PG1302 -- LoRaWAN Concentrator User Manual

The PG1302 is a (% style="color:blue" %)**multi-channel high-performance transmitter/receiver**(%%) designed to simultaneously receive several LoRa packets using random spreading factors on random channels. Its goal is to enable robust connection between a central wireless data concentrator and a massive amount of wireless end-points spread over a very wide range of distances.

24

)))

25

26

(((

27

The PG1302 is designed to use with Raspberry Pi to build smart metering fixed networks and Internet of Things applications with up to 5000 nodes per km2 in a moderately interfered environment.

)))

(((

PG1302 is fully compatible with (% style="color:blue" %)**RPi3/4 or Tinker Board**(%%), users can use the pre-build OS from Dragino to set up and easy to use the module by Web UI. Or install the raw LoRaWAN driver in the existing OS.

)))

== 1.2 Features ==

* Base on Semtech SX1302 solution

39

* Support Raspberry Pi 3B/3B+/4, TinkerBoard2/2S, Orange Pi Pc/PC PLUS.

40

* Up to -140dBm sensitivity

41

* Support 3.3v and 5v.

42

* Mini-PCIe Interface

43

* Converter board to support Raspberry Pi

44

45

== 1.3 General Interfaces for PG1302 ==

46

47

48

* SPI interface for LoRa

49

* Power Input: 5v, 1A

50

* 1 x I-PEX for LoRa

51

* Working Temperature: -40 ℃ ~~ 80℃

52

53

== 1.4 Pin Mapping ==

54

55

56

[[image:image-20240122140551-1.png]]

== 1.5 LEDs ==

(((

TX: Blink when transmit a packet

64

RX: Blink when receiving a packet

Config: Always ON

)))

== 1.6 Power Consumption ==

<300mA @ 3.3v.

Detail Test Report see [[this link>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/89virm4y0b02c7i/AAA-cgQEsSc8gNGFYAB0qZ_Za?dl=0]]

75

76

77

== 1.7 Antenna Installation ==

78

79

80

Left: **GPS antenna**

81

82

Right: **LoRa Antenna**

83

84

[[image:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/forum/uploads/default/original/3X/6/2/624619afa8d75a2c21bfd1e3687afaa75ad61cbc.jpeg||alt="PG1302_70"]]

== 1.8 Applications ==

91

92

93

* Smart Buildings & Home Automation

94

* Logistics and Supply Chain Management

* Smart Metering

* Smart Agriculture

* Smart Cities

* Smart Factory

= 2. Example: Set up as LoRaWAN gateway =

102

103

== 2.1 System structure ==

(((

This example is an example to show how to set up the PG1302 + RPi as a LoRaWAN gateway to use with [[TheThingsNetwork>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]](TTN) LoRaWAN server. Set up method for other server are similar.

)))

[[image:1651743698677-436.png||height="457" width="686"]]

113

114

115

== 2.2 Hardware Installation ==

116

117

118

(% style="color:red" %)**Important Notice: Please power the RPI with 5V,3A cable.**

119

120

[[image:image-20220621104746-1.png||height="351" width="415"]]

121

122

123

= 3. Install the software? =

124

125

126

**Raspberry Pi 3B/3B+/4,**

127

128

* Flash SD card with Dragino pre-build image which supports Web UI.

129

* Install [[Dragino-FWD>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/PG1302/#H5.2.2.A0Selecttheappropriatedeviceversiontodownload:]] in existing RPi OS.

130

131

**TinkerBoard2/2S, **

132

133

* Install [[Dragino-FWD>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/PG1302/#H5.2.2.A0Selecttheappropriatedeviceversiontodownload:]] in the existing OS.

134

135

**Orange Pi PC/PC PLUS.**

136

137

* Install [[Dragino-FWD>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/PG1302/#H5.2.2.A0Selecttheappropriatedeviceversiontodownload:]] in the existing OS.

