Version 166.3 by Xiaoling on 2022/08/26 09:19
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
4
5
6
7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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14
15
16 = 1.  Introduction =
17
18
19 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
20
21
22
23 (((
24 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
25 )))
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
37
38
39 )))
40
41 (((
42
43 )))
44
45 [[image:image-20220826090251-1.png]]
46
47
48
49 == 1.2  Specifications ==
50
51
52 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
53
54 (((
55 Linux Part:
56 )))
57
58 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
59 * 64MB RAM
60 * 16MB Flash
61
62 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
63
64 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
65 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
66 * LoRaWAN Wireless
67 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
68 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
69 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
70 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
71
72 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
73
74 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
75 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
76 * Tx power:
77 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
78 ** 11b tx power: 18db
79 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
80 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
81 * Wifi Sensitivity
82 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
83 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
84
85 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
86
87 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
88 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
89 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
90 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
91 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
92 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
93 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
94 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
95
96 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
97
98 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
99 * Micro SIM Slot
100 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
101 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
102 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
103 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
104
105
106
107
108 == 1.3  Features ==
109
110
111 * Open Source OpenWrt system
112 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
113 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
114 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
115 * LoRaWAN Gateway
116 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
117 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
118 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
119 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
120 * Support different level log in.
121 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
122 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
123 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
124
125
126
127
128 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
129
130
131 [[image:image-20220826090449-3.png]]
132
133
134
135 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
136
137
138 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
139
140
141
142 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
143
144
145 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
146
147 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
148 * **Wireless LED** [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LG308N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220705165446-6.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220705165446-6.png" height="15" width="15"]]: No function yet.
149 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
150 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
151 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
152 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
153
154 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
155
156
157
158
159 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
160
161
162 (((
163 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
164 )))
165
166
167
168 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
169
170
171 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
172
173
174 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
175
176
177 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
178
179
180 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
181
182
183 (((
184 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
185
186
187
188 )))
189
190 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
191
192
193 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
194
195
196 (((
197 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
198
199
200
201 )))
202
203 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
204
205
206 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
207
208
209 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
210
211
212
213 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
214
215
216 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
217
218
219
220 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
221
222
223 **Web Interface**
224
225 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
226
227 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
228
229 or
230
231 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
232
233
234 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
235
236 The account details for Web Login are:
237
238 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
239
240 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
241
242 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
243
244
245
246 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
247
248
249 == 3.1  Overview ==
250
251
252 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
253
254 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
255 * **WiFi Client Mode**
256 * **WiFi AP Mode**
257
258
259 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
260
261
262 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
263
264
265 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
266
267
268
269 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
270
271
272 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
273
274 (((
275 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
276
277
278 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
279 )))
280
281
282 (((
283 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
284
285
286
287 )))
288
289 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
290
291
292 (((
293 (((
294 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
295 )))
296
297
298 (((
299 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
300 )))
301
302 (((
303 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
304 )))
305 )))
306
307
308 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
309
310 (((
311
312 )))
313
314 (((
315 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
316 )))
317
318 (((
319 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
320
321
322 )))
323
324 (((
325 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
326 )))
327
328
329
330 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
331
332
333 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
334
335 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
336 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
337 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
338
339 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
340
341
342
343 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
344
345
346 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
347
348
349 (((
350 [[image:image-20220826090251-1.png]]
351 )))
352
353 (((
354 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
355 )))
356
357
358
359 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
360
361
362 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
363
364
365 (((
366 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
367
368
369 )))
370
371 (((
372 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
373
374
375 )))
376
377 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
378
379
380
381 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
382
383
384 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
385
386
387 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
388
389
390
391 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
392
393
394 (((
395 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
396
397
398 )))
399
400 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
401
402
403 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
404 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
405 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
406 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
407
408
409 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
410
411
412 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
413
414 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
415
416
417 Open the following page:
418
419
420 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
421
422
423 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
424
425
426 (((
427 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
428
429
430 )))
431
432 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
433
434 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
435
436
437
438 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
439
440
441 (((
442 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
443 )))
444
445 (((
446 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
447 )))
448
449 (((
450 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply.**
451
452
453 )))
454
455 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
456
457
458 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
459
460
461 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
462
463
464 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
465
466
467
468 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
469
470 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
471
472
473
474 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
475
476
477 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
478
479
480 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
481
482
483
484 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
485
486 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
487
488
489
490 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
491
492
493 (((
494 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
495 )))
496
497 (((
498 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
499 )))
500
501 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
502
503
504 (((
505 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
506
507
508 )))
509
510 (((
511 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
512 )))
513
514 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
515 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
516 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
517
518 (((
519 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
520
521
522 )))
523
524 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
525
526
527 (((
528 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
529
530
531 )))
532
533 (((
534 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
535 )))
536
537 (((
538 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
539
540
541 )))
542
543 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
544
545 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
546
547
548 Start Register the end device
549
550 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
551
552 (((
553 Select OTAA activation mode
554
555
556 )))
557
558 (((
559 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
560 )))
561
562 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
563
564 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
565
566
567 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
568
569 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
570
571
572 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
573
574 (((
575 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
576
577
578 )))
579
580 (((
581 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
582
583
584 )))
585
586 (((
587 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
588
589
590 )))
