Version 165.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/08/26 09:17
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
4
5
6
7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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14
15
16 = 1.  Introduction =
17
18
19 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
20
21
22
23 (((
24 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
25 )))
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40
41 )))
42
43 [[image:image-20220826090251-1.png]]
44
45
46
47 == 1.2  Specifications ==
48
49
50 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
51
52 (((
53 Linux Part:
54 )))
55
56 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
57 * 64MB RAM
58 * 16MB Flash
59
60 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
61
62 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
63 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
64 * LoRaWAN Wireless
65 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
66 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
67 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
68 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
69
70 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
71
72 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
73 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
74 * Tx power:
75 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
76 ** 11b tx power: 18db
77 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
78 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
79 * Wifi Sensitivity
80 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
81 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
82
83 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
84
85 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
86 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
87 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
88 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
89 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
90 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
91 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
92 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
93
94 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
95
96 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
97 * Micro SIM Slot
98 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
99 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
100 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
101 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
102
103
104
105
106 == 1.3  Features ==
107
108
109 * Open Source OpenWrt system
110 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
111 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
112 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
113 * LoRaWAN Gateway
114 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
115 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
116 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
117 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
118 * Support different level log in.
119 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
120 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
121 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
122
123
124
125
126 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
127
128
129 [[image:image-20220826090449-3.png]]
130
131
132
133 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
134
135
136 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
137
138
139
140 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
141
142
143 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
144
145 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
146 * **Wireless LED** [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LG308N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220705165446-6.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220705165446-6.png" height="15" width="15"]]: No function yet.
147 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
148 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
149 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
150 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
151
152 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
153
154
155
156
157 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
158
159
160 (((
161 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
162 )))
163
164
165
166 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
167
168
169 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
170
171
172 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
173
174
175 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
176
177
178 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
179
180
181 (((
182 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
183
184
185
186 )))
187
188 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
189
190
191 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
192
193
194 (((
195 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
196
197
198
199 )))
200
201 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
202
203
204 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
205
206
207 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
208
209
210
211 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
212
213
214 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
215
216
217
218 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
219
220
221 **Web Interface**
222
223 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
224
225 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
226
227 or
228
229 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
230
231
232 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
233
234 The account details for Web Login are:
235
236 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
237
238 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
239
240 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
241
242
243
244 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
245
246
247 == 3.1  Overview ==
248
249
250 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
251
252 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
253 * **WiFi Client Mode**
254 * **WiFi AP Mode**
255
256
257 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
258
259
260 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
261
262
263 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
264
265
266
267 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
268
269
270 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
271
272 (((
273 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
274
275
276 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
277 )))
278
279
280 (((
281 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
282
283
284
285 )))
286
287 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
288
289
290 (((
291 (((
292 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
293 )))
294
295
296 (((
297 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
298 )))
299
300 (((
301 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
302 )))
303 )))
304
305
306 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
307
308 (((
309
310 )))
311
312 (((
313 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
314 )))
315
316 (((
317 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
318
319
320 )))
321
322 (((
323 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
324 )))
325
326
327
328 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
329
330
331 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
332
333 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
334 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
335 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
336
337 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
338
339
340
341 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
342
343
344 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
345
346
347 (((
348 [[image:image-20220826090251-1.png]]
349 )))
350
351 (((
352 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
353 )))
354
355
356
357 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
358
359
360 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
361
362
363 (((
364 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
365
366
367 )))
368
369 (((
370 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
371
372
373 )))
374
375 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
376
377
378
379 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
380
381
382 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
383
384
385 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
386
387
388
389 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
390
391
392 (((
393 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
394
395
396 )))
397
398 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
399
400
401 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
402 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
403 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
404 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
405
406
407 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
408
409
410 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
411
412 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
413
414
415 Open the following page:
416
417
418 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
419
420
421 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
422
423
424 (((
425 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
426
427
428 )))
429
430 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
431
432 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
433
434
435
436 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
437
438
439 (((
440 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
441 )))
442
443 (((
444 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
445 )))
446
447 (((
448 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply.**
449
450
451 )))
452
453 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
454
455
456 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
457
458
459 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
460
461
462 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
463
464
465
466 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
467
468 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
469
470
471
472 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
473
474
475 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
476
477
478 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
479
480
481
482 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
483
484 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
485
486
487
488 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
489
490
491 (((
492 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
493 )))
494
495 (((
496 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
497 )))
498
499 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
500
501
502 (((
503 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
504
505
506 )))
507
508 (((
509 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
510 )))
511
512 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
513 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
514 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
515
516 (((
517 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
518
519
520 )))
521
522 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
523
524
525 (((
526 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
527
528
529 )))
530
531 (((
532 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
533 )))
534
535 (((
536 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
537
538
539 )))
540
541 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
542
543 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
544
545
546 Start Register the end device
547
548 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
549
550 (((
551 Select OTAA activation mode
552
553
554 )))
555
556 (((
557 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
558 )))
559
560 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
561
562 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
563
564
565 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
566
567 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
568
569
570 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
571
572 (((
573 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
574
575
576 )))
577
578 (((
579 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
580
581
582 )))
583
584 (((
585 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
586
587
588 )))
