Version 159.1 by Xiaoye on 2022/08/19 15:17
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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9 {{toc/}}
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21
22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
65
66 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
67 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
68 * LoRaWAN Wireless
69 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
70 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
71 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
72 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
73
74 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
75
76 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
77 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
78 * Tx power:
79 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
80 ** 11b tx power: 18db
81 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
82 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
83 * Wifi Sensitivity
84 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
85 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
86
87 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
88
89 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
90 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
91 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
92 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
93 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
94 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
95 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
96 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
97
98 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
99
100 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
101 * Micro SIM Slot
102 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
103 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
104 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
105 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
106
107
108
109 == 1.3  Features ==
110
111
112 * Open Source OpenWrt system
113 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
114 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
115 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
116 * LoRaWAN Gateway
117 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
118 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
119 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
120 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
121 * Support different level log in.
122 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
123 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
124 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
125
126
127
128 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
129
130
131 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
132
133
134
135 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
136
137
138 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
139
140
141
142 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
143
144
145 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
146
147 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
148 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
149 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
150 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
151 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
152
153 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
154
155
156
157 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
158
159
160 (((
161 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
162 )))
163
164
165
166 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
167
168
169 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
170
171 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
172
173
174 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
175
176 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
177
178
179 (((
180 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
181
182
183
184 )))
185
186 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
187
188 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
189
190
191 (((
192 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
193
194
195
196 )))
197
198 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
199
200
201 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
202
203
204 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
205
206
207
208 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
209
210
211 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
212
213
214
215 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
216
217
218 **Web Interface**
219
220 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
221
222 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
223
224 or
225
226 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
227
228
229 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
230
231 The account details for Web Login are:
232
233 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
234
235 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
236
237 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
238
239
240
241 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
242
243
244 == 3.1  Overview ==
245
246
247 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
248
249 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
250 * **WiFi Client Mode**
251 * **WiFi AP Mode**
252
253
254
255 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
256
257
258 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
259
260
261 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
262
263
264
265 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
266
267
268 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
269
270 (((
271 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
272
273
274 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
275 )))
276
277
278 (((
279 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
280
281
282
283 )))
284
285 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
286
287
288 (((
289 (((
290 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
291 )))
292
293
294 (((
295 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
296 )))
297
298 (((
299 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
300 )))
301 )))
302
303
304 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
305
306 (((
307
308 )))
309
310 (((
311 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
312 )))
313
314 (((
315 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
316 )))
317
318 (((
319 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
320 )))
321
322
323
324 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
325
326
327 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
328
329 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
330 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
331 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
332
333 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
334
335
336
337 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
338
339
340 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
341
342
343 (((
344 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
345 )))
346
347 (((
348 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
349 )))
350
351
352
353 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
354
355
356 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
357
358 (((
359 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
360 )))
361
362 (((
363 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
364 )))
365
366 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
367
368
369
370 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
371
372 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
373
374 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
375
376
377
378 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
379
380 (((
381 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
382
383
384 )))
385
386 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
387
388
389 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
390 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
391 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
392 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
393
394
395 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
396
397 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
398
399 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
400
401
402 Open the following page:
403
404 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
405
406
407 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
408
409
410 (((
411 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
412
413
414 )))
415
416 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
417
418 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
419
420
421
422 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
423
424
425 (((
426 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
427 )))
428
429 (((
430 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
431 )))
432
433 (((
434 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
435 )))
436
437 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
438
439
440 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
441
442
443 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
444
445 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
446
447
448 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
449
450 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
451
452
453
454 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
455
456
457 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
458
459 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
460
461
462 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
463
464 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
465
466
467
468 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
469
470
471 (((
472 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
473 )))
474
475 (((
476 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
477 )))
478
479 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
480
481 (((
482 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
483
484
485 )))
486
487 (((
488 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
489 )))
490
491 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
492 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
493 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
494
495 (((
496 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
497 )))
498
499 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
500
501
502 (((
503 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
504
505
506 )))
507
508 (((
509 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
510 )))
511
512 (((
513 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
514 )))
515
516 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
517
518 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
519
520
521 Start Register the end device
522
523 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
524
525 (((
526 Select OTAA activation mode
527
528
529 )))
530
531 (((
532 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
533 )))
534
535 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
536
537 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
538
539
540 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
541
542 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
543
544
545 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
546
547 (((
548 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
549
550
551 )))
552
553 (((
554 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
555
556
557 )))
558
559 (((
560 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
561
562
563 )))
