Version 158.14 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/29 11:19
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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9 {{toc/}}
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22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
65
66 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
67 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
68 * LoRaWAN Wireless
69 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
70 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
71 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
72 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
73
74 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
75
76 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
77 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
78 * Tx power:
79 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
80 ** 11b tx power: 18db
81 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
82 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
83 * Wifi Sensitivity
84 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
85 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
86
87 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
88
89 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
90 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
91 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
92 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
93 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
94 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
95 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
96 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
97
98 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
99
100 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
101 * Micro SIM Slot
102 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
103 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
104 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
105 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
106
107
108
109
110 == 1.3  Features ==
111
112
113 * Open Source OpenWrt system
114 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
115 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
116 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
117 * LoRaWAN Gateway
118 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
119 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
120 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
121 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
122 * Support different level log in.
123 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
124 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
125 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
126
127
128
129
130 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
131
132
133 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
134
135
136
137 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
138
139
140 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
141
142
143
144 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
145
146
147 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
148
149 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
150 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
151 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
152 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
153 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
154 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
155
156 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
157
158
159
160
161 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
162
163
164 (((
165 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
166 )))
167
168
169
170 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
171
172
173 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
174
175 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
176
177
178 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
179
180 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
181
182
183 (((
184 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
185
186
187
188 )))
189
190 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
191
192 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
193
194
195 (((
196 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
197
198
199
200 )))
201
202 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
203
204
205 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
206
207
208 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
209
210
211
212 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
213
214
215 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
216
217
218
219 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
220
221
222 **Web Interface**
223
224 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
225
226 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
227
228 or
229
230 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
231
232
233 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
234
235 The account details for Web Login are:
236
237 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
238
239 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
240
241 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
242
243
244
245 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
246
247
248 == 3.1  Overview ==
249
250
251 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
252
253 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
254 * **WiFi Client Mode**
255 * **WiFi AP Mode**
256
257
258
259
260 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
261
262
263 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
264
265
266 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
267
268
269
270 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
271
272
273 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
274
275 (((
276 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
277
278
279 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
280 )))
281
282
283 (((
284 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
285
286
287
288 )))
289
290 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
291
292
293 (((
294 (((
295 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
296 )))
297
298
299 (((
300 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
301 )))
302
303 (((
304 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
305 )))
306 )))
307
308
309 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
310
311 (((
312
313 )))
314
315 (((
316 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
317 )))
318
319 (((
320 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
321 )))
322
323 (((
324 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
325 )))
326
327
328
329 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
330
331
332 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
333
334 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
335 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
336 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
337
338 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
339
340
341
342 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
343
344
345 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
346
347
348 (((
349 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
350 )))
351
352 (((
353 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
354 )))
355
356
357
358 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
359
360
361 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
362
363 (((
364 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
365 )))
366
367 (((
368 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
369 )))
370
371 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
372
373
374
375 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
376
377 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
378
379 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
380
381
382
383 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
384
385 (((
386 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
387
388
389 )))
390
391 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
392
393
394 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
395 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
396 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
397 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
398
399
400
401 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
402
403 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
404
405 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
406
407
408 Open the following page:
409
410 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
411
412
413 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
414
415
416 (((
417 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
418
419
420 )))
421
422 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
423
424 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
425
426
427
428 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
429
430
431 (((
432 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
433 )))
434
435 (((
436 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
437 )))
438
439 (((
440 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
441 )))
442
443 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
444
445
446 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
447
448
449 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
450
451 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
452
453
454 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
455
456 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
457
458
459
460 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
461
462
463 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
464
465 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
466
467
468 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
469
470 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
471
472
473
474 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
475
476
477 (((
478 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
479 )))
480
481 (((
482 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
483 )))
484
485 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
486
487 (((
488 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
489
490
491 )))
492
493 (((
494 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
495 )))
496
497 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
498 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
499 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
500
501 (((
502 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
503 )))
504
505 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
506
507
508 (((
509 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
510
511
512 )))
513
514 (((
515 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
516 )))
517
518 (((
519 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
520 )))
521
522 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
523
524 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
525
526
527 Start Register the end device
528
529 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
530
531 (((
532 Select OTAA activation mode
533
534
535 )))
536
537 (((
538 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
539 )))
540
541 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
542
543 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
544
545
546 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
547
548 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
549
550
551 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
552
553 (((
554 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
555
556
557 )))
558
559 (((
560 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
561
562
563 )))
564
565 (((
566 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
567
568
569 )))
