieldInstallationPhoto"]]

46

47

[[image:1656041948552-849.png]]

48

49

50

(% style="color:blue" %)** Wiring:**

51

52

~1. WSC1-L and sensors all powered by solar power via MPPT

53

54

2. WSC1-L and sensors connect to each other via RS485/Modbus.

55

56

3. WSC1-L read value from each sensor and send uplink via LoRaWAN

57

58

59

WSC1-L is shipped with a RS485 converter board, for the easy connection to different sensors and WSC1-L. Below is a connection photo:

60

61

[[image:1656042136605-251.png]]

62

63

64

(% style="color:red" %) ** Notice 1:**

65

66

* All weather sensors and WSC1-L are powered by MPPT solar recharge controller. MPPT is connected to solar panel and storage battery.

67

* WSC1-L has an extra 1000mAh back up battery. So it can work even solar panel and storage battery Fails.

68

* Weather sensors won’t work if solar panel and storage battery fails.

69

70

71

(% style="color:red" %)** Notice 2:**

72

73

Due to shipment and importation limitation, user is better to purchase below parts locally:

* Solar Panel

* Storage Battery

* MPPT Solar Recharger

78

* Mounting Kit includes pole and mast assembly. Each weather sensor has it’s own mounting assembly, user can check the sensor section in this manual.

* Cabinet.

== 2.2 How it works? ==

86

87

(((

88

Each WSC1-L is shipped with a worldwide unique set of OTAA keys. To use WSC1-L in a LoRaWAN network, user needs to input the OTAA keys in LoRaWAN network server. After finish installation as above. Create WSC1-L in your LoRaWAN server and Power on WSC1-L , it can join the LoRaWAN network and start to transmit sensor data. The default period for each uplink is 20 minutes.

)))

Open WSC1-L and put the yellow jumper as below position to power on WSC1-L.

93

94

[[image:1656042192857-709.png]]

95

96

97

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice:**

98

99

1. WSC1-L will auto scan available weather sensors when power on or reboot.

100

1. User can send a downlink command to WSC1-L to do a re-scan on the available sensors.

== 2.3 Example to use for LoRaWAN network ==

107

108

This section shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN IoT server. Usages with other LoRaWAN IoT servers are of similar procedure.

109

110

111

[[image:1656042612899-422.png]]

Assume the DLOS8 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. We need to add the WSC1-L device in TTN V3:

116

117

118

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from WSC1-L.

119

120

Each WSC1-L is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:

121

122

[[image:image-20220624115043-1.jpeg]]

123

124

125

User can enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:

126

127

**Add APP EUI in the application.**

128

129

[[image:1656042662694-311.png]]

130

131

[[image:1656042673910-429.png]]

**Choose Manually to add WSC1-L**

137

138

[[image:1656042695755-103.png]]

**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**

143

144

[[image:1656042723199-746.png]]

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on WSC1-L, it will start to join TTN server. After join success, it will start to upload sensor data to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.

149

150

151

[[image:1656042745346-283.png]]

== 2.4 Uplink Payload ==

156

157

Uplink payloads include two types: Valid Sensor Value and other status / control command.

158

159

* Valid Sensor Value: Use FPORT=2

160

* Other control command: Use FPORT other than 2.

161

162

=== 2.4.1 Uplink FPORT~=5, Device Status ===

163

164

Uplink the device configures with FPORT=5. Once WSC1-L Joined the network, it will uplink this message to the server. After first uplink, WSC1-L will uplink Device Status every 12 hours

(((

User can also use downlink command(0x2301) to ask WSC1-L to resend this uplink

169

)))

170

171

(% border="1" cellspacing="8" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:500px" %)

172

173

|(% style="width:99px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:112px" %)[[Sensor Model>>||anchor="HSensorModel:"]]|(% style="width:135px" %)[[Firmware Version>>||anchor="HFirmwareVersion:"]]|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Frequency Band>>||anchor="HFrequencyBand:"]]|(% style="width:85px" %)[[Sub-band>>||anchor="HSub-Band:"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="HBAT:"]]|(% style="width:166px" %)[[Weather Sensor Types>>||anchor="HWeatherSensorTypes:"]]

174

175

[[image:1656043061044-343.png]]

176

177

178

Example Payload (FPort=5): [[image:image-20220624101005-1.png]]

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Model:**(%%) ====

183

184

For WSC1-L, this value is 0x0D.

