Version 163.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/08/26 09:04
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
4
5
6
7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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14
15
16 = 1.  Introduction =
17
18
19 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
20
21
22
23 (((
24 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
25 )))
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40
41 )))
42
43 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
44
45
46
47 == 1.2  Specifications ==
48
49
50 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
51
52 (((
53 Linux Part:
54 )))
55
56 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
57 * 64MB RAM
58 * 16MB Flash
59
60 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
61
62 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
63 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
64 * LoRaWAN Wireless
65 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
66 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
67 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
68 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
69
70 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
71
72 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
73 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
74 * Tx power:
75 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
76 ** 11b tx power: 18db
77 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
78 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
79 * Wifi Sensitivity
80 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
81 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
82
83 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
84
85 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
86 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
87 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
88 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
89 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
90 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
91 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
92 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
93
94 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
95
96 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
97 * Micro SIM Slot
98 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
99 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
100 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
101 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
102
103
104
105 == 1.3  Features ==
106
107
108 * Open Source OpenWrt system
109 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
110 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
111 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
112 * LoRaWAN Gateway
113 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
114 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
115 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
116 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
117 * Support different level log in.
118 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
119 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
120 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
121
122
123
124 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
125
126
127 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
128
129
130
131 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
132
133
134 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
135
136
137
138 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
139
140
141 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
142
143 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
144 * **Wireless LED** [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LG308N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220705165446-6.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220705165446-6.png" height="15" width="15"]]: No function yet.
145 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
146 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
147 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
148 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
149
150 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
151
152
153
154 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
155
156
157 (((
158 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
159 )))
160
161
162
163 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
164
165
166 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
167
168
169 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
170
171
172 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
173
174
175 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
176
177
178 (((
179 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
180
181
182
183 )))
184
185 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
186
187
188 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
189
190
191 (((
192 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
193
194
195
196 )))
197
198 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
199
200
201 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
202
203
204 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
205
206
207
208 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
209
210
211 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
212
213
214
215 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
216
217
218 **Web Interface**
219
220 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
221
222 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
223
224 or
225
226 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
227
228
229 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
230
231 The account details for Web Login are:
232
233 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
234
235 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
236
237 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
238
239
240
241 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
242
243
244 == 3.1  Overview ==
245
246
247 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
248
249 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
250 * **WiFi Client Mode**
251 * **WiFi AP Mode**
252
253
254
255 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
256
257
258 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
259
260
261 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
262
263
264
265 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
266
267
268 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
269
270 (((
271 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
272
273
274 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
275 )))
276
277
278 (((
279 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
280
281
282
283 )))
284
285 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
286
287
288 (((
289 (((
290 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
291 )))
292
293
294 (((
295 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
296 )))
297
298 (((
299 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
300 )))
301 )))
302
303
304 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
305
306 (((
307
308 )))
309
310 (((
311 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
312 )))
313
314 (((
315 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
316
317
318 )))
319
320 (((
321 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
322 )))
323
324
325
326 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
327
328
329 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
330
331 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
332 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
333 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
334
335 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
336
337
338
339 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
340
341
342 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
343
344
345 (((
346 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
347 )))
348
349 (((
350 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
351 )))
352
353
354
355 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
356
357
358 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
359
360
361 (((
362 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
363
364
365 )))
366
367 (((
368 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
369
370
371 )))
372
373 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
374
375
376
377 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
378
379
380 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
381
382
383 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
384
385
386
387 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
388
389
390 (((
391 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
392
393
394 )))
395
396 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
397
398
399 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
400 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
401 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
402 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
403
404
405
406 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
407
408
409 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
410
411 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
412
413
414 Open the following page:
415
416
417 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
418
419
420 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
421
422
423 (((
424 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
425
426
427 )))
428
429 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
430
431 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
432
433
434
435 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
436
437
438 (((
439 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
440 )))
441
442 (((
443 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
444 )))
445
446 (((
447 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply.**
448
449
450 )))
451
452 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
453
454
455 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
456
457
458 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
459
460
461 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
462
463
464
465 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
466
467 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
468
469
470
471 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
472
473
474 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
475
476
477 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
478
479
480
481 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
482
483 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
484
485
486
487 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
488
489
490 (((
491 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
492 )))
493
494 (((
495 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
496 )))
497
498 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
499
500
501 (((
502 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
503
504
505 )))
506
507 (((
508 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
509 )))
510
511 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
512 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
513 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
514
515 (((
516 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
517
518
519 )))
520
521 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
522
523
524 (((
525 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
526
527
528 )))
529
530 (((
531 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
532 )))
533
534 (((
535 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
536
537
538 )))
539
540 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
541
542 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
543
544
545 Start Register the end device
546
547 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
548
549 (((
550 Select OTAA activation mode
551
552
553 )))
554
555 (((
556 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
557 )))
558
559 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
560
561 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
562
563
564 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
565
566 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
567
568
569 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
570
571 (((
572 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
573
574
575 )))
576
577 (((
578 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
579
580
581 )))
582
583 (((
584 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
585
586
587 )))
