Version 134.2 by Xiaoling on 2023/01/07 13:43
Show last authors
1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:image-20220620202334-2.png||height="467" width="809"]]
3
4
5 (((
6
7
8
9 )))
10
11 **Table of Contents：**
12
13 {{toc/}}
14
15
16
17
18
19 = 1. Introduction =
20
21 == 1.1 What is LPS8v2 ==
22
23
24 (((
25 (((
26 The LPS8v2 is an (% style="color:green" %)**open-source LoRaWAN Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via (% style="color:green" %)**WiFi , Ethernet or Cellular Network**(%%) (via Optional 4G module). The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data rates.
27 )))
28
29 (((
30 The LPS8v2 is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It supports different kinds of LoRaWAN Network Connections such as: (% style="color:green" %)**Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder, LoRaWAN Basic Station, ChirpStack MQTT Bridge**(%%), and so on. This makes LPS8V2 work with most LoRaWAN platforms in the market.
31 )))
32
33 (((
34 LPS8v2 also includes a (% style="color:green" %)**built-in LoRaWAN Server and IoT server**(%%), which provide the possibility for the system integrator to deploy the IoT service without cloud service or 3rd servers.
35 )))
36
37 (((
38 Different countries use different LoRaWAN frequency bands. LPS8v2 has these bands pre-configured. Users can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRa network.
39 )))
40
41 (((
42 LPS8v2 supports (% style="color:green" %)**remote management**(%%). System Integrator can easy to remote monitor the gateway and maintain it.
43 )))
44
45
46 == 1.2 Specifications ==
47
48
49 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
50
51 * CPU: Quad-core Cortex-A7 1.2Ghz
52 * RAM: 512MB
53 * eMMC: 4GB
54
55 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
56
57 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
58 * Multi-Channel LoRaWAN Wireless
59 * WiFi 802.11 b/g/n
60
61 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Operating Condition:**
62
63 * Work Temperature: -20 ~~ 65°C
64 * Storage Temperature: -20 ~~ 65°C
65 * Power Input: 5V, 2A, DC
66
67
68
69 == 1.3 Features ==
70
71
72 * Open Source Debian system
73 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
74 * Remote Management
75 * Auto-provisioning for batch deployment and management
76 * LoRaWAN Gateway
77 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
78 * Pre-configured to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
79 * Allow customizing LoRaWAN regional parameters.
80 * Different kinds of LoRaWAN Connections such as
81 ** Semtech UDP Packet Forwarder
82 ** LoRaWAN Basic Station
83 ** ChirpStack-Gateway-Bridge (MQTT)
84 * Built-in (% style="color:#037691" %)//**The Things Network**//(%%) local LoRaWAN server
85 * Built-in  (% style="color:#037691" %)//**Node-Red**// (%%)local Application server
86
87
88
89 == 1.4 Block Diagram ==
90
91
92
93 == 1.5 LED Indicators ==
94
95
96 LPS8-V2 has totally four LEDs, They are:
97
98
99 (% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ Power LED**//(%%)//: This RED LED will be solid if the device is properly powered//
100
101 (% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ ETH LED**//(%%)//:  This RGB LED will blink GREEN when the ETH port is connecting//
102
103 (% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ SYS LED**//(%%)//:  This RGB LED will show different colors in different states~://
104
105 // ✓ **SOLID GREEN:** The device is alive with a LoRaWAN server connection.//
106
107 // ✓ **BLINKING GREEN:** a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will BLINKING GREEN for several seconds and then with BLINKING GREEN together//
108
109 // ✓** SOLID RED:** Device doesn't have an Internet connection.//
110
111 (% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ WIFI LED**//(%%)//: This LED shows the WIFI interface connection status.//
112
113
114 == 1.6 Button Intruction ==
115
116
117 LPS8-V2 has a black toggle button, which is:
118
119
120 (% style="color:blue" %)**//➢ //Long press 4-5s  : **(%%)the gateway will reload the Network and Initialize wifi configuration
121
122 // **LED status: ** ETH LED will BLINKIND BULE Until the reload is finished.//
123
124
125 (% style="color:blue" %)//**➢ **//**Long press more than 10s:**(%%)**    **//the gateway will restore the factory settings.//