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Firmware Version:**(%%) ====

189

190

0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version.

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band:**(%%) ====

*0x01: EU868

*0x02: US915

*0x03: IN865

*0x04: AU915

*0x05: KZ865

*0x06: RU864

*0x07: AS923

*0x08: AS923-1

*0x09: AS923-2

*0x0a: AS923-3

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sub-Band:**(%%) ====

219

220

value 0x00 ~~ 0x08(only for CN470, AU915,US915. Others are0x00)

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT:**(%%) ====

225

226

shows the battery voltage for WSC1-L MCU.

227

228

Ex1: 0x0BD6/1000 = 3.03 V

==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Weather Sensor Types:**(%%) ====

233

234

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:100px" %)

235

|Byte3|Byte2|Byte1

236

237

Bit = 1 means this sensor is connected, Bit=0 means this sensor is not connected

238

239

[[image:image-20220624134713-1.png]]

240

241

242

Eg: 0x1000FE = 1 0000 0000 0000 1111 1110(b)

243

244

External sensors detected by WSC1-L include :

custom sensor A1,

PAR sensor (WSS-07),

Total Solar Radiation sensor (WSS-06),

251

252

CO2/PM2.5/PM10 (WSS-03),

253

254

Wind Speed/Direction (WSS-02)

255

256

257

User can also use downlink command(0x26 01) to ask WSC1-L to resend this uplink :

258

259

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:0x26 01**

260

261

[[image:1656049673488-415.png]]

=== 2.4.2 Uplink FPORT~=2, Real time sensor value ===

266

267

(((

268

WSC1-L will send this uplink after Device Config uplink once join LoRaWAN network successfully. And it will periodically send this uplink. Default interval is 20 minutes and [[can be changed>>||anchor="H3.1SetTransmitIntervalTime"]].

)))

(((

Uplink uses FPORT=2 and every 20 minutes send one uplink by default.

)))

(((

The upload length is dynamic, depends on what type of weather sensors are connected. The uplink payload is combined with sensor segments. As below:

)))

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Uplink Payload**:

282

283

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:464px" %)

284

|(% style="width:140px" %)Sensor Segment 1|(% style="width:139px" %)Sensor Segment 2|(% style="width:42px" %)……|(% style="width:140px" %)Sensor Segment n

285

286

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Sensor Segment Define**:

287

288

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:330px" %)

289

|(% style="width:89px" %)Type Code|(% style="width:114px" %)Length (Bytes)|(% style="width:124px" %)Measured Value

290

291

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Sensor Type Table:**

292

293

[[image:image-20220624140352-2.png]]

294

295

296

Below is an example payload: [[image:image-20220624140615-3.png]]

297

298

299

When sending this payload to LoRaWAN server. WSC1-L will send this in one uplink or several uplinks according to LoRaWAN spec requirement. For example, total length of Payload is 54 bytes.

300

301

* When WSC1-L sending in US915 frequency DR0 data rate. Because this data rate has limitation of 11 bytes payload for each uplink. The payload will be split into below packets and uplink.

302

303

Uplink 1: [[image:image-20220624140735-4.png]]

304

305

Uplink 2: [[image:image-20220624140842-5.png]]

306

307

308

* When WSC1-L sending in EU868 frequency DR0 data rate. The payload will be split into below packets and uplink:

309

310

Uplink 1: [[image:image-20220624141025-6.png]]

311

312

Uplink 2: [[image:image-20220624141100-7.png]]

=== 2.4.3 Decoder in TTN V3 ===

318

319

In LoRaWAN platform, user only see HEX payload by default, user needs to use payload formatters to decode the payload to see human-readable value.

320

321

322

Download decoder for suitable platform from:

323

324

[[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Weather_Station/WSC1-L/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Weather_Station/WSC1-L/]]

and put as below:

[[image:1656051152438-578.png]]

== 2.5 Show data on Application Server ==

333

334

Application platform provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have sensor data in TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are the steps:

335

336

337

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the LoRaWAN network.