138

139

= 4. Flash with pre-build image =

140

141

== 4.1 Download the dragino image for RPI ==

(((

Download PG1302_for_Rpi4_64_with_webui from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/f6nbldh1qbspya5/AACgL6pDkwdBQO1BQqq_Nubwa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/f6nbldh1qbspya5/AACgL6pDkwdBQO1BQqq_Nubwa?dl=0]]

)))

== 4.2 Flash the image to an SD card ==

150

151

152

Flash the image to the SD card:

153

154

[[image:1651744119133-233.png||height="373" width="621"]]

155

156

157

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Download the flash tool following this link：**[[https:~~/~~/www.balena.io/etcher/>>https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]

158

159

160

== 4.3 Access the Linux console ==

(((

Connect the RPI Ethernet port to your router, RPi will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the RPI. You can use this IP to connect the WEB UI or SSH access of RPI. Make sure your PC and the RPI is in the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]]) to access it. Below are screenshots

)))

[[image:1651744193675-591.png||height="450" width="466"]]

169

170

The account details for Web Login are:

171

172

(((

173

**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)User Name: root(%%)**

)))

(((

**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)Password: dragino(%%)**

)))

(((

)))

(((

**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)Backup account(%%)**

)))

(((

**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)Pi/dragino(%%)**

)))

After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and type the command here.

195

196

[[image:1651744358515-107.png||height="366" width="581"]]

197

198

199

== 4.4 Access the WebUI of RPi4 ==

200

201

=== 4.4.1 Home page ===

(((

Open a browser on the PC and type the RPI ip address **http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS ** (If the IP is assigned by the uplink router)

206

You will see the login interface of RPI as shown below.

207

The account details for Web Login are:

)))

(((

**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)User Name: root(%%)**

212

(% style="color:#0000ff" %)** Password: dragino**

)))

[[image:1651744457761-993.png||height="352" width="621"]]

218

219

220

=== 4.4.2 LoRa Page ===

221

222

223

This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customize the band* as well.

224

225

226

[[image:1651744554845-970.png||height="328" width="621"]]

227

228

229

Different PG1302 hardware version can support different frequency range:

230

231

* (% style="color:red" %)**868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.**

232

* (% style="color:red" %)**915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920**

233

234

After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the (% style="color:#037691" %)**page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**

235

236

(% style="color:red" %)**Note *: [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**

237

238

239

=== 4.4.3 LoRaWAN Page ===

240

241

==== 4.4.3.1 Semtech UDP ====

242

243

244

[[image:1651744767914-283.png||height="352" width="621"]]

245

246

247

(% style="color:red" %)**Note *: [[See this instruction for how to configure TTN>>doc:Main.Notes for TTN.WebHome]].**

248

249

250

==== 4.4.3.2 Basic Station ====

251

252

253

[[image:1651744890629-683.png||height="380" width="621"]]

254

255

256

(% style="color:red" %)**Note *: [[See this instruction for how to configure AWS-loT-Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**

257

258

259

=== 4.4.4 LogRead ===

260

261

==== 4.4.4.1 LoRa Log ====

262

263

264

[[image:1651744955955-452.png||height="571" width="621"]]

265

266

267

Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.

268

269

270

==== 4.4.4.2 System Log ====

Show system log.

[[image:1651745003470-264.png||height="477" width="621"]]

276

277

278

==== 4.4.4.3 Record Log ====

279

280

281

**Record the system log.**

282

283

[[image:1651745069814-662.png||height="144" width="621"]]

284

285

286

= 5. Install stand-alone LoRa Packet Forwarder =

287

288

== 5.1 Choose the right installation package for your OS ==

(((

**draginofwd-32bit (RPI, Orange PI)**

293

294

**Download URL:** https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-32bit.deb

295

296

**Linux Command:** wget https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-32bit.deb && dpkg -i draginofwd-32bit.deb

297

298

299

**dragino-64bit (RPI, Orange PI)**

300

301

**Download URL: **https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-64bit.deb

302

)))

303

304

**Linux Command: **wget https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-64bit.deb && dpkg -i draginofwd-64bit.deb

305

306

307

**dragino-tiker-32bit (Tinker Board)**

308

309

**Download URL: **https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-tinker-32bit.deb

310

311

**Linux Command: **wget https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-tinker-32bit.deb && dpkg -i draginofwd-tinker-32bit.deb

**Install details:**

[[image:image-20220928181226-1.png||height="218" width="1100"]]

317

318

319

RPI in this example is RPI model 4B with fresh Raspbian OS install.