126
127 //**LED status: ** ETH LED will SOLID BULE Until the restore is finished.//
128
129
130 = 2. Quick Start =
131
132
133 The LPS8-V2 supports network access via Ethernet or Wi-Fi connection and runs without a network.
134
135 In most cases, the first thing you need to do is make the lps8-v2 accessible to the network.
136
137
138 == 2.1 Connects to the network and accesses the gateway Web UI ==
139
140 == 2.1.1 connect the network ==
141
142
143 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 1**(%%):  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from the router ===
144
145
146 (((
147 Connect the LPS8-V2 Ethernet port to your router and LPS8-V2 can obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8-V2.
148 )))
149
150 (((
151 You can also use this IP to connect.
152 )))
153
154 [[image:image-20220622100129-1.png||height="332" width="1263"]]
155
156
157 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 2**(%%):  Connect via LPS8-V2 Fallback IP ===
158
159
160 [[image:image-20230107084650-2.png||height="310" width="839"]]
161
162
163 (% style="color:blue" %)**Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
164
165 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LPS8-V2's WAN port
166
167 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
168
169 As below photo:
170
171 [[image:image-20230107085904-4.png||height="443" width="361"]]
172
173 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8-V2 via Web or Console.
174
175
176 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Method 3**(%%):  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from the router ===
177
178
179 [[image:image-20220622100542-2.png||height="369" width="1256"]]
180
181
182 Fill in the WiFi information by checking the box and clicking (% style="color:red" %)**Save&Apply**
183
184
185 [[image:image-20220622102702-6.png]]
186
187
188
189 **Wi-Fi configuration successful**
190
191
192 [[image:image-20220622102847-7.png]]
193
194
195 [[image:image-20220622102901-8.png||height="476" width="938"]]
196
197
198 == 2.1.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
199
200
201 **Web Interface**
202
203 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8-V2 ip address (depends on your connect method)
204
205
206 [[(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**//http:~~/~~/IP_ADDRESS //**>>http://IP_ADDRESS]](%%) or (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**[[http:~~/~~/172.31.255.254>>http://172.31.255.254(]]**//(Fallback IP)
207
208 You will see the login interface of LPS8-V2 as shown below.
209
210 The account details for Web Login are:
211
212 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
213
214 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
215
216 [[image:image-20230106153501-1.png||height="367" width="894"]]
217
218
219 == 2.2 The LPS8-V2 is registered and connected to The Things Network ==
220
221 === 2.2.1 Select your area frequency ===
222
223
224 (((
225 First, you need to set the frequency plan in LPS8-V2 to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
226
227
228 )))
229
230 [[image:image-20220622103332-9.png||height="485" width="938"]]
231
232
233 === 2.2.2 Get the only gateway EUI ===
234
235
236 Every LPS8-V2 has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found on LoRaWAN Semtech page:
237
238
239 [[image:image-20220622103355-10.png||height="698" width="949"]]
240
241
242 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster that corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
243
244
245 **➢ Europe 1:**  corresponding Gateway server address:  **eu1.cloud.thethings.network**
246
247 **➢ North America 1:**  corresponding Gateway server address:  **nam1.cloud.thethings.network**
248
249 **➢ Australia 1: ** corresponding Gateway server address:  **au1.cloud.thethings.network**
250
251 **➢ Legacy V2 Console:** TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
252
253
254 [[image:image-20220622103956-12.png]]
255
256
257 == 2.2.3 Register the gateway to The Things Network ==
258
259
260 **Login to The Things Network**
261
262 [[https:~~/~~/console.cloud.thethings.network/>>https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]
263
264
265 **Add the gateway**
266
267 [[image:image-20220622104252-13.png||height="511" width="953"]]
268
269
270 **Get it online**
271
272
273 = 3. Web Configure Pages =
274
275 == 3.1 Home ==
276
277
278 //Shows the system running status~://
279
280 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/WebHome/image-20220622102901-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220622102901-8.png" height="476" width="939"]]
281
282