338

339

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Configure your Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. Go to TTN V3 Console ~-~-> Applications ~-~-> Integrations ~-~-> Add Integrations.

340

341

[[image:1656051197172-131.png]]

**Add TagoIO:**

[[image:1656051223585-631.png]]

**Authorization:**

[[image:1656051248318-368.png]]

352

353

354

In TagoIO console ([[https:~~/~~/admin.tago.io~~/~~/>>url:https://datacake.co/]]) , add WSC1-L:

355

356

[[image:1656051277767-168.png]]

= 3. Configure WSC1-L via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink =

361

362

Use can configure WSC1-L via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.

363

364

* AT Command Connection: See [[FAQ>>||anchor="H7.FAQ"]].

365

* LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms: [[Use Note for Server>>doc:Main.WebHome]](IoT LoRaWAN Server)

366

367

There are two kinds of commands to configure WSC1-L, they are:

368

369

* (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**General Commands**.

370

371

These commands are to configure:

372

373

* General system settings like: uplink interval.

374

* LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.

375

376

They are same for all Dragino Device which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack((% style="color:red" %)Note~*~*)(%%). These commands can be found on the wiki: [[End Device Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]

377

378

(% style="color:red" %)Note~*~*: Please check early user manual if you don’t have v1.8.0 firmware.

379

380

381

* (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Commands special design for WSC1-L**

382

383

These commands only valid for WSC1-L, as below:

== 3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time ==

391

392

Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.

393

394

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: AT+TDC**

395

396

[[image:image-20220624142619-8.png]]

397

398

399

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: 0x01**

400

401

Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.

402

403

If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.

404

405

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds

406

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds

== 3.2 Set Emergency Mode ==

413

414

Feature: In emergency mode, WSC1-L will uplink data every 1 minute.

415

416

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

417

418

[[image:image-20220624142956-9.png]]

419

420

421

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

422

423

* 0xE101 Same as: AT+ALARMMOD=1

424

* 0xE100 Same as: AT+ALARMMOD=0

== 3.3 Add or Delete RS485 Sensor ==

431

432

Feature: User can add or delete 3^^rd^^ party sensor as long they are RS485/Modbus interface,baud rate support 9600.Maximum can add 4 sensors.

433

434

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: **

435

436

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DYSENSOR=Type_Code, Query_Length, Query_Command , Read_Length , Valid_Data ,has_CRC,timeout**

437

438

* Type_Code range: A1 ~~ A4

439

* Query_Length: RS485 Query frame length, Value cannot be greater than 10

440

* Query_Command: RS485 Query frame data to be sent to sensor, cannot be larger than 10 bytes

441

* Read_Length: RS485 response frame length supposed to receive. Max can receive

442

* Valid_Data: valid data from RS485 Response, Valid Data will be added to Payload and upload via LoRaWAN.

443

* has_CRC: RS485 Response crc check (0: no verification required 1: verification required). If CRC=1 and CRC error, valid data will be set to 0.

444

* timeout: RS485 receive timeout (uint:ms). Device will close receive window after timeout

**Example:**

User need to change external sensor use the type code as address code.

449

450

With a 485 sensor, after correctly changing the address code to A1, the RS485 query frame is shown in the following table:

451

452

[[image:image-20220624143553-10.png]]

453

454

455

The response frame of the sensor is as follows:

456

457

[[image:image-20220624143618-11.png]]

**Then the following parameters should be:**

462

463

* Address_Code range: A1

464

* Query_Length: 8

465

* Query_Command: A103000000019CAA

466

* Read_Length: 8

467

* Valid_Data: 24 (Indicates that the data length is 2 bytes, starting from the 4th byte)

468

* has_CRC: 1

469

* timeout: 1500 (Fill in the test according to the actual situation)

470

471

472

**So the input command is:**

473

474

AT+DYSENSOR=A1,8,A103000000019CAA,8,24,1,1500

475

476

477

In every sampling. WSC1-L will auto append the sensor segment as per this structure and uplink.