(% class="box" %)

(((

**~ pi@raspberrypi:~~$ cat /etc/os-release

324

PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)"

325

NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux"

VERSION_ID="8"

VERSION="8 (jessie)"

ID=raspbian

ID_LIKE=debian

HOME_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/"

331

SUPPORT_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/RaspbianForums"

332

BUG_REPORT_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/RaspbianBugs"**

)))

== 5.2 Select the mode of connection to the server ==

339

340

341

The Dragino LoRa Packet Forware supports the Semtech UDP and Basic Station mode.

342

343

The User can choose one of the methods as the connection mode.

344

345

346

**~1. Semtech UDP Mode ~-~-> 5.2.1**

347

348

**2. Basic Station Mode ~-~-> 5.2.2**

349

350

351

=== 5.2.1 Semtech UDP Mode ===

352

353

354

==== **a). Get a gateway EUI from the device ETH MAC.** ====

355

356

357

In RPI, run the below command to get a Gateway ID

358

359

(% class="box infomessage" %)

(((

**~ ifconfig eth0**

)))

[[image:1651745210205-512.png||height="130" width="621"]]

(((

(((

We got the ether (eth0 MAC) address is b8:27:eb:49:62:bc). Add ffff at the end and remove “:” to get the gateway ID: b827ebxxxxbcffff. Input this to TTN v3. Make sure to select legacy packet forwarder.

==== **b). Input this Gateway EUI to the TTN-Stack** ====

)))

)))

[[image:1651745267862-321.png||height="526" width="621"]]

380

381

[[image:1651745306744-481.png||height="478" width="621"]]

==== **c). After Register, the status should show not connected as below:** ====

386

387

388

[[image:1651745366987-458.png||height="363" width="621"]]

==== **d). Enable SPI and I2C on your device** ====

393

394

395

**the below example is using Raspberry 4B.**

396

397

398

Run (% style="background-color:yellow" %) **sudo raspi-config**(%%) to open the config window

399

400

[[image:1651745476754-240.png||height="234" width="629"]]

401

402

403

[[image:image-20220505181135-1.png]]

404

405

406

[[image:image-20220505181135-2.png||height="229" width="622"]]

==== **e). Access the root account:** ====

411

412

(((

413

[[image:1651745583363-614.png||height="151" width="732"]]

)))

==== **f). Modify the configuration of FWD** ====

(((

After installation, user can find the configuration file in** (% style="color:#0000ff" %)/etc/lora/ (%%)**Replace the gateway ID we got above to the (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**gateway_ID** (%%)in file (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**local_conf.json.**

)))

(((

The default LoRaWAN server points to localhost, user need to put the correct server address to the server_address field in file (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**local_conf.json**(%%), like below.

428

429

430

the User can find the lora configuration directory in (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**/etc/lora/**(%%) there are the cfg-302 directory and the global_conf.json, and local_conf.json files.

431

432

/etc/lora/

433

├── cfg-302 ~-~--> global configuration file

434

├── devskey ~-~--> Database

435

├── global_conf.json ~-~--> Frequency plan for current applications

436

└── local_conf.json ~-~--> Local fwd configuration

437

438

At default, the users need to change two configurations file: global_conf.json and local_conf.json.

439

440

441

===== **1.) Configure gateway EUI and server address, port for fwd** =====

)))

[[image:1651745709709-887.png||height="820" width="621"]]

447

448

449

**Note: Users can find the TTN v3 server address from [[Server Addresses ~| The Things Stack for LoRaWAN (thethingsindustries.com)>>url:https://www.thethingsindustries.com/docs/getting-started/server-addresses/#deployments]]**

450

451

452

===== **2). Override the global_conf.json file by selecting the appropriate frequency plan for your region in cfg-302** =====

453

454

455

the default frequency band is US915 in the (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**global_conf.json**(%%) file.