591
592 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
593
594
595
596 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
597
598
599 == 5.1  Home ==
600
601
602 Shows the system running status.
603
604
605 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
606
607
608
609 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
610
611
612 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
613
614
615 (((
616 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
617 )))
618
619 (((
620 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
621 )))
622
623 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
624 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
625
626 (((
627
628
629 (((
630 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
631
632
633 )))
634 )))
635
636 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
637
638 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
639
640
641
642 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
643
644
645 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
646
647 * No internet connection.
648 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
649
650 (((
651 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
652
653
654 )))
655
656 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
657
658
659
660 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
661
662
663 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
664
665
666 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc.
667
668
669 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
670
671
672 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
673
674 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
675
676 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
677
678 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
679
680
681
682 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
683
684
685 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
686
687
688 (((
689 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
690
691
692
693 )))
694
695 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
696
697
698 (((
699 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
700 )))
701
702 (((
703 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
704
705
706 )))
707
708 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
709
710
711
712 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
713
714
715 (((
716 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
717 )))
718
719 (((
720 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
721 )))
722
723
724 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
725
726
727
728 == 5.5  System ==
729
730
731 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
732
733
734 Shows the system info:
735
736
737 [[image:image-20220826091810-6.png]]
738
739
740
741 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
742
743
744 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
745
746
747 (((
748 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
749 )))
750
751 (((
752 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:blue" %)**root /dragino** (%%)or (% style="color:blue" %)**admin /dragino**. (%%)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
753 )))
754
755 (((
756 This page can be used to set the password for them.
757 )))
758
759 (((
760 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
761 )))
762
763 (((
764 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
765
766
767
768 )))
769
770 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
771
772
773 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
774
775
776 (((
777 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
778 )))
779
780 (((
781 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
782 )))
783
784 (((
785 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
786
787
788
789 )))
790
791 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
792
793
794 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
795
796
797 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
798
799
800
801 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
802
803
804 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
805
806
807 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
808
809
810 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
811
812
813
814 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
815
816
817 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
818
819
820
821 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
822
823
824 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
825
826
827 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
828
829 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
830
831 (% style="display:none" %)
832
833 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
834
835 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
836
837 [[image:image-20220826091725-5.png||height="479" width="1004"]]
838
839
840 (((
841 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
842 )))
843
844 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
845
846 (((
847 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
848
849
850 )))
851
852 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
853
854
855
856 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
857
858
859 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
860
861 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
862
863 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
864
865 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
866
867 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
868
869
870 (((
871 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
872 )))
873
874 (((
875 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
876
877
878 )))
879
880 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
881
882
883 (((
884 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
885 )))
886
887
888 (((
889 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
890
891
892 )))
893
894 (((
895 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
896
897
898 )))
899
900 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
901
902
903 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
904
905 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
906
907 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
908
909
910 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
911
912
913
914 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
915
916
917 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
918
919 (((
920
921
922
923 )))
924
925 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
926
927
928 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
929
930
931 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
932
933
934
935 == 5.6  LogRead ==
936
937
938 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
939
940
941 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
942
943
944 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
945
946
947
948 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
949
950
951 Show the system log
952
953
954 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
955
956
957
958 = 6.  More features =
959
960
961 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
962
963
964 (((
965 Drop unwanted packets.
966 )))
967
968 (((
969 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
970 )))