478

479

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:351px" %)

480

|=(% style="width: 94px;" %)Type Code|=(% style="width: 121px;" %)Length (Bytes)|=(% style="width: 132px;" %)Measured Value

481

|(% style="width:94px" %)A1|(% style="width:121px" %)2|(% style="width:132px" %)0x000A

482

483

**Related commands:**

484

485

AT+DYSENSOR=A1,0 ~-~-> Delete 3^^rd^^ party sensor A1.

486

487

AT+DYSENSOR ~-~-> List All 3^^rd^^ Party Sensor. Like below:

488

489

490

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: **

491

492

**delete custom sensor A1:**

493

494

* 0xE5A1 Same as: AT+DYSENSOR=A1,0

495

496

**Remove all custom sensors**

* 0xE5FF

== 3.4 RS485 Test Command ==

505

506

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

507

508

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:474px" %)

509

|=(% style="width: 159px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 227px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 85px;" %)**Response**

510

|(% style="width:159px" %)AT+RSWRITE=xxxxxx|(% style="width:227px" %)(((

511

Send command to 485 sensor

512

513

Range : no more than 10 bytes

514

)))|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

515

516

Eg: Send command **01 03 00 00 00 01 84 0A** to 485 sensor

517

518

AT+RSWRITE=0103000001840A

519

520

521

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

522

523

* 0xE20103000001840A Same as: AT+RSWRITE=0103000001840A

== 3.5 RS485 response timeout ==

530

531

Feature: Set or get extended time to receive 485 sensor data.

532

533

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

534

535

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:433px" %)

536

|=(% style="width: 157px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 188px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 85px;" %)**Response**

537

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+DTR=1000|(% style="width:188px" %)(((

538

Set response timeout to:

539

540

Range : 0~~10000

541

)))|(% style="width:85px" %)OK

542

543

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

544

545

Format: Command Code (0xE0) followed by 3 bytes time value.

546

547

If the downlink payload=E0000005, it means set the END Node’s Transmit Interval to 0x000005=5(S), while type code is E0.

548

549

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: E0000005 ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (DTR) = 5 seconds

550

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: E000000A ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (DTR) = 10 seconds

== 3.6 Set Sensor Type ==

557

558

Feature: Set sensor in used. If there are 6 sensors, user can set to only send 5 sensors values.

559

560

See [[definition>>||anchor="HWeatherSensorTypes:"]] for the sensor type.

561

562

[[image:image-20220624144904-12.png]]

563

564

565

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

566

567

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:377px" %)

568

|=(% style="width: 157px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 130px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 87px;" %)**Response**

569

|(% style="width:157px" %)AT+STYPE=80221|(% style="width:130px" %)Set sensor types|(% style="width:87px" %)OK

570

571

Eg: The setting command **AT+STYPE=802212** means:

572

573

(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:495px" %)

So wsc1-L will upload the following data: Custom Sensor A1, Rain Gauge,CO2,BAT.

582

583

584

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:**

585

586

* 0xE400802212 Same as: AT+STYPE=80221

587

588

(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**

589

590

~1. The sensor type will not be saved to flash, and the value will be updated every time the sensor is restarted or rescanned.

= 4. Power consumption and battery =

596

597

== 4.1 Total Power Consumption ==

598

599

Dragino Weather Station serial products include the main process unit ( WSC1-L ) and various sensors. The total power consumption equal total power of all above units. The power consumption for main process unit WSC1-L is 18ma @ 12v. and the power consumption of each sensor can be found on the Sensors chapter.

600

601

602

== 4.2 Reduce power consumption ==

603

604

The main process unit WSC1-L is set to LoRaWAN Class C by default. If user want to reduce the power consumption of this unit, user can set it to run in Class A. In Class A mode, WSC1-L will not be to get real-time downlink command from IoT Server.

== 4.3 Battery ==

(((

All sensors are only power by external power source. If external power source is off. All sensor won't work.

)))

(((

Main Process Unit WSC1-L is powered by both external power source and internal 1000mAh rechargeable battery. If external power source is off, WSC1-L still runs and can send periodically uplinks, but the sensors value will become invalid. External power source can recharge the 1000mAh rechargeable battery.

)))

= 5. Main Process Unit WSC1-L =

== 5.1 Features ==

* Wall Attachable.