456

457

[[image:1651745838008-820.png||height="650" width="621"]]

458

459

460

If the user wants to change to other frequency bands, the User can copy the file from(% style="color:#0000ff" %)** /etc/lora/cfg-302**(%%) ** **and put it into** (% style="color:#0000ff" %)/etc/lora/global_conf.json(%%).**

461

462

**//eg: cp /etc/lora/cfg-302/EU-global_conf.json /etc/lora/global_conf.json //**

====== **Selecting the appropriate frequency plan for your region in cfg-302.** ======

467

468

[[image:1651745867516-322.png||height="83" width="740"]]

469

470

471

====== **Override the global_conf.json** ======

472

473

(% class="box infomessage" %)

474

(((

475

**cp /etc/lora/cfg-302/EU-global_conf.json /etc/lora/global_conf.json**

476

)))

477

478

[[image:1651745984006-868.png||height="87" width="745"]]

479

480

481

==== (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:23px" %)**g). Running the Fwd Server**(%%) ====

(((

Run the below command to restart the dragino_fwd:

)))

(((

(% class="box infomessage" %)

490

(((

491

**sudo systemctl start draginofwd**

)))

)))

(((

debug check the ruing status of fwd:

)))

(((

(% class="box infomessage" %)

501

(((

502

**sudo systemctl status draginofwd**

)))

)))

[[image:1651746045057-414.png||height="193" width="729"]]

507

508

509

Wait for a few minutes, the gateway will be online/active on the TTN-Stack.

510

511

[[image:1651746078253-168.png||height="372" width="621"]]

Get the draginofwd real-time running log:

516

517

(% class="box infomessage" %)

518

(((

519

**~ sudo journalctl -u draginofwd -f**

520

)))

521

522

[[image:1651746111963-838.png||height="184" width="730"]]

If there are LoRaWAN nodes transmitting nearby, we can see the traffic in (% style="color:#037691" %)**TTN v3 –> Gateway ~-~-> Live data**

527

528

[[image:1651746139304-966.png||height="326" width="621"]]

529

530

531

==== **h). Commands to handle service** ====

532

533

* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Stop** (%%)dragino_fwd service: sudo systemctl stop draginofwd

534

* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Disable**(%%) dragino_fwd auto run after boot: sudo systemctl disable draginofwd

535

* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Start** (%%)dragino_fwd : sudo systemctl start draginofwd

536

* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Auto run**(%%) dragino_fwd after boot: sudo systemctl enable draginofwd

537

* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Show status** (%%)of dragino_fwd: sudo systemctl status draginofwd

538

539

=== 5.2.2 Basic Station Mode. ===

540

541

542

==== **a). Get a gateway EUI from the device ETH MAC.** ====

543

544

545

In RPI, run the below command to get a Gateway EUI

546

547

(% class="box infomessage" %)

(((

**~ ifconfig eth0**

)))

[[image:1651745210205-512.png||height="130" width="621"]]

(((

(((

We got the ether (eth0 MAC) address is b8:27:eb:49:62:bc). Add ffff at the end and remove “:” to get the gateway ID: b827ebxxxxbcffff. Input this to TTN v3. Make sure to select legacy packet forwarder.

)))

)))

==== **b). Register the gateway with the Basic Station Mode on the TTN-Stack** ====

564

565

566

[[image:image-20230329164417-5.png]]

==== **c). Download the gateway API keys, and then upload them to the gateway.** ====

571

572

573

[[image:image-20230329164704-6.png]]

574

575

576

==== **d). The status Shows disconnect.** ====

577

578

579

[[image:image-20230329165619-7.png||height="568" width="948"]]

580

581

582

==== **e.) Uploda API keys into the gateway** ====

583

584

585

the User can find the Basic Station configuration directory in (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**/etc/station/**(%%) there is the station.conf files, and ttnstack directory.