588
589 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
590
591
592
593 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
594
595
596 == 5.1  Home ==
597
598
599 Shows the system running status.
600
601
602 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
603
604
605
606 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
607
608
609 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
610
611
612 (((
613 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
614 )))
615
616 (((
617 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
618 )))
619
620 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
621 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
622
623 (((
624
625
626 (((
627 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
628
629
630 )))
631 )))
632
633 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
634
635 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
636
637
638
639 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
640
641
642 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
643
644 * No internet connection.
645 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
646
647 (((
648 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
649
650
651 )))
652
653 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
654
655
656
657 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
658
659
660 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
661
662
663 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc.
664
665
666 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
667
668
669 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
670
671 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
672
673 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
674
675 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
676
677
678
679 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
680
681
682 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
683
684
685 (((
686 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
687
688
689
690 )))
691
692 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
693
694
695 (((
696 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
697 )))
698
699 (((
700 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
701
702
703 )))
704
705 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
706
707
708
709 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
710
711
712 (((
713 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
714 )))
715
716 (((
717 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
718 )))
719
720
721 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
722
723
724
725 == 5.5  System ==
726
727
728 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
729
730
731 Shows the system info:
732
733
734 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
735
736
737
738 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
739
740
741 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
742
743
744 (((
745 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
746 )))
747
748 (((
749 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:blue" %)**root /dragino** (%%)or (% style="color:blue" %)**admin /dragino**. (%%)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
750 )))
751
752 (((
753 This page can be used to set the password for them.
754 )))
755
756 (((
757 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
758 )))
759
760 (((
761 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
762
763
764
765 )))
766
767 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
768
769
770 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
771
772
773 (((
774 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
775 )))
776
777 (((
778 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
779 )))
780
781 (((
782 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
783
784
785
786 )))
787
788 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
789
790
791 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
792
793
794 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
795
796
797
798 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
799
800
801 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
802
803
804 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
805
806
807 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
808
809
810
811 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
812
813
814 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
815
816
817
818 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
819
820
821 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
822
823
824 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
825
826 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
827
828 (% style="display:none" %)
829
830 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
831
832 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
833
834 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
835
836
837 (((
838 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
839 )))
840
841 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
842
843 (((
844 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
845
846
847 )))
848
849 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
850
851
852
853 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
854
855
856 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
857
858 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
859
860 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
861
862 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
863
864 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
865
866
867 (((
868 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
869 )))
870
871 (((
872 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
873
874
875 )))
876
877 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
878
879
880 (((
881 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
882 )))
883
884
885 (((
886 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
887
888
889 )))
890
891 (((
892 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
893
894
895 )))
896
897 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
898
899
900 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
901
902 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
903
904 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
905
906
907 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
908
909
910
911 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
912
913
914 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
915
916 (((
917
918
919
920 )))
921
922 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
923
924
925 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
926
927
928 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
929
930
931
932 == 5.6  LogRead ==
933
934
935 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
936
937
938 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
939
940
941 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
942
943
944
945 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
946
947
948 Show the system log
949
950
951 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
952
953
954
955 = 6.  More features =
956
957
958 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
959
960
961 (((
962 Drop unwanted packets.
963 )))
964
965 (((
966 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
967 )))