* LoRaWAN v1.0.3 Class A protocol.

624

* RS485 / Modbus protocol

625

* Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915

626

* AT Commands to change parameters

627

* Remote configure parameters via LoRaWAN Downlink

628

* Firmware upgradable via program port

629

* Powered by external 12v battery

630

* Back up rechargeable 1000mAh battery

631

* IP Rating: IP65

632

* Support default sensors or 3rd party RS485 sensors

633

634

== 5.2 Power Consumption ==

635

636

WSC1-L (without external sensor): Idle: 4mA, Transmit: max 40mA

637

638

639

== 5.3 Storage & Operation Temperature ==

-20°C to +60°C

== 5.4 Pin Mapping ==

645

646

[[image:1656054149793-239.png]]

== 5.5 Mechanical ==

Refer LSn50v2 enclosure drawing in: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Mechanical_Drawing/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Mechanical_Drawing/]]

652

653

654

== 5.6 Connect to RS485 Sensors ==

655

656

WSC1-L includes a RS485 converter PCB. Which help it easy to connect multiply RS485 sensors. Below is the photo for reference.

657

658

659

[[image:1656054389031-379.png]]

660

661

662

Hardware Design for the Converter Board please see:

663

664

[[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Weather_Station/RS485_Converter_Board/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Weather_Station/RS485_Converter_Board/]]

665

666

667

= 6. Weather Sensors =

668

669

== 6.1 Rain Gauge ~-~- WSS-01 ==

(((

WSS-01 RS485 Rain Gauge is used in meteorology and hydrology to gather and measure the amount of liquid precipitation (mainly rainfall) over an area.

)))

(((

WSS-01 uses a tipping bucket to detect rainfall. The tipping bucket use 3D streamline shape to make sure it works smoothly and is easy to clean.

)))

(((

WSS-01 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-01 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the rainfall to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol

)))

(((

The tipping bucket of WSS-01 is adjusted to the best angle. When installation, user only needs to screw up and adjust the bottom horizontally.

)))

(((

WSS-01 package includes screw which can be installed to ground. If user want to install WSS-01 on pole, they can purchase WS-K2 bracket kit.

)))

=== 6.1.1 Feature ===

694

695

* RS485 Rain Gauge

696

* Small dimension, easy to install

697

* Vents under funnel, avoid leaf or other things to avoid rain flow.

698

* ABS enclosure.

699

* Horizontal adjustable.

=== 6.1.2 Specification ===

* Resolution: 0.2mm

* Accuracy: ±3%

* Rainfall strength: 0mm～4mm/min (max 8mm/min)

708

* Input Power: DC 5~~24v

709

* Interface: RS485

710

* Working Temperature: 0℃～70℃ ( incorrect below 0 degree, because water become ICE)

711

* Working Humidity: <100% (no dewing)

712

* Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v.

=== 6.1.3 Dimension ===

717

718

[[image:1656054957406-980.png]]

719

720

721

=== 6.1.4 Pin Mapping ===

722

723

[[image:1656054972828-692.png]]

724

725

726

=== 6.1.5 Installation Notice ===

727

728

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

729

730

Installation Photo as reference:

731

732

733

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Install on Ground:**

734

735

WSS-01 Rain Gauge include screws so can install in ground directly .

736

737

738

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Install on pole:**

739

740

If user want to install on pole, they can purchase the (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** WS-K2 : Bracket Kit for Pole installation**(%%), and install as below:

741

742

[[image:image-20220624152218-1.png||height="526" width="276"]]

743

744

WS-K2: Bracket Kit for Pole installation

745

746

747

WSSC-K2 dimension document, please see:

748

749

[[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Weather_Station/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Weather_Station/]]

750

751

752

== 6.2 Wind Speed/Direction ~-~- WSS-02 ==

753

754

[[image:1656055444035-179.png]]

755

756

(((

757

WSS-02 is a RS485 wind speed and wind direction monitor designed for weather station solution.