589
590 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
591
592
593
594 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
595
596
597 == 5.1  Home ==
598
599
600 Shows the system running status.
601
602
603 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
604
605
606
607 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
608
609
610 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
611
612
613 (((
614 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
615 )))
616
617 (((
618 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
619 )))
620
621 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
622 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
623
624 (((
625
626
627 (((
628 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
629
630
631 )))
632 )))
633
634 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
635
636 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
637
638
639
640 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
641
642
643 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
644
645 * No internet connection.
646 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
647
648 (((
649 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
650
651
652 )))
653
654 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
655
656
657
658 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
659
660
661 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
662
663
664 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc.
665
666
667 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
668
669
670 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
671
672 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
673
674 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
675
676 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
677
678
679
680 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
681
682
683 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
684
685
686 (((
687 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
688
689
690
691 )))
692
693 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
694
695
696 (((
697 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
698 )))
699
700 (((
701 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
702
703
704 )))
705
706 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
707
708
709
710 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
711
712
713 (((
714 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
715 )))
716
717 (((
718 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
719 )))
720
721
722 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
723
724
725
726 == 5.5  System ==
727
728
729 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
730
731
732 Shows the system info:
733
734
735 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
736
737
738
739 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
740
741
742 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
743
744
745 (((
746 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
747 )))
748
749 (((
750 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:blue" %)**root /dragino** (%%)or (% style="color:blue" %)**admin /dragino**. (%%)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
751 )))
752
753 (((
754 This page can be used to set the password for them.
755 )))
756
757 (((
758 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
759 )))
760
761 (((
762 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
763
764
765
766 )))
767
768 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
769
770
771 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
772
773
774 (((
775 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
776 )))
777
778 (((
779 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
780 )))
781
782 (((
783 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
784
785
786
787 )))
788
789 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
790
791
792 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
793
794
795 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
796
797
798
799 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
800
801
802 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
803
804
805 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
806
807
808 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
809
810
811
812 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
813
814
815 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
816
817
818
819 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
820
821
822 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
823
824
825 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
826
827 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
828
829 (% style="display:none" %)
830
831 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
832
833 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
834
835 [[image:image-20220826091725-5.png||height="479" width="1004"]]
836
837
838 (((
839 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
840 )))
841
842 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
843
844 (((
845 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
846
847
848 )))
849
850 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
851
852
853
854 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
855
856
857 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
858
859 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
860
861 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
862
863 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
864
865 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
866
867
868 (((
869 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
870 )))
871
872 (((
873 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
874
875
876 )))
877
878 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
879
880
881 (((
882 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
883 )))
884
885
886 (((
887 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
888
889
890 )))
891
892 (((
893 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
894
895
896 )))
897
898 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
899
900
901 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
902
903 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
904
905 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
906
907
908 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
909
910
911
912 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
913
914
915 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
916
917 (((
918
919
920
921 )))
922
923 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
924
925
926 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
927
928
929 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
930
931
932
933 == 5.6  LogRead ==
934
935
936 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
937
938
939 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
940
941
942 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
943
944
945
946 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
947
948
949 Show the system log
950
951
952 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
953
954
955
956 = 6.  More features =
957
958
959 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
960
961
962 (((
963 Drop unwanted packets.
964 )))
965
966 (((
967 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
968 )))