570
571 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
572
573
574
575 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
576
577
578 == 5.1  Home ==
579
580
581 Shows the system running status.
582
583 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
584
585
586
587 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
588
589
590 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
591
592
593 (((
594 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
595 )))
596
597 (((
598 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
599 )))
600
601 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
602 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
603
604 (((
605
606
607 (((
608 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
609 )))
610 )))
611
612 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
613
614 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
615
616
617
618 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
619
620
621 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
622
623 * No internet connection.
624 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
625
626 (((
627 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
628 )))
629
630 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
631
632
633
634 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
635
636
637 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
638
639
640 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
641
642 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
643
644 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
645
646 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
647
648 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
649
650 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
651
652
653
654 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
655
656
657 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
658
659
660 (((
661 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
662
663
664
665 )))
666
667 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
668
669
670 (((
671 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
672 )))
673
674 (((
675 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
676 )))
677
678 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
679
680
681
682 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
683
684
685 (((
686 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
687 )))
688
689 (((
690 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
691 )))
692
693
694 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
695
696
697
698 == 5.5  System ==
699
700
701 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
702
703
704 Shows the system info:
705
706 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
707
708
709
710 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
711
712
713 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
714
715
716 (((
717 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
718 )))
719
720 (((
721 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
722 )))
723
724 (((
725 This page can be used to set the password for them.
726 )))
727
728 (((
729 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
730 )))
731
732 (((
733 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
734
735
736
737 )))
738
739 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
740
741 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
742
743 (((
744 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
745 )))
746
747 (((
748 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
749 )))
750
751 (((
752 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
753
754
755
756 )))
757
758 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
759
760
761 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
762
763 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
764
765
766
767 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
768
769
770 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
771
772
773 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
774
775
776 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
777
778
779
780 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
781
782
783 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
784
785
786
787 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
788
789
790 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
791
792
793 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
794
795 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
796
797 (% style="display:none" %)
798
799 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
800
801 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
802
803 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
804
805
806 (((
807 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
808 )))
809
810 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
811
812 (((
813 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
814 )))
815
816 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
817
818
819
820 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
821
822
823 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
824
825 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
826
827 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
828
829 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
830
831 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
832
833
834 (((
835 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
836 )))
837
838 (((
839 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
840 )))
841
842 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
843
844 (((
845 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
846 )))
847
848
849 (((
850 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
851
852
853 )))
854
855 (((
856 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
857 )))
858
859 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
860
861
862 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
863
864 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
865
866 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
867
868
869 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
870
871
872
873 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
874
875
876 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
877
878 (((
879
880
881
882 )))
883
884 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
885
886
887 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
888
889 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
890
891
892
893 == 5.6  LogRead ==
894
895
896 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
897
898
899 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
900
901 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
902
903
904
905 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
906
907
908 Show the system log
909
910 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
911
912
913
914 = 6.  More features =
915
916
917 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
918
919
920 (((
921 Drop unwanted packets.
922 )))
923
924 (((
925 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
926 )))