)))

(((

WSS-02 shell is made of polycarbonate composite material, which has good anti-corrosion and anti-corrosion characteristics, and ensure the long-term use of the sensor without rust. At the same time, it cooperates with the internal smooth bearing system to ensure the stability of information collection

)))

(((

Users only need to connect WSS-02 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the wind speed and direction to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.2.1 Feature ===

770

771

* RS485 wind speed / direction sensor

772

* PC enclosure, resist corrosion

=== 6.2.2 Specification ===

777

778

* Wind speed range: 0 ~~ 30m/s, (always show 30m/s for higher speed)

779

* Wind direction range: 0 ~~ 360°

780

* Start wind speed: ≤0.3m/s

781

* Accuracy: ±（0.3＋0.03V）m/s , ±1°

782

* Input Power: DC 5~~24v

783

* Interface: RS485

784

* Working Temperature: -30℃～70℃

785

* Working Humidity: <100% (no dewing)

786

* Power Consumption: 13mA ~~ 12v.

787

* Cable Length: 2 meters

=== 6.2.3 Dimension ===

792

793

[[image:image-20220624152813-2.png]]

794

795

796

=== 6.2.4 Pin Mapping ===

797

798

[[image:1656056281231-994.png]]

799

800

801

=== 6.2.5 Angle Mapping ===

802

803

[[image:1656056303845-585.png]]

804

805

806

=== 6.2.6 Installation Notice ===

807

808

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

809

810

The sensor must be installed with below direction, towards North.

811

812

[[image:image-20220624153901-3.png]]

813

814

815

== 6.3 CO2/PM2.5/PM10 ~-~- WSS-03 ==

(((

WSS-03 is a RS485 Air Quality sensor. It can monitor CO2, PM2.5 and PM10 at the same time.

)))

(((

WSS-03 uses weather proof shield which can make sure the sensors are well protected against UV & radiation.

)))

(((

WSS-03 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-03 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the environment CO2, PM2.5 and PM10 to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.3.1 Feature ===

832

833

* RS485 CO2, PM2.5, PM10 sensor

834

* NDIR to measure CO2 with Internal Temperature Compensation

835

* Laser Beam Scattering to PM2.5 and PM10

=== 6.3.2 Specification ===

840

841

* CO2 Range: 0～5000ppm, accuracy: ±3%F•S（25℃）

842

* CO2 resolution: 1ppm

843

* PM2.5/PM10 Range: 0～1000μg/m3 , accuracy ±3%F•S（25℃）

844

* PM2.5/PM10 resolution: 1μg/m3

845

* Input Power: DC 7 ~~ 24v

846

* Preheat time: 3min

847

* Interface: RS485

848

* Working Temperature:

849

** CO2: 0℃～50℃;

850

** PM2.5/PM10: -30 ~~ 50℃

851

* Working Humidity:

852

** PM2.5/PM10: 15～80%RH (no dewing)

853

** CO2: 0～95%RH

854

* Power Consumption: 50mA@ 12v.

=== 6.3.3 Dimension ===

859

860

[[image:1656056708366-230.png]]

861

862

863

=== 6.3.4 Pin Mapping ===

864

865

[[image:1656056722648-743.png]]

866

867

868

=== 6.3.5 Installation Notice ===

869

870

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

871

872

[[image:1656057016033-551.png]]

873

874

[[image:1656056751153-304.png]]

875

876

[[image:1656056766224-773.png]]

877

878

879

== 6.4 Rain/Snow Detect ~-~- WSS-04 ==

(((

WSS-04 is a RS485 rain / snow detect sensor. It can monitor Rain or Snow event.

)))

(((

WSS-04 has auto heating feature, this ensures measurement more reliable.

)))

(((

WSS-04 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-04 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload the SNOW/Rain Event to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.4.1 Feature ===

897

898

* RS485 Rain/Snow detect sensor

899

* Surface heating to dry

900

* grid electrode uses Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold design for resist corrosion

=== 6.4.2 Specification ===

905

906

* Detect if there is rain or snow

907

* Input Power: DC 12 ~~ 24v

908

* Interface: RS485

909

* Working Temperature: -30℃～70℃

910

* Working Humidity: 10～90%RH

911

* Power Consumption:

912

** No heating: 12mA @ 12v,

913

** heating: 94ma @ 12v.

=== 6.4.3 Dimension ===

918

919

[[image:1656056844782-155.png]]

920

921

922

=== 6.4.4 Pin Mapping ===

923

924

[[image:1656056855590-754.png]]

925

926

927

=== 6.4.5 Installation Notice ===

928

929

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

930

931

932

Install with 15°degree.