564
565 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
566
567
568
569 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
570
571
572 == 5.1  Home ==
573
574
575 Shows the system running status.
576
577 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
578
579
580
581 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
582
583
584 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
585
586
587 (((
588 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
589 )))
590
591 (((
592 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
593 )))
594
595 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
596 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
597
598 (((
599
600
601 (((
602 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
603 )))
604 )))
605
606 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
607
608 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
609
610
611
612 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
613
614
615 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
616
617 * No internet connection.
618 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
619
620 (((
621 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
622 )))
623
624 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
625
626
627
628 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
629
630
631 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
632
633
634 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
635
636 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
637
638 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
639
640 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
641
642 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
643
644 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
645
646
647
648 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
649
650
651 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
652
653
654 (((
655 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
656
657
658
659 )))
660
661 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
662
663
664 (((
665 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
666 )))
667
668 (((
669 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
670 )))
671
672 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
673
674
675
676 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
677
678
679 (((
680 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
681 )))
682
683 (((
684 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
685 )))
686
687
688 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
689
690
691
692 == 5.5  System ==
693
694
695 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
696
697
698 Shows the system info:
699
700 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
701
702
703
704 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
705
706
707 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
708
709
710 (((
711 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
712 )))
713
714 (((
715 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
716 )))
717
718 (((
719 This page can be used to set the password for them.
720 )))
721
722 (((
723 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
724 )))
725
726 (((
727 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
728
729
730
731 )))
732
733 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
734
735 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
736
737 (((
738 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
739 )))
740
741 (((
742 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
743 )))
744
745 (((
746 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
747
748
749
750 )))
751
752 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
753
754
755 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
756
757 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
758
759
760
761 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
762
763
764 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
765
766
767 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
768
769
770 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
771
772
773
774 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
775
776
777 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
778
779
780
781 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
782
783
784 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
785
786
787 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
788
789 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
790
791 (% style="display:none" %)
792
793 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
794
795 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
796
797 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
798
799
800 (((
801 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
802 )))
803
804 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
805
806 (((
807 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
808 )))
809
810 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
811
812
813
814 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
815
816
817 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
818
819 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
820
821 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
822
823 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
824
825 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
826
827
828 (((
829 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
830 )))
831
832 (((
833 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
834 )))
835
836 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
837
838 (((
839 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
840 )))
841
842
843 (((
844 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
845
846
847 )))
848
849 (((
850 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
851 )))
852
853 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
854
855
856 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
857
858 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
859
860 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
861
862
863 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
864
865
866
867 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
868
869
870 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
871
872 (((
873
874
875
876 )))
877
878 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
879
880
881 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
882
883 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
884
885
886
887 == 5.6  LogRead ==
888
889
890 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
891
892
893 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
894
895 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
896
897
898
899 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
900
901
902 Show the system log
903
904 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
905
906
907
908 = 6.  More features =
909
910
911 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
912
913
914 (((
915 Drop unwanted packets.
916 )))
917
918 (((
919 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
920 )))