927
928
929
930 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
931
932
933 (((
934 Remote Access Devices for management.
935 )))
936
937 (((
938 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
939 )))
940
941
942
943 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
944
945
946 (((
947 Decode ABP:
948 )))
949
950 (((
951 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
952 )))
953
954
955
956 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
957
958
959 (((
960 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
961 )))
962
963 (((
964 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
965 )))
966
967
968
969 == 6.5  More instructions ==
970
971
972 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
973
974
975
976 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
977
978
979 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
980
981 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
982
983 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
984
985 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
986
987 (((
988 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
989 )))
990
991 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
992
993
994 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
995
996
997 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
998
999 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1000
1001
1002 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
1003
1004
1005 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
1006
1007 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1008
1009 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1010
1011 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1012
1013 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1014
1015 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1016
1017
1018 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1019
1020 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1021
1022
1023 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1024
1025
1026
1027 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1028
1029
1030 (((
1031 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1032 )))
1033
1034 (((
1035 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1036 )))
1037
1038 (((
1039 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1040 )))
1041
1042 (((
1043 Screenshot is as below:
1044 )))
1045
1046 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1047
1048
1049
1050 == 7.3  File System ==
1051
1052
1053 (((
1054 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1055 )))
1056
1057 (((
1058 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1059 )))
1060
1061 (((
1062 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1063 )))
1064
1065
1066
1067 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1068
1069
1070 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1071
1072 (((
1073 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1074 )))
1075
1076 (((
1077 **In Linux Console run:**
1078 )))
1079
1080 (((
1081 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1082 )))
1083
1084 (((
1085 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1086 )))
1087
1088 (((
1089 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1090 )))
1091
1092 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1093
1094
1095 (((
1096 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1097 )))
1098
1099 (((
1100 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1101 )))
1102
1103 (((
1104 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1105 )))
1106
1107 (((
1108 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1109 )))
1110
1111 (((
1112 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1113 )))
1114
1115 (((
1116 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1117 )))
1118
1119 (((
1120 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1121
1122
1123
1124 )))
1125
1126 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1127
1128
1129 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1130
1131 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1132
1133 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1134
1135 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1136
1137 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1138
1139
1140 (((
1141 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1142 )))
1143
1144
1145
1146 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1147
1148
1149 (((
1150 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1151 )))
1152
1153 (((
1154 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1155 )))
1156
1157
1158 (((
1159 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1160 )))
1161
1162
1163 (((
1164 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1165 )))
1166
1167 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1168
1169
1170
1171 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1172
1173
1174 (((
1175 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1176 )))
1177
1178 (((
1179 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1180 )))
1181
1182
1183 (((
1184 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1185 )))
1186
1187
1188
1189 = 9.  FAQ =
1190
1191
1192 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1193
1194
1195 (((
1196 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1197 )))
1198
1199 (((
1200
1201
1202
1203 )))
1204
1205 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1206
1207
1208 (((
1209 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1210 )))
1211
1212 (((
1213 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1214 )))
1215
1216 (((
1217
1218
1219
1220 )))
1221
1222 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1223
1224
1225 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1226
1227
1228
1229 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1230
1231
1232 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1233
1234
1235 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1236
1237 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1238
1239 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1240
1241 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1242
1243 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1244
1245 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1246
1247 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1248
1249 (((
1250 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1251 )))
1252
1253 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1254
1255
1256
1257 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1258
1259
1260 (((
1261 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1262 )))
1263
1264 (((
1265
1266
1267
1268 )))
1269
1270 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1271
1272
1273 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1274
1275
1276 (((
1277 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1278 )))
1279
1280 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1281
1282
1283 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1284
1285 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1286
1287 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1288 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1289 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1290
1291 As below photo:
1292
1293 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1294
1295 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1296
1297 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1298
1299
1300
1301 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1302
1303
1304 (((
1305 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1306 )))
1307
1308 (((
1309 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1310 )))
1311
1312
1313
1314 = 11.  Order Info =
1315
1316
1317 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1318
1319
1320 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1321
1322 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1323 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1324
1325 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1326
1327 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1328 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1329 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1330 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1331
1332 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1333
1334
1335
1336 = 12.  Packing Info =
1337
1338
1339 (((
1340 **Package Includes**:
1341 )))
1342
1343 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1344 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1345 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1346
1347 (((
1348 **Dimension and weight**:
1349 )))
1350
1351 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1352 * Weight: 187g
1353 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1354 * Weight: 300g
1355
1356
1357 = 13.  Support =
1358
1359 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1360 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1361 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1362 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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