933

934

[[image:1656056873783-780.png]]

935

936

937

[[image:1656056883736-804.png]]

938

939

940

=== 6.4.6 Heating ===

941

942

(((

943

WSS-04 supports auto-heat feature. When the temperature is below the heat start temperature 15℃, WSS-04 starts to heat and stop at stop temperature (default is 25℃).

)))

== 6.5 Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure ~-~- WSS-05 ==

(((

WSS-05 is a 4 in 1 RS485 sensor which can monitor Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance and Pressure at the same time.

)))

(((

WSS-05 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-05 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload environment Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.5.1 Feature ===

960

961

* RS485 Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure sensor

=== 6.5.2 Specification ===

966

967

* Input Power: DC 12 ~~ 24v

968

* Interface: RS485

969

* Temperature Sensor Spec:

** Range: -30 ~~ 70℃

** resolution 0.1℃

** Accuracy: ±0.5℃

* Humidity Sensor Spec:

974

** Range: 0 ~~ 100% RH

975

** resolution 0.1 %RH

976

** Accuracy: 3% RH

977

* Pressure Sensor Spec:

978

** Range: 10～1100hPa

979

** Resolution: 0.1hPa

980

** Accuracy: ±0.1hPa

981

* Illuminate sensor:

982

** Range: 0～2/20/200kLux

983

** Resolution: 10 Lux

984

** Accuracy: ±3％FS

985

* Working Temperature: -30℃～70℃

986

* Working Humidity: 10～90%RH

987

* Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v

=== 6.5.3 Dimension ===

992

993

[[image:1656057170639-522.png]]

994

995

996

=== 6.5.4 Pin Mapping ===

997

998

[[image:1656057181899-910.png]]

999

1000

1001

=== 6.5.5 Installation Notice ===

1002

1003

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1004

1005

[[image:1656057199955-514.png]]

1006

1007

1008

[[image:1656057212438-475.png]]

1009

1010

1011

== 6.6 Total Solar Radiation sensor ~-~- WSS-06 ==

(((

WSS-06 is Total Radiation Sensor can be used to measure the total solar radiation in the spectral range of 0.3 to 3 μm (300 to 3000 nm). If the sensor face is down, the reflected radiation can be measured, and the shading ring can also be used to measure the scattered radiation.

)))

(((

The core device of the radiation sensor is a high-precision photosensitive element, which has good stability and high precision; at the same time, a precision-machined PTTE radiation cover is installed outside the sensing element, which effectively prevents environmental factors from affecting its performance

)))

(((

WSS-06 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-06 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload Total Solar Radiation to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.6.1 Feature ===

1029

1030

* RS485 Total Solar Radiation sensor

1031

* Measure Total Radiation between 0.3～3μm（300～3000nm）

1032

* Measure Reflected Radiation if sense area towards ground.

=== 6.6.2 Specification ===

1037

1038

* Input Power: DC 5 ~~ 24v

1039

* Interface: RS485

1040

* Detect spectrum: 0.3～3μm（300～3000nm）

1041

* Measure strength range: 0～2000W/m2

1042

* Resolution: 0.1W/m2

1043

* Accuracy: ±3%

1044

* Yearly Stability: ≤±2％

1045

* Cosine response: ≤7％ (@ Sun angle 10°)

1046

* Temperature Effect: ±2％（－10℃～40℃）

1047

* Working Temperature: -40℃～70℃

1048

* Working Humidity: 10～90%RH

1049

* Power Consumption: 4mA @ 12v

=== 6.6.3 Dimension ===

1054

1055

[[image:1656057348695-898.png]]

1056

1057

1058

=== 6.6.4 Pin Mapping ===

1059

1060

[[image:1656057359343-744.png]]

1061

1062

1063

=== 6.6.5 Installation Notice ===

1064

1065

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1066

1067

[[image:1656057369259-804.png]]

1068

1069

1070

[[image:1656057377943-564.png]]

1071

1072

1073

== 6.7 PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation) ~-~- WSS-07 ==

(((

WSS-07 photosynthetically active radiation sensor is mainly used to measure the photosynthetically active radiation of natural light in the wavelength range of 400-700nm.