283 == 3.2 LoRa Settings ==
284
285 === 3.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
286
287
288 //This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There is a set of default frequency bands according to LoRaWAN protocol, and users can customize the band* as well.//
289
290 //Different LPS8v2 hardware versions can support different frequency ranges~://
291
292 * (% style="color:#0000ff" %)//**868**//(% style="color:black" %)//: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865, or KZ865.//
293 * (% style="color:#0000ff" %)//**915**//(% style="color:black" %)//: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920//
294
295 (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
296 //After the user choose the frequency plan,  the user can see the actual frequency is used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**//
297
298
299 (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
300 [[image:image-20220616110739-1.png||height="372" width="682"]]
301
302
303 (((
304 (% style="color:red" %)//**Note *: See this instruction for how to customize the frequency band: **//(%%)**//__[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band - DRAGINO>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]__//**
305 )))
306
307
308 == 3.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
309
310 === 3.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Semtech UDP ===
311
312
313 //This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]], etc.//
314
315
316 [[image:image-20220616111932-2.png||height="516" width="672"]]
317
318
319 === 3.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN Basic Station ===
320
321
322 //This page is for the connection set up to the TTN Basic Station, AWS-IoT, etc.//
323
324
325 [[image:image-20220616113246-3.png||height="396" width="672"]]
326
327
328 (((
329 Please see this instruction to know more detail and a demo for how to use of LoRaWAN Basic Station: __[[Use of LoRaWAN Basic Station - DRAGINO>>doc:Main.Use of LoRaWAN Basic Station.WebHome]]__
330 )))
331
332
333 == 3.4 Network Settings ==
334
335 === 3.4.1 Network ~-~-> WiFi ===
336
337
338 [[image:image-20220616114756-4.png||height="251" width="669"]]
339
340
341 === 3.4.2 Network ~-~-> System Status ===
342
343
344 [[image:image-20220820134112-2.png||height="539" width="668"]]
345
346
347 === 3.4.3 Network ~-~-> Firewall ===
348
349
350 [[image:image-20220616115351-6.png||height="244" width="661"]]
351
352
353 == 3.5 System ==
354
355 === 3.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
356
357
358 Shows the system info:
359
360 [[image:image-20220917144512-5.png||height="618" width="853"]]
361
362
363 === 3.5.2 System ~-~-> System General ===
364
365
366 In the System-> System General interface, Users can customize the configuration System Password and set Timezone.
367
368 [[image:image-20230107084158-1.png||height="543" width="844"]]
369
370
371 === 3.5.3 System ~-~-> Backup/Restore ===
372
373
374 [[image:image-20220917144725-6.png||height="208" width="869"]]
375
376
377 === 3.5.4 System ~-~-> Remoteit ===
378
379
380 In the System-> Remoteit interface, users can configure the gateway to be accessed remotely via Remote.it.
381
382
383 the users can refer to this link to configure them: **[[Monitor & Remote Access Gateway>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access#H2.1A0RemoteAccessviaRemote.it.]]**
384
385 [[image:image-20221230092303-2.png]]
386
387
388 = 4. Build-in Server =
389
390
391 The default factory version of LPS8-V2 is installed with the built-in Applicant server: (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red, and**(%%) LoRaWAN Server: (% style="color:blue" %)**The Things Network - Stack (Open Source 3.19 Version).**
392
393
394 [[image:image-20220820115644-1.png||height="217" width="778"]]
395
396
397 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
398
399 **Path**: System ~-~-> Built-in Server
400
401
402 **Troubleshooting:**
403
404
405 **~ 1. URL does not jump properly**
406
407 For the ttn-stack, you can click the update the URL which will update the configuration where change the hostname to the current local IP address as the URL.
408
409 For the Node-Red, you can use the local IP address and the port is 1880 to access it.
410
411
412 == 4.1 LoRaWAN Network  Server ~-~- The Things Network - Stack (TTN-V3) ==
413
414
415 You can access the gateway's built-in LNS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**The Things Network - Stack **(%%)via the URL( (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:8080 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address> //**__(%%)) in your browser.
416
417 Such as  (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:8080  or http:~/~/<Local-IPV4-Address>//**__
418
419
420 Login account:
421
422 **User ID: ** ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)admin(%%)**
423
424 **Password: ** ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino(%%)**
425
426
427 [[image:image-20220725171719-1.png||height="570" width="769"]]
428
429
430 == 4.2 Application Server ~-~- Node-Red ==
431
432
433 You can access the gateway's built-in AS server of (% style="color:blue" %)**Node-Red **(%%)via the URL((% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:1880 or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address>//**__(%%)) in your browser.
434
435
436 Such as (% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/dragino-54ff12:1880  or http:~/~/<Local-IPV4-Address>//**__
437
438
439 [[image:image-20220725172124-3.png||height="610" width="843"]]
440
441
442
443 === **Using Node-Red, InfluxDB and Grafana** ===
444
445 The LPS8-V2 supports this combination, the default, Node-red is pre-installed but the InfluxDB and Grafana is not pre-installed.
446
447
448 the users can refer to this link to install them.
449
450 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.6HowtoinstallGrafanaandinfluxdb>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Armbian%20OS%20instruction/#H2.6HowtoinstallGrafanaandinfluxdb]]
451
452
453 = 5. How users can access LPS8v2 using serial USB =
454
455
456 (% style="color:blue" %)**USB TTL to LPS8v2  Connection:**
457
458
459 Port 1 of the UART on the LPS8v2 is GND
460
461 (% class="box infomessage" %)
462 (((
463 **TXD  <~-~--> UART RXD (Gray line)**
464
465 **RXD  <~-~--> UART TXD (White line)**
466
467 **GND <~-~--> GND (Black line)**
468 )))
469
470
471 **LPS8v2 UART connection photo**
472
473 [[image:image-20220804163015-1.png||height="621" width="466"]]
474
475
476 In the PC,you can use the serial port tool(such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows), you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:blue" %)**115200**(%%) to access the serial console for LPS8v2. LPS8v2 will output system info once power on as below:
477
478
479 [[image:image-20220804164928-3.png||height="320" width="332"]]
480
481
482 [[image:image-20220804164747-2.png||height="622" width="594"]]
483
484
485 = 6. Use the helium gateway-rs as the Data-only Hotspot =
486
487
488 == **Step 1: Configure Frequency Band** ==
489
490
491 //Each country has a requirement for frequency region. Choose the right one for your area.//
492
493 [[image:image-20220905164308-1.png]]
494
495
496
497 == **Step 2: Configure the forward address** ==
498
499
500 **Select one of the servers to configure.**
501
502 **For example:**
503
504 [[image:image-20220905164847-2.png]]
505
506
507
508 == **Step 3: Download and Install the Helium-gateway-rs** ==
509
510
511 **Access the gateway CLI via SSH.**
512
513 [[image:image-20220905165222-3.png]]
514
515
516 **Download gateway-rs.**
517
518 [[image:image-20220905165715-5.png]]
519
520 (% class="box infomessage" %)
521 (((
522 **Command: wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/gateway-rs/helium-gateway-v1.0.0-alpha.31-raspi234.deb>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/gateway-rs/helium-gateway-v1.0.0-alpha.31-raspi234.deb]]**
523 )))
524
525
526 **Install gateway-rs.**
527
528 [[image:image-20220905165917-7.png]]
529
530 (% class="box infomessage" %)
531 (((
532 **Command: dpkg -i helium-gateway-v1.0.0-alpha.31-raspi234.deb **
533 )))
534
535
536 **Modify configuration.**
537
538
539 [[image:image-20220905173847-12.png]]
540
541
542 (% class="box infomessage" %)
543 (((
544 **region=<Enter regional parameters> \
545 && sed -i '/region/d' /etc/helium_gateway/settings.toml && sed -i "1 i\region = \"$region\"" /etc/helium_gateway/settings.toml \
546 && sed -i '/region/d' /etc/helium_gateway/default.toml && sed -i "22 i\region = \"$region\"" /etc/helium_gateway/default.toml**
547 )))
548
549
550 **Restart the helium_gateway**
551
552 [[image:image-20220905170920-9.png]]
553
554
555 (% class="box infomessage" %)
556 (((
557 **systemctl restart helium_gateway**
558 )))
559
560
561 **Check the helium_gateway Log：**
562
563 [[image:image-20220905173952-13.png]]
564
565
566 (% class="box infomessage" %)
567 (((
568 **journalctl -u helium_gateway -f**
569 )))
570
571
572 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: if your device is not finished the onboarding, which is unable to connect to the Helium console.**
573
574 where the helium gateway log is shown:
575
576 [[image:image-20220905174534-14.png]]
577
578
579 So you have to finish the onboarding, ~-~--Please refer to [[Step 2.7>>doc:Main.Notes for Helium.WebHome||anchor="H2.7A0Step6:OnboardingData-OnlyHotspot"]] to onboarding your LPS8-V2.
580
581
582 = 7. OTA System Update =
583
584
585 LPS8v2 supports system auto update via OTA, please see **[[this URL>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/OTA%20Update/]]** for the detail of this feature.
586
587
588 = 8. Trouble Shooting =
589
590 == 8.1  I can't log in to the built-in Server TTN Stack which shows '**Login failed**'. ==
591
592
593 [[image:image-20220920135918-1.png]]
594
595
596 This is caused by the inconsistency between the built-in TTN-Stack domain configuration and your login URL.
597
598 By default, ttn-stack uses the gateway's domain name for URL resolution, but in some networks, they prefer to resolve IP-v4 addresses.
599
600
601 So you can change the domain name of the TTN-Stack configuration to the IPv4 address.
602
603 **Click the update URL button to configure the URL with the current eth port address.**
604
605 [[image:image-20220920141936-2.png]]
606
607
608 = (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)9. Supports(%%) =
609
610
611 (((
612 **//If you are experiencing issues and can't solve them, you can send mail to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]].//**
613 )))
614
615 (((
616 **//With your question as detailed as possible. We will reply and help you in the shortest.//**
617
618
619 = 10. Reference =
620
621
622 * Install Tago Core: Refer **Install Tago Core in LPS8v2** in[[ Instruction>>doc:Main.Tago\.IO.WebHome]].
623 * [[Advance OS Reference Guide for LPS8v2>>doc:Main.Armbian OS instruction.WebHome]].
624
625
626
627 )))
628
629 = 11. Order Info =
630
631
632 (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**LPS8v2-XXX-YYY**
633
634 (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**XXX**(% style="color:black" %): Frequency Band
635
636 * (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
637 * (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
638 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
639 * (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
640 * (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
641 * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
642
643 (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**YYY**(% style="color:black" %): 4G Cellular Option
644
645 * (% style="color:red" %)**E**(%%):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
646 * (% style="color:red" %)**A**(%%):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
647 * (% style="color:red" %)**AU**(%%): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
648 * (% style="color:red" %)**J**(%%):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
649
650 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
651
652
653 = 12. Manufacturer Info =
654
655
656 **Shenzhen Dragino Technology Development co. LTD**
657
658 Room 202, Block B, BCT Incubation Bases (BaoChengTai),  No.8 CaiYunRoad
659
660 LongCheng Street, LongGang District ; Shenzhen 518116,China
661
662
663 = 13. FCC Warning =
664
665
666 (((
667 This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
668 )))
669
670 (((
671 ~-~- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
672 )))
673
674 (((
675 ~-~- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
676 )))
677
678 (((
679 ~-~- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
680 )))
681
682 (((
683 ~-~- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
684 )))
685
686
687 (((
688 Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
689 )))
690
691
692 (((
693 The antenna(s) used for this transmitter must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
694
695
696 )))
697 )))

Applications

Navigation

Copyright ©2010-2022 Dragino Technology Co., LTD. All rights reserved
Dragino Wiki v2.0