969
970
971
972 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
973
974
975 (((
976 Remote Access Devices for management.
977 )))
978
979 (((
980 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
981 )))
982
983
984
985 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
986
987
988 (((
989 Decode ABP:
990 )))
991
992 (((
993 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
994 )))
995
996
997
998 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
999
1000
1001 (((
1002 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
1003 )))
1004
1005 (((
1006 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
1007 )))
1008
1009
1010
1011 == 6.5  More instructions ==
1012
1013
1014 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
1015
1016
1017
1018 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
1019
1020
1021 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
1022
1023 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
1024
1025 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
1026
1027 [[image:image-20220826091546-4.png]](% style="display:none" %)
1028
1029
1030 (((
1031 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
1032 )))
1033
1034 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1035
1036
1037 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
1038
1039
1040 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
1041
1042 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1043
1044
1045 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
1046
1047
1048 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
1049
1050 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1051
1052 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1053
1054 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1055
1056 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1057
1058 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1059
1060
1061 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1062
1063
1064 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1065
1066
1067 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1068
1069
1070
1071 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1072
1073
1074 (((
1075 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1076 )))
1077
1078 (((
1079 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1080 )))
1081
1082 (((
1083 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1084 )))
1085
1086 (((
1087 Screenshot is as below:
1088 )))
1089
1090 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1091
1092
1093
1094 == 7.3  File System ==
1095
1096
1097 (((
1098 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1099 )))
1100
1101 (((
1102 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1103 )))
1104
1105 (((
1106 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1107 )))
1108
1109
1110
1111 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1112
1113
1114 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1115
1116 (((
1117 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1118 )))
1119
1120 (((
1121 **In Linux Console run:**
1122 )))
1123
1124 (((
1125 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1126 )))
1127
1128 (((
1129 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1130 )))
1131
1132 (((
1133 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1134 )))
1135
1136 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1137
1138
1139 (((
1140 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1141 )))
1142
1143 (((
1144 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1145 )))
1146
1147 (((
1148 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1149 )))
1150
1151 (((
1152 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1153 )))
1154
1155 (((
1156 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1157 )))
1158
1159 (((
1160 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1161 )))
1162
1163 (((
1164 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1165
1166
1167
1168 )))
1169
1170 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1171
1172
1173 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1174
1175 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1176
1177 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1178
1179 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1180
1181 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1182
1183
1184 (((
1185 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1186 )))
1187
1188
1189
1190 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1191
1192
1193 (((
1194 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1195 )))
1196
1197 (((
1198 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1199 )))
1200
1201
1202 (((
1203 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1204 )))
1205
1206
1207 (((
1208 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1209
1210
1211 )))
1212
1213 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1214
1215
1216
1217 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1218
1219
1220 (((
1221 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1222 )))
1223
1224 (((
1225 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1226 )))
1227
1228
1229 (((
1230 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1231 )))
1232
1233
1234
1235 = 9.  FAQ =
1236
1237
1238 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1239
1240
1241 (((
1242 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1243 )))
1244
1245 (((
1246
1247
1248
1249 )))
1250
1251 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1252
1253
1254 (((
1255 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1256 )))
1257
1258 (((
1259 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1260 )))
1261
1262 (((
1263
1264
1265
1266 )))
1267
1268 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1269
1270
1271 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1272
1273
1274
1275 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1276
1277
1278 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1279
1280
1281 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1282
1283 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1284
1285 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1286
1287 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1288
1289 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1290
1291 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1292
1293 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1294
1295 (((
1296 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1297 )))
1298
1299 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1300
1301
1302
1303 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1304
1305
1306 (((
1307 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1308 )))
1309
1310 (((
1311
1312
1313
1314 )))
1315
1316 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1317
1318
1319 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1320
1321
1322 (((
1323 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1324 )))
1325
1326 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1327
1328
1329 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1330
1331 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1332
1333 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1334 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1335 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1336
1337
1338 As below photo:
1339
1340 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1341
1342
1343 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1344
1345 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1346
1347
1348
1349 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1350
1351
1352 (((
1353 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1354 )))
1355
1356 (((
1357 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1358 )))
1359
1360
1361
1362 = 11.  Order Info =
1363
1364
1365 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1366
1367
1368 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1369
1370 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1371 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1372
1373 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1374
1375 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1376 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1377 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1378 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1379
1380 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1381
1382
1383
1384 = 12.  Packing Info =
1385
1386
1387 (((
1388 **Package Includes**:
1389 )))
1390
1391 * LPS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1392 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1393 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1394
1395 (((
1396 **Dimension and weight**:
1397 )))
1398
1399 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1400 * Weight: 187g
1401 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1402 * Weight: 300g
1403
1404
1405
1406 = 13.  Support =
1407
1408
1409 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1410 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1411 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1412 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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