921
922
923
924 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
925
926
927 (((
928 Remote Access Devices for management.
929 )))
930
931 (((
932 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
933 )))
934
935
936
937 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
938
939
940 (((
941 Decode ABP:
942 )))
943
944 (((
945 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
946 )))
947
948
949
950 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
951
952
953 (((
954 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
955 )))
956
957 (((
958 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
959 )))
960
961
962
963 == 6.5  More instructions ==
964
965
966 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
967
968
969
970 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
971
972
973 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
974
975 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
976
977 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
978
979 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
980
981 (((
982 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
983 )))
984
985 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
986
987
988 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
989
990
991 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
992
993 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
994
995
996 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
997
998
999 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
1000
1001 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1002
1003 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1004
1005 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1006
1007 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1008
1009 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1010
1011
1012 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1013
1014 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1015
1016
1017 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1018
1019
1020
1021 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1022
1023
1024 (((
1025 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1026 )))
1027
1028 (((
1029 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1030 )))
1031
1032 (((
1033 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1034 )))
1035
1036 (((
1037 Screenshot is as below:
1038 )))
1039
1040 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1041
1042
1043
1044 == 7.3  File System ==
1045
1046
1047 (((
1048 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1049 )))
1050
1051 (((
1052 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1053 )))
1054
1055 (((
1056 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1057 )))
1058
1059
1060
1061 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1062
1063
1064 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1065
1066 (((
1067 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1068 )))
1069
1070 (((
1071 **In Linux Console run:**
1072 )))
1073
1074 (((
1075 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1076 )))
1077
1078 (((
1079 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1080 )))
1081
1082 (((
1083 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1084 )))
1085
1086 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1087
1088
1089 (((
1090 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1091 )))
1092
1093 (((
1094 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1095 )))
1096
1097 (((
1098 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1099 )))
1100
1101 (((
1102 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1103 )))
1104
1105 (((
1106 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1107 )))
1108
1109 (((
1110 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1111 )))
1112
1113 (((
1114 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1115
1116
1117
1118 )))
1119
1120 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1121
1122
1123 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1124
1125 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1126
1127 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1128
1129 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1130
1131 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1132
1133
1134 (((
1135 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1136 )))
1137
1138
1139
1140 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1141
1142
1143 (((
1144 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1145 )))
1146
1147 (((
1148 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1149 )))
1150
1151
1152 (((
1153 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1154 )))
1155
1156
1157 (((
1158 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1159 )))
1160
1161 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1162
1163
1164
1165 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1166
1167
1168 (((
1169 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1170 )))
1171
1172 (((
1173 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1174 )))
1175
1176
1177 (((
1178 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1179 )))
1180
1181
1182
1183 = 9.  FAQ =
1184
1185
1186 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1187
1188
1189 (((
1190 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1191 )))
1192
1193 (((
1194
1195
1196
1197 )))
1198
1199 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1200
1201
1202 (((
1203 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1204 )))
1205
1206 (((
1207 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1208 )))
1209
1210 (((
1211
1212
1213
1214 )))
1215
1216 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1217
1218
1219 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1220
1221
1222
1223 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1224
1225
1226 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1227
1228
1229 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1230
1231 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1232
1233 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1234
1235 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1236
1237 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1238
1239 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1240
1241 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1242
1243 (((
1244 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1245 )))
1246
1247 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1248
1249
1250
1251 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1252
1253
1254 (((
1255 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1256 )))
1257
1258 (((
1259
1260
1261
1262 )))
1263
1264 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1265
1266
1267 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1268
1269
1270 (((
1271 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1272 )))
1273
1274 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1275
1276
1277 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1278
1279 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1280
1281 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1282 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1283 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1284
1285 As below photo:
1286
1287 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1288
1289 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1290
1291 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1292
1293
1294
1295 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1296
1297
1298 (((
1299 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1300 )))
1301
1302 (((
1303 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1304 )))
1305
1306
1307
1308 = 11.  Order Info =
1309
1310
1311 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1312
1313
1314 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1315
1316 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1317 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1318
1319 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1320
1321 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1322 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1323 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1324 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1325
1326 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1327
1328
1329
1330 = 12.  Packing Info =
1331
1332
1333 (((
1334 **Package Includes**:
1335 )))
1336
1337 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1338 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1339 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1340
1341 (((
1342 **Dimension and weight**:
1343 )))
1344
1345 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1346 * Weight: 187g
1347 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1348 * Weight: 300g
1349
1350 = 13.  Support =
1351
1352 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1353 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1354 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1355 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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