968
969
970
971 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
972
973
974 (((
975 Remote Access Devices for management.
976 )))
977
978 (((
979 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
980 )))
981
982
983
984 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
985
986
987 (((
988 Decode ABP:
989 )))
990
991 (((
992 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
993 )))
994
995
996
997 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
998
999
1000 (((
1001 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
1002 )))
1003
1004 (((
1005 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
1006 )))
1007
1008
1009
1010 == 6.5  More instructions ==
1011
1012
1013 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
1014
1015
1016
1017 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
1018
1019
1020 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
1021
1022 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
1023
1024 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
1025
1026 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
1027
1028
1029 (((
1030 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
1031 )))
1032
1033 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1034
1035
1036 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
1037
1038
1039 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
1040
1041 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1042
1043
1044 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
1045
1046
1047 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
1048
1049 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1050
1051 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1052
1053 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1054
1055 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1056
1057 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1058
1059
1060 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1061
1062
1063 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1064
1065
1066 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1067
1068
1069
1070 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1071
1072
1073 (((
1074 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1075 )))
1076
1077 (((
1078 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1079 )))
1080
1081 (((
1082 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1083 )))
1084
1085 (((
1086 Screenshot is as below:
1087 )))
1088
1089 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1090
1091
1092
1093 == 7.3  File System ==
1094
1095
1096 (((
1097 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1098 )))
1099
1100 (((
1101 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1102 )))
1103
1104 (((
1105 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1106 )))
1107
1108
1109
1110 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1111
1112
1113 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1114
1115 (((
1116 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1117 )))
1118
1119 (((
1120 **In Linux Console run:**
1121 )))
1122
1123 (((
1124 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1125 )))
1126
1127 (((
1128 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1129 )))
1130
1131 (((
1132 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1133 )))
1134
1135 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1136
1137
1138 (((
1139 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1140 )))
1141
1142 (((
1143 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1144 )))
1145
1146 (((
1147 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1148 )))
1149
1150 (((
1151 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1152 )))
1153
1154 (((
1155 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1156 )))
1157
1158 (((
1159 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1160 )))
1161
1162 (((
1163 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1164
1165
1166
1167 )))
1168
1169 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1170
1171
1172 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1173
1174 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1175
1176 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1177
1178 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1179
1180 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1181
1182
1183 (((
1184 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1185 )))
1186
1187
1188
1189 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1190
1191
1192 (((
1193 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1194 )))
1195
1196 (((
1197 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1198 )))
1199
1200
1201 (((
1202 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1203 )))
1204
1205
1206 (((
1207 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1208
1209
1210 )))
1211
1212 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1213
1214
1215
1216 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1217
1218
1219 (((
1220 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1221 )))
1222
1223 (((
1224 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1225 )))
1226
1227
1228 (((
1229 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1230 )))
1231
1232
1233
1234 = 9.  FAQ =
1235
1236
1237 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1238
1239
1240 (((
1241 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1242 )))
1243
1244 (((
1245
1246
1247
1248 )))
1249
1250 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1251
1252
1253 (((
1254 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1255 )))
1256
1257 (((
1258 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1259 )))
1260
1261 (((
1262
1263
1264
1265 )))
1266
1267 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1268
1269
1270 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1271
1272
1273
1274 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1275
1276
1277 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1278
1279
1280 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1281
1282 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1283
1284 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1285
1286 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1287
1288 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1289
1290 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1291
1292 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1293
1294 (((
1295 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1296 )))
1297
1298 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1299
1300
1301
1302 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1303
1304
1305 (((
1306 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1307 )))
1308
1309 (((
1310
1311
1312
1313 )))
1314
1315 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1316
1317
1318 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1319
1320
1321 (((
1322 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1323 )))
1324
1325 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1326
1327
1328 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1329
1330 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1331
1332 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1333 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1334 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1335
1336
1337 As below photo:
1338
1339 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1340
1341
1342 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1343
1344 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1345
1346
1347
1348 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1349
1350
1351 (((
1352 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1353 )))
1354
1355 (((
1356 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1357 )))
1358
1359
1360
1361 = 11.  Order Info =
1362
1363
1364 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1365
1366
1367 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1368
1369 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1370 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1371
1372 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1373
1374 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1375 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1376 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1377 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1378
1379 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1380
1381
1382
1383 = 12.  Packing Info =
1384
1385
1386 (((
1387 **Package Includes**:
1388 )))
1389
1390 * LPS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1391 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1392 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1393
1394 (((
1395 **Dimension and weight**:
1396 )))
1397
1398 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1399 * Weight: 187g
1400 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1401 * Weight: 300g
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406 = 13.  Support =
1407
1408 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1409 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1410 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1411 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
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