)))

(((

WSS-07 use precision optical detectors and has an optical filter of 400-700nm, when natural light is irradiated, a voltage signal proportional to the intensity of the incident radiation is generated, and its luminous flux density is proportional to the cosine of the direct angle of the incident light.

)))

(((

WSS-07 is designed to support the Dragino Weather station solution. Users only need to connect WSS-07 RS485 interface to WSC1-L. The weather station main processor WSC1-L can detect and upload Photosynthetically Available Radiation to the IoT Server via wireless LoRaWAN protocol.

)))

=== 6.7.1 Feature ===

1090

1091

PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation) sensor measure 400 ~~ 700nm wavelength nature light’s Photosynthetically Available Radiation.

1092

1093

1094

When nature light shine on the sense area, it will generate a signal base on the incidence radiation strength.

1095

1096

1097

=== 6.7.2 Specification ===

1098

1099

* Input Power: DC 5 ~~ 24v

1100

* Interface: RS485

1101

* Response Spectrum: 400～700nm

1102

* Measure range: 0～2500μmol/m2•s

1103

* Resolution: 1μmol/m2•s

1104

* Accuracy: ±2%

1105

* Yearly Stability: ≤±2％

1106

* Working Temperature: -30℃～75℃

1107

* Working Humidity: 10～90%RH

1108

* Power Consumption: 3mA @ 12v

1109

1110

1111

=== 6.7.3 Dimension ===

1112

1113

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.png]]

1114

1115

1116

=== 6.7.4 Pin Mapping ===

1117

1118

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.png]]

1119

1120

1121

=== 6.7.5 Installation Notice ===

1122

1123

Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.

1124

1125

1126

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image037.png]]

1127

1128

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image038.png]]

= 7. FAQ =

== 7.1 What else do I need to purchase to build Weather Station? ==

1134

1135

Below is the installation photo and structure:

1136

1137

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png]]

1138

1139

1140

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image039.png]]

== 7.2 How to upgrade firmware for WSC1-L? ==

1146

1147

Firmware Location & Change log:

1148

1149

[[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/WSC1-L/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/WSC1-L/]]

1150

1151

1152

Firmware Upgrade instruction:

1153

1154

[[https:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Firmware_Upgrade_Instruction_for_STM32_base_products#Hardware_Upgrade_Method_Support_List>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Firmware_Upgrade_Instruction_for_STM32_base_products#Hardware_Upgrade_Method_Support_List]]

1155

1156

1157

== 7.3 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==

1158

1159

User can follow the introduction for how to upgrade image. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.

== 7.4 Can I add my weather sensors? ==

1164

1165

Yes, connect the sensor to RS485 bus and see instruction: [[add sensors.>>path:#Add_sensor]]

1166

1167

1168

= 8. Trouble Shooting =

= 9. Order Info =

== 9.1 Main Process Unit ==

1179

1180

Part Number: (% style="color:blue" %)**WSC1-L-XX**

1181

1182

(% style="color:blue" %)**XX**(%%): The default frequency band

1183

1184

* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band

1185

* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band

1186

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band

1187

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band

1188

* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band

1189

* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band

1190

* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band

1191

* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band

== 9.2 Sensors ==

|**Sensor Model**|**Part Number**

1197

|**Rain Gauge**|WSS-01

1198

|**Rain Gauge installation Bracket for Pole**|WS-K2

1199

|**Wind Speed Direction 2 in 1 Sensor**|WSS-02

1200

|**CO2/PM2.5/PM10 3 in 1 Sensor**|WSS-03

1201

|**Rain/Snow Detect Sensor**|WSS-04

1202

|**Temperature, Humidity, illuminance and Pressure 4 in 1 sensor**|WSS-05

1203

|**Total Solar Radiation Sensor**|WSS-06

1204

|**PAR (Photosynthetically Available Radiation)**|WSS-07

= 10. Support =

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

1209

* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to

1210

1211

[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]]

= 11. Appendix I: Field Installation Photo =

1218

1219