586

587

//**directory tree:**//

///etc/station/

├── station.conf

└── ttnstack ~-~--> ** ttnstack configuration file directory**

592

├── cups.trust ~-~--> ttnstack auth file

593

├── cups.uri ~-~--> ttnstack server URI file

594

└── station.conf ~-~-~-~-> backup configuration file//

**and then upload the downloaded keys to this directory((% style="color:#0000ff" %)/etc/station/(%%))**

eg:

/etc/station/

├── cups.key ~-~--> uploaded by you

604

├── lns.key ~-~--> uploaded by you

├── station.conf

==== **f). Configure gateway EUI and server address** ====

609

610

611

[[image:image-20230329195650-10.png]]

612

613

614

After the user enters the correct parameters, the server will be run automatically

Tree Directory:

/etc/station/

├── cups.key

├── cups.trust

├── cups.uri

├── lns.key

├── start-configure.sh

├── station.conf

└── ttnstack

├── cups.trust

├── cups.uri

└── station.conf

==== **g). Check station running log** ====

633

634

635

tail -f /var/log/station.log

636

637

638

[[image:image-20230329201624-11.png]]

= 6. Add GPS support in PG1302 =

643

644

The PG1302 supports GPS:

645

646

[[image:image-20240118160132-1.png||height="270" width="338"]]

647

648

649

* **The users can find the GPS device in Raspberry: /dev/ttyS0 or /dev/ttyAMA0**

650

651

[[image:image-20240118160407-2.png||height="71" width="458"]]

652

653

654

* **Check the GPS output: cat /dev/ttyS0**

655

656

[[image:image-20240118160454-3.png]]

657

658

659

* **Add the GPS to the Semtech UDP package forwarder configuration.**

660

661

[[image:image-20240118160928-4.png||height="426" width="464"]]

662

663

664

* **Test GPS function**

665

666

**~ 1.) Stop IoT service: systemctl stop draginofwd**

667

668

669

**~ 2.) Run the fwd command and check the output**

670

671

672

[[image:image-20240118161109-5.png]]

673

674

675

**~ 3.) Trouble Shooting:**

676

677

If you get many WARNING outputs, which should be the GPS location is invalid, you need to adjust the GPS location, it is recommended to put it outdoors

678

679

680

[[image:image-20240118161333-6.png]]

681

682

683

The user can check the PG1302 board GPS LED status to check the location,

684

685

GPS location is valid ~-~--> GPS LED will light up

686

687

GPS location is invalid ~-~--> GPS LED will light down

688

689

690

[[image:image-20240118162033-7.png]]

= 7. Trouble Shooting =

695

696

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

697

7.1 Failed to start the concentrator how to debug

698

699

700

--When the problem "failed to start the concentrator" occurs, the user needs to check whether the I2C and SPI are enabled,--

701

702

--Users can enter the following command to check whether I2C is detected, and the detection of **"60"** is correct.--

703

704

(% class="box infomessage" %)

705

(((

706

--**i2cdetect -y 1**--

707

)))

708

709

**Note: This method has been removed because the i2c had been removed on the latest PG1302.**

Check whether the SPI path of the configuration file is correct,

714

715

(% class="box infomessage" %)

716

(((

717

**cat /etc/lora/global_conf.json **

718

)))

719

720

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

721

[[image:image-20230518092732-2.png||height="378" width="691"]]

= 8. Order Info =

Part Number: (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**PG1302-XX** (%%) Or Part Number: (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**PG1302-PI-XX **(%%)(Include RPi converter board for RPI 3/4)

729

730

**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)XX:(%%)**

731

732

* (% style="color:red" %)**868** (%%)(For Bands: EU868,IN865)

733

* (% style="color:red" %)**915** (%%)(For Bands: US915,AU915,AS923,KR920)

734

* (% style="color:red" %)**470** (%%)(For Band: CN470)

735

736