971
972
973
974 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
975
976
977 (((
978 Remote Access Devices for management.
979 )))
980
981 (((
982 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
983 )))
984
985
986
987 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
988
989
990 (((
991 Decode ABP:
992 )))
993
994 (((
995 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
996 )))
997
998
999
1000 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
1001
1002
1003 (((
1004 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
1005 )))
1006
1007 (((
1008 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
1009 )))
1010
1011
1012
1013 == 6.5  More instructions ==
1014
1015
1016 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
1017
1018
1019
1020 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
1021
1022
1023 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
1024
1025 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
1026
1027 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
1028
1029 [[image:image-20220826091546-4.png]](% style="display:none" %)
1030
1031
1032 (((
1033 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
1034 )))
1035
1036 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1037
1038
1039 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
1040
1041
1042 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
1043
1044 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1045
1046
1047 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
1048
1049
1050 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
1051
1052 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1053
1054 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1055
1056 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1057
1058 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1059
1060 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1061
1062
1063 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1064
1065
1066 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1067
1068
1069 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1070
1071
1072
1073 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1074
1075
1076 (((
1077 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1078 )))
1079
1080 (((
1081 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1082 )))
1083
1084 (((
1085 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1086 )))
1087
1088 (((
1089 Screenshot is as below:
1090 )))
1091
1092 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1093
1094
1095
1096 == 7.3  File System ==
1097
1098
1099 (((
1100 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1101 )))
1102
1103 (((
1104 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1105 )))
1106
1107 (((
1108 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1109 )))
1110
1111
1112
1113 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1114
1115
1116 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1117
1118 (((
1119 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1120 )))
1121
1122 (((
1123 **In Linux Console run:**
1124 )))
1125
1126 (((
1127 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1128 )))
1129
1130 (((
1131 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1132 )))
1133
1134 (((
1135 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1136 )))
1137
1138 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1139
1140
1141 (((
1142 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1143 )))
1144
1145 (((
1146 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1147 )))
1148
1149 (((
1150 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1151 )))
1152
1153 (((
1154 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1155 )))
1156
1157 (((
1158 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1159 )))
1160
1161 (((
1162 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1163 )))
1164
1165 (((
1166 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1167
1168
1169
1170 )))
1171
1172 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1173
1174
1175 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1176
1177 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1178
1179 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1180
1181 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1182
1183 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1184
1185
1186 (((
1187 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1188 )))
1189
1190
1191
1192 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1193
1194
1195 (((
1196 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1197 )))
1198
1199 (((
1200 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1201 )))
1202
1203
1204 (((
1205 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1206 )))
1207
1208
1209 (((
1210 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1211
1212
1213 )))
1214
1215 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1216
1217
1218
1219 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1220
1221
1222 (((
1223 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1224 )))
1225
1226 (((
1227 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1228 )))
1229
1230
1231 (((
1232 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1233 )))
1234
1235
1236
1237 = 9.  FAQ =
1238
1239
1240 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1241
1242
1243 (((
1244 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1245 )))
1246
1247 (((
1248
1249
1250
1251 )))
1252
1253 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1254
1255
1256 (((
1257 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1258 )))
1259
1260 (((
1261 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1262 )))
1263
1264 (((
1265
1266
1267
1268 )))
1269
1270 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1271
1272
1273 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1274
1275
1276
1277 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1278
1279
1280 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1281
1282
1283 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1284
1285 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1286
1287 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1288
1289 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1290
1291 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1292
1293 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1294
1295 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1296
1297 (((
1298 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1299 )))
1300
1301 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1302
1303
1304
1305 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1306
1307
1308 (((
1309 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1310 )))
1311
1312 (((
1313
1314
1315
1316 )))
1317
1318 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1319
1320
1321 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1322
1323
1324 (((
1325 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1326 )))
1327
1328 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1329
1330
1331 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1332
1333 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1334
1335 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1336 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1337 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1338
1339
1340 As below photo:
1341
1342 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1343
1344
1345 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1346
1347 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1348
1349
1350
1351 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1352
1353
1354 (((
1355 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1356 )))
1357
1358 (((
1359 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1360 )))
1361
1362
1363
1364 = 11.  Order Info =
1365
1366
1367 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1368
1369
1370 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1371
1372 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1373 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1374
1375 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1376
1377 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1378 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1379 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1380 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1381
1382 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1383
1384
1385
1386 = 12.  Packing Info =
1387
1388
1389 (((
1390 **Package Includes**:
1391 )))
1392
1393 * LPS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1394 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1395 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1396
1397 (((
1398 **Dimension and weight**:
1399 )))
1400
1401 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1402 * Weight: 187g
1403 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1404 * Weight: 300g
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1409 = 13.  Support =
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1412 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1413 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1414 